1
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Pang L, Liu M, Chen C, Huang Z, Liu S, Man C, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Yang X. Effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the structure, IgE binding capacity, functional properties and bioactivity of whey protein hydrolysates via multispectroscopy and peptidomics revealed. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 110:107025. [PMID: 39163694 PMCID: PMC11381472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Whey protein is an important food ingredient, but it is also considered a major food allergen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the structure, IgE binding capacity, functional properties and biological activity of whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrolysates (WPH), including WPI hydrolyzed by a combination of enzymes from Bromelain and ProteAXH (BA-WPI) and WPI hydrolyzed by a combination of enzymes from Papain W-40 and ProteAXH (PA-WPI). The IgE binding capacity of BA-WPI and PA-WPI was reduced to 40.28% and 30.17%, respectively, due to disruption/exposure/shielding of conformational and linear epitopes. The IgE binding capacity of sonicated WPI was increased, but ultrasound pretreatment further reduced the IgE binding capacity of the hydrolysates to 32.89% and 28.04%. This is due to the fact that ultrasound pretreatment leads to conformational changes including increased α-helix and β-sheet structure, exposure of aromatic amino acids, surface hydrophobicity, and increased sulfhydryl content, which increases the accessibility of allergenic epitopes to WPI by the enzyme. Multispectral and LC-MS/MS results further indicated that ultrasound pretreatment altered the conformational and primary structural changes of the hydrolysates. The thermograms showed that ultrasound pretreatment mainly altered the epitope spectra of β-lactoglobulin hydrolysates, while it had less effect on the epitope spectra of α-lactalbumin hydrolysates. Additionally, ultrasound pretreatment significantly improved the foaming properties, antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase inhibition of the hydrolysates without impairing the solubility and emulsification properties of the hydrolysates. Therefore, ultrasound pretreatment is a feasible method to reduce the allergenicity of WPH and to improve their functional properties and bioactivity. Notably, ultrasonic pretreatment improved the effectiveness and efficiency of WPI hydrolysis, which is a feasible method to produce high-quality protein feedstock in a green, efficient, and economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chaoxin Man
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, Henan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xinyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Kim SA, Toushik SH, Lee JE, Shim WB. Detection of a Thermal Stable-Soluble Protein (TSSP) as a Marker of Peanut Adulteration Using a Highly Sensitive Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay based on Monoclonal Antibodies. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1170-1178. [PMID: 37386719 PMCID: PMC10580888 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2304.04038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy represents a severe problem for many societies, including sensitive populations, academies, health authorities, and the food industry. Peanut allergy occupies a special place in the food allergy spectrum. To prevent consumption by consumers suffering from a peanut allergy, a rapid and sensitive detection method is essential to identify unintended peanut adulteration in processed foods. In this study, we produced four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs; RO 3A1-12, PB 4C12-10, PB 5F9-23, and PB 6G4-30) specific to thermo-stable and soluble proteins (TSSPs) of peanut and developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the MAbs. Among them, PB 5F9-23 MAb was firmly bound to Ara h 1, and other MAbs strongly reacted to Ara h 3 in the Western blot analysis. An antibody cocktail solution of the MAbs was used to enhance the sensitivity of an indirect ELISA, and the limit of detection of the indirect ELISA based on the antibody cocktail solution was 1 ng/ml and improved compared to the indirect ELISA based on the single MAb (11 ng/ml). The cross-reaction analysis revealed the high specificity of developed MAbs to peanut TSSPs without cross-reaction to other food allergens, including nuts. Subsequently, analyzing processed foods by indirect ELISA, all foods labeled as containing peanuts in the product description were confirmed to be positive. The results indicate that the developed antibodies exhibit high specificity and sensitivity to peanuts and can be used as bio-receptors in immunoassays or biosensors to detect intentional or unintentional adulteration of peanuts in processed foods, particularly heat-processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol-A Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeong-Eun Lee
- Institute of Smart Farm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Bo Shim
- Institute of Smart Farm Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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3
