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Shahbazi M, Jäger H, Ettelaie R, Chen J, Mohammadi A, Kashi PA, Ulbrich M. A smart thermoresponsive macroporous 4D structure by 4D printing of Pickering-high internal phase emulsions stabilized by plasma-functionalized starch nanomaterials for a possible delivery system. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100686. [PMID: 38380133 PMCID: PMC10878850 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Hierarchically porous structures combine microporosity, mesoporosity, and microporosity to enhance pore accessibility and transport, which are crucial to develop high performance materials for biofabrication, food, and pharmaceutical applications. This work aimed to develop a 4D-printed smart hierarchical macroporous structure through 3D printing of Pickering-type high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs). The key was the utilization of surface-active (hydroxybutylated) starch nanomaterials, including starch nanocrystals (SNCs) (from waxy maize starch through acid hydrolysis) or starch nanoparticles (SNPs) (obtained through an ultrasound treatment). An innovative procedure to fabricate the functionalized starch nanomaterials was accomplished by grafting 1,2-butene oxide using a cold plasma technique to enhance their surface hydrophobicity, improving their aggregation, and thus attaining a colloidally stabilized Pickering-HIPEs with a low concentration of each surface-active starch nanomaterial. A flocculation of droplets in Pickering-HIPEs was developed after the addition of modified SNCs or SNPs, leading to the formation of a gel-like structure. The 3D printing of these Pickering-HIPEs developed a highly interconnected large pore structure, possessing a self-assembly property with thermoresponsive behavior. As a potential drug delivery system, this thermoresponsive macroporous 3D structure offered a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition at body temperature, which can be used in the field of smart releasing of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyar Shahbazi
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henry Jäger
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rammile Ettelaie
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jianshe Chen
- Food Oral Processing Laboratory, School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Adeleh Mohammadi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 4913815739, Iran
| | - Peyman Asghartabar Kashi
- Faculty of Biosystem, College of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Tehran University, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Marco Ulbrich
- Department of Food Technology and Food Chem., Chair of Food Process Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, OfficeTK1, Ackerstraße 76, 13355, Berlin, Germany
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Dos Santos JS, Biduski B, Colussi R, Pinto VZ, Dos Santos LR. Hydrogel properties of non-conventional starches from guabiju, pinhão, and uvaia seeds. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113243. [PMID: 37803556 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of starch vary depending on the botanical sources, thereby influencing the gelatinisation/retrogradation properties and subsequently affecting the hydrogels characteristics. This study aimed to assess the influence of botanical sources influence on starch and hydrogel properties using non-conventional starch derived from guabiju, pinhão, and uvaia seeds. Hydrogels were prepared by starch gelatinisation followed by 6 h ageing period at room temperature (20 ± 2 °C) and subjected to five freeze-thaw cycles. Pinhão starch exhibited a higher viscosity peak and breakdown, along with a lower final viscosity and setback, compared to guabiju and uvaia starches. The significantly different pasting properties influenced the porous microstructure, water absorption (p-value: 0.01), and resistance of the hydrogels (p-value: 0.01). The guabiju starch hydrogels showed a uniform pore structure without cavities, whereas pinhão and uvaia starch hydrogels exhibited agglomerated and spongy pore structures. Furthermore, the guabiju starch hydrogel demonstrated the lowest water absorption (4.56 g/g) and the highest compression resistance (1448.50 g) among all the studied starch hydrogels. In contrast, the pinhão starch hydrogel showed the highest water absorption (7.43 g/; p-value: 0.01) among all studied starch hydrogels. The hardness of uvaia starch hydrogel did not differ significantly from the guabiju and pinhão starch hydrogel. The different non-conventional starches reveal important variations in the hydrogels characteristics. This provides insights into how amylose and amylopectin interact and present alternatives for using these unique starch-based hydrogels in diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucilene Sena Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Bárbara Biduski
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil; Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland.
