1
|
Ye Z, Shentu H, Zhou Q, Wu D, Li P, Gu Q. A novel bacteriocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, purified from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZFM9. Food Chem 2024; 451:139344. [PMID: 38663238 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
A novel bacteriocin, plantaricin ZFM9, was purified from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZFM9 using a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, XAD-2 macroporous resin, Sephadex G-50, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular mass of plantaricin ZFM9 was 1151.606 Da, and the purity was 98.3%. Plantaricin ZFM9 has thermal stability (95.6% retention at 120 °C for 30 min), pH stability (pH ≤ 5), and sensitivity to the pepsin, trypsin, papain, and proteinase K. Plantaricin ZFM9 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and notably inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus D48 (MRSA). According to the results of electron microscopy and fluorescence leakage assay, it was found that plantaricin ZFM9 caused damage to the cells membrane and leakage of the contents of S. aureus D48. In addition, Lipid II was not the anti-MRSA target of plantaricin ZFM9. This study underscores the potential of plantaricin ZFM9 for applications in the food field and biopharmaceuticals against MRSA infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongdu Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huifei Shentu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Danli Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ping Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Nutritional Health, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jena R, Choudhury PK. Bifidobacteria in Fermented Dairy Foods: A Health Beneficial Outlook. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10189-w. [PMID: 37979040 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10189-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria, frequently present in the human gastrointestinal tract, play a crucial role in preserving gut health and are mostly recognized as beneficial probiotic microorganisms. They are associated with fermenting complex carbohydrates, resulting in the production of short-chain fatty acids, bioactive peptides, exopolysaccharides, and vitamins, which provide energy and contribute to gut homeostasis. In light of these findings, research in food processing technologies has harnessed probiotic bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria for the formulation of a wide range of fermented dairy products, ensuring their maximum survival and contributing to the development of distinctive quality characteristics and therapeutic benefits. Despite the increased interest in probiotic dairy products, introducing bifidobacteria into the dairy food chain has proved to be complicated. However, survival of Bifidobacterium species is conditioned by strain of bacteria used, metabolic interactions with lactic acid bacteria (LAB), fermentation parameters, and the temperature of storage and preservation of the dairy products. Furthermore, fortification of dairy foods and whey beverages with bifidobacteria have ability to change physicochemical and rheological properties beyond economic value of dairy products. In summary, this review underscores the significance of bifidobacteria as probiotics in diverse fermented dairy foods and accentuates their positive impact on human health. By enhancing our comprehension of the beneficial repercussions associated with the consumption of bifidobacteria-rich products, we aim to encourage individuals to embrace these probiotics as a means of promoting holistic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Jena
- Department of Dairy Technology, School of Agricultural and Bioengineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, 761211, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Choudhury
- Department of Dairy Technology, School of Agricultural and Bioengineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha, 761211, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu D, Pei Z, Chen Y, Wang H, Xiao Y, Zhang H, Chen W, Lu W. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis as widespread bacteriocin gene clusters carrier stands out among the Bifidobacterium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0097923. [PMID: 37681950 PMCID: PMC10537742 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00979-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium is the dominant genus, particularly in the intestinal tract niche of healthy breast-fed infants, and many of these strains have been proven to elicit positive effects on infant development. In addition to its effective antimicrobial activity against detrimental microorganisms, it helps to improve the intestinal microbiota balance. The isolation and identification of bacteriocins from Bifidobacterium have been limited since the mid-1980s, leading to an underestimation of its ability for bacteriocin production. Here, we employed a silicon-based search strategy to mine 354 putative bacteriocin gene clusters (BGCs), most of which have never been reported, from the genomes of 759 Bifidobacterium strains distributed across 9 species. Consistent with previous reports, most Bifidobacterium strains did not carry or carry only a single BGC; however, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, in contrast to other Bifidobacterium species, carried numerous BGCs, including lanthipeptides, lasso peptides, thiopeptides, and class IId bacteriocins. The antimicrobial activity of the crude bacteriocins