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Xiong Z, Wang W, Ma X, Zhang X, Wu Z, Yang A, Wu Y, Meng X, Chen H, Li X. Development of a Two-Step Hydrolysis Hypoallergenic Cow's Milk Formula and Evaluation of Residue Allergenicity by Peptidomics and Immunoreactivity Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12237-12249. [PMID: 37531557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is an abnormal immune response that severely affects the nutritional supplementation of allergic infants. Currently, only a limited number of hypoallergenic formulas are available on the market, and these are only categorized according to their degree of hydrolysis, which still poses an allergy risk and cannot be consumed by CMA patients, especially infants. To address this issue, we developed a two-step hydrolysis hypoallergenic formula targeting destruction of allergen epitope from whey protein. Then, a comprehensive evaluation system was constructed, including peptidomics analysis, in vivo and in vitro allergenicity assessments, revealing allergic changes in the product from the epitope structure level to the immunological level. The results showed that 97.14% of hydrolyzed peptides from α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin did not contain allergenic epitopes after treatment with trypsin and flavourzyme. In vitro and in vivo allergenicity assessment results confirmed that the two-step hydrolysis method effectively reduced the allergenicity of whey protein. Compared with the common milk powder, the hypoallergenic formula induced lower levels of basophil degranulation and relieved the body's anaphylactic symptoms caused by cow milk. This study provides a promising solution to the limited hypoallergenic formula problem and may benefit allergic infants who require nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Anshu Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yong Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xuanyi Meng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
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4
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Shu E, Wang S, Niu B, Chen Q. Effect of Peanut Protein Treated with Alkaline Protease and Flavorzyme on BALB/c Mice. Foods 2023; 12:2634. [PMID: 37444372 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the effects of enzyme treatment concentration, temperature, and time on peanut protein so as to obtain an optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condition for flavorzyme (Fla) and alkaline protease (Alk). The results were as follows: enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 60 °C and 55 °C, enzyme concentration 10% and 4%, enzymatic hydrolysis time 80 min and 60 min, and double enzyme hydrolysis ratio 2% Fla + 5% Alk, respectively. The BALB/c mice were sensitized with gavage of peanut protein before and after enzyme treatment to evaluate the effects of different enzyme treatments on peanut allergenicity. Compared with the mice sensitized with raw peanuts, the weight growth rate of the mice sensitized with enzyme treatment peanut increased but not as much as the control, the degranulation degree of mast cell and basophils decreased, the inflammatory infiltration and congestion in jejunum and lung tissue decreased, the expression of proinflammatory factors and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene decreased, and the secretion of specific antibodies (IgE, and IgG) decreased, and the binding ability of peanut protein with peanut-specific IgE antibodies decreased as well. The results above indicate that the allergenicity of peanut protein decreases after enzyme treatment and the dual enzyme (Fla + Alk) treatment can be much more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlian Shu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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5
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Akbarbaglu Z, Tamjidi F, Sarabandi K, Ayaseh A. Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant stability of spray-dried soy peptide fractions. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3949-3958. [PMID: 37457162 PMCID: PMC10345720 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct addition of health-promoting peptides to food products is limited due to their physicochemical instability and bitter taste as well as their bio-functionality may be influenced by MW. In this study, SPI hydrolysate (SPIH) was Alcalase-prepared, size-fractionated (<10, 10-30, and 30-100 kD), and the amino acid composition of peptide fractions determined. The physicochemical properties, morphology, and antioxidant stability of the fractions were also investigated after spray-drying encapsulation in maltodextrin-WPC carrier. The two low MW peptide fractions (especially, PF < 10) were more active than intact SPI, SPIH, and high MW peptide fraction in scavenging free radicals and chelating transition metal ions. As compared to the particles containing SPIH, those containing the smallest peptide fraction (PF < 10) had higher solubility and hygroscopicity, lower production yield and wettability, and more wrinkles, indentations and surface roughness. The highest antioxidant stability during spray-drying was observed for the two low MW peptide fractions, which examined by scavenging of free radicals of DPPH (88%), ABTS (97%), OH (93%) and NO (80%), chelating of iron (88%) and copper (87-90%) ions, reducing power (93%), and total antioxidant activity (90%). This finding reflects more structural and biological stability of the low MW fractions to shear stress and dehydration during spray-drying, as compared with SPIH. The spray-drying encapsulated soy peptide fractions may be used as nutraceuticals for the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Akbarbaglu
- Department of Food Science, College of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | - Fardin Tamjidi
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KurdistanSanandajIran
| | - Khashayar Sarabandi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of MedicineZahedan University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran
| | - Ali Ayaseh
- Department of Food Science, College of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
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6
