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Vega-Portalatino EJ, Rosales-Cuentas MM, Tamariz-Angeles C, Olivera-Gonzales P, Espinoza-Espinoza LA, Moreno-Quispe LA, Portalatino-Zevallos JC. Diversity of endophytic bacteria with antimicrobial potential isolated from marine macroalgae from Yacila and Cangrejos beaches, Piura-Peru. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:372. [PMID: 39126528 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria found in marine macroalgae have been studied for their potential antimicrobial activity, consequently, they could serve as a valuable source of bioactive compounds to control pathogenic bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. Algae endophytic bacteria were isolated from Caulerpa sp., Ulva sp., Ahnfeltiopsis sp., and Chondracantus chamissoi from Yacila and Cangrejo Beaches (Piura, Peru). Antimicrobial assays against pathogenic bacteria were evaluated using cross-culture, over-plate, and volatile organic compound tests. Afterward, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of selected crude extracts were determined, also ITS molecular analysis, antifungal activity, and PCR of iturin, fengycin, and surfactin genes were performed for bacteria strains exhibiting better activity. Forty-six algae endophytic bacteria were isolated from algae. Ten strains inhibited gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes), and 12 inhibited gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteric sv typhimurium). Bacteria with better activity belong to Bacillus sp., Kluyvera ascorbata, Pantoea agglomerans, Leclercia adecarboxylata, and Enterobacter sp., which only four showed antifungal activities against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, Colletotrichium sp., Fusarium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria sp. Furthermore, K. ascorbata YAFE21 and Bacillus sp. YCFE4 exhibited iturin and fengycin genes. The results indicate that the algae endophytic bacteria found in this study, particularly K. ascorbata YAFE21, Bacillus sp. YCFR6, L. adecarboxylata CUFE2, Bacillus sp. YUFE8, Enterobacter sp. YAFL1, and P. agglomerans YAFL6, could be investigated as potential producers of antimicrobial compounds due to their broad activity against various microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Tamariz-Angeles
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos de Ancash, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, 02001, Peru
| | - Percy Olivera-Gonzales
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos de Ancash, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, 02001, Peru
| | | | - Luz Arelis Moreno-Quispe
- Faculty of Business Sciences and Tourism, Universidad Nacional de Frontera, Sullana, Piura, 20100, Peru
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Rafiq M, Javaid A, Kanwal A, Anwar A, Khan IH, Kanwal Q, Cheng C. GC-MS analysis and antifungal potential of flower extract of Acacia nilotica subsp. Indica against Macrophomina phaseolina. Microb Pathog 2024; 194:106819. [PMID: 39067493 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Macrophomina phaseolina is a wide host ranged soil-borne fungal plant pathogen. It infects more than 500 host plant species belonging to 100 families. Many important oil-seed and leguminous crops are known to be attacked by this devastating plant pathogen. In the present study, antifungal potential of flowers of a leguminous tree Acacia nilotica subsp. indica, was assessed against this pathogen through bioassays guided fractionation. Initially, methanolic extracts of 1 %-5 % of leaf, flower, root-bark and stem-bark of the plant species under consideration were evaluated for their antifungal potential against the target pathogen. Among these, the best antifungal activity was shown by flower extract. The reduction in growth of the test fungal strain was 27-49 %, 4-40 % and 2-27 % due to flower, root-bark and leaf extracts, respectivey, over control. Flower extract was partitioned using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol as the solvents. Bioassays guided study of these fractions of methanolic extract of flower revealed that high antifungal potential was shown by n-hexane and chloroform fractions against M. phaseolina causing 26-53 % and 28-50 % decline in fungal biomass, respectively, as compared to that of control. GC-MS analysis of chloroform fraction revealed the presence of 27 compounds in this fraction. Among these cyclopentanol,-1-methyl (10.93 %) was the predominant compound followed by methyl, 4,4-dimethyl butanoate (7.04 %), 1-pentanol (6.80 %), 2-propanol, 1-cyclopropyl (6.11 %), 1H,imidazole-4-5-dihydro-2-methyl (5.93 %), trichloroethane (5.91 %), carbonic acid-ethyl hexyl ester (4.59 %), 1,4-butandiol,2,3-bis(methylene)- (4.54 %) and [S]-3,4-dimethyl pentanol (4.48 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rafiq
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Ex Situ Plant Conservation and Utilization, Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, China.
| | - Arshad Javaid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ammara Kanwal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Aneela Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Iqra Haider Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Qudsia Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Raiwind Road Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Chunsong Cheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Ex Situ Plant Conservation and Utilization, Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, China.
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Zhang Y, Li B, Fu M, Wang Z, Chen K, Du M, Zalán Z, Hegyi F, Kan J. Antifungal mechanisms of binary combinations of volatile organic compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria strains against Aspergillusflavus. Toxicon 2024; 243:107749. [PMID: 38710308 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus(A. flavus), a common humic fungus known for its ability to infect agricultural products, served as the subject of investigation in this study. The primary objective was to assess the antifungal efficacy and underlying mechanisms of binary combinations of five volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by lactic acid bacteria, specifically in their inhibition of A. flavus. This assessment was conducted through a comprehensive analysis, involving biochemical characterization and transcriptomic scrutiny. The results showed that VOCs induce notable morphological abnormalities in A. flavus conidia and hyphae. Furthermore, they disrupt the integrity of the fungal cell membrane and cell wall, resulting in the leakage of intracellular contents and an increase in extracellular electrical conductivity. In terms of cellular components, VOC exposure led to an elevation in malondialdehyde content while concurrently inhibiting the levels of total lipids, ergosterol, soluble proteins, and reducing sugars. Additionally, the impact of VOCs on A. flavus energy metabolism was evident, with significant inhibition observed in the activities of key enzymes, such as Na+/K+-ATPase, malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and chitinase. And they were able to inhibit aflatoxin B1 synthesis. The transcriptomic analysis offered further insights, highlighting that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were predominantly associated with membrane functionality and enriched in pathways about carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Notably, DEGs linked to cellular components and energy-related mechanisms exhibited down-regulation, thereby corroborating the findings from the biochemical analyses. In summary, these results elucidate the principal antifungal mechanisms of VOCs, which encompass the disruption of cell membrane integrity and interference with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Mingze Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Kewei Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Muying Du
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zsolt Zalán
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Buda Campus, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Hegyi
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Buda Campus, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Al-Saadi HA, Al-Sadi AM, Al-Wahaibi A, Al-Raeesi A, Al-Kindi M, Soundra Pandian SB, Al-Harrasi MMA, Al-Mahmooli IH, Velazhahan R. Rice Weevil ( Sitophilus oryzae L.) Gut Bacteria Inhibit Growth of Aspergillus flavus and Degrade Aflatoxin B1. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:377. [PMID: 38921363 PMCID: PMC11205148 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, bacteria residing in the gut of the rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feeding on aflatoxin-contaminated corn kernels were isolated and evaluated for their ability to suppress Aspergillus flavus and to remove/degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Four morphologically distinct S. oryzae gut-associated bacterial isolates were isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis (RWGB1), Bacillus oceanisediminis (RWGB2), Bacillus firmus (RWGB3), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (RWGB4) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. These bacterial isolates inhibited A. flavus growth in the dual culture assay and induced morphological deformities in the fungal hyphae, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. All four bacterial isolates were capable of removing AFB1 from the nutrient broth medium. In addition, culture supernatants of these bacterial isolates degraded AFB1, and the degradation of toxin molecules was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The bacterial isolates, B. subtilis RWGB1, B. oceanisediminis RWGB2, and P. aeruginosa RWGB4, were capable of producing antifungal volatile organic compounds that inhibited A. flavus growth. These results suggest that the bacterial isolates from S. oryzae gut have the potential to bind and/or degrade AFB1. Further research on their application in the food and feed industries could enhance the safety of food and feed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Abdullah Al-Saadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Ali Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Ali Al-Raeesi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Mohamed Al-Kindi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | | | - Majida Mohammed Ali Al-Harrasi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
| | - Rethinasamy Velazhahan
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Oman; (H.A.A.-S.); (A.M.A.-S.); (A.A.-W.); (A.A.-R.); (M.M.A.A.-H.); (I.H.A.-M.)
