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Vitti A, Coviello L, Triunfo M, Guarnieri A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Falabella P, Nuzzaci M. In vitro antifungal activity and in vivo edible coating efficacy of insect-derived chitosan against Botrytis cinerea in strawberry. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135158. [PMID: 39214206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Strawberry is a perishable fruit, susceptible to development of rot by a range of fungi, in particular Botrytis cinerea. Chitosan represents an alternative to agrochemicals for improving shelf-life and fighting fungal pathogens. A chitosan-based coating derived from pupal exuviae of Hermetia illucens has been recently formulated for improving shelf-life of strawberry stored at 4 °C and mixed condition (4 °C and room temperature). The effects of a decolored (PEDEC) and not decolored (PEND) chitosan from the black soldier fly were evaluated and compared with commercial chitosans from crustaceans (CCs), in vitro and in vivo. An inhibition/reduction of fungal growth and a disturbance of normal fungal morphology were observed, being MIC of 0.5 mg mL-1 and 1 mg mL-1 and growth inhibition of 70 % and 4% for PEND and PEDEC, respectively. Both edible coatings distributed via aerograph showed equal or better potential application than CCs in controlling B. cinerea in strawberry post-harvest treated. Different effects for chitosans depended on their different molecular weight and deacetylation degree distributions, and the presence or absence of melanin pigments in their structure. PEND could act directly against the fungus, with effects predominantly associated with fungitoxic properties; PEDEC might principally provide viable alternatives, such as the elicitation of biochemical defense responses in fruits, for example through total phenols, in particular the flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Vitti
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Coviello
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Micaela Triunfo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Anna Guarnieri
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
| | - Maria Nuzzaci
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
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Lee H, Kim J, Myung S, Jung TG, Han DW, Kim B, Lee JC. Extraction of γ-chitosan from insects and fabrication of PVA/γ-chitosan/kaolin nanofiber wound dressings with hemostatic properties. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:77. [PMID: 38693438 PMCID: PMC11063014 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A nanofiber-based composite nonwoven fabric was fabricated for hemostatic wound dressing, integrating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), kaolin, and γ-chitosan extracted from three type of insects. The γ-chitosan extracted from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis exhibited the highest yield at 21.5%, and demonstrated the highest moisture-binding capacity at 535.6%. In the fabrication process of PVA/kaolin/γ-chitosan nonwoven fabrics, an electrospinning technique with needle-less and mobile spinneret was utilized, producing nanofibers with average diameters ranging from 172 to 277 nm. The PVA/kaolin/γ-chitosan nonwoven fabrics demonstrated enhanced biocompatibility, with cell survival rates under certain compositions reaching up to 86.9% (compared to 74.2% for PVA). Furthermore, the optimized fabric compositions reduced blood coagulation time by approximately 2.5-fold compared to PVA alone, highlighting their efficacy in hemostasis. In other words, the produced PVA/kaolin/γ-chitosan nonwoven fabrics offer potential applications as hemostatic wound dressings with excellent biocompatibility and improved hemostatic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakyong Lee
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyeong Kim
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwan Myung
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gon Jung
- Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Chungju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongju Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Chang Lee
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea.
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Tang Z, Luo J, Faqir Y, Zhang Y, Xue W, Zhao H, Jakhar AM, Tan C, Ma J. Berberine hydrochloride-loaded dung beetle chitosan/sodium alginate microspheres ameliorate DSS-induced colitis and regulate gut microorganisms in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128219. [PMID: 37981270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Berberine hydrochloride (BH) has long been known for its therapeutic efficacy. In the present study, we aimed to treat mice with colitis using dung beetle chitosan (DCS) -transported BH. To achieve this, BH-loaded DCS/sodium alginate microspheres (SA-DCS-BH) were prepared. The SA-DCS-BH was characterized using SEM, DLS, FT-IR, and XRD, then was used for administration and anti-inflammatory examination in mice. SEM and DLS confirmed the surface morphology of the microspheres, and the particle size was relatively uniform. FT-IR and XRD results confirmed that BH was successfully loaded. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that SA-DCS-BH had slow-release ability. After treatment with SA-DCS-BH, DAI was significantly reduced, colon weight and length increased, spleen length and weight reduced, concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissues were reduced, and gut microbiota species abundance was modulated. In addition, this study found a correlation between specific microbes and colitis indicators, Muribaculaceae showed sequential growth after receiving BH, SA-CS-BH, and SA-DCS-BH treatments, respectively. It was concluded that SA-DCS-BH effectively delivered the BH to the intestine with slow-release ability and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by immune response. Compared to commercial chitosan, DCS has potential for modulating intestinal microorganisms and more suitable carrier for intestinal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Tang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiali Luo
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yahya Faqir
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wenqian Xue
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ali Murad Jakhar