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Geng Q, Zhang Y, Song M, Zhou X, Tang Y, Wu Z, Chen H. Allergenicity of peanut allergens and its dependence on the structure. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:1058-1081. [PMID: 36624611 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are a global food safety problem. Peanut allergies are common due, in part, to their popular utilization in the food industry. Peanut allergy is typically an immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction, and peanuts contain 17 allergens belonging to different families in peanut. In this review, we first introduce the mechanisms and management of peanut allergy, followed by the basic structures of associated allergens. Subsequently, we summarize methods of epitope localization for peanut allergens. These methods can be instrumental in speeding up the discovery of allergenicity-dependent structures. Many attempts have been made to decrease the allergenicity of peanuts. The structures of hypoallergens, which are manufactured during processing, were analyzed to strengthen the desensitization process and allergen immunotherapy. The identification of conformational epitopes is the bottleneck in both peanut and food allergies. Further, the identification and modification of such epitopes will lead to improved strategies for managing and preventing peanut allergy. Combining traditional wet chemistry research with structure simulation studies will help in the epitopes' localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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7
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Sun S, Jiang T, Gu Y, Yao L, Du H, Luo J, Che H. Contribution of five major apple polyphenols in reducing peanut protein sensitization and alleviating allergencitiy of peanut by changing allergen structure. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112297. [PMID: 36737898 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peanuts are prone to trigger allergic reactions with high mortality rate. There is currently no effective way to prevent peanut allergy. In order to reduce the allergy risk of peanuts, it's significant to reduce sensitization of peanut prior to ingestion. In this study, the effects of five major apple polyphenols (epicatechin, phlorizin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and catechin) -peanut protein on the sensitization of peanut allergens were studied by BALB/c peanut allergy model to access the contribution of each polyphenol in apple to peanut allergen sensitization reduction. Then, the mechanism was explored in terms of the effect of polyphenols on the simulated gastric digestion of peanut protein and the changes in structure of Ara h 1. The results showed that polyphenol binding could alleviate allergencitiy of peanut and regulate MAPK related signaling pathway. Among the five major apple polyphenols, epicatechin had the strongest inhibitory effect. The binding of epicatechin to the constitutive epitopes arginine led to changes in the spatial structure of Ara h 1, which resulted in the effective linear epitopes reduction. Modification of peanut allergens with polyphenols could effectively reduce the sensitization of peanut protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanjun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hang Du
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiangzuo Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilian Che
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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8
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Astuti RM, Palupi NS, Suhartono MT, Kusumaningtyas E, Lioe HN. Effect of processing treatments on the allergenicity of nuts and legumes: A meta-analysis. J Food Sci 2023; 88:28-56. [PMID: 36444520 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effective food processing to reduce nuts and legumes allergenicity could not be easily and directly concluded from reading a few published reports. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate this issue. A literature search was conducted in eight electronic databases from January 2000 to June 11, 2021. The primary outcome of interest was the allergenicity of processed nuts or legumes determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from in vitro studies. Data with the standardized mean difference (SMD) of 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a random-effect model by RevMan 5.4 software. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q (PQ ) and I2 tests. The search strategy identified 18,793 articles. However, only 61 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. There were 21 and 15 types of respective single and combined food processing treatments analyzed for their effects on reducing allergenicity. In single processing treatment, the extrusion and fermentation had the largest reduction in allergenicity, considering their SMD value, that is, -20.19 (95% CI: -22.22 to -18.17; the certainty of evidence: moderate) and -20.8 (95% CI: -24.10 to -17.50; the certainty of evidence: moderate), respectively. Whereas in the combination, the treatment of fermentation followed by proteolytic hydrolysis showed the most significant reduction (SMD: -53.34; 95% CI: -70.18 to -36.5) and the evidence quality of this treatment was considered moderate. In conclusion, these three food processing methods showed a desirable impact in reducing nuts or legumes allergenicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Nuts and legumes play an essential role as protein sources in food consumption worldwide, but they usually contain allergens. Our study has investigated the food processing methods that effectively reduce their allergenicity by meta-analysis. The result gives valuable information for further laboratory investigation on allergens and can be used by food industries in providing foods from nuts and legumes with lower allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizki Maryam Astuti
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Bakrie University, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Nurheni Sri Palupi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.,Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Eni Kusumaningtyas
