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Guerra-Camacho MÁ, Magaña-Tzuc MC, Vargas-Díaz AA, Silva-Rojas HV, Gamboa-Angulo M. [Identification and antifungal activity of halophilic bacteria isolated from saline soils in Campeche, México]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2024:S0325-7541(24)00023-3. [PMID: 38614909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria alternata and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides cause diseases in plant tissues as well as significant postharvest losses. The use of chemical fungicides for their control has negative effects on health and the environment. Secondary metabolites from halophilic bacteria are a promising alternative for new antifungal compounds. In the present study, halophilic bacteria were isolated and characterized from two sites with saline soils called branquizales in Campeche, Mexico. A total of 64 bacteria were isolated. Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Inquilinus, Gracilibacillus, Metabacillus, Neobacillus, Paenibacillus, Priestia, Staphylococcus, Streptomyces and Virgibacillus were among the identified genera. The antifungal potential of the culture supernatant (CS) of 39 halophilic bacteria was investigated against C. gloeosporioides and A. alternata. The bacteria showing the greatest inhibition of mycelial growth corresponded to Bacillus subtilis CPO 4292, Metabacillus sp. CPO 4266, Bacillus sp. CPO 4295 and Bacillus sp. CPO 4279. The CS of Bacillus sp. CPO 4279 exhibited the highest activity and its ethyl acetate extract (AcOEt) inhibited the germination of C. gloeosporioides, with IC50 values of 8,630μg/ml and IC90 of 10,720μg/ml. The organic partition of the AcOEt extract led to three fractions, with acetonitrile (FAcB9) showing the highest antifungal activity, with values exceeding 66%. Halophilic bacteria from 'blanquizales' soils of the genus Bacillus sp. produce metabolites with antifungal properties that inhibit the phytopathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arely A Vargas-Díaz
- CONAHCYT-Colegio de Postgraduados, Champotón, Campus Campeche, Campeche, México.
| | - Hilda V Silva-Rojas
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Producción de Semillas, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México
| | - Marcela Gamboa-Angulo
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Mérida, Yucatán, México
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Zhang B, Huang ZP, Si Y, Zhang KT, Xu XR, Chen JH, Zhao Q, Zhang XM. A new 1,4-benzoxazine derivative produced by endophytic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides B-142. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1341-1346. [PMID: 36323318 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2141735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrin A (1), a new 1,4-benzoxazine derivative, and eight known compounds, including two alkaloids (2-3), one acylamide (4), one benzaldehyde (5), and four sterