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Liang J, Li X, Huang B, Pan Y, Zhuang Z, Ye Q, Peng C, Deng H, Yi Y, Zhang B, Chen P, Chen X. Rapid, on-site quantitative determination of mycotoxins in grains using a multiple time-resolved fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116357. [PMID: 38729049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The label probe plays a crucial role in enhancing the sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassays. However, conventional fluorescent microspheres (FMs) have limitations due to their short fluorescence lifetime, susceptibility to background fluorescence interference, and inability to facilitate multi-component detection. In this study, carboxylate-modified Eu(III)-chelate-doped polystyrene nanobeads were employed as label probes to construct a multiple time-resolved fluorescent microsphere-based immunochromatographic test strip (TRFM-ICTS). This novel TRFM-ICTS facilitated rapid on-site quantitative detection of three mycotoxins in grains: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), Zearalenone (ZEN), and Deoxynivalenol (DON). The limit of detection (LOD) for AFB1, ZEN, and DON were found to be 0.03 ng/g, 0.11 ng/g, and 0.81 ng/g, respectively. Furthermore, the TRFM-ICTS demonstrated a wide detection range for AFB1 (0.05-8.1 ng/g), ZEN (0.125-25 ng/g), and DON (1.0-234 ng/g), while maintaining excellent selectivity. Notably, the test strip exhibited remarkable stability, retaining its detection capability even after storage at 4 °C for over one year. Importantly, the detection of these mycotoxins relied solely on simple manual operations, and with a portable reader, on-site detection could be accomplished within 20 min. This TRFM-ICTS presents a promising solution for sensitive on-site mycotoxin detection, suitable for practical application in various settings due to its sensitivity, accuracy, simplicity, and portability.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunFa Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Bin Huang
- Shenzhen Lvshiyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518100, PR China
| | - Yupeng Pan
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zile Zhuang
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Qiuxiong Ye
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Huangyi Deng
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Yunting Yi
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Peiyi Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Xuncai Chen
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Dos Santos MSN, Ody LP, Kerber BD, Araujo BA, Oro CED, Wancura JHC, Mazutti MA, Zabot GL, Tres MV. New frontiers of soil fungal microbiome and its application for biotechnology in agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:287. [PMID: 37632593 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The fungi-based technology provided encouraging scenarios in the transition from a conventionally based economic system to the potential security of sources closely associated with the agricultural sphere such as the agriculture. In recent years, the intensification of fungi-based processes has generated significant gains, additionally to the production of materials with significant benefits and strong environmental importance. Furthermore, the growing concern for human health, especially in the agriculture scenario, has fostered the investigation of organisms with high biological and beneficial potential for use in agricultural systems. Accordingly, this study offered a comprehensive review of the diversity of the soil fungal microbiome and its main applications in a biotechnological approach aimed at agriculture and food chain-related areas. Moreover, the spectrum of opportunities and the extensive optimization platform for obtaining fungi compounds and metabolites are discussed. Finally, future perspectives regarding the insurgency of innovations and challenges on the broad rise of visionary solutions applied to the biotechnology context are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicon S N Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil
| | - Lissara P Ody
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil
| | - Bruno D Kerber
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil
| | - Beatriz A Araujo
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil
| | - Carolina E D Oro
- Department of Food Engineering, Integrated Regional University of Alto Uruguay and Missions, 1621, Sete de Setembro Av., Fátima, Erechim, RS 99709-910, Brazil
| | - João H C Wancura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 1000, Roraima Av., Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcio A Mazutti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 1000, Roraima Av., Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Giovani L Zabot
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Tres
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira do Sul, RS 96508-010, Brazil.