- Research Center for Veterinary Science, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Nuryani Lioe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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9
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Zhao X, Bi H. Evaluation of Allergic Cross-Reactivity Among Fishes by Microfluidic Chips and MALDI-TOF MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7525-7534. [PMID: 35695853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fish is one of the most common foods that cause allergic reactions. The study of cross-reactivity among fishes using mass spectrometry (MS) is still limited. We developed a strategy using microfluidic chips coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to evaluate cross-reactivity among fishes. The protocol employed commercial magnetic beads functionalized with anti-human IgE antibodies to carry out the IgEs immunomagnetic separation in blood samples, followed by the capture of allergens from seafood protein extracts in a single-straight microfluidic channel. After elution, the captured allergens were digested and identified by MALDI-TOF MS and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An investigation of the reproducibility revealed that the protocol can sense well the allergens in a food matrix. Seven fish species were analyzed to evaluate the allergic cross-reactivity among fishes. The commercial ELISA test gave consistent results with the presently developed strategy when the same allergenicity test was performed. Parvalbumins were detected from five of the seven analyzed fishes. The sequence alignment of parvalbumins revealed that the similarity of parvalbumins identified from the analyzed fishes is larger than 64%. Boiling may reduce the allergenicity of fish, as demonstrated by a marginal diminish in the parvalbumin content of crucian carp (Carassius carassius) muscle when boiling with water. The method can potentially be used to predict allergic cross-reactivity among fish species, provide advice and guidance to individuals with a history of seafood allergy, and ensure food safety in the food allergy community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hongyan Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road 999, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201306, China
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10
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Li H, Yang J, Qin A, Yang F, Liu D, Li H, Yu J. Milk protein hydrolysates obtained with immobilized alcalase and neutrase on magnetite nanoparticles: Characterization and antigenicity study. J Food Sci 2022; 87:3107-3116. [PMID: 35638323 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis is the most commonly used method to reduce the antigenicity of milk protein, but free protease is unstable and difficult to recycle after application. In this study, alcalase and neutrase were selected for immobilization on the modified magnetic Fe3 O4 nanoparticles. The reusability of the immobilized enzyme was 68.23% of the total starting activity after 5 recycling batches. The optimal hydrolysis conditions were an enzyme to substrate ratio of 6000 U/g and reaction at 50℃ and pH 8.5 for 3 h. Under these conditions, 22.76% hydrolysis of hydrolysate was achieved, and the antigenicity reduction rates of β-lactoglobulin and casein were 21.34% and 30.89%, respectively. In addition, 82.75% of the hydrolysate had a molecular weight less than 1 kDa, and free amino acids represented 13.65% of the sample. This result showed that the hydrolysis with immobilized enzyme was similar to that with free enzyme and the immobilized enzyme could be applied to produce hypoallergenic hydrolysate. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Reduces milk protein allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
| | - Airong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
| | - Dingkuo Liu
- Dingzheng Xinxing Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Taifeng Road, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, China
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11
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Liang X, Wang Z, Yang H, Luo X, Sun J, Yang M, Shi X, Yue X, Zheng Y. Evaluation of allergenicity of cow milk treated with enzymatic hydrolysis through a mouse model of allergy. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:1039-1050. [PMID: 34955271 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cow milk (CM) allergy is a worldwide concern. Currently, few studies have been performed on the immunoreactivity of CM and fewer still on the antigenicity of CM in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we assessed the potential allergenicity of enzymatically hydrolyzed CM using in vitro ELISA and oral sensitization and challenge of BALB/c mice. Alcalase-, Protamex-, and Flavourzyme-treated CM (all from Novozymes) diminished IgE binding capacity, with greatest reductions of 56.31%, 50.62%, and 56.45%, respectively. Allergic symptoms and levels of total IgG1 were reduced, and allergic inflammation of the lung, jejunum, and spleen was relieved. Moreover, the numbers of CD8+ T and B220+ cells decreased, and the balance of CD4+ T/CD8+ T cells was effectively regulated. These findings suggest that the potential allergenicity of CM was reduced by enzymatic hydrolysis, and our research will lay a solid foundation for developing high-quality hypoallergenic CM products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Liang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Zongzhou Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Xue Luo
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Mei Yang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Xinyang Shi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, P. R. China.