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Yang L, Wang C, He X, Liang H, Wu Q, Sun X, Liu M, Shen P. Multi-year crop rotation and quicklime application promote stable peanut yield and high nutrient-use efficiency by regulating soil nutrient availability and bacterial/fungal community. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1367184. [PMID: 38827150 PMCID: PMC11140132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diversifying cultivation management, including different crop rotation patterns and soil amendment, are effective strategies for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). However, the peanut yield enhancement effect and temporal changes in soil chemical properties and microbial activities in response to differential multi-year crop rotation patterns and soil amendment remain unclear. In the present study, a multi-year localization experiment with the consecutive application of five different cultivation managements (including rotation with different crops under the presence or absence of external quicklime as soil amendment) was conducted to investigate the dynamic changes in peanut nutrient uptake and yield status, soil chemical property, microbial community composition and function. Peanut continuous cropping led to a reduction in peanut yield, while green manure-peanut rotation and wheat-maize-peanut rotation increased peanut yield by 40.59 and 81.95%, respectively. A combination of quicklime application increased yield by a further 28.76 and 24.34%. Alterations in cultivation management also strongly affected the soil pH, nutrient content, and composition and function of the microbial community. The fungal community was more sensitive than the bacterial community to cultivation pattern shift. Variation in bacterial community was mainly attributed to soil organic carbon, pH and calcium content, while variation in fungal community was more closely related to soil phosphorus content. Wheat-maize-peanut rotation combined with quicklime application effectively modifies the soil acidification environment, improves the soil fertility, reshapes the composition of beneficial and harmful microbial communities, thereby improving soil health, promoting peanut development, and alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacles. We concluded that wheat-maize-peanut rotation in combination with quicklime application was the effective practice to improve the soil fertility and change the composition of potentially beneficial and pathogenic microbial communities in the soil, which is strongly beneficial for building a healthy soil micro-ecology, promoting the growth and development of peanut, and reducing the harm caused by continuous cropping obstacles to peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Yang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Caibin Wang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhua He
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuewu Sun
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pu Shen
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology, Genetic & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Ling L, Feng L, Li Y, Yue R, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Endophytic Fungi Volatile Organic Compounds as Crucial Biocontrol Agents Used for Controlling Fruit and Vegetable Postharvest Diseases. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:332. [PMID: 38786687 PMCID: PMC11122075 DOI: 10.3390/jof10050332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are an important part of the human diet, but during transportation and storage, microbial pathogens attack and spoil fruits and vegetables, causing huge economic losses to agriculture. Traditionally used chemical fungicides leave chemical residues, leading to environmental pollution and health risks. With the emphasis on food safety, biocontrol agents are attracting more and more attention due to their environmental friendliness. Endophytic fungi are present in plant tissues and do not cause host disease. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) they produce are used to control postharvest diseases due to their significant antifungal activity, as well as their volatility, safety and environmental protection characteristics. This review provides the concept and characterization of endophytic fungal VOCs, concludes the types of endophytic fungi that release antifungal VOCs and their biological control mechanisms, as well as focuses on the practical applications and the challenges of applying VOCs as fumigants. Endophytic fungal VOCs can be used as emerging biocontrol resources to control postharvest diseases that affect fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ling
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- New Rural Development Research Institute, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lijun Feng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rui Yue
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongpeng Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (L.F.); (Y.L.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Crisostomo-Panuera JS, Nieva ASDV, Ix-Balam MA, Díaz-Valderrama JR, Alviarez-Gutierrez E, Oliva-Cruz SM, Cumpa-Velásquez LM. Diversity and functional assessment of indigenous culturable bacteria inhabiting fine-flavor cacao rhizosphere: Uncovering antagonistic potential against Moniliophthora roreri. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28453. [PMID: 38601674 PMCID: PMC11004713 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Peruvian Amazonian native cacao faces ongoing challenges that significantly undermine its productivity. Among them, frosty pod rot disease and cadmium accumulation result in losses that need for effective and environmentally safe strategies, such as those based on bacteria. To explore the biological resources in the cacao soil, a descriptive study was conducted to assess the diversity of culturable bacteria across three production districts in the Amazonas region: La Peca, Imaza, and Cajaruro. The study also focused on the functional properties of these bacteria, particularly those related to the major issues limiting cacao cultivation. For this purpose, 90 native bacterial isolates were obtained from the cacao rhizosphere. According to diversity analysis, the community was composed of 19 bacterial genera, with a dominance of the Bacillaceae family and variable distribution among the districts. This variability was statistically supported by the PCoA plots and is related to the pH of the soil environment. The functional assessment revealed that 56.8% of the isolates showed an antagonism index greater than 75% after 7 days of confrontation. After 15 days of confrontation with Moniliophthora roreri, 68.2% of the bacterial population demonstrated this attribute. This capability was primarily exhibited by Bacillus strains. On the other hand, only 4.5% were capable of removing cadmium, highlighting the biocontrol potential of the bacterial community. In addition, some isolates produced siderophores (13.63%), solubilized phosphate (20.45%), and solubilized zinc (4.5%). Interestingly, these traits showed an uneven distribution, which correlated with the divergence found by the beta diversity. Our results revealed a diverse bacterial community inhabiting the Amazonian cacao rhizosphere, showcasing crucial functional properties related to the biocontrol of M. roreri. The information generated serves as a significant resource for the development of further biotechnological tools that can be applied to native Amazonian cacao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhusephin Sheshira Crisostomo-Panuera
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Amira Susana del Valle Nieva
- Centro Regional de Energía y Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable (CREAS-CONICET-UNCA). Nuñez del Prado 366, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Manuel Alejandro Ix-Balam
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Jorge Ronny Díaz-Valderrama
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Eliana Alviarez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Segundo Manuel Oliva-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Liz Marjory Cumpa-Velásquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación para El Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Calle Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru
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Dos Santos Gomes W, Pereira LL, Rodrigues da Luz JM, Soares da Silva MDC, Reis Veloso TG, Partelli FL. Exploring the microbiome of coffee plants: Implications for coffee quality and production. Food Res Int 2024; 179:113972. [PMID: 38342526 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Coffee stands as one of the world's most popular beverages, and its quality undergoes the influence of numerous pre- and post-harvest procedures. These encompass genetic variety, cultivation environment, management practices, harvesting methods, and post-harvest processing. Notably, microbial communities active during fermentation hold substantial sway over the ultimate quality and sensory characteristics of the final product. The interaction between plants and microorganisms assumes critical significance, with specific microbes assuming pivotal roles in coffee plant growth, fruit development, and, subsequently, the fruit's quality. Microbial activities can synthesize or degrade compounds that influence the sensory profile of the beverage. However, studies on the metabolic products generated by various coffee-related microorganisms and their chemical functionality, especially in building sensory profiles, remain scarce. The primary aim of this study was to conduct a literature review, based on a narrative methodology, on the current understanding of the plant-microorganism interaction in coffee production. Additionally, it aimed to explore the impacts of microorganisms on plant growth, fruit production, and the fermentation processes, directly influencing the ultimate quality of the coffee beverage. Articles were sourced from ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using specific search terms such as "coffee microorganisms", "microorganisms-coffee interactions", "coffee fermentation", "coffee quality", and 'coffee post-harvest processing". The articles used were published in English between 2000 and 2023. Selection criteria involved thoroughly examining articles to ensure their inclusion was based on results about the contribution of microorganisms to both the production and quality of the coffee beverage. The exploration of microorganisms associated with the coffee plant and its fruit presents opportunities for bioprospecting, potentially leading to targeted fermentations via starter cultures, consequently generating new profiles. This study synthesizes existing data on the current understanding of the coffee-associated microbiome, its functionalities within ecosystems, the metabolic products generated by microorganisms, and their impacts on fermentation processes and grain and beverage quality. It highlights the importance of plant-microorganism interactions in the coffee production chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Dos Santos Gomes
- Genetic Improvement Program, Federal University of Espírito Santo, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29375-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Louzada Pereira
- Coffee Design Group, Venda Nova Do Imigrante, Federal Institute of Espírito Santo (IFES), Rua Elizabeth Minete Perim, S/N, Bairro São Rafael, Espírito Santo-ES 29375-000, Brazil.
