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Hofmann LC, Strauss S, Shpigel M, Guttman L, Stengel DB, Rebours C, Gjorgovska N, Turan G, Balina K, Zammit G, Adams JMM, Ahsan U, Bartolo AG, Bolton JJ, Domingues R, Dürrani Ö, Eroldogan OT, Freitas A, Golberg A, Kremer KI, Marques F, Milia M, Steinhagen S, Sucu E, Vargas-Murga L, Zemah-Shamir S, Zemah-Shamir Z, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. The green seaweed Ulva: tomorrow's "wheat of the sea" in foods, feeds, nutrition, and biomaterials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-36. [PMID: 38979936 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2370489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Ulva, a genus of green macroalgae commonly known as sea lettuce, has long been recognized for its nutritional benefits for food and feed. As the demand for sustainable food and feed sources continues to grow, so does the interest in alternative, plant-based protein sources. With its abundance along coastal waters and high protein content, Ulva spp. have emerged as promising candidates. While the use of Ulva in food and feed has its challenges, the utilization of Ulva in other industries, including in biomaterials, biostimulants, and biorefineries, has been growing. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status, challenges and opportunities associated with using Ulva in food, feed, and beyond. Drawing on the expertise of leading researchers and industry professionals, it explores the latest knowledge on Ulva's nutritional value, processing methods, and potential benefits for human nutrition, aquaculture feeds, terrestrial feeds, biomaterials, biostimulants and biorefineries. In addition, it examines the economic feasibility of incorporating Ulva into aquafeed. Through its comprehensive and insightful analysis, including a critical review of the challenges and future research needs, this review will be a valuable resource for anyone interested in sustainable aquaculture and Ulva's role in food, feed, biomaterials, biostimulants and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C Hofmann
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | | | - Muki Shpigel
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Guttman
- The National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research, Eilat, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dagmar B Stengel
- Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Natasha Gjorgovska
- Institute of Animal Science and Fishery, University Ss Ciril and Methodius in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Gamze Turan
- Aquaculture Department, Fisheries Faculty, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Karina Balina
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Science and Innovative Technologies, Liepaja University, Liepaja, Latvia
| | - Gabrielle Zammit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Jessica M M Adams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Umair Ahsan
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Burdur Vocational School of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkiye
- Center for Agriculture, Livestock and Food Research, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkiye
| | | | - John J Bolton
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Rosário Domingues
- Department of Chemistry, Lipidomics Laboratory, Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ömerhan Dürrani
- Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Orhan Tufan Eroldogan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Andreia Freitas
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vila do Conde, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, R. D. Manuel II, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Department of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kira I Kremer
- Marine Biology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Francisca Marques
- Department of Chemistry, Lipidomics Laboratory, Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Massimo Milia
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sophie Steinhagen
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Ekin Sucu
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Liliana Vargas-Murga
- Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, Polytechnic School, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Shiri Zemah-Shamir
- School of Sustainability, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Herzliya, Israel
| | - Ziv Zemah-Shamir
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Dos Santos GS, de Souza TL, Teixeira TR, Brandão JPC, Santana KA, Barreto LHS, Cunha SDS, Dos Santos DCMB, Caffrey CR, Pereira NS, de Freitas Santos Júnior A. Seaweeds and Corals from the Brazilian Coast: Review on Biotechnological Potential and Environmental Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114285. [PMID: 37298760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has a megadiversity that includes marine species that are distributed along 800 km of shoreline. This biodiversity status holds promising biotechnological potential. Marine organisms are important sources of novel chemical species, with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical, and nutraceutical fields. However, ecological pressures derived from anthropogenic actions, including the bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements and microplastics, impact promising species. This review describes the current status of the biotechnological and environmental aspects of seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast, including publications from the last 5 years (from January 2018 to December 2022). The search was conducted in the main public databases (PubChem, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) and in the Espacenet database (European Patent Office-EPO) and the Brazilian National Property Institute (INPI). Bioprospecting studies were reported for seventy-one seaweed species and fifteen corals, but few targeted the isolation of compounds. The antioxidant potential was the most investigated biological activity. Despite being potential sources of macro- and microelements, there is a literature gap regarding the presence of potentially toxic elements and other emergent contaminants, such as microplastics, in seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Luz de Souza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Thaiz Rodrigues Teixeira