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12
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Liang X, Cheng J, Sun J, Yang M, Luo X, Yang H, Wu J, Wang Z, Yue X, Zheng Y. Reduction of immunoreactivity and improvement of the nutritional qualities in cow milk products by enzymatic hydrolysis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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Antioxidative Activity of Soy, Wheat and Pea Protein Isolates Characterized by Multi-Enzyme Hydrolysis. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061509. [PMID: 34200422 PMCID: PMC8227270 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of protein by proteases produces small molecular weights (MWs) peptides as nanomaterials that are easily absorbed. This study investigated the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of three plant protein isolates (PIs) including soy, wheat and pea after multi-enzyme hydrolysis. The MWs, particle size and microstructure of PI hydrolysate (PIH) were determined by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS mass spectrometry, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Cell viability was determined in vitro using a mouse skeletal muscle cell line (C2C12) and crystal violet staining. The MWs and particle sizes of the three plant PIs were reduced after hydrolysis by three proteases (bromelain, Neutrase and Flavourzyme). The MWs of soy, wheat and pea PIH were 103.5–383.0 Da, 103.5–1146.5 Da and 103.1–1937.7 Da, respectively, and particle size distributions of 1.9–2.0 nm, 3.2–5.6 nm and 1.3–3.2 nm, respectively. All three plant PIHs appeared as aggregated nanoparticles. Soy PIH (100 μg/mL) provided better protection against H2O2-induced oxidative damage to C2C12 than wheat or pea PIH. In summary, soy PIH had the best antioxidant activity, and particle size than wheat PIH and pea PIH. Therefore, soy PIH might be a dietary supplement for healthy diet and medical applications.
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14
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Mala T, Sadiq MB, Anal AK. Comparative extraction of bromelain and bioactive peptides from pineapple byproducts by ultrasonic‐ and microwave‐assisted extractions. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thatchajaree Mala
- Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources Asian Institute of Technology Klong Luang Thailand
| | - Muhammad Bilal Sadiq
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
| | - Anil Kumar Anal
- Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources Asian Institute of Technology Klong Luang Thailand
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15
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WITHDRAWN: Enzymatic hydrolysis effects on immunoreactivity and nutritional quality of natural cow milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Yu J, Smith IN, Idris N, Gregory N, Mikiashvili N. Oxidative Stability of Protease Treated Peanut with Reduced Allergenicity. Foods 2020; 9:E762. [PMID: 32531900 PMCID: PMC7353559 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stability and allergenicity are two major concerns of peanuts. This study evaluated the impact of protease treatment of peanuts on its oxidative stability during storage. The raw and dry-roasted peanut kernels were hydrolyzed with Alcalase solution at pH 7.5 for 3 h. The contents of Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 6 in peanuts were determined before and after enzyme treatment by a sandwich ELISA. After drying, the samples were packed in eight amber glass jars and stored at 37 °C for 1-8 weeks. Controls are untreated raw and dry-roasted peanuts packed and stored in the same way as their treated counterparts. Samples were taken biweekly to determine peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as indicators of oxidation (n = 3), and to determine antioxidant activity. Alcalase treatment reduced intact major allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 6 by 100%, 99.8%, and 85%, respectively. The PVs of Alcalase-treated raw and roasted peanuts was lower than those of untreated (p < 0.05) over the 8-week storage. The TBARS of Alcalase-treated raw peanuts were slightly higher than that of untreated (p < 0.05), but the TBARS of Alcalase-treated dry-roasted peanuts were slightly but significantly lower than that of untreated (p < 0.05). The protease treatment increased the antioxidant activities including reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, and metal chelating capacity of peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (I.N.S.); (N.I.); (N.G.); (N.M.)
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