| | - José Maria Rodrigues da Luz
- Department of Microbiology, Mycorrhizal Associations Laboratory - LAMIC Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Ph Rolfs Avenue S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais-MG 6570-000, Brazil
| | - Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Mycorrhizal Associations Laboratory - LAMIC Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Ph Rolfs Avenue S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais-MG 6570-000, Brazil
| | - Tomás Gomes Reis Veloso
- Department of Microbiology, Mycorrhizal Associations Laboratory - LAMIC Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Ph Rolfs Avenue S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais-MG 6570-000, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz Partelli
- Genetic Improvement Program, Federal University of Espírito Santo, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29375-000, Brazil
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Natarajan S, Balachandar D, Paranidharan V. Inhibitory effects of epiphytic Kluyveromyces marxianus from Indian senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) on growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 406:110368. [PMID: 37639733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination are considered the major constraints in senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) export. Using native epiphytic yeast to control phytopathogens is a successful strategy for managing plant diseases. In the present investigation, we exploited the antagonistic potential of epiphytic yeast isolates obtained from senna against A. flavus growth and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production. Four Kluyveromyces marxianus strains (YSL3, YSL16, YSP12, and YSF9) exhibited vigorous antagonistic activity with a maximum inhibition of 64 %. In vivo evaluation of senna pods showed that K. marxianus strains effectively reduced A. flavus colonization with a population range of 5.87 to 7.08 log10 CFU/g. In contrast, the untreated senna pods were found to have severe fungal colonization with a population of 7.84 log10 CFU/g. In addition, HPLC analysis showed that aflatoxin B1 in senna pods was drastically reduced upon yeast treatment up to 14 DAI. Furthermore, we demonstrated the antifungal action mechanisms of K. marxianus, such as surface colonizing ability on pods, production of antifungal volatiles (VOCs), siderophores, extracellular lytic enzymes, and cell wall binding ability to AFB1. All four strains of K. marxianus showed rapid colonization on the senna pod, and YSP12 reached the maximum population of 7.18 log10 CFU/pod at 9 days after inoculation (DAI). The exposure of A. flavus to K. marxianus VOCs significantly reduced the growth by up to 99 and 93.2 % at 7 and 14 DAI, respectively. Scanning electron microscopic images demonstrated severe mycelial damage and hyphal deformities of A. flavus. In addition, yeast VOCs can reduce aflatoxin biosynthesis in A. flavus by up to 99 and 93.2 % at 7 and 14 DAI, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of antimicrobial compounds such as dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl acetate, ethanol, 3-methyl butanal, 2-methyl-1-butanol, and 3-methyl-1-butanol in the volatiles. K. marxianus strains produced siderophores and hydrolytic enzymes such as chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. A higher AFB1 binding ability was observed in the heat-killed cells (47.5 to 70.65 %) than in the viable cells (43.16 to 60.98 %) of K. marxianus. The current study demonstrated that epiphytic K. marxianus isolated from senna could be a successful biocontrol source to reduce aflatoxin contamination in senna pods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Natarajan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Biology and Environment Science, Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dananjeyan Balachandar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vaikuntavasan Paranidharan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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10
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Moore GG, Chalivendra S, Mack BM, Gilbert MK, Cary JW, Rajasekaran K. Microbiota of maize kernels as influenced by Aspergillus flavus infection in susceptible and resistant inbreds. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1291284. [PMID: 38029119 PMCID: PMC10657875 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1291284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nearly everything on Earth harbors a microbiome. A microbiome is a community of microbes (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) with potential to form complex networks that involve mutualistic and antagonistic interactions. Resident microbiota on/in an organism are determined by the external environment, both biotic and abiotic, and the intrinsic adaptability of each organism. Although the maize microbiome has been characterized, community changes that result from the application of fungal biocontrol strains, such as non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus, have not. Methods We silk channel inoculated field-grown maize separately with a non-aflatoxigenic biocontrol strain (K49), a highly toxigenic strain (Tox4), and a combination of both A. flavus strains. Two maize inbreds were treated, A. flavus-susceptible B73 and A. flavus-resistant CML322. We then assessed the impacts of A. flavus introduction on the epibiota and endobiota of their maize kernels. Results We found that the native microbial communities were significantly affected, irrespective of genotype or sampled tissue. Overall, bacteriomes exhibited greater diversity of genera than mycobiomes. The abundance of certain genera was unchanged by treatment, including genera of bacteria (e.g., Enterobacter, Pantoea) and fungi (e.g., Sarocladium, Meyerozyma) that are known to be beneficial, antagonistic, or both on plant growth and health. Conclusion Beneficial microbes like Sarocladium that responded well to A. flavus biocontrol strains are expected to enhance biocontrol efficacy, while also displacing/antagonizing harmful microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geromy G. Moore
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Subbaiah Chalivendra
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Brian M. Mack
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Matthew K. Gilbert
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Cary
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, LA, United States
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11
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Duan WY, Zhang SB, Lei JD, Qin YL, Li YN, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Cai JP, Hu YS. Protection of postharvest grains from fungal spoilage by biogenic volatiles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3375-3390. [PMID: 37115251 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Fungal spoilage of postharvest grains poses serious problems with respect to food safety, human health, and the economic value of grains. The protection of cereal grains from deleterious fungi is a critical aim in postharvest grain management. Considering the bulk volume of grain piles in warehouses or bins and food safety, fumigation with natural gaseous fungicides is a promising strategy to control fungal contamination on postharvest grains. Increasing research has focused on the antifungal properties of biogenic volatiles. This review summarizes the literature related to the effects of biogenic volatiles from microbes and plants on spoilage fungi on postharvest grains and highlights the underlying antifungal mechanisms. Key areas for additional research on fumigation with biogenic volatiles in postharvest grains are noted. The research described in this review supports the protective effects of biogenic volatiles against grain spoilage by fungi, providing a basis for their expanded application in the management of postharvest grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Duan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Dong Lei
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Qin