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Chengjia Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Jiahua Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Resource Utilization and Modification of Sichuan Province, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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Faqir Y, Chai Y, Jakhar AM, Luo T, Liao S, Kalhoro MT, Tan C, Sajid S, Hu S, Luo J, Liu S, Umer N, Ma J. Chitosan microspheres-based controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers improve the biological characteristics of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis and the soil. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127124. [PMID: 37776931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Present study investigates the impact of chitosan microspheres-based controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (Cm-CRNFs) on biological characteristics of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (Chinese cabbage) and soil. The study was carried out under various four treatments, urea (0.8033 g), blank chitosan microspheres (without urea), Cm-CRNFs (0.8033 g), and a control group (CK). The results indicated that Cm-CRNFs significantly prolonged the nitrogen release and enhanced the plant shoot length, shoot diameter, number of branches, pods, total amino acids, and vitamin C of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis as well as increased the soil nutrient availability. Chao index of bacterial diversity analysis showed a significant reduction of 15.89 % in Cm-CRNFs, but the Shannon index value in Cm-CRNFs was increased by 23.55 % compared to CK. Furthermore, Cm-CRNFs treatment significantly influenced genus richness level of Arthrobacter, Archangium, Bacillus, and Flavihumibacter. Moreover, relative abundance of bacteria significantly enhanced Cm-CRNFs, including Acidobacteriota, Acitinobacteriota, Cloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, and Patescibacteria. Soil enzyme activity such as: urease, acid phosphatase, and catalase enzymes in Cm-CRNFs and urea treatment significantly increased. Besides, other enzymes such as: cellulase and β-glucosidase activity decreased in the Cm-CRNFs treatment. It was concluded that Cm-CRNFs potentially prolonged discharge of micro/macronutrients and improved soil bacterial diversity, which ultimately enhanced the soil fertility and improved the soil enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Faqir
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yunlong Chai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ali Murad Jakhar
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76060, Pakistan
| | - Tong Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Shiyu Liao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Mohammad Talib Kalhoro
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Chengjia Tan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Sumbal Sajid
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Binhai 2nd Road, Shenzhen 518120, PR China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiali Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Niaz Umer
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiahua Ma
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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Abenaim L, Conti B. Chitosan as a Control Tool for Insect Pest Management: A Review. INSECTS 2023; 14:949. [PMID: 38132623 PMCID: PMC10744275 DOI: 10.3390/insects14120949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from the deacetylation of chitin, is a versatile and eco-friendly biopolymer with several applications. Chitosan is recognized for its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, beyond its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumoral activities. Thanks to its properties, chitosan is used in many fields including medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics, textile, nutrition, and agriculture. This review focuses on chitosan's role as a tool in insect pest control, particularly for agriculture, foodstuff, and public health pests. Different formulations, including plain chitosan, chitosan coating, chitosan with nematodes, chitosan's modifications, and chitosan nanoparticles, are explored. Biological assays using these formulations highlighted the use of chitosan-essential oil nanoparticles as an effective tool for pest control, due to their enhanced mobility and essential oils' prolonged release over time. Chitosan's derivatives with alkyl, benzyl, and acyl groups showed good activity against insect pests due to improved solubility and enhanced activity compared to plain chitosan. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide the reader with updated information concerning the use and potential applications of chitosan formulations as pest control tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Abenaim
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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Hamdan YA, Elouali S, Eladlani N, Lefeuvre B, Oudadesse H, Rhazi M. Investigation on Akis granulifera (Coleoptera, Sahlberg, 1823) as a potential source of chitin and chitosan: Extraction, characterization and hydrogel formation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126292. [PMID: 37573901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The majority of studies have focused on the industrial exploitation of marine fisheries waste through the production of natural bioactive bioploymeres such as chitin and chitosan. However, in recent years, beetles are increasingly attracting the interest of scientists as a source of chitin and chitosan for the preparation of hydrogels for sustainable engineering development. In the present work, we focus on the study for the first time a new Moroccan species of beetle (Akis granulifera Sahlberg, 1823), for the extraction of chitin and the elaboration of chitosan. A chemical extraction process was used. Then, physicochemical characterizations by FT-IR, SEM, XRD, 1H NMR, TGA/DSC, Potentiometry, Viscosimetry, and elemental analysis were performed. In addition, to evaluate its physicochemical quality, the elaborated chitosan is combined with alginate to form a hydrogel. This hydrogel was effectively characterized by SEM, DRX and FTIR to show the potential of chitosan from Akis granulifera in biomaterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ait Hamdan
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco; Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Samia Elouali
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Nadia Eladlani
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco.