and transcription analysis confirmed its potential for bacteriocin biosynthesis. Additionally, we investigated the association of bacteriocins with the phylogenetic positions of their homologs from other genera and niches. In conclusion, this study re-examines a few Bifidobacterium species traditionally regarded as a poor source of bacteriocins. These bacteriocin genes impart a competitive advantage to Bifidobacterium in colonizing the infant intestinal tract. IMPORTANCE Development of the human gut microbiota commences from birth, with bifidobacteria being among the first colonizers of the newborn intestinal tract and dominating it for a considerable period. To date, the genetic basis for the successful adaptation of bifidobacteria to this particular niche remains unclear since studies have mainly focused on glycoside hydrolase and adhesion-related genes. Bacteriocins are competitive factors that help producers maintain colonization advantages without destroying the niche balance; however, they have rarely been reported in Bifidobacterium. The advancement in sequencing methods and bacteriocin databases enables the use of a silicon-based search strategy for the comprehensive and rapid re-evaluation of the bacteriocin distribution of Bifidobacterium. Our study revealed that B. infantis carries abundant bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters for the first time, presenting new evidence regarding the competitive interactions of Bifidobacterium in the infant intestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangming Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yutao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Erinle TJ, Boulianne M, Adewole D. Red osier dogwood extract vs. trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (Part 2). Pharmacodynamic effects on ileal and cecal microbiota of broiler chickens challenged orally with Salmonella Enteritidis. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102550. [PMID: 36854216 PMCID: PMC9982684 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the subsisting restrictions on the use of antibiotics in poultry production, the use of plant extracts has shown some promising antimicrobial capacity similar to antibiotics; however, such capacity is largely dependent on their total polyphenol concentration and profile. Given the emerging antimicrobial potential of red osier dogwood (ROD) extract, the study aimed to investigate the pharmacodynamic effect of ROD extract on the ileal and cecal microbiota of broiler chickens challenged orally with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). A 21 d 4 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted based on 2 main factors, including diets and SE challenge. A total of 384 one-day-old mixed-sex Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments; Negative control (NC), NC + 0.075 mg trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (TMP/SDZ)/kg of diet, and NC containing either 0.3 or 0.5% ROD extract. On d 1, half of the birds were orally challenged with 0.5 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (Noninfected group) and the remaining half with 0.5 mL of 3.1 × 105 CFU/mL SE (Infected group). Dietary treatments were randomly assigned to 8 replicate cages at 6 birds/cage. On d 21, 10 birds/treatment were euthanized and eviscerated to collect ileal and cecal digesta for gut microbiota analysis. The ileal and cecal microbiota was dominated by phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota. The SE infection decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota in the ileum and ceca, respectively, however, it increased (P < 0.05) Proteobacteria in the ceca. Both 0.3 and 0.5% ROD extracts (P < 0.05) depressed the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in the ileum but marginally improved (P < 0.05) it in the ceca compared to the TMP/SDZ treatment. Dietary TMP/SDZ increased (P < 0.05) genus Bifidobacterium at the ileal and cecal segments compared to other treatments. Dietary 0.3 and 0.5% marginally improved (P < 0.05) Bifidobacterium in the ceca and depressed (P < 0.05) Weissella and was comparably similar to TMP/SDZ in the ileum. Regardless of the dietary treatments and SE infection, alpha diversity differed (P < 0.05) between ileal and cecal microbiota. Beta diversity was distinct (P < 0.05) in both ileal and cecal digesta along the SE infection model. Conclusively, both ROD extract levels yielded a pharmacodynamic effect similar to antibiotics on ileal and cecal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo J. Erinle
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Martine Boulianne
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Deborah Adewole
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Darbandi A, Asadi A, Mahdizade Ari M, Ohadi E, Talebi M, Halaj Zadeh M, Darb Emamie A, Ghanavati R, Kakanj M. Bacteriocins: Properties and potential use as antimicrobials. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 36:e24093. [PMID: 34851542 PMCID: PMC8761470 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of bacteriocins originate from lactic acid bacteria, which have recently been modified by scientists. Many strains of lactic acid bacteria related to food groups could produce bacteriocins or antibacterial proteins highly effective against foodborne pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Clostridium botulinum. A wide range of bacteria belonging primarily to the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have been characterized with different health‐promoting attributes. Extensive studies and in‐depth understanding of these antimicrobials mechanisms of action could enable scientists to determine their production in specific probiotic lactic acid bacteria, as they are potentially crucial for the final preservation of functional foods or for medicinal applications. In this review study, the structure, classification, mode of operation, safety, and antibacterial properties of bacteriocins as well as their effect on foodborne pathogens and antibiotic‐resistant bacteria were extensively studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mahdizade Ari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Ohadi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoume Halaj Zadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Darb Emamie