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Nan Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ping Cai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang J, Tang X, Cai Y, Zhou WW. Mycotoxin Contamination Status of Cereals in China and Potential Microbial Decontamination Methods. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040551. [PMID: 37110209 PMCID: PMC10143121 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of mycotoxins in cereals can pose a significant health risk to animals and humans. China is one of the countries that is facing cereal contamination by mycotoxins. Treating mycotoxin-contaminated cereals with established physical and chemical methods can lead to negative effects, such as the loss of nutrients, chemical residues, and high energy consumption. Therefore, microbial detoxification techniques are being considered for reducing and treating mycotoxins in cereals. This paper reviews the contamination of aflatoxins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, and ochratoxin A in major cereals (rice, wheat, and maize). Our discussion is based on 8700 samples from 30 provincial areas in China between 2005 and 2021. Previous research suggests that the temperature and humidity in the highly contaminated Chinese cereal-growing regions match the growth conditions of potential antagonists. Therefore, this review takes biological detoxification as the starting point and summarizes the methods of microbial detoxification, microbial active substance detoxification, and other microbial inhibition methods for treating contaminated cereals. Furthermore, their respective mechanisms are systematically analyzed, and a series of strategies for combining the above methods with the treatment of contaminated cereals in China are proposed. It is hoped that this review will provide a reference for subsequent solutions to cereal contamination problems and for the development of safer and more efficient methods of biological detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xi Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Cai
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Boukaew S, Mahasawat P, Petlamul W, Sattayasamitsathit S, Surinkaew S, Chuprom J, Prasertsan P. Application of antifungal metabolites from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 for maize grain coating formulations and their efficacy as biofungicide during storage. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:157. [PMID: 37043017 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The major safety risk of maize grain is contamination with mycotoxins. In this study, a maize-coating formulation containing freeze-dried culture filtrate of Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 (DCF RL-1-178) was developed and evaluated to prevent the growth of mycotoxins during maize grain storage. In vitro studies using confrontation tests on PDA plates indicated that S. philanthi RL-1-178 inhibited the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus TISTR 3276 (89.0%) and A. flavus PSRDC-4 (95.0%). The maize grain coating formulations containing the DCF RL-1-178 (0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/v)) and the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-K90, 4.0% (w/v)) were tested for their efficacy in In vitro and during 5 months storage. In In vitro assay, maize coating formular containing the optimum concentration (15.0%, v/v) of the DCF RL-1-178 exhibited 54.80% and 54.17% inhibition on the growth of A. parasiticus TISTR 3276 and A. flavus PSRDC-4 respectively. The inhibition was also illustrated by the microstructures of interactions between the coated maize grains with or without the DCF RL-1-178 and the fungal pathogens observed under microscope and SEM. Incorporating the DCF RL-1-178 or fungicidal Metalaxyl® into the polymer PVP-K90 maize grains coating resulted in the complete inhibition of the production of aflatoxin B1 (analysed by HPLC) by the two aflatoxigenic pathogens after 5 months storage at room temperature. However, the shelf-life was shortened to only 3 months during storage at room temperature with 90% relative humidity. Overall, the application of the 10-15% DCF RL-1-178 into the maize grain coating formular provides a new alternative measure to control the mycotoxins during storage for at least 5 months. The In vitro cell cytotoxicity study showed that a concentration of 15% (v/v) or 1000 μg/mL of the DCF RL-1-178 had a strong cytotoxic effect on Vero cells. These findings indicate that DCF RL-1-178 is a potential biofungicide for controlling mycotoxins contamination in maize seed storage for planting, but not maize grain storage for animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawai Boukaew
- College of Innovation and Management, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand.
| | - Pawika Mahasawat
- Programme in Biology and Applied Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand
| | - Wanida Petlamul
- College of Innovation and Management, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand
| | - Supalak Sattayasamitsathit
- Phitsanulok Seed Research and Development Center, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Phitsanulok, 65130, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Surinkaew
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Julalak Chuprom
- School of Languages and General Education, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Poonsuk Prasertsan
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, 90110, Thailand
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Spatz M, Da Costa G, Ventin-Holmberg R, Planchais J, Michaudel C, Wang Y, Danne C, Lapiere A, Michel ML, Kolho KL, Langella P, Sokol H, Richard ML. Antibiotic treatment using amoxicillin-clavulanic acid impairs gut mycobiota development through modification of the bacterial ecosystem. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:73. [PMID: 37032359 PMCID: PMC10084673 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of antibiotics on gut bacteria have been widely studied, but very little is known about the consequences of such treatments on the fungal microbiota (mycobiota). It is commonly believed that fungal load increases in the gastrointestinal tract following antibiotic treatment, but better characterization is clearly needed of how antibiotics directly or indirectly affect the mycobiota and thus the entire microbiota. DESIGN We used samples from humans (infant cohort) and mice (conventional and human microbiota-associated mice) to study the consequences of antibiotic treatment (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) on the intestinal microbiota. Bacterial and fungal communities were subjected to qPCR or 16S and ITS2 amplicon-based sequencing for microbiota analysis. In vitro assays further characterized bacterial-fungal interactions, with mixed cultures between specific bacteria and fungi. RESULTS Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment triggered a decrease in the total fungal population in mouse feces, while other antibiotics had opposite effects on the fungal load. This decrease is accompanied by a total remodelling of the fungal population with the enrichment in Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Valsa genera. In the presence of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, microbiota analysis showed a remodeling of bacterial microbiota with an increase in specific bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae. Using in vitro assays, we isolated different Enterobacteriaceae species and explored their effect on different fungal strains. We showed that Enterobacter hormaechei was able to reduce the fungal population in vitro and in vivo through yet unknown mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Bacteria and fungi have strong interactions within the microbiota; hence, the perturbation initiated by an antibiotic treatment targeting the bacterial community can have complex consequences and can induce opposite alterations of the mycobiota. Interestingly, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid treatment has a deleterious effect on the fungal community, which may have been partially due to the overgrowth of specific bacterial strains with inhibiting or competing effects on fungi. This study provides new insights into the interactions between fungi and bacteria of the intestinal microbiota and might offer new strategies to modulate gut microbiota equilibrium. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Spatz
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France.
