1
|
Jouybari TA, Jouybari HA, Hosseini F, Nesari M, Fattahi N. Evaluation of blood lead levels in opium addicts and healthy control group using novel deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by GFAAS. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24553-24561. [PMID: 36344888 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Today, drug dealers and sellers add lead compounds to these substances to get more profit. As a result, drug users are heavily exposed to lead, and lead poisoning is clearly seen in most of them. Therefore, it is especially important to check the blood lead levels in these people. In this research, an efficient and eco-friendly pretreatment method was established by deep eutectic solvent for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DES - DLLME) followed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) analysis. The selected hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent consists of l-menthol and (1S)-( +)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA) at a 5:1 molar ratio as a green solvent instead of traditional toxic organic solvents. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the introduced method exhibited good linearity with coefficient of determination (r2) 0.9975 and an acceptable linear range of 0.3-80 µg L-1. Accordingly, the detection limit was 0.1 µg L-1 (S/N = 3) for lead ions, and the high enrichment factor (240) was obtained. The proposed method was successfully applied to analysis lead ions in real blood samples, which is a promising technique for biological samples. The case samples were classified and analyzed based on age, duration of consumption, and type of substance. The results showed that there was no significant difference between blood lead levels in different age groups and different duration of use, while blood lead levels were higher in opium residue (shireh) users than in opium users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toraj Ahmadi Jouybari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Dr. Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hadi Ahmadi Jouybari
- Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Dr. Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nesari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Dr. Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nisah K, Rahmi R, Ramli M, Idroes R, Alva S, Iqhrammullah M, Safitri E. Optimization of Castor Oil-Based Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) with Active Agent 1,10-Phenanthroline for Aqueous Pb 2+ Analysis. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:987. [PMID: 36295746 PMCID: PMC9611885 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This research has successfully fabricated ion selective electrode (ISE) for Pb2+ using castor oil (Ricinus communis L.)-based polyurethane (PU) membrane with 1,10-phenanthroline as the active agent. The sensitivity of the Pb2+ ISE obtained is 27.25 mV/decade with a linear range of [Pb(NO3)2] of 10−10−10−5 M and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.959. The system response reaches stability after 25 s of measurement. The Pb2+ has a detection limit of 10−10 M and gives a stable response at pH 7−8 with a 15-day lifetime. The investigation of the selectivity of the ISE was performed using the mixed solution method with log Kij values of <1. The selectivity order of Pb2+ ISE against the foreign ions is Ag2+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Mg2+ > Cu2+ > Fe3+ > Cr3+> Zn2+ > Cd2+. The Pb2+ ISE shows acceptable reproducibility and repeatability with standard deviation values of 0.065 and 0.0079, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra confirmed that 1,10-phenanthroline was responsible for the formation of the Pb2+ ion entrapment via complexation. Other characterizations (crystallinity, micro-surface morphology, and mechanical strength) suggest the degradation of the membrane structure integrity after the application. The analysis results of Pb levels using the Pb2+ ISE in artificial and wastewater samples were not significantly different from the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairun Nisah
- Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rahmi Rahmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Muliadi Ramli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Sagir Alva
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, West Jakarta 11650, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqhrammullah
- Department of Life Science and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Eka Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tekin Z, Özdoğan N, Karlıdağ NE, Bakırdere S. Stearic Acid Functionalized Iron Nanoparticle Based Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction (MSPE) for the Determination of Oxadiazon in Purslane by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2089887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Tekin
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nizamettin Özdoğan
- Institute of Science, Environmental Engineer Department, BülentEcevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | | | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Serbest H, Bakırdere S, Keyf S. Determination of gold at trace levels in gold plating wastewater samples by vortex-assisted amidosulfonic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticle-based solid-phase microextraction method prior to slotted quartz tube flame atomic absorption spectrometric measurements. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
5
|
Şaylan M, Karlıdağ NE, Toprak M, Tekin Z, Balçık U, Öztürk Er E, Bakırdere S. Novel Salicylic Acid Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles Based Ligandless Extraction for the Accurate Determination of Bismuth in Urine Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.2023815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Şaylan
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Münevver Toprak
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Tekin
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Balçık
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Öztürk Er
- Chemical Engineering Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based preconcentration for ICP-OES determination of trace lead in environmental samples. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
7
|
Chaikhan P, Udnan Y, Ampiah-Bonney RJ, Chuachuad Chaiyasith W. Magnetic Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Using Recycled-graphite for GO-Fe 3O 4-dithizone Composite Combined with FAAS for Determination of Lead in Environmental Samples. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1015-1021. [PMID: 33455961 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MdSPE) was developed to determine the concentration of lead (Pb) in real water samples, while graphene oxide-magnetite-dithizone (GO-Fe3O4-DTZ) from the used graphite tubes (recycled graphite) of electrothermal technique was simply employed as a new sorbent to improve extraction efficiency, separated by external magnetic field and analyzed with FAAS. The synthesized sorbent was evaluated for its surface property, functional group and surface morphology by Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The relevant measurement parameters, such as pH, extraction time, type and concentration of eluent, sample volume and reusability, were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, preconcentration factor was 13.33. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) obtained were 0.070 and 0.23 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) was 3.41%. Recovery values were 90.1 - 123%. In addition, the robustness of the method was affirmed in terms of tolerance limit obtained from interference studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuthapong Udnan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | | | - Wipharat Chuachuad Chaiyasith