| | | | | | - Mohammed Rhazi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, 4000 Marrakech, Morocco
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Li M, Mao C, Li X, Jiang L, Zhang W, Li M, Liu H, Fang Y, Liu S, Yang G, Hou X. Edible Insects: A New Sustainable Nutritional Resource Worth Promoting. Foods 2023; 12:4073. [PMID: 38002131 PMCID: PMC10670618 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible insects are a highly nutritious source of protein and are enjoyed by people all over the world. Insects contain various other nutrients and beneficial compounds, such as lipids, vitamins and minerals, chitin, phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial peptides, which contribute to good health. The practice of insect farming is far more resource-efficient compared to traditional agriculture and animal husbandry, requiring less land, energy, and water, and resulting in a significantly lower carbon footprint. In fact, insects are 12 to 25 times more efficient than animals in converting low-protein feed into protein. When it comes to protein production per unit area, insect farming only requires about one-eighth of the land needed for beef production. Moreover, insect farming generates minimal waste, as insects can consume food and biomass that would otherwise go to waste, contributing to a circular economy that promotes resource recycling and reuse. Insects can be fed with agricultural waste, such as unused plant stems and food scraps. Additionally, the excrement produced by insects can be used as fertilizer for crops, completing the circular chain. Despite the undeniable sustainability and nutritional benefits of consuming insects, widespread acceptance of incorporating insects into our daily diets still has a long way to go. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the nutritional value of edible insects, the development of farming and processing technologies, and the problems faced in the marketing of edible insect products and insect foods to improve the reference for how people choose edible insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (M.L.); (Y.F.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Chengjuan Mao
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Xin Li
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Mengying Li
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Huixue Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (M.L.); (Y.F.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (M.L.); (Y.F.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (M.L.); (Y.F.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (M.L.); (Y.F.); (S.L.); (G.Y.)
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- College of Marine Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (C.M.); (X.L.); (L.J.); (W.Z.); (M.L.)
- Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Esparza-Flores EE, Cardoso FD, Siquiera LB, Santagapita PR, Hertz PF, Rodrigues RC. Genipin crosslinked porous chitosan beads as robust supports for β-galactosidase immobilization: Characterization, stability, and bioprocessing potential. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126234. [PMID: 37567531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to modify the porosity of chitosan beads using Na2CO3 as a porogen agent and to crosslink them with genipin for the immobilization of β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Immobilization was performed under four different pH conditions (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0), resulting in biocatalysts named B4, B6, B7, and B9, respectively. The immobilized enzymes were characterized for immobilization parameters and stability, including thermal, pH, storage, and operational stability. The optimal conditions for the support were determined as 50 mM Na2CO3. The biocatalyst exhibited nearly 100 % retention of initial activity after 5 h of incubation at different pH conditions and showed improved thermal stability compared to the free enzyme across all pH conditions. After 50 cycles of lactose hydrolysis, all biocatalysts retained at least 71 % of their initial activity, with B6 retaining nearly 100 %. Scanning electron microscopy revealed structural modifications, particularly in B4, leading to weakened support structure after reuse. Continuous lactose hydrolysis showed increased productivity from 41.3 to 48.1 g L-1 h-1 for B6, with 78.1 % retention of initial capacity. All biocatalysts retained >95 % activity when stored at 4 °C for 20 weeks, highlighting their suitability for enzyme immobilization in continuous and discontinuous bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elí Emanuel Esparza-Flores
- Enzymology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dias Cardoso
- Enzymology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larisa Bertoldo Siquiera
- Enzymology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patricio R Santagapita
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica & CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Plinho F Hertz
- Enzymology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Rodrigues
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, P. O. Box 15090, ZC 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Egorov AR, Kirichuk AA, Rubanik VV, Rubanik VV, Tskhovrebov AG, Kritchenkov AS. Chitosan and Its Derivatives: Preparation and Antibacterial Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6076. [PMID: 37763353 PMCID: PMC10532898 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive review illuminates the various methods of chitosan extraction, its antibacterial properties, and its multifarious applications in diverse sectors. We delve into chemical, physical, biological, hybrid, and green extraction techniques, each of which presents unique advantages and disadvantages. The choice of method is dictated by multiple variables, including the desired properties of chitosan, resource availability, cost, and environmental footprint. We explore the intricate relationship between chitosan's antibacterial activity and its properties, such as cationic density, molecular weight, water solubility, and pH. Furthermore, we spotlight the burgeoning applications of chitosan-based materials like films, nanoparticles, nonwoven materials, and hydrogels across the food, biomedical, and agricultural sectors. The review concludes by highlighting the promising future of chitosan, underpinned by technological advancements and growing sustainability consciousness. However, the critical challenges of optimizing chitosan's production for sustainability and efficiency remain to be tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton R. Egorov
- Department of Human Ecology and Biolementology, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.E.); (A.A.K.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Anatoly A. Kirichuk
- Department of Human Ecology and Biolementology, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.E.); (A.A.K.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Vasili V. Rubanik
- Institute of Technical Acoustics NAS of Belarus, Ludnikova Prosp. 13, 210009 Vitebsk, Belarus; (V.V.R.); (V.V.R.J.)