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France.
| | - Gregory Da Costa
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Rebecka Ventin-Holmberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julien Planchais
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Chloé Michaudel
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Camille Danne
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Alexia Lapiere
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Marie-Laure Michel
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France
- Gastroenterology Department, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Saint Antoine Hospital, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Mathias L Richard
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, France.
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, 75012, France.
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Nazareth TDM, Calpe J, Luz C, Mañes J, Meca G. Manufacture of a Potential Antifungal Ingredient Using Lactic Acid Bacteria from Dry-Cured Sausages. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071427. [PMID: 37048247 PMCID: PMC10093346 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in functional foods has fueled the hunt for novel lactic acid bacteria (LAB) found in natural sources such as fermented foods. Thus, the aims of this study were to isolate, identify, characterize, and quantify LAB’s antifungal activity and formulate an ingredient for meat product applications. The overlay method performed a logical initial screening by assessing isolated bacteria’s antifungal activity in vitro. Next, the antifungal activity of the fermented bacteria-free supernatants (BFS) was evaluated by agar diffusion assay against six toxigenic fungi. Subsequently, the antifungal activity of the most antifungal BFS was quantified using the microdilution method in 96-well microplates. The meat broth that showed higher antifungal activity was selected to elaborate on an ingredient to be applied to meat products. Finally, antifungal compounds such as organic acids, phenolic acids, and volatile organic compounds were identified in the chosen-fermented meat broth. The most promising biological candidates belonged to the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus. P. pentosaceus C15 distinguished from other bacteria by the production of antifungal compounds such as nonanoic acid and phenyl ethyl alcohol, as well as the higher production of lactic and acetic acid.
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Antifungal mechanisms of volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX as biological fumigants against Botrytis cinerea. Microbiol Res 2023; 267:127253. [PMID: 36455309 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the antifungal mechanisms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX against Botrytis cinerea, biochemical analyses and transcriptomic techniques were employed in this work. The results showed that P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs can increase the cell membrane permeability of B. cinerea and disrupt cell membrane integrity, resulting in leakage of the pathogen's cellular contents, inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis (about 76%), and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, for B. cinerea respiration, P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs (1 × 109 CFU /mL) significantly inhibited the activities of ATPase (55.7%), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) (33.1%), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (57.9%), seriously interfering with energy metabolism and causing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of B. cinerea following exposure to VOCs revealed 4590 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1388 upregulated, 3202 downregulated). Through GO analysis, these DEGs were determined to be enriched in intrinsic components of membrane, integral components of membrane, and membrane parts, while KEGG analysis indicated that they were enriched in many amino acid metabolism pathways. Significantly, the DEGs related to ergosterol biosynthesis, ATPase, mitochondrial respiratory chain, malate dehydrogenase, and cell membrane showed down-regulation, corroborating the biochemical analyses. Taken together, these results suggest that the antifungal activity of P. fluorescens ZX-producing VOCs against B. cinerea occurs primary mechanisms: causing significant damage to the cell membrane, negatively affecting respiration, and interfering with amino acid metabolism.
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Volatiles from Pseudomonas palleroniana Strain B-BH16-1 Suppress Aflatoxin Production and Growth of Aspergillus flavus on Coix lacryma-jobi during Storage. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15010077. [PMID: 36668896 PMCID: PMC9861347 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Semen coicis is not only a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but also a typical food in China, with significant medical and healthcare value. Because semen coicis is rich in starch and oil, it can be easily contaminated with Aspergillus flavus and its aflatoxins (AFs). Preventing and controlling the contamination of semen coicis with Aspergillus flavus and its aflatoxins is vital to ensuring its safety as a drug and as a food. In this study, the endosphere bacteria Pseudomonas palleroniana strain B-BH16-1 produced volatiles that strongly inhibited the mycelial growth and spore formation activity of A. flavus. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling revealed three volatiles emitted from B-BH16-1, of which 1-undecene was the most abundant. We obtained authentic reference standards for these three volatiles; these significantly reduced mycelial growth and sporulation in Aspergillus, with dimethyl disulfide showing the most robust inhibitory activity. Strain B-BH16-1 was able to completely inhibit the biosynthesis of aflatoxins in semen coicis samples during storage by emitting volatile bioactive components. The microscope revealed severely damaged mycelia and a complete lack of sporulation. This newly identified plant endophyte bacterium was able to strongly inhibit the sporulation and growth of Aspergillus and the synthesis of associated mycotoxins, thus not only providing valuable information regarding an efficient potential strategy for the prevention of A. flavus contamination in TCM and food, but potentially also serving as a reference in the control of toxic fungi.
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Impact of Volatile Organic Compounds on the Growth of Aspergillus flavus and Related Aflatoxin B1 Production: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415557. [PMID: 36555197 PMCID: PMC9779742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are secondary metabolites of varied chemical nature that are emitted by living beings and participate in their interactions. In addition, some VOCs called bioactive VOCs cause changes in the metabolism of other living species that share the same environment. In recent years, knowledge on VOCs emitted by Aspergillus flavus, the main species producing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a highly harmful mycotoxin, has increased. This review presents an overview of all VOCs identified as a result of A. flavus toxigenic (AFB1-producing) and non-toxigenic (non AFB1-producing) strains growth on different substrates, and the factors influencing their emissions. We also included all bioactive VOCs, mixes of VOCs or volatolomes of microbial species that impact A. flavus growth and/or related AFB1 production. The modes of action of VOCs impacting the fungus development are presented. Finally, the potential applications of VOCs as biocontrol agents in the context of mycotoxin control are discussed.
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Biocontrol potential of 1-pentanal emitted from lactic acid bacteria strains against Aspergillus flavus in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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The Inhibitory Effect of Pseudomonas stutzeri YM6 on Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxins Production by the Production of Volatile Dimethyl Trisulfide. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110788. [PMID: 36422962 PMCID: PMC9698575 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus and the produced aflatoxins cause great hazards to food security and human health across all countries. The control of A. flavus and aflatoxins in grains during storage is of great significance to humans. In the current study, bacteria strain YM6 isolated from sea sediment was demonstrated effective in controlling A. flavus by the production of anti-fungal volatiles. According to morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, strain YM6 was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri. YM6 can produce abundant volatile compounds which could inhibit mycelial growth and conidial germination of A. flavus. Moreover, it greatly prevented fungal infection and aflatoxin production on maize and peanuts during storage. The inhibition rate was 100%. Scanning electron microscopy further supported that the volatiles could destroy the cell structure of A. flavus and prevent conidia germination on the grain surface. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) with a relative abundance of 13% is the most abundant fraction in the volatiles from strain YM6. The minimal inhibitory concentration of DMTS to A. flavus conidia is 200 µL/L (compound volume/airspace volume). Thus, we concluded that Pseudomonas stutzeri YM6 and the produced DMTS showed great inhibition to A. flavus, which could be considered as effective biocontrol agents in further application.