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Kakanj
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, MOH&ME, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mahdi LH, Laftah AR, Yaseen KH, Auda IG, Essa RH. Establishing novel roles of bifidocin LHA, antibacterial, antibiofilm and immunomodulator against Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal infection model. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:433-444. [PMID: 34171261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bifidocin LHA, a novel bacteriocin, was extracted from bee honey B. adolescentis and purified. Bifidocin LHA was characterized as a protein in nature, without lipid or carbohydrate moieties, the molecular weight was 16,000 Da protein, heat-stable and active at a wide range of pH values, bactericidal effect, detergent, and solvents did not affect bifidocin activity and can be classified as type II bacteriocin. In vitro, the antibacterial activity of purified bifidocin LHA was significantly higher than crude bifidocin LHA (P < 0.05) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The antibiofilm activity of bifidocin LHA was significantly higher than the antibiofilm activity of Amikacin (P < 0.05). In vivo, bifidocin LHA demonstrates a significant decreased in the number of P. aeruginosa in the eye, while complete clearance of P. aeruginosa comparing with the control (P < 0.05) when treating with Bifidobacterium adolescentis and bifidocin LHA together. Bifidobacterium adolescentis and bifidocin LHA treatment together induced substantial elevation of IL10 and IL-12 concentrations (P < 0.01) that helped to prevent damage caused by the inflammatory response. Succeeded to eradicate P. aeruginosa infection improved by histological patterns of the eye tissues. This study indicated Bifidobacterium adolescentis and bifidocin LHA consider as crucial strategies for the practical treatment of eye infection in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Likaa H Mahdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriya University, Iraq.
| | - Ali R Laftah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriya University, Iraq
| | - Kadhim H Yaseen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriya University, Iraq
| | | | - Rajwa H Essa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriya University, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Balandin SV, Sheremeteva EV, Ovchinnikova TV. Pediocin-Like Antimicrobial Peptides of Bacteria. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:464-478. [PMID: 31234762 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791905002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are bacterial antimicrobial peptides that, unlike classical peptide antibiotics, are products of ribosomal synthesis and usually have a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity against species closely related to the producers. Pediocin-like bacteriocins (PLBs) belong to the class IIa of the bacteriocins of Gram-positive bacteria. PLBs possess high activity against pathogenic bacteria from Listeria and Enterococcus genera. Molecular target for PLBs is a membrane protein complex - bacterial mannose-phosphotransferase. PLBs can be synthesized by components of symbiotic microflora and participate in the maintenance of homeostasis in various compartments of the digestive tract and on the surface of epithelial tissues contacting the external environment. PLBs could give a rise to a new group of antibiotics of narrow spectrum of activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S V Balandin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - E V Sheremeteva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - T V Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Azevedo PODS, Converti A, Gierus M, Oliveira RPDS. Antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance produced by Pediococcus pentosaceus: from shake flasks to bioreactor. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 46:461-469. [PMID: 30448894 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are peptides produced by various species of bacteria, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have a large spectrum of action against spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens. However, when not entirely characterized, they are alternatively called bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS). Pediococcus pentosaceus ATCC 43200 grew and produced BLIS optimally when cultivated anaerobically in bioreactor for 24 h at 30 °C and 200 rpm in De Man, Rogosa and Sharp (MRS) medium supplemented with 1.5% peptone. Under such optimal conditions, the cell mass concentration (3.41 g/L) was 66% higher, the generation time (1.28 h) 38% shorter and the BLIS activity against different indicator strains significantly higher than in MRS medium without any supplement taken as a control, and the exponential phase started 4 h before. The agar diffusion method showed BLIS inhibition halos against LAB strains with diameter in the range 11.0-19.5 mm and specific areas between 377.1 and 2654.6 mm2/mL, while BLIS activity against Listeria strains was better quantified by the liquid medium assay that showed, for the fermented broth without any dilution, 100 and 50% inhibition of Listeria innocua and Listeria seeligeri growth, respectively. These results highlight the potential of P. pentosaceus BLIS as a natural antimicrobial for application in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145, Genoa, Italy