| | - Vasili V. Rubanik
- Institute of Technical Acoustics NAS of Belarus, Ludnikova Prosp. 13, 210009 Vitebsk, Belarus; (V.V.R.); (V.V.R.J.)
| | - Alexander G. Tskhovrebov
- Department of Human Ecology and Biolementology, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.E.); (A.A.K.); (A.G.T.)
| | - Andreii S. Kritchenkov
- Department of Human Ecology and Biolementology, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.E.); (A.A.K.); (A.G.T.)
- Institute of Technical Acoustics NAS of Belarus, Ludnikova Prosp. 13, 210009 Vitebsk, Belarus; (V.V.R.); (V.V.R.J.)
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10
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Ramasamy P, Dubal SV, Jeyachandran S, Pitchiah S, Kannan K, Elangovan D, Thangadurai T, Paramasivam S, Selvin J. Control and prevention of microbially influenced corrosion using cephalopod chitosan and its derivatives: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124924. [PMID: 37217051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of metals is an important industrial problem, causing 300-500 billion dollars of economic loss worldwide each year. It is very challenging to prevent or control the MIC in the marine environment. Eco-friendly coatings embedded with corrosion inhibitors developed from natural products may be a successful approach for MIC prevention or control. As a natural renewable resource, cephalopod chitosan has a number of unique biological properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal and non-toxicity effects, which attract scientific and industrial interests for potential applications. Chitosan is a positively charged molecule, and the negatively charged bacterial cell wall is the target of its antimicrobial action. Chitosan binds to the bacterial cell wall and disrupts the normal functions of the membrane by, for example, facilitating the leakage of intracellular components and impeding the transport of nutrients into the cells. Interestingly, chitosan is an excellent film-forming polymer. Chitosan may be applied as an antimicrobial coating substance for the prevention or control of MIC. Furthermore, the antimicrobial chitosan coating can serve as a basal matrix, in which other antimicrobial or anticorrosive substances like chitosan nanoparticles, chitosan silver nanoparticles, quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) or the combination of these compounds, can be embedded to achieve synergistic anticorrosive effects. A combination of field and laboratory experiments will be conducted to test this hypothesis for preventing or controlling MIC in the marine environment. Thus, the proposed review will identify new eco-friendly MIC inhibitors and will assay their potential in future applications in the anti-corrosion industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasiyappazham Ramasamy
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sakshee Vijay Dubal
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivaperumal Pitchiah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kamala Kannan
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dilipan Elangovan
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thinesh Thangadurai
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Sivagurunathan Paramasivam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joseph Selvin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
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11
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Drago E, Campardelli R, Lagazzo A, Firpo G, Perego P. Improvement of Natural Polymeric Films Properties by Blend Formulation for Sustainable Active Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092231. [PMID: 37177377 PMCID: PMC10180553 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Active packaging manufactured with biopolymers extracted from agri-food waste is one of the most innovative and eco-sustainable strategies for maintaining food quality. However, biopolymers often present poor performances, which hinders their competitiveness compared with plastics. This work focused on developing and optimizing a natural polymeric blend produced by solvent casting based on zein and chitosan to improve the pure biopolymers' properties. The best results were obtained by blending zein and chitosan in a 1:2 weight ratio. The films were characterized in terms of morphology, mechanical and oxygen barrier properties, thermal stability, transparency and wettability. The blend production allowed us to obtain lower brittleness and lower stiffness materials compared with pure polymer films, with oxygen permeability values two orders of magnitude lower than pure zein, better optical properties with respect to pure chitosan and good thermal stability. The wettability properties of the blend did not result in being altered with respect to the single polymer, which was found to have hydrophilic behavior, highlighting the strong influence of glycerol used as a plasticizer. The results suggested that the polymer blending strategy is a viable and cost-effective method for producing packaging materials as alternatives to plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Drago
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), Polytechnic School, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Campardelli
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), Polytechnic School, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Lagazzo
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), Polytechnic School, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Firpo
- Department of Physics, Nanomed Lab, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Perego
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), Polytechnic School, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
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12
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Recent progressions in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of chitosan nanoparticles: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123354. [PMID: 36681228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the most common approaches in the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases are along with undeniable limitations. Thus, the ever-increasing need for using biocompatible natural materials and novel practical modalities is required. Applying biomaterials, such as chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs: FDA-approved long-chain polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine and D-glucosamine for some pharmaceutical applications), can serve as an appropriate alternative to overcome these limitations. Recently, the biomedical applications of CS NPs have extensively been investigated. These NPs and their derivatives can not only prepare through different physical and chemical approaches but also modify with various molecules and bioactive materials. The potential properties of CS NPs, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, serum stability, solubility, non-immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory properties, appropriate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and so forth, have made them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. Therefore, CS NPs have efficiently applied for various biomedical applications, like regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, biosensors for the detection of microorganisms, and drug delivery systems (DDS) for the suppression of diseases. These NPs possess a high level of biosafety. In summary, CS NPs have the potential ability for biomedical and clinical applications, and it would be remarkably beneficial to develop new generations of CS-based material for the future of medicine.