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Volatiles of antagonistic soil yeasts inhibit growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus. Microbiol Res 2022; 263:127150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lin CM, Patel AK, Chiu YC, Hou CY, Kuo CH, Dong CD, Chen HL. The application of novel rotary plasma jets to inhibit the aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus and the spoilage fungus, Aspergillus niger on peanuts. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Galván AI, Hernández A, Córdoba MDG, Martín A, Serradilla MJ, López-Corrales M, Rodríguez A. Control of toxigenic Aspergillus spp. in dried figs by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from antagonistic yeasts. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 376:109772. [PMID: 35667262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger are fungi which can contaminate dried figs before and after harvest and consequently produce aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Many approaches have been applied to minimise the growth of these filamentous fungi, mainly involving the use of synthetic fungicides which are limited due to their negative impact on human health and the environment. In this context, biocontrol is a recent approach that needs to be explored. This study evaluated the potential of three volatile organic compounds (VOCs), octanoic acid (OA), 2-phenylethyl acetate (2PEA) and furfuryl acetate (FA), produced by Hanseniaspora uvarum and Hanseniaspora opuntiae yeasts on the growth, germination, gene expression and production of AFs and OTA by A. flavus M144 and A. niger M185 on dried fig-based agar and the incidence rates in dried figs. Two of the three VOCs evaluated (2PEA and FA) effectively controlled A. flavus M144 and A. niger M185 by using at least amounts of 50 μL (715 μL/L in the headspace) for FA and 100 μL (1430 μL/L in the headspace) for 2PEA in dried figs. One of the mode of actions of both compounds consists in early repressing the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of AFs (aflR) and OTA (pks) of A. flavus and A. niger, respectively. The results of this study support the application of 2PEA and FA at the early post-harvest stages of dried figs to control mycotoxin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Galván
- Área de Fruticultura, Centro de Investigaciones Finca La Orden-Valdesequera (CICYTEX), Autovía Madrid-Lisboa, s/n, 06187 Guadajira, Spain
| | - Alejandro Hernández
- Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Instituto Universitario de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra. de Cáceres s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - María de Guía Córdoba
- Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Instituto Universitario de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra. de Cáceres s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín
- Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Instituto Universitario de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra. de Cáceres s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Manuel Joaquín Serradilla
- Área de Postcosecha, Instituto Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX), Avenida Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Margarita López-Corrales
- Área de Fruticultura, Centro de Investigaciones Finca La Orden-Valdesequera (CICYTEX), Autovía Madrid-Lisboa, s/n, 06187 Guadajira, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Instituto Universitario de Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra. de Cáceres s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
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Sánchez R, Pérez-Nevado F, Montero-Fernández I, Lozano J, Meléndez F, Martín-Vertedor D. Application of Electronic Nose to Discriminate Species of Mold Strains in Synthetic Brines. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:897178. [PMID: 35602089 PMCID: PMC9120861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.897178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of the brine for Spanish-style table olives plays a crucial role during the fermentation process. Traditional laboratory analysis requires a high consumption of reagents, highly qualified personnel, sophisticated equipment, long analysis times, and large amounts of samples. Analysis carried out using an electronic nose (E-nose) offers an alternative, non-destructive technique and is useful in determining alterations in brines caused by microorganisms. In the present research, nine mold strains isolated from spoiled olives were inoculated in synthetic brines to determine the effect of microbial development on sensory quality, volatile profile, and the capacity of E-nose to discriminate altered brines from the healthy ones. The brines inoculated with the mold strains presented negative attributes related to aromas of mold, wood, leather, rancidity and, organic solvents among others. The highest intensity of defect was presented by the brines inoculated with the strains Galactomyces geotricum (G.G.2); three Penicillium expansum (P.E.3, P.E.4, and P.E.20); one Penicillium glabrum (P.G.19); three Aspergillus flavus (A.F.9, A.F.18, and A.F.21); and one Fusarium solani (F.S.11). A total of 19 volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography. Sensory analysis allowed us to classify the synthetic brines based on the degree of alteration produced by the mold strains used. Also, the E-nose data were able to discriminate the inoculated brines regardless of the intensity of the defect. These results demonstrate the capacity of the E-nose to discriminate alterations in brines produced by molds, thereby making it a useful tool to be applied during the elaboration process to detect early alterations in table olive fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Sánchez
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX-INTAEX, Junta of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez-Nevado
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Badajoz, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco Pérez-Nevado,
| | - Ismael Montero-Fernández
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, School of Agrarian Engineering, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Badajoz, Spain
- Industrial Engineering School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Félix Meléndez
- Industrial Engineering School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Daniel Martín-Vertedor
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX-INTAEX, Junta of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Badajoz, Spain
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Determination of antifungal volatile organic compounds of upland rice vinegar and their inhibition effects on Aspergillus flavus in dried chili pepper. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Application of the in-situ biological detoxification polymer for the improvement of AFB1 detoxification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gong A, Wang G, Sun Y, Song M, Dimuna C, Gao Z, Wang H, Yang P. Dual activity of Serratia marcescens Pt-3 in phosphate-solubilizing and production of antifungal volatiles. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:26. [PMID: 35026980 PMCID: PMC8756677 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Soil fertility decline and pathogen infection are severe issues for crop production all over the world. Microbes as inherent factors in soil were effective in alleviating fertility decrease, promoting plant growth and controlling plant pathogens et al. Thus, screening microbes with fertility improving and pathogen controlling properties is of great importance to humans.
Results
Bacteria Pt-3 isolated from tea rhizosphere showed multiple functions in solubilizing insoluble phosphate, promoting plant growth, producing abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inhibiting the growth of important fungal pathogens in vitro. According to the 16S rRNA phylogenetic and biochemical analysis, Pt-3 was identified to be Serratia marcescens. The solubilizing zone of Pt-3 in the medium of lecithin and Ca3(PO4)2 was 2.1 cm and 1.8 cm respectively. In liquid medium and soil, the concentration of soluble phosphorus reached 343.9 mg.L− 1, and 3.98 mg.kg− 1, and significantly promoted the growth of maize seedling, respectively. Moreover, Pt-3 produced abundant volatiles and greatly inhibited the growth of seven important phytopathogens. The inhibition rate ranged from 75.51 to 100% respectively. Solid phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proved that the antifungal volatile was dimethyl disulfide. Dimethyl disulfide can inhibit the germination of Aspergillus flavus, and severely destroy the cell structures under scanning electron microscopy.
Conclusions
S. marcescens Pt-3 with multiple functions will provide novel agent for the production of bioactive fertilizer with P-solubilizing and fungal pathogens control activity.