| | - Rosana Colussi
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences (CCQFA), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Vania Zanella Pinto
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras do Sul, PR 85301-970B, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Ruschel Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, University of Passo Fundo, BR 285, 99052-900 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
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Lin D, Zhao J, Fan H, Qin W, Wu Z. Enhancing starch nanocrystal production and evaluating their efficacy as fat replacers in ice cream: Investigating the influence of high pressure and ultrasonication. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126385. [PMID: 37595721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
A preparation method involving the combination of high-pressure homogenization and ultrasound (HPH-US) techniques was employed to produce starch nanocrystals (NCs) from three botanical starch sources: chestnut, corn starch, and potato starch. The optimal conditions, determined using response surface methodology, consisted of a homogenization pressure of 60 MPa and ultrasound at 280 W for 30 min. The utilization of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) unveiled that the resulting starch particles exhibited nanometric dimensions ranging from 135.36 to 203.47 nm. The mechanical forces generated by the HPH-US treatment significantly enhanced the physicochemical properties of the starch NCs, leading to a partial disruption of the crystalline structure. Moreover, the potential application of the synthesized starch NCs as fat replacers (FRs) was investigated. As the degree of substitution increased, notable improvements were observed in the hardness and viscosity of ice cream, accompanied by a reduction in the melting rate. The overall sensory evaluation indicated that corn starch NCs held substantial promise as a viable alternative FR for enhancing the quality of ice cream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derong Lin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Hao Fan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
| | - Zhijun Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
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4
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Feng W, Wang Z. Tailoring the Swelling-Shrinkable Behavior of Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303326. [PMID: 37544909 PMCID: PMC10558674 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels with tailor-made swelling-shrinkable properties have aroused considerable interest in numerous biomedical domains. For example, as swelling is a key issue for blood and wound extrudates absorption, the transference of nutrients and metabolites, as well as drug diffusion and release, hydrogels with high swelling capacity have been widely applicated in full-thickness skin wound healing and tissue regeneration, and drug delivery. Nevertheless, in the fields of tissue adhesives and internal soft-tissue wound healing, and bioelectronics, non-swelling hydrogels play very important functions owing to their stable macroscopic dimension and physical performance in physiological environment. Moreover, the negative swelling behavior (i.e., shrinkage) of hydrogels can be exploited to drive noninvasive wound closure, and achieve resolution enhancement of hydrogel scaffolds. In addition, it can help push out the entrapped drugs, thus promote drug release. However, there still has not been a general review of the constructions and biomedical applications of hydrogels from the viewpoint of swelling-shrinkable properties. Therefore, this review summarizes the tactics employed so far in tailoring the swelling-shrinkable properties of hydrogels and their biomedical applications. And a relatively comprehensive understanding of the current progress and future challenge of the hydrogels with different swelling-shrinkable features is provided for potential clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Zhengke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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Sun C, Wei Z, Xue C, Yang L. Development, application and future trends of starch-based delivery systems for nutraceuticals: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 308:120675. [PMID: 36813348 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As a natural biopolymer, starch is ideally adapted as an encapsulant material for nutraceutical delivery systems due to its unique nature of extensive sources, versatility and high biocompatibility. This review offers an outline of recent advances in the development of starch-based delivery systems. The structure and functional properties of starch in encapsulating and delivering bioactive ingredients are first introduced. Structural modification of starch improves the functionalities and extends the applications of starch in novel delivery systems. Then, various nutraceutical delivery systems are systematically summarized, which include porous starch, starch particle, amylose inclusion complex, cyclodextrin, gel, edible film and emulsion. Next, the delivery process of nutraceuticals is discussed in two parts: digestion and release. Intestinal digestion plays an important role during the whole digestion process of starch-based delivery systems. Moreover, controlled release of bioactives can be achieved by porous starch, starch-bioactive complexation and core-shell structure. Finally, the challenges of the existing starch-based delivery systems are deliberated, and the directions for future research are pointed out. Composite delivery carriers, co-delivery, intelligent delivery, delivery in real food systems, and reuse of agricultural wastes may be the research trends for starch-based delivery systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
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Wang S, Zhang P, Li Y, Li J, Li X, Yang J, Ji M, Li F, Zhang C. Recent advances and future challenges of the starch-based bio-composites for engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 307:120627. [PMID: 36781278 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Starch is regarded as one of the most promising sustainable materials due to its abundant yield and excellent biodegradability. From the perspective of practical engineering applications, this paper systematically describes the development of starch-based bio-composites in the past decade. Packaging properties, processing characteristics, and current challenges for the efficient processing of starch-based bio-composites are reviewed in industrial packaging. Green coatings, binders, adsorbents, flocculants, flame retardants, and emulsifiers are used as examples to illustrate the versatility of starch-based bio-composites in chemical agent applications. In addition, the work compares the application of starch-based bio-composites in conventional spinning with emerging spinning technologies and describes the challenges of electrostatic spinning for preparing nanoscale starch-based fibers. In terms of flexible electronics, the starch-based bio-composites are regard as a solid polymer electrolyte and easily modified porous material. Moreover, we describe the applications of the starch-based gels in tissue engineering, controlled drug release, and medical dressings. Finally, the theoretical input and technical guidance in the advanced sustainable engineering application of the starch-based bio-composites are provided in the work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junru Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jihua Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Maocheng Ji