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University.,Center of Excellence in Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Polat N. Determination of Lead in Urine by Slotted Quartz Tube (SQT) – Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) Following Preconcentration by Dispersive Liquid Phase Microextraction (DLLME). ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1914645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naci Polat
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan WA, Arain MB, Soylak M. Nanomaterials-based solid phase extraction and solid phase microextraction for heavy metals food toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
10
|
Ścigalski P, Kosobucki P. Recent Materials Developed for Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction. Molecules 2020; 25:E4869. [PMID: 33105561 PMCID: PMC7659476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid phase extraction (SPE) is an analytical procedure developed with the purpose of separating a target analyte from a complex sample matrix prior to quantitative or qualitative determination. The purpose of such treatment is twofold: elimination of matrix constituents that could interfere with the detection process or even damage analytical equipment as well as enriching the analyte in the sample so that it is readily available for detection. Dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) is a recent development of the standard SPE technique that is attracting growing attention due to its remarkable simplicity, short extraction time and low requirement for solvent expenditure, accompanied by high effectiveness and wide applicability. This review aims to thoroughly survey recently conducted analytical studies focusing on methods utilizing novel, interesting nanomaterials as dSPE sorbents, as well as known materials that have been only recently successfully applied in dSPE techniques, and evaluate their performance and suitability based on comparison with previously reported analytical procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Ścigalski
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Öztürk Er E, Dalgıç Bozyiğit G, Büyükpınar Ç, Bakırdere S. Magnetic Nanoparticles Based Solid Phase Extraction Methods for the Determination of Trace Elements. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:231-249. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1797465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Öztürk Er
- Chemical Engineering Department, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Dalgıç Bozyiğit
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ahmadi-Jouibari T, Aghaei A, Sharafi K, Fattahi N. Homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction based on liquid nitrogen-induced phase separation followed by GFAAS for sensitive extraction and determination of lead in lead-adulterated opium and refined opium. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29460-29468. [PMID: 35521102 PMCID: PMC9055943 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05304j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we developed a novel homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction based on liquid nitrogen-induced phase separation (HLLME-LNPS) for the extraction and determination of lead (Pb) in Pb-adulterated opium and refined opium by GFAAS analysis. In this procedure, first, 400 μl of acetonitrile (extractant) containing 7.0 μl of diethyl dithiophosphoric acid (DDTP) is injected into a sample solution and a homogeneous solution is formed. Subsequently, the homogeneous mixture is cooled using liquid nitrogen for 16 seconds. By this process, due to the difference in the freezing points of the organic and aqueous phases, the homogeneous state is broken and the Pb-DDTP species are extracted into the liquid organic phase collected on top of the frozen aqueous phase. The introduced method exhibited a good linearity with a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.9988 and an acceptable linear range of 0.6–100 μg l−1. Accordingly, the detection limit was 0.2 μg l−1 (S/N = 3) for Pb ions, and a high enrichment factor was obtained. The proposed method was successfully utilized to determine trace levels of Pb in opium samples. The results of the sample analysis showed that 65% of the opium samples and 85% of the refined opium samples had much higher than expected levels of contaminating Pb, and this contamination poses a serious threat to drug users. Herein, we developed a novel homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction based on liquid nitrogen-induced phase separation (HLLME-LNPS) for the extraction and determination of lead (Pb) in Pb-adulterated opium and refined opium by GFAAS analysis.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toraj Ahmadi-Jouibari
- Iran West Center for Drug Abuse Studies
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Abbas Aghaei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center
- Research Institute for Health Development
- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
- Sanandaj
- Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)
- Health Institute
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)
- Health Institute
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
In vitro bioactivity approach of unripe genipap (Genipa americana L., Rubiaceae) fruit extract and its solid lipid microparticle. Food Res Int 2019; 127:108720. [PMID: 31882083 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Growing awareness in favor of innovative and healthier alternatives is creating a noticeable shift from synthetic colorants to natural additives. And, such a swing in the consumer market is growing slowly but noticeably. In this context, genipap (Genipa americana L.) fruit represents an emerging source of blue colorants in Latin America with extensive application possibilities. This is despite the fact that there are few studies concerning its toxicity predictive factors. In this early-stage study we propose to investigate safety issues around genipap extract (IBBP); we also attempt to identify fingerprint profiling of both IBBP extract and solid lipid microparticles containing IBBP extract (SLM-IBBP) using in vitro assays. The main compounds identified were genipin, and genipin 1-β-gentiobioside. Results indicated that IBBP extract, at 25 µg/mL, was able to promote DNA damage in CHO-K1 cells, suggesting a genotoxic effect. On the other hand, the SLM-IBBP inhibited almost all cancer cell lines with GI50 ranging from 0.25 μg/mL to 43.5 μg/mL. Also, IBBP-SLM seems to exert a desirable apoptosis induction (at 25 µg/mL dosage). The next steps for our work, therefore, will focus on other nanoparticle formulation approaches, in particular with the use of natural Brazilian starch. An evaluation of the metabolism and distribution of microparticles, and their safety for food and pharmaceutical purposes, are also required.
Collapse
|