| | - Martin Gierus
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Livestock Products, and Nutrition Physiology (TTE), IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jamaluddin N, Stuckey DC, Ariff AB, Faizal Wong FW. Novel approaches to purifying bacteriocin: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2453-2465. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1328658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norfariza Jamaluddin
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - David C. Stuckey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Arbakariya B. Ariff
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fadzlie Wong Faizal Wong
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu G, Ren G, Zhao L, Cheng L, Wang C, Sun B. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of bifidocin A against Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Anaerobic Probiotics: The Key Microbes for Human Health. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 156:397-431. [PMID: 26907552 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human gastrointestinal microbiota (HGIM) incorporate a large number of microbes from different species. Anaerobic bacteria are the dominant organisms in this microbial consortium and play a crucial role in human health. In addition to their functional role as the main source of many essential metabolites for human health, they are considered as biotherapeutic agents in the regulation of different human metabolites. They are also important in the prevention and in the treatment of different physical and mental diseases. Bifidobacteria are the dominant anaerobic bacteria in HGIM and are widely used in the development of probiotic products for infants, children and adults. To develop bifidobacteria-based bioproducts, therefore, it is necessary to develop a large-scale biomass production platform based on a good understanding of the ideal medium and bioprocessing parameters for their growth and viability. In addition, high cell viability should be maintained during downstream processing and storage of probiotic cell powder or the final formulated product. In this work we review the latest information about the biology, therapeutic activities, cultivation and industrial production of bifidobacteria.
Collapse
|
12
|
Balciunas EM, Al Arni S, Converti A, Leblanc JG, Oliveira RPDS. Production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) byBifidobacterium lactisusing whey as a substrate. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Marcos Balciunas
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of São Paulo; Av. Lineu Prestes 580 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Saleh Al Arni
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Kind Saudi University; P.O. Box 800 11421 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Genoa University; Pole of Chemical Engineering; Via Opera Pia 15 Genoa Italy
| | - Jean Guy Leblanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacillus (CERELA-CONICET); Chacabuco 145 San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of São Paulo; Av. Lineu Prestes 580 São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance by Bifidobacterium lactis in skim milk supplemented with additives. J DAIRY RES 2015; 82:350-5. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022029915000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are natural compounds used as food biopreservatives instead of chemical preservatives. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bifid. lactis) was shown to produce a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) able to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes selected as an indicator microorganism. To enhance this production by the strain Bifid. lactis BL 04, skim milk (SM) was used as a fermentation medium either in the presence or in the absence of yeast extract, Tween 80 or inulin as stimulating additives, and the results in terms of bacterial growth and BLIS production were compared with those obtained in a traditional high cost complex medium such as Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS). To this purpose, all the cultivations were carried out in flasks at 200 rpm under anaerobic conditions ensured by a nitrogen flowrate of 1·0 L/min for 48 h, and BLIS production was quantified by means of a modified agar diffusion assay at low values of both temperature and concentration of List. monocytogenes. Although all these ingredients were shown to exert positive influence on BLIS production in both media, yeast extract and SM were by far the best ingredient and the best medium, respectively, allowing for a BLIS production at the late exponential phase of 2000 AU/ml.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu G, Ren L, Song Z, Wang C, Sun B. Purification and characteristics of bifidocin A, a novel bacteriocin produced by Bifidobacterium animals BB04 from centenarians' intestine. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Shahid riaz M, Shaheen T, Batool N, Saleem S, Hayat F. Lactic acid bacteria as probiotic candidate and their application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15412/j.jbtw.01041202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
