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Wang K, Wang Q, Peng C, Guo Y, Li Y, Zhou J, Wu W. Portable Heating System Based on a Liquid Metal Bath for Rapid PCR. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26165-26173. [PMID: 35936432 PMCID: PMC9352155 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the outbreak of COVID-19 around the world, rapid and accurate detection of new coronaviruses is the key to stop the transmission of the disease and prevent and control the novel coronavirus, among which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the mainstream nucleic acid detection method. A temperature cycling device is the core of the PCR amplification micro-device. The precision of the temperature control and temperature change rate directly affect the efficiency of PCR amplification. This study proposes a new PCR method based on rapid PCR chip optimization of a liquid metal bath, which realizes precise and rapid temperature rise and fall control. We systematically explored the feasibility of using liquid metals with different melting points in the system and proposed a 47 °C bismuth-based liquid metal bath as the heat conduction medium of the system to optimize the system. The heat conduction properties of the thermally conductive silicone oil bath were compared. Compared with the thermally conductive silicone oil bath, thermal cycle efficiency is improved nearly 3 times. The average heating rate of the liquid metal bath is fast, and the temperature control stability is good, which can significantly reduce the hysteresis, and the temperature change curve is more gentle, which can greatly improve the efficiency of PCR amplification. The results of gene amplification using rat DNA as the template and SEC61A as the target also indicate that the system can be successfully used in PCR devices, and the types of PCR containers can be not limited to PCR tubes. Based on the experiment, we proved that the PCR method optimized by the liquid metal bath multi-gene rapid PCR chip can further improve the temperature response speed. It has the advantages of accurate data, fast response speed, low price, safety, and environmental protection and can effectively reduce the time of PCR and improve the application efficiency. As far as we know, this is the first international report on using a liquid metal bath to do rapid-cooling PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Wang
- Institute
of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 516001, China
| | - Qingran Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute
of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Center
of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Canfu Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute
of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
- Center
of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Guo
- School
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute
of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 516001, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Integrated Circuits, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenming Wu
- Institute
of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 516001, China
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Chen J, Liu X, Xu M, Li Z, Xu D. Accomplishment of one-step specific PCR and evaluated SELEX process by a dual-microfluidic amplified system. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:024107. [PMID: 33841601 PMCID: PMC8024032 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the main obstacles for systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) failure is the generation of a non-specific product, as selection-inherent amplification procedures tend to form by-products, which prevents the enrichment of target-binding aptamers. Herein, we reported a dual-microfluidic amplified system (dual-MAS) based on the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection chip and the large volume PCR chip for one-step specific PCR and for evaluating the SELEX process. First, it is a simple method to accomplish analytical PCR and amplification PCR in one step, and the optimal number of cycles for generating the specific PCR product is the cycles when the slope of the linear amplification period of the real-time PCR curve begins to decrease. Second, the time used by the dual-MAS for generating a specific PCR product is reduced to 30 min, and the multi-functional dual-MAS can simultaneously evaluate the SELEX process by providing important information on the amounts of enriched sequences and the library diversity in every round of SELEX. In addition, pollution contamination and fragment loss can be significantly avoided in the closed chip. Last, the specific PCR product, the amounts of enriched sequences, and the library diversity can be obtained for every single SELEX in just 30 min. Compared with current methods, this system can reduce the time for generating a specific PCR product and SELEX, and it is easier to choose the optimal number of cycles for a specific PCR product. In a word, it is a sensitive, simple, and rapid strategy to improve the specificity of the PCR product and make the process of SELEX in a controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhoumin Li
- Jinling College, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210089, China
| | - Danke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhu H, Zhang H, Ni S, Korabečná M, Yobas L, Neuzil P. The vision of point-of-care PCR tests for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Trends Analyt Chem 2020; 130:115984. [PMID: 32834243 PMCID: PMC7369599 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, such as the most recent case of coronavirus disease 2019, have brought the prospect of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests into the spotlight. A rapid, accurate, low-cost, and easy-to-use test in the field could stop epidemics before they develop into full-blown pandemics. Unfortunately, despite all the advances, it still does not exist. Here, we critically review the limited number of prototypes demonstrated to date that is based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and has come close to fulfill this vision. We summarize the requirements for the POC-PCR tests and then go on to discuss the PCR product-detection methods, the integration of their functional components, the potential applications, and other practical issues related to the implementation of lab-on-a-chip technologies. We conclude our review with a discussion of the latest findings on nucleic acid-based diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanliang Zhu
- Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Haoqing Zhang
- Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Sheng Ni
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China
| | - Marie Korabečná
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Levent Yobas
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China,Corresponding author
| | - Pavel Neuzil
- Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072 Shaanxi, PR China,CEITEC Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic,Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communications, Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic,Corresponding author. Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072 Shaanxi, PR China
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Cao X, Xia Z, Yan W, He S, Xu X, Wei Z, Ye Y, Zheng H. Colorimetric biosensing of nopaline synthase terminator using Fe 3O 4@Au and hemin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide. Anal Biochem 2020; 602:113798. [PMID: 32505706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a simple and label-free colorimetric biosensor for detection of the nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator in genetically modified (GM) plants. The "signal on" colorimetric biosensor was developed using a nanocomposite consisted of gold nanoparticles doped magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Au NP), capture probe DNA (cDNA), and hemin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (H-GN). The nanocomposite was successfully prepared by means of Au-S bonds and the strong π interactions between cDNA and H-GN. The sensing approach is based on the excellent peroxidase-mimicking activity of H-GN and its different electrostatic interactions with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). In presence of the target NOS, the cDNA in the nanocomposite will hybridize with its complementary sequence, and form dsDNA structure. Due to the weak π interactions between dsDNA and H-GN, a portion of H-GN will be released from the surface of Fe3O4@Au NPs and transferred into solution. After magnetic separation was performed, the supernatant was incubated with 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. The released H-GN can catalyze the oxidation reaction of TMB and turn the colorless solution blue. This "signal-on" colorimetric biosensor shows a broad linear range of 0.5-100 nM for the target NOS, with a 0.19 nM detection limit. The application of the biosensor for determination of NOS segments in samples of GM and non-GM tomatoes shows that it can discriminate between GM and non-GM plants. The reliability of the method for samples of NOS-spiked GM tomato suggests satisfactory recoveries in the range of 93.6%-94.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Cao