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3
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Omoruyi BE, Volschenk H, Gelderblom WCA, Lilly M. Biocontrol of Fusarium Species Utilizing Indigenous Rooibos and Honeybush Extracts. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0274222. [PMID: 37222581 PMCID: PMC10269529 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02742-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins produced by several Fusarium species have a significant effect on reducing maize yield and grain quality and have led to food safety concerns. The antifungal activities of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia species) tea extracts reduced the growth of plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea, but their efficacy against Fusarium spp. is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of fermented and unfermented rooibos (A. linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia subternata) aqueous extracts as well as green tea (Camellia sinensis) against 10 Fusarium species. Conidial viability was assessed by fluorescence microscopy dyes, ATP production was determined using the BacTiter-Glo assay, the mode of action was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and quantification of polyphenols was done using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Fermented rooibos extract demonstrated the highest antifungal activity (P < 0.0001) against Fusarium verticillioides MRC 826-E, Fusarium subglutinans MRC 8553, Fusarium proliferatum MRC 8549, and Fusarium globosum MRC 6647, with only 9.53%, 9.26%, 11.0%, and 12.7% ATP production, respectively, followed by antifungal activity of the fermented C. subternata extract against F. subglutinans MRC 8553, F. subglutinans MRC 8554, F. proliferatum MRC 8550, and F. verticillioides MRC 826-E with 3.79%, 6.04%, 6.04%, and 8.40% ATP production, respectively. Extract-treated conidia examined by SEM exhibited disruption of conidial hyphae and collapsed spores. Overall, the fermented rooibos and C. subternata extracts showed higher antifungal activity against the Fusarium species than the unfermented extracts. IMPORTANCE In maize subsistence farming areas in South Africa, daily consumption of maize contaminated by high level of mycotoxins contributes to long-term health effects such as immune deficiency and cancer. Biocontrol methods that are safe and cost-effective are critical to addressing this public health problem. Plant extracts known as biocides or green pesticides are alternatives to chemical pesticides due to their safety and eco-friendly properties. In South Africa, rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia species) contain polyphenols with significant antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These indigenous herbal teas are widely available and consumed in South Africa and have potential as an innovative approach to reduce mycotoxin levels and, subsequently, human and animal exposure to these toxins. This study evaluates the efficacy of the antifungal activities of several aqueous extracts prepared from fermented and unfermented rooibos (A. linearis), honeybush (Cyclopia subternata), and green tea (Camellia sinensis) on 10 Fusarium strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beauty E. Omoruyi
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Heinrich Volschenk
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Wentzel C. A. Gelderblom
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mariska Lilly
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Alkuwari A, Hassan ZU, Zeidan R, Al-Thani R, Jaoua S. Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Cereals and Application of Yeast Volatiles for Their Biological Control. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060404. [PMID: 35737064 PMCID: PMC9228409 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections in cereals lead to huge economic losses in the food and agriculture industries. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxins in marketed cereals and explore the effect of the antagonistic yeast Cyberlindnera jadinii volatiles against key toxigenic fungal strains. Aspergillus spp. were the most frequent contaminating fungi in the cereals, with an isolation frequency (Fr) of 100% in maize, followed by wheat (88.23%), rice (78.57%) and oats (14.28%). Morphological and molecular identification confirmed the presence of key toxigenic fungal strains in cereal samples, including A. carbonarius, A. flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceus and A. parasiticus. Aflatoxins (AFs) were detected in all types of tested cereal samples, with a significantly higher level in maize compared to wheat, rice, oats and breakfast cereals. Ochratoxin A (OTA) was only detected in wheat, rice and maize samples. Levels of mycotoxins in cereals were within EU permissible limits. The volatiles of Cyberlindnera jadinii significantly inhibited the growth of A. parasiticus, A. niger and P. verrucosum. The findings of this study confirm the presence of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in cereals within the EU permissible limits and the significant biocontrol ability of Cyberlindnera jadinii against these toxigenic fungi.
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5
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Zeidan R, Ul Hassan Z, Al‐Naimi N, Al‐Thani R, Jaoua S. Detection of multimycotoxins in camel feed and milk samples and their comparison with the levels in cow milk. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:609-616. [PMID: 35154696 PMCID: PMC8825718 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Camel milk has been considered as an important source of nutrients and is commercialized in many countries of the world including the Middle East. This study aimed to investigate the presence of mycotoxins in camel feed and milk samples in comparison with the cow milk. Fumonisins (FUM), ochratoxin A (OTA), and zearalenone (ZEN) were detected in 14%, 39%, and 39% of the tested camel feed samples, respectively. Among the tested camel feed samples, 8.3% and 5.6% were co-contaminated with OTA+FUM and FUM+ZEN, respectively. In the case of milk samples, 46.15% of camel and 63.63% of cow were found contaminated with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). In total, 16.2% and 8.1% of the milk samples were simultaneously contaminated with two and three mycotoxins, respectively. Although the levels of individual mycotoxins in the camel feed and milk samples were within the European Union (EU) permissible limits, their co-occurrence may pose severe risk to human and animal health due to possible additive and/or synergistic toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Zeidan
- Environmental Science ProgramDepartment of Biological and Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | - Zahoor Ul Hassan
- Environmental Science ProgramDepartment of Biological and Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | | | - Roda Al‐Thani
- Environmental Science ProgramDepartment of Biological and Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | - Samir Jaoua
- Environmental Science ProgramDepartment of Biological and Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityDohaQatar
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6