16
|
Lewis ZT, Totten SM, Smilowitz JT, Popovic M, Parker E, Lemay DG, Van Tassell ML, Miller MJ, Jin YS, German JB, Lebrilla CB, Mills DA. Maternal fucosyltransferase 2 status affects the gut bifidobacterial communities of breastfed infants. MICROBIOME 2015; 3:13. [PMID: 25922665 PMCID: PMC4412032 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-015-0071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with inactive alleles of the fucosyltransferase 2 gene (FUT2; termed the 'secretor' gene) are common in many populations. Some members of the genus Bifidobacterium, common infant gut commensals, are known to consume 2'-fucosylated glycans found in the breast milk of secretor mothers. We investigated the effects of maternal secretor status on the developing infant microbiota with a special emphasis on bifidobacterial species abundance. RESULTS On average, bifidobacteria were established earlier and more often in infants fed by secretor mothers than in infants fed by non-secretor mothers. In secretor-fed infants, the relative abundance of the Bifidobacterium longum group was most strongly correlated with high percentages of the order Bifidobacteriales. Conversely, in non-secretor-fed infants, Bifidobacterium breve was positively correlated with Bifidobacteriales, while the B. longum group was negatively correlated. A higher percentage of bifidobacteria isolated from secretor-fed infants consumed 2'-fucosyllactose. Infant feces with high levels of bifidobacteria had lower milk oligosaccharide levels in the feces and higher amounts of lactate. Furthermore, feces containing different bifidobacterial species possessed differing amounts of oligosaccharides, suggesting differential consumption in situ. CONCLUSIONS Infants fed by non-secretor mothers are delayed in the establishment of a bifidobacteria-laden microbiota. This delay may be due to difficulties in the infant acquiring a species of bifidobacteria able to consume the specific milk oligosaccharides delivered by the mother. This work provides mechanistic insight into how milk glycans enrich specific beneficial bacterial populations in infants and reveals clues for enhancing enrichment of bifidobacterial populations in at risk populations - such as premature infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachery T Lewis
- />Department of Food Science and Technology, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Sarah M Totten
- />Department of Chemistry, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jennifer T Smilowitz
- />Department of Food Science and Technology, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mina Popovic
- />Department of Life Sciences, PhD School in Science and Technologies for Health Products, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Università, 4, Modena, MO 41100 Italy
| | - Evan Parker
- />Department of Chemistry, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Danielle G Lemay
- />Genome Center, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Maxwell L Van Tassell
- />Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Michael J Miller
- />Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- />Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - J Bruce German
- />Department of Food Science and Technology, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- />Department of Chemistry, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - David A Mills
- />Department of Food Science and Technology, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Department of Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- />Foods For Health Institute, UC Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Microencapsulated Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 favorably modulates gut microbiota and reduces circulating endotoxins in F344 rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:602832. [PMID: 24967382 PMCID: PMC4055066 DOI: 10.1155/2014/602832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a bacterial bioreactor whose composition is an asset for human health. However, circulating gut microbiota derived endotoxins cause metabolic endotoxemia, promoting metabolic and liver diseases. This study investigates the potential of orally delivered microencapsulated Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC 15697 to modulate the gut microbiota and reduce endotoxemia in F344 rats. The rats were gavaged daily with saline or microencapsulated B. infantis ATCC 15697. Following 38 days of supplementation, the treated rats showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in fecal Bifidobacteria (4.34 ± 0.46 versus 2.45 ± 0.25% of total) and B. infantis (0.28 ± 0.21 versus 0.52 ± 0.12 % of total) and a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in fecal Enterobacteriaceae (0.80 ± 0.45 versus 2.83 ± 0.63% of total) compared to the saline control. In addition, supplementation with the probiotic formulation reduced fecal (10.52 ± 0.18 versus 11.29 ± 0.16 EU/mg; P = 0.01) and serum (0.33 ± 0.015 versus 0.30 ± 0.015 EU/mL; P = 0.25) endotoxins. Thus, microencapsulated B. infantis ATCC 15697 modulates the gut microbiota and reduces colonic and serum endotoxins. Future preclinical studies should investigate the potential of the novel probiotic formulation in metabolic and liver diseases.