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Zihao Xia
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wuwen Yan
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shudong He
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhaojun Wei
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yongkang Ye
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Haisong Zheng
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, Hefei, 230032, China
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Qian C, Wang R, Wu H, Ping J, Wu J. Recent advances in emerging DNA-based methods for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) rapid detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Garrido-Maestu A, Azinheiro S, Carvalho J, Abalde-Cela S, Carbó-Argibay E, Diéguez L, Piotrowski M, Kolen’ko YV, Prado M. Combination of Microfluidic Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification with Gold Nanoparticles for Rapid Detection of Salmonella spp. in Food Samples. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2159. [PMID: 29209283 PMCID: PMC5701617 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organization, there are 31 main global hazards, which caused in 2010 600 million foodborne illnesses and 420000 deaths. Among them, Salmonella spp. is one of the most important human pathogens, accounting for more than 90000 cases in Europe and even more in the United States per year. In the current study we report the development, and thorough evaluation in food samples, of a microfluidic system combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This system is intended for low-cost, in situ, detection of different pathogens, as the proposed methodology can be extrapolated to different microorganisms. A very low limit of detection (10 cfu/25 g) was obtained. Furthermore, the evaluation of spiked food samples (chicken, turkey, egg products), completely matched the expected results, as denoted by the index kappa of concordance (value of 1.00). The results obtained for the relative sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were of 100% as well as the positive and negative predictive values.
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Oleksandrov S, Aman A, Lim W, Kim Y, Bae NH, Lee KG, Lee SJ, Park S. Development of bufferless gel electrophoresis chip for easy preparation and rapid DNA separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:456-461. [PMID: 28960347 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a handy, fast, and compact bufferless gel electrophoresis chip (BGEC), which consists of precast agarose gel confined in a disposable plastic body with electrodes. It does not require large volumes of buffer to fill reservoirs, or the process of immersing the gel in the buffer. It withstands voltages up to 28.4 V/cm, thereby allowing DNA separation within 10 min with a similar separation capability to the standard gel electrophoresis. The results suggest that our BGEC is highly suitable for in situ gel electrophoresis in forensic, epidemiological settings and crime scenes where standard gel electrophoresis equipment cannot be brought in while quick results are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdurazak Aman
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Wanyoung Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Younghee Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nam Ho Bae
- Nano-bio Application Team, National Nanofab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Nano-bio Application Team, National Nanofab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Nano-bio Application Team, National Nanofab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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8
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Ganesh I, Tran BM, Kim Y, Kim J, Cheng H, Lee NY, Park S. An integrated microfluidic PCR system with immunomagnetic nanoparticles for the detection of bacterial pathogens. Biomed Microdevices 2017; 18:116. [PMID: 27975186 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in rapid microbial pre-concentration methods to lower the detection limit of bacterial pathogens of low abundance in samples. Here, we report an integrated microfluidic PCR system that enables bacterial cells of interest in samples to be concentrated prior to PCR. It consists of two major compartments: a preconcentration chamber for the immunomagnetic separation of bacterial cells, and a PCR chamber for the DNA amplification of the concentrated cells. We demonstrate the feasibility of the system for the detection of microbial pathogens by preconcentrating the human pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7, and also amplifying its DNA. The detection limit of E. coli O157:H7 in the PCR system is 1 × 103 CFU (colony forming unit)/mL. On-chip processing steps, including preconcentration and PCR steps, take less than two hours. Our system can serve as a rapid, specific, and quantitative platform for the detection of microbial pathogens in samples of large volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irisappan Ganesh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Buu Minh Tran
- Department of BioNano Technology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Korea
| | - Yonghee Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Jaewon Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Hua Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Sciences (BK21 plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Korea.
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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Ahrberg CD, Manz A, Chung BG. Polymerase chain reaction in microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3866-3884. [PMID: 27713993 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00984k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has caused a revolution in molecular biology, giving access to a method of amplifying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules across several orders of magnitude. Since the first application of PCR in a microfluidic device was developed in 1998, an increasing number of researchers have continued the development of microfluidic PCR systems. In this review, we introduce recent developments in microfluidic-based space and time domain devices as well as discuss various designs integrated with multiple functions for sample preparation and detection. The development of isothermal nucleic acid amplification and digital PCR microfluidic devices within the last five years is also highlighted. Furthermore, we introduce various commercial microfluidic PCR devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Manz
- Microfluidics group, KIST-Europe, Saarbrücken, Germany and Mechanotronics Department, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bong Geun Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Ha ML, Zhang Y, Lee NY. A functionally integrated thermoplastic microdevice for one-step solid-phase-based nucleic acid purification and isothermal amplification for facile detection of foodborne pathogen. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:2614-2623. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Luan Ha
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University; 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu; Seongnam-si 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University; 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu; Seongnam-si 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University; 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu; Seongnam-si 461-701 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute; Gil Medical Center; Inchon 405-760 Republic of Korea
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