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Sahu KP, Patel A, Kumar M, Sheoran N, Mehta S, Reddy B, Eke P, Prabhakaran N, Kumar A. Integrated Metabarcoding and Culturomic-Based Microbiome Profiling of Rice Phyllosphere Reveal Diverse and Functional Bacterial Communities for Blast Disease Suppression. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:780458. [PMID: 34917058 PMCID: PMC8669949 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.780458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllosphere-the harsh foliar plant part exposed to vagaries of environmental and climatic variables is a unique habitat for microbial communities. In the present work, we profiled the phyllosphere microbiome of the rice plants using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (hereafter termed metabarcoding) and the conventional microbiological methods (culturomics) to decipher the microbiome assemblage, composition, and their functions such as antibiosis and defense induction against rice blast disease. The blast susceptible rice genotype (PRR78) harbored far more diverse bacterial species (294 species) than the resistant genotype (Pusa1602) that showed 193 species. Our metabarcoding of bacterial communities in phyllomicrobiome revealed the predominance of the phylum, Proteobacteria, and its members Pantoea, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Erwinia on the phyllosphere of both rice genotypes. The microbiological culturomic validation of metabarcoding-taxonomic annotation further confirmed the prevalence of 31 bacterial isolates representing 11 genera and 16 species with the maximum abundance of Pantoea. The phyllomicrobiome-associated bacterial members displayed antifungal activity on rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, by volatile and non-volatile metabolites. Upon phyllobacterization of rice cultivar PB1, the bacterial species such as Enterobacter sacchari, Microbacterium testaceum, Pantoea ananatis, Pantoea dispersa, Pantoea vagans, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Rhizobium sp., and Sphingomonas sp. elicited a defense response and contributed to the suppression of blast disease. qRT-PCR-based gene expression analysis indicated over expression of defense-associated genes such as OsCEBiP, OsCERK1, and phytohormone-associated genes such as OsPAD4, OsEDS1, OsPR1.1, OsNPR1, OsPDF2.2, and OsFMO in phyllobacterized rice seedlings. The phyllosphere bacterial species showing blast suppressive activity on rice were found non-plant pathogenic in tobacco infiltration assay. Our comparative microbiome interrogation of the rice phyllosphere culminated in the isolation and identification of agriculturally significant bacterial communities for blast disease management in rice farming through phyllomicrobiome engineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuleshwar Prasad Sahu
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Asharani Patel
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelam Sheoran
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- Crop Improvement Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhaskar Reddy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pierre Eke
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aundy Kumar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Xu M, Guo J, Li T, Zhang C, Peng X, Xing K, Qin S. Antibiotic Effects of Volatiles Produced by Bacillus tequilensis XK29 against the Black Spot Disease Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in Postharvest Sweet Potato. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13045-13054. [PMID: 34705454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Black spot disease caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata is destructive to the production, transportation, and storage of sweet potato. The antifungal effects of Bacillus tequilensis XK29 against C. fimbriata through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were evaluated in this study. The activated carbon assay proved that XK29 could exert antibiotic effects through volatiles. By optimizing the wheat seed weight, inoculation method, concentration, volume, and time, the antifungal activity of XK29 was significantly improved. XK29 fumigation inhibited spore formation and germination and changed the cell morphology of C. fimbriata. During the storage of sweet potato tuber roots, XK29 effectively controlled black spot disease and reduced the weight loss and malondialdehyde content. Metabolomic analysis revealed that 21 volatile compounds were released from XK29. Isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid, and 2-methylbutanoic acid effectively inhibited the growth of C. fimbriata. These results indicate that B. tequilensis XK29 has a good potential to be developed as a microbial fumigation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Xu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jianheng Guo
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tengjie Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- Wanbang Biopharmaceuticals Group Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ke Xing
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Qin
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Antifungal efficacy of paeonol on Aspergillus flavus and its mode of action on cell walls and cell membranes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Sun D, Mao J, Wang Z, Li H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Li P. Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxins production on peanuts over α-Fe 2O 3 nanorods under sunlight irradiation. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 353:109296. [PMID: 34147839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peanut is an important resource of edible oil and digestible protein in daily life, which is rich in the nutriments and antioxidants such as vitamins, minerals and polyphenols. However, peanut is susceptible to the contamination of Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus), which can produce highly carcinogenic toxins that brings serious threats to human health and food safety. Exploring green and effective methods to control A. flavus is meaningful. Herein, a green and economical way to control A. flavus on peanuts was demonstrated. It was found that the growth of A. flavus hyphae and germination of its spores could be inhibited in the presence of α-Fe2O3 nanorods under sunlight irradiation according to the agar diffusion method, flat colony counting method and fluorescence-based live/dead test. The diameter of inhibition zone was 22.3 ± 0.2 mm and the inhibition rate of spores germination was about 60 ± 5%, when the concentration of α-Fe2O3 was 10 mg/mL for 7 h sunlight irradiation. Most important, α-Fe2O3 showed the photocatalytic inhibition of A. flavus on peanuts under sunlight irradiation with the inhibition rate of about 90 ± 5%, and the production of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 were reduced by 90 ± 2% and 70 ± 3%, respectively. By comparing the fat contents, protein contents, acid value, peroxide value and antioxidative compositions of peanuts, it was found that there was no obvious effect on the quality of peanuts after inhibition treatment. The findings provide a green, safe and economical strategy to control A. flavus on peanuts, which may be as a promising way to be used in food and agro-food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sun
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jin Mao
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hui Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing P.R.China, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseed Products (Wuhan), Quality Inspection & Test Center for Oilseed Products, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China
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Ma W, Johnson ET. Natural flavour (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal as a potential fumigant for control of Aspergillus flavus in stored peanut seeds: Finding new antifungal agents based on preservative sorbic acid. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Zhang Y, Li T, Xu M, Guo J, Zhang C, Feng Z, Peng X, Li Z, Xing K, Qin S. Antifungal effect of volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of Ceratocystis fimbriata. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 173:104777. [PMID: 33771256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ceratocystis fimbriata is the pathogen of black rot disease, which widely exists in sweet potato producing areas all over the world. The antifungal activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 against C. fimbriata was reported in our previous study. In this study, we attempted to reveal the underlying antifungal mechanism of SPS-41 volatiles. Our results showed that the VOCs released by SPS-41 caused the morphological change of hyphae, destroyed the integrity of cell membrane, reduced the content of ergosterol, and induced massive accumulation of reactive oxygen species in C. fimbriata cells. Furthermore, SPS-41 fumigation decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, acetyl-CoA and pyruvate content of C. fimbriata cells, as well as the mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity. In addition, the VOCs generated by SPS-41 reduced the intracellular ATP content and increased the extracellular ATP content of C. fimbriata. In summary, SPS-41 fumigation exerted its antifungal activity by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in C. fimbriata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tengjie Li
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianheng Guo
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zongyun Li
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke Xing
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Sheng Qin
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
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Blocking and degradation of aflatoxins by cold plasma treatments: Applications and mechanisms. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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35
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Peles F, Sipos P, Kovács S, Győri Z, Pócsi I, Pusztahelyi T. Biological Control and Mitigation of Aflatoxin Contamination in Commodities. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13020104. [PMID: 33535580 PMCID: PMC7912779 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic secondary metabolites produced mostly by Aspergillus species. AF contamination entering the feed and food chain has been a crucial long-term issue for veterinarians, medicals, agroindustry experts, and researchers working in this field. Although different (physical, chemical, and biological) technologies have been developed, tested, and employed to mitigate the detrimental effects of mycotoxins, including AFs, universal methods are still not available to reduce AF levels in feed and food in the last decades. Possible biological control by bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, their excretes, the role of the ruminal degradation, pre-harvest biocontrol by competitive exclusion or biofungicides, and post-harvest technologies and practices based on biological agents currently used to alleviate the toxic effects of AFs are collected in this review. Pre-harvest biocontrol technologies can give us the greatest opportunity to reduce AF production on the spot. Together with post-harvest applications of bacteria or fungal cultures, these technologies can help us strictly reduce AF contamination without synthetic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Peles
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Péter Sipos
- Institute of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - Szilvia Kovács
- Central Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Products, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Győri
- Institute of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (P.S.); (Z.G.)