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Wang L, Sun J, Ye J, Wang L, Sun X. One-step extraction and simultaneous quantitative fluorescence immunochromatography strip for AFB 1 and Cd detection in grain. Food Chem 2021; 374:131684. [PMID: 34871850 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AFB1 and heavy metal Cd are two common pollutants during grain storage. The rapid detection of grains before they enter the granary is particularly important. Hence, rapidly, accurately, and sensitively screening contaminated grains, simplifying the detection process, and reducing detection costs are necessary. In this study, linear ranges of time-resolved fluorescence microsphere - immunochromatographic test strip (TRFM-ICTS) detection were 0.01-30 ng/mL (AFB1) and 0.01-60 ng/mL (Cd), and the IC50 values were 0.536 ng/mL (AFB1) and 3.331 ng/mL (Cd). In the TRFM-ICTS sample addition experiment, the recovery rates were all between 90% and 110%. The coefficient of variation was less than 8% in the actual sample detection process of grain. We have established a one-step extraction method for AFB1 and Cd in grains to achieve simultaneous detection in one extraction. In addition, TRFM-ICTS could be stored for at least 12 months, providing technical support for the realization of commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jin Ye
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Str, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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7
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Hassan ZU, Al Thani R, Alsafran M, Migheli Q, Jaoua S. Selection of Bacillus spp. with decontamination potential on multiple Fusarium mycotoxins. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Khodaei D, Javanmardi F, Khaneghah AM. The global overview of the occurrence of mycotoxins in cereals: a three-year survey. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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de Medeiros CAC, Pinto ÂDV, de Oliveira JC, Silva GS, Arrua JMM, Lima IO, Pereira FDO. Evaluating the Antifungal Activity of α-Bisabolol in Association with NaCl on Fusarium oxysporum in Maize Grains. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:604-610. [PMID: 33388939 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium infections result in reduced maize grain (Zea mays L.) yields and notable impacts on human and animal health. Research involving natural products to control fungi in food is a promising alternative. Combinations of α-bisabolol (AB) and sodium chloride (NaCl) may suggest the use of lower effective concentrations of the drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of AB associated with NaCl against Fusarium oxysporum strains isolated from maize. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values of AB and NaCl were determined by microdilution, and an association study was performed (checkerboard). Effects on fungal mycelial growth (poisoned substrate technique) and a maize grain contamination model were analyzed. AB presented MIC values ranging from 128 and 1024 μg/mL; NaCl inhibited fungal growth at 16,384 μg/mL. The AB/NaCl association study revealed synergism by decreasing inhibitory concentrations by eight times. In corn kernels, AB and NaCl, whether isolated (at MIC) or in association (at sub-inhibitory concentrations), significantly inhibited in vitro mycelial growth (P < 0.05). Further analysis of liquid from a canned maize sample also revealed the fungistatic effects of the compounds associations (P < 0.05). The results confirm the antifungal potential of AB, whether isolated or in association with NaCl to control F. oxysporum in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A C de Medeiros
- Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ânderson de V Pinto
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Academic Health Unit, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Olho D`Água da Bica, Cuité, Paraíba, 58175-000, Brazil
| | - Josenildo C de Oliveira
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Academic Health Unit, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Olho D`Água da Bica, Cuité, Paraíba, 58175-000, Brazil
| | - Gezaíldo S Silva
- Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Juliana M M Arrua
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Center for Technological Investigations, Directorate General for Scientific and Technological Research, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Igara O Lima
- Natural Sciences and Biotechnology, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fillipe de O Pereira
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Academic Health Unit, Education and Health Center, Federal University of Campina Grande, Olho D`Água da Bica, Cuité, Paraíba, 58175-000, Brazil.
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Higazy NS, Saleh AE, Hassan ZU, Al Thani R, Migheli Q, Jaoua S. Investigation and application of Bacillus pumilus QBP344-3 in the control of Aspergillus carbonarius and ochratoxin A contamination. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Hou S, Ma J, Cheng Y, Wang H, Sun J, Yan Y. Quantum dot nanobead-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous quantitative detection of fumonisin B1, dexyonivalenol, and zearalenone in grains. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Hou S, Ma J, Cheng Y, Wang H, Sun J, Yan Y. One-step rapid detection of fumonisin B1, dexyonivalenol and zearalenone in grains. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Jia R, Cao L, Liu W, Shen Z. Detoxification of deoxynivalenol by Bacillus subtilis ASAG 216 and characterization the degradation process. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Yun S, Yoon J, Kim B, Ahn S, Choi K. Purity Assessment of Fumonisin B
1
by Quantitative
1
H NMR Spectroscopy. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Yun
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Jeongbin Yoon
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Byungjoo Kim
- Division of Chemical and Medical MetrologyKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 34113 South Korea
| | - Sangdoo Ahn
- Department of ChemistryChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Division of Chemical and Medical MetrologyKorea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 34113 South Korea
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Comparative In Vitro Assessment of a Range of Commercial Feed Additives with Multiple Mycotoxin Binding Claims. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11110659. [PMID: 31726774 PMCID: PMC6891808 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of animal feed with multiple mycotoxins is an ongoing and growing issue, as over 60% of cereal crops worldwide have been shown to be contaminated with mycotoxins. The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of commercial feed additives sold with multi-mycotoxin binding claims. Ten feed additives were obtained and categorised into three groups based on their main composition. Their capacity to simultaneously adsorb deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin B1 (FB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin was assessed and compared using an in vitro model designed to simulate the gastrointestinal tract of a monogastric animal. Results showed that only one product (a modified yeast cell wall) effectively adsorbed more than 50% of DON, ZEN, FB1, OTA, T-2 and AFB1, in the following order: AFB1 > ZEN > T-2 > DON > OTA > FB1. The remaining products were able to moderately bind AFB1 (44–58%) but had less, or in some cases, no effect on ZEN, FB1, OTA and T-2 binding (<35%). It is important for companies producing mycotoxin binders that their products undergo rigorous trials under the conditions which best mimic the environment that they must be active in. Claims on the binding efficiency should only be made when such data has been generated.
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