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13
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Integrating omics and network pharmacology reveals the anti-constipation role of chitosan with different molecular weights in constipated mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123930. [PMID: 36889616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the constipation-relieving role of chitosan (COS) with different molecular weights (1 kDa, 3 kDa and 244 kDa). Compared with COS3K (3 kDa) and COS240K (244 kDa), COS1K (1 kDa) more significantly accelerated gastrointestinal transit and defecation frequency. These differential effects were reflected in the regulation of specific gut microbiota (Desulfovibrio, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Anaerovorax) and short-chain fatty acids (propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid). RNA-sequencing found that the differential expressed genes (DEGs) caused by different molecular weights of COS were mainly enriched in intestinal immune-related pathways, especially cell adhesion molecules. Furthermore, network pharmacology revealed two candidate genes (Clu and Igf2), which can be regarded as the key molecules for the differential anti-constipation effects of COS with different molecular weights. These results were further verified by qPCR. In conclusion, our results provide a novel research strategy to help understand the differences in the anti-constipation effects of chitosan with different molecular weights.
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14
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Wang S, Zhang J, Cui Y, Li T, Pan L, Li K, Wang L, Zhu Z. Trichoderma asperellum as a novel source to prepare chitooligosaccharides by enzymatic hydrolysis and its antimicrobial activity. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023. [PMID: 36625479 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS), an important biological functional component, are mainly extracted from marine products, but its raw materials are currently facing challenges such as marine resources pollution and demineralization. This study aimed to explore Trichoderma asperellum as a novel source to prepare COS. The COS were prepared by the enzymatic degradation of chitosan from T. asperellum, and single factor experiment and orthogonal designs were used to optimize the enzymatic conditions for the preparation of COS. The composition of COS was performed by thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that the degree of deacetylation of T. asperellum chitosan was 87.59%, and its enzymatic hydrolysis yield was 89.37 % under optimized extraction conditions. Moreover, the composition of COS in T. asperellum included chitotriose, chitopentaose, and chitohexaose. Compared with shrimp shells, COS prepared from T. asperellum showed stronger antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella bacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yidan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lichao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Liuya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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15
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Investigation of biomechanical characteristics of novel chitosan from dung beetle and its application potential on stored tomato fruit. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Protective, Biostimulating, and Eliciting Effects of Chitosan and Its Derivatives on Crop Plants. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092801. [PMID: 35566152 PMCID: PMC9101998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable and biocompatible polysaccharide obtained by partial deacetylation of chitin. This polymer has been gaining increasing popularity due to its natural origin, favorable physicochemical properties, and multidirectional bioactivity. In agriculture, the greatest hopes are raised by the possibility of using chitosan as a biostimulant, a plant protection product, an elicitor, or an agent to increase the storage stability of plant raw materials. The most important properties of chitosan include induction of plant defense mechanisms and regulation of metabolic processes. Additionally, it has antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activity. The effectiveness of chitosan interactions is determined by its origin, deacetylation degree and acetylation pattern, molecular weight, type of chemical modifications, pH, concentration, and solubility. There is a need to conduct research on alternative sources of chitosan, extraction methods, optimization of physicochemical properties, and commercial implementation of scientific progress outcomes in this field. Moreover, studies are necessary to assess the bioactivity and toxicity of chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan conjugates with other substances and to evaluate the consequences of the large-scale use thereof. This review presents the unique properties of chitosan and its derivatives that have the greatest importance for plant production and yield quality as well as the benefits and limitations of their application.
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