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (M of E), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Fangyi Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (M of E), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Chuanwei Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wei H, Hu C, Hua B, Wang G, Guo T. Preparation of thermal/
pH
‐sensitive semi‐interpenetrating network hydrogels from quaternary chitosan via an amino‐anhydride click reaction for efficient dye removal from aqueous solutions. POLYM ENG SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Hongliang Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Chunwang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Bingyan Hua
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
| | - Tao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou PR China
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Wei T, Ran T, Zhao W, Dai B. A Flocculation–Adsorption Self-Coupled System for Wastewater Treatment with the Aim of Water Reuse. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi832003, China
| | - Tingmin Ran
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi832003, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi832003, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi832003, China
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Design of Economical and Achievable Aluminum Carbon Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Protection of Aerospace. Gels 2022; 8:gels8080509. [PMID: 36005110 PMCID: PMC9407288 DOI: 10.3390/gels8080509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulation materials play an extremely important role in the thermal protection of aerospace vehicles. Here, aluminum carbon aerogels (AlCAs) are designed for the thermal protection of aerospace. Taking AlCA with a carbonization temperature of 800 °C (AlCA–800) as an example, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show an integrated three-dimensional porous frame structure in AlCA–800. In addition, the thermogravimetric test (TGA) reveals that the weight loss of AlCA–800 is only ca. 10%, confirming its desirable thermal stability. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of AlCA–800 ranges from 0.018 W m−1 K−1 to 0.041 W m−1 K−1, revealing an enormous potential for heat insulation applications. In addition, ANSYS numerical simulations are carried out on a composite structure to forecast the thermal protection ability of AlCA–800 acting as a thermal protection layer. The results uncover that the thermal protective performance of the AlCA–800 layer is outstanding, causing a 1185 K temperature drop of the structure surface that is exposed to a heat environment for ten minutes. Briefly, this work unveils a rational fabrication of the aluminum carbon composite aerogel and paves a new way for the efficient thermal protection materials of aerospace via the simple and economical design of the aluminum carbon aerogels under the guidance of ANSYS numerical simulation.
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LIU N, LI P, SUN M, QIN H, LI Y, LI J, LIU H, WU L. One-step rapid enrichment and detection of malachite green in aquaculture water based on metal-organic framework hydrogel. Se Pu 2022; 40:721-729. [PMID: 35903839 PMCID: PMC9404025 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2022.04019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Effect of Molar Substitution on the Properties of γ-Hydroxypropyl Starch. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072119. [PMID: 35408517 PMCID: PMC9000244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new type of hydroxyalkyl starch, γ-hydroxypropyl starch (γ-HPS), was prepared by etherification of alkali-activated starch with 3-chloropropanol. The reaction efficiency, morphological change, thermodynamic and apparent viscosity properties, and other physicochemical characteristics were described. The molar substitution (MS) of modified whole starch was determined to be 0.008, 0.017, 0.053, 0.106, and 0.178, with a ratio of 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 45% 3-chloropropanol to starch (v/w), respectively. Compared to native starch, the granular size and shape and the X-ray diffraction pattern of γ-HPS are not very different. For low-substituted γ-HPS, the implications may be less evident. Thermal stability measurements by means of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) proved that thermal stability was reduced and water retaining capacity was increased after hydroxypropylation. Furthermore, the findings also showed that the solubility, light transmittance, and retrogradation of γ-HPS pastes could be improved by etherification. The greater the MS of the γ-HPS, the more its freeze–thaw stability and acid resistivity increased. In this study, we provide relevant information for the application of γ-HPS in food and non-food industries.
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Liu XL, Zhu CF, Liu HC, Zhu JM. Quantitative analysis of degree of substitution/molar substitution of etherified polysaccharide derivatives. Des Monomers Polym 2022; 25:75-88. [PMID: 35341117 PMCID: PMC8956314 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2054118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the unique properties such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, availability from renewable resources, and cost-effectiveness, polysaccharides play a very important part in the science and technology field. The various chemically modified derivatives of these offer a wide range of high value-added in both food and non-food industries. Among the chemical modification, etherified polysaccharide is one of the most widespread derivatives by introducing an ether group which is commonly stable in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Hydroxyalkylation, alkylation, carboxymethylation, cationization, and cyanoethylation are some of the modifications commonly employed to prepare polysaccharides ethers derivatives. There also has been a growing tendency for creating new types of modification by combining the different means of chemical techniques. The correct determination of degree of substitution (DS)/molar substitution (MS) is crucially important. The objective of this article is to summarize developments in synthetic etherified polysaccharides, involving analytical methods for determination of MS/DS, measurement processes, and the associated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Han-Chun Liu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Anhui, China
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Chen Z, Song S, Ma J, Ling SD, Wang YD, Kong TT, Xu JH. Fabrication of magnetic core/shell hydrogels via microfluidics for controlled drug delivery. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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