Collapse
|
18
|
Melero B, Vinuesa R, Diez A, Jaime I, Rovira J. Application of protective cultures against Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter jejuni in chicken products packaged under modified atmosphere. Poult Sci 2013; 92:1108-16. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
19
|
Martinez FAC, Balciunas EM, Converti A, Cotter PD, de Souza Oliveira RP. Bacteriocin production by Bifidobacterium spp. A review. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 31:482-8. [PMID: 23384878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are ribosomally-synthesized antibacterial peptides. These compounds are produced by a broad variety of different bacteria belonging mainly to the genus Bifidobacterium, to which health promoting properties have frequently been attributed. However, despite the fact that the identification of Bifidobacterium-associated bacteriocins was first reported in 1980 and that they exhibit antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms such as Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli, relatively little information is still available about the antimicrobial compounds produced by strains of this genus. More detailed understanding of the action mechanisms of these antimicrobials could allow us to determine the extent to which their production contributes to the probiotic properties of specific bifidobacteria strains and, potentially, be of crucial significance for ultimate preservation of functional foods or pharmaceutical applications. Here we review what is already known about their structure, classification, mode of action, functionality, immunity, production and purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Andres Castillo Martinez
- Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 580, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cui Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Shi J, Zhang L, Ding Z, Qu X, Cui H. Class IIa bacteriocins: diversity and new developments. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16668-707. [PMID: 23222636 PMCID: PMC3546714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Class IIa bacteriocins are heat-stable, unmodified peptides with a conserved amino acids sequence YGNGV on their N-terminal domains, and have received much attention due to their generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status, their high biological activity, and their excellent heat stability. They are promising and attractive agents that could function as biopreservatives in the food industry. This review summarizes the new developments in the area of class IIa bacteriocins and aims to provide uptodate information that can be used in designing future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; E-Mails: (Y.C.); (C.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; E-Mails: (Y.C.); (C.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China; E-Mail:
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G5C9, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; E-Mails: (Y.C.); (C.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zhongqing Ding
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; E-Mails: (Y.C.); (C.Z.); (Z.D.)
| | - Xiaojun Qu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China; E-Mail:
| | - Hongyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang E, Fan L, Jiang Y, Doucette C, Fillmore S. Antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from cheeses and yogurts. AMB Express 2012; 2:48. [PMID: 22963659 PMCID: PMC3488010 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The biopreservation of foods using bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated directly from foods is an innovative approach. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify bacteriocinogenic LAB from various cheeses and yogurts and evaluate their antimicrobial effects on selected spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in vitro as well as on a food commodity. LAB were isolated using MRS and M17 media. The agar diffusion bioassay was used to screen for bacteriocin or bacteriocin-like substances (BLS) producing LAB using Lactobacillus sakei and Listeria innocua as indicator organisms. Out of 138 LAB isolates, 28 were found to inhibit these bacteria and were identified as strains of Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Eight isolates were tested for antimicrobial activity at 5°C and 20°C against L. innocua, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Erwinia carotovora, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides using the agar diffusion bioassay, and also against Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea and Monilinia frucitcola using the microdilution plate method. The effect of selected LAB strains on L. innocua inoculated onto fresh-cut onions was also investigated. Twenty percent of our isolates produced BLS inhibiting the growth of L. innocua and/or Lact. sakei. Organic acids and/or H2O2 produced by LAB and not the BLS had strong antimicrobial effects on all microorganisms tested with the exception of E. coli. Ent. faecium, Strep. thermophilus and Lact. casei effectively inhibited the growth of natural microflora and L. innocua inoculated onto fresh-cut onions. Bacteriocinogenic LAB present in cheeses and yogurts may have potential to be used as biopreservatives in foods.