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Keila Almeida Santana
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Samantha de Souza Cunha
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Conor R Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natan Silva Pereira
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Aníbal de Freitas Santos Júnior
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
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Song R, Li W, Deng S, Zhao Y, Tao N. Assessment of lipid composition and eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid bioavailability in fish oil obtained through different enrichment methods. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1136490. [PMID: 36998903 PMCID: PMC10043196 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1136490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) lipid composition of fish oil obtained through enzymatic treatment, fractional distillation and silica gel column purification, and further assessed EPA/DHA bioavailability. Lipid subclass composition information was obtained through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS), and bioavailability tests were performed using the Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Results showed that enzymatic treatment improved the incorporation of EPA/DHA as diacylglycerol (DG) while silica gel column chromatography enriched the content of EPA/DHA as phosphatidylglycerol (PG) (12.58%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (4.99%). Furthermore, increasing the purity of EPA/DHA could improve its bioavailability and after 24 incubation, binding forms of triglyceride (TG) was superior to ethyl ester (EE) (p < 0.05) at the same purity level. Those findings are helpful to provide research basis for exploring the bioactivity of fish oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhen Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanggui Deng
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yueliang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningping Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ningping Tao,
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Wang R, Mohammadi M, Mahboubi A, Taherzadeh MJ. In-vitro digestion models: a critical review for human and fish and a protocol for in-vitro digestion in fish. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3040-3064. [PMID: 34187302 PMCID: PMC8806420 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1940769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive systems in human, animals, and fish are biological reactors and membranes to digest food and extract nutrients. Therefore, static and dynamic models of in-vitro digestion systems are developed to study e.g. novel food and feed before in-vivo studies. Such models are well developed for human, but not to the same extent for animals and fish. On the other hand, recent advances in aquaculture nutrition have created several potential fish meal replacements, and the assessment of their nutrient digestibility is critical in the application as a fish meal replacement. Using an in-vitro method, the assessment of an ingredient digestibility could be faster and less expensive compared to using an in-vivo experiment. An in-vitro method has been widely used to assess food nutrient digestibility for humans; however, its application for fish is still in the early stages. Both the human and fish as monogastric vertebrates share similar gastrointestinal systems; thus, the concept from the application for humans could be applied for fish. This review aims to improve the in-vitro digestion protocol for fish by adapting the concept from then study for humans, summarizing the current available in-vitro digestion model developed for human and fish in-vitro digestion study, identifying challenges specifically for fish required to be tackled and suggesting an engineering approach to adapt the human in-vitro gastrointestinal model to fish. Protocols to conduct in-vitro digestion study for fish are then proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Wang
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås. Sweden
| | - Mahtab Mohammadi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås. Sweden
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås. Sweden
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Shannon E, Conlon M, Hayes M. Seaweed Components as Potential Modulators of the Gut Microbiota. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:358. [PMID: 34201794 PMCID: PMC8303941 DOI: 10.3390/md19070358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae, or seaweeds, are a rich source of components which may exert beneficial effects on the mammalian gut microbiota through the enhancement of bacterial diversity and abundance. An imbalance of gut bacteria has been linked to the development of disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, hypertension, type-2-diabetes, obesity, and cancer. This review outlines current knowledge from in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the potential therapeutic application of seaweed-derived polysaccharides, polyphenols and peptides to modulate the gut microbiota through diet. Polysaccharides such as fucoidan, laminarin, alginate, ulvan and porphyran are unique to seaweeds. Several studies have shown their potential to act as prebiotics and to positively modulate the gut microbiota. Prebiotics enhance bacterial populations and often their production of short chain fatty acids, which are the energy source for gastrointestinal epithelial cells, provide protection against pathogens, influence immunomodulation, and induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The oral bioaccessibility and bioavailability of seaweed components is also discussed, including the advantages and limitations of static and dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal models versus ex vivo and in vivo methods. Seaweed bioactives show potential for use in prevention and, in some instances, treatment of human disease. However, it is also necessary to confirm these potential, therapeutic effects in large-scale clinical trials. Where possible, we have cited information concerning these trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emer Shannon
- Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Michael Conlon
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Maria Hayes
- Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
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