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Tünde Pusztahelyi
- Central Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Products, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-20-210-9491
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Volatilome and Bioaccessible Phenolics Profiles in Lab-Scale Fermented Bee Pollen. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020286. [PMID: 33572637 PMCID: PMC7911640 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee-collected pollen (BCP) is currently receiving increasing attention as a dietary supplement for humans. In order to increase the accessibility of nutrients for intestinal absorption, several biotechnological solutions have been proposed for BCP processing, with fermentation as one of the most attractive. The present study used an integrated metabolomic approach to investigate how the use of starter cultures may affect the volatilome and the profile of bioaccessible phenolics of fermented BCP. BCP fermented with selected microbial starters (Started-BCP) was compared to spontaneously fermented BCP (Unstarted-BCP) and to unprocessed raw BCP (Raw-BCP). Fermentation significantly increased the amount of volatile compounds (VOC) in both Unstarted- and Started-BCP, as well as modifying the relative proportions among the chemical groups. Volatile free fatty acids were the predominant VOC in Unstarted-BCP. Started-BCP was differentiated by the highest levels of esters and alcohols, although volatile free fatty acids were always prevailing. The profile of the VOC was dependent on the type of fermentation, which was attributable to the selected Apilactobacillus kunkeei and Hanseniaspora uvarum strains used as starters, or to the variety of yeasts and bacteria naturally associated to the BCP. Started-BCP and, to a lesser extent, Unstarted-BCP resulted in increased bioaccessible phenolics, which included microbial derivatives of phenolic acids metabolism.
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37
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Gong AD, Lian SB, Wu NN, Zhou YJ, Zhao SQ, Zhang LM, Cheng L, Yuan HY. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of catechins, caffeine and theanine biosynthesis in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) over the course of seasons. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:294. [PMID: 32600265 PMCID: PMC7322862 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catechins, caffeine, and theanine as three important metabolites in the tea leaves play essential roles in the formation of specific taste and shows potential health benefits to humans. However, the knowledge on the dynamic changes of these metabolites content over seasons, as well as the candidate regulatory factors, remains largely undetermined. RESULTS An integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic approach was used to analyze the dynamic changes of three mainly metabolites including catechins, caffeine, and theanine, and to explore the potential influencing factors associated with these dynamic changes over the course of seasons. We found that the catechins abundance was higher in Summer than that in Spring and Autumn, and the theanine abundance was significantly higher in Spring than that in Summer and Autumn, whereas caffeine exhibited no significant changes over three seasons. Transcriptomics analysis suggested that genes in photosynthesis pathway were significantly down-regulated which might in linkage to the formation of different phenotypes and metabolites content in the tea leaves of varied seasons. Fifty-six copies of nine genes in catechins biosynthesis, 30 copies of 10 genes in caffeine biosynthesis, and 12 copies of six genes in theanine biosynthesis were detected. The correlative analysis further presented that eight genes can be regulated by transcription factors, and highly correlated with the changes of metabolites abundance in tea-leaves. CONCLUSION Sunshine intensity as a key factor can affect photosynthesis of tea plants, further affect the expression of major Transcription factors (TFs) and structural genes in, and finally resulted in the various amounts of catechins, caffeine and theaine in tea-leaves over three seasons. These findings provide new insights into abundance and influencing factors of metabolites of tea in different seasons, and further our understanding in the formation of flavor, nutrition and medicinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Dong Gong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bin Lian
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan-Nan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhou
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Yu Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China.
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Kong WL, Rui L, Ni H, Wu XQ. Antifungal Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 Against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Liriodendron chinense × tulipifera. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1114. [PMID: 32547526 PMCID: PMC7271530 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by microorganisms for the biological control of plant diseases has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, the antifungal activity and identity of VOCs produced by Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of pine were determined and analyzed. The effect of the VOCs on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the pathogen of Liriodendron chinense × tulipifera black spot, was determined by a joined-petri dish fumigation method. An in vitro leaf inoculation method was used to determine the fumigation effect of the VOCs on Liriodendron black spot. VOCs with antifungal activity were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and their components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the VOCs secreted by JZ-GX1 inhibited the mycelial growth of the tested pathogen. The VOCs destroyed the morphology of the mycelium, significantly increased the permeability of the cell membrane and downregulated the expression of pathogenicity-related genes during mycelial infection, thus inhibiting the expansion of anthracnose disease spots in leaves. In the volatile compound profile, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethyl methyl ether significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides. This work provides a new strategy for the research and application of microorganisms and bioactive compounds to control plant anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Kong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Rui
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hang Ni
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Zhao Q, Qiu Y, Wang X, Gu Y, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Yue T, Yuan Y. Inhibitory Effects of Eurotium cristatum on Growth and Aflatoxin B 1 Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:921. [PMID: 32477315 PMCID: PMC7242626 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic strain Eurotium cristatum was isolated from Chinese Fuzhuan brick-tea and tested for its in vitro activity against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. Results indicated that E. cristatum can inhibit the radial growth of A. flavus. Furthermore, this inhibition might be caused by E. cristatum secondary metabolites. The ability of culture filtrate of strain E. cristatum against growth and aflatoxin B1 production by toxigenic A. flavus was evaluated in vitro. Meanwhile, the influence of filtrate on spore morphology of A. flavus was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results demonstrated that both radial growth of A. flavus and aflatoxin B1 production were significantly weakened following increases in the E. cristatum culture filtrate concentration. In addition, SEM showed that the culture filtrate seriously damaged hyphae morphology. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the E. cristatum culture supernatant revealed the presence of multiple antifungal compounds. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that the expression of aflatoxin biosynthesis-related genes (aflD, aflQ, and aflS) were down-regulated. Importantly, this latter occurrence resulted in a reduction of the AflS/AflR ratio. Interestingly, cell-free supernatants of E. cristatum facilitated the effective degradation of aflatoxin B1. In addition, two degradation products of aflatoxin B1 lacking the toxic and carcinogenic lactone ring were identified. A toxicity study on the HepG2 cells showed that the degradation compounds were less toxic when compared with AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
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Forest Tree Associated Bacterial Diffusible and Volatile Organic Compounds against Various Phytopathogenic Fungi. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040590. [PMID: 32325752 PMCID: PMC7232321 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can potentially be used as an alternative strategy to control plant diseases. In this study, strain ST-TJ4 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a healthy poplar was found to have a strong antifungal activity against 11 phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture and forestry. Strain ST-TJ4 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA-encoding gene sequences. The bacterium can produce siderophores, cellulase, and protease, and has genes involved in the synthesis of phenazine, 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and hydrogen cyanide. Additionally, the volatile compounds released by strain ST-TJ4 can inhibit the mycelial growth of plant pathogenic fungi more than diffusible substances can. Based on volatile compound profiles of strain ST-TJ4 obtained from headspace collection and GC-MS/MS analysis, 1-undecene was identified. In summary, the results suggested that Pseudomonas sp. ST-TJ4 can be used as a biocontrol agent for various plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi.
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