Collapse
|
22
|
Reis JA, Paula AT, Casarotti SN, Penna ALB. Lactic Acid Bacteria Antimicrobial Compounds: Characteristics and Applications. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-012-9051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
23
|
Ogilvie LA, Firouzmand S, Jones BV. Evolutionary, ecological and biotechnological perspectives on plasmids resident in the human gut mobile metagenome. Bioeng Bugs 2012; 3:13-31. [PMID: 22126801 PMCID: PMC3329251 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.3.1.17883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous mobile genetic elements (MGE) are associated with the human gut microbiota and collectively referred to as the gut mobile metagenome. The role of this flexible gene pool in development and functioning of the gut microbial community remains largely unexplored, yet recent evidence suggests that at least some MGE comprising this fraction of the gut microbiome reflect the co-evolution of host and microbe in the gastro-intestinal tract. In conjunction, the high level of novel gene content typical of MGE coupled with their predicted high diversity, suggests that the mobile metagenome constitutes an immense and largely unexplored gene-space likely to encode many novel activities with potential biotechnological or pharmaceutical value, as well as being important to the development and functioning of the gut microbiota. Of the various types of MGE that comprise the gut mobile metagenome, plasmids are of particular importance since these elements are often capable of autonomous transfer between disparate bacterial species, and are known to encode accessory functions that increase bacterial fitness in a given environment facilitating bacterial adaptation. In this article current knowledge regarding plasmids resident in the human gut mobile metagenome is reviewed, and available strategies to access and characterize this portion of the gut microbiome are described. The relative merits of these methods and their present as well as prospective impact on our understanding of the human gut microbiota is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lesley A Ogilvie
- Centre for Biomedical and Health Science Research, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee JH, Li X, O'Sullivan DJ. Transcription analysis of a lantibiotic gene cluster from Bifidobacterium longum DJO10A. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:5879-87. [PMID: 21742926 PMCID: PMC3165390 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00571-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum DJO10A was previously demonstrated to produce a lantibiotic, but only during growth on agar media. To evaluate the feasibility of production of this lantibiotic in broth media, a transcription analysis of the lanA gene was undertaken. Comparative microarray analysis of broth and agar cultures of B. longum DJO10A revealed that the lantibiotic production, modification, transport/peptidase, and immunity genes were significantly upregulated in agar cultures, while the two-component regulatory genes were expressed equally under both conditions. This suggested that the signal transduction regulatory system should function in broth cultures. Real-time PCR and Northern hybridization confirmed that lanA gene expression was significantly repressed in broth cultures. A crude lantibiotic preparation from an agar-grown culture was obtained, and its antimicrobial spectrum analysis revealed a broad inhibition range. Addition of this extract to broth cultures of B. longum DJO10A induced lanA gene expression in a dose-dependent fashion. Subinoculation using >10% of an induced broth culture maintained lanA expression. The expression of lanA was log-phase specific, being significantly downregulated in stationary phase. Transcription start analysis of lanA revealed a 284-bp 5' untranslated region, which was proposed to be involved in repression of transcription, while an inverted repeat structure located at bp -75 relative to the transcription start was strategically located to likely function as a binding site for the two-component response regulator. Understanding the transcription regulation of this lanA gene is the first step toward enabling production of this novel and potentially interesting lantibiotic in broth cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiulan Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, 1500 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Daniel J. O'Sullivan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, 1500 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vijayendra SVN, Gupta RC. Assessment of probiotic and sensory properties of dahi and yoghurt prepared using bulk freeze-dried cultures in buffalo milk. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
26
|
Abstract
Since the discovery in 1899 of bifidobacteria as numerically dominant microbes in the feces of breast-fed infants, there have been numerous studies addressing their role in modulating gut microflora as well as their other potential health benefits. Because of this, they are frequently incorporated into foods as probiotic cultures. An understanding of their full interactions with intestinal microbes and the host is needed to scientifically validate any health benefits they may afford. Recently, the genome sequences of nine strains representing four species of Bifidobacterium became available. A comparative genome analysis of these genomes reveals a likely efficient capacity to adapt to their habitats, with B. longum subsp. infantis exhibiting more genomic potential to utilize human milk oligosaccharides, consistent with its habitat in the infant gut. Conversely, B. longum subsp. longum exhibits a higher genomic potential for utilization of plant-derived complex carbohydrates and polyols, consistent with its habitat in an adult gut. An intriguing observation is the loss of much of this genome potential when strains are adapted to pure culture environments, as highlighted by the genomes of B. animalis subsp. lactis strains, which exhibit the least potential for a gut habitat and are believed to have evolved from the B. animalis species during adaptation to dairy fermentation environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hoon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, 1500 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - Daniel J. O'Sullivan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, 1500 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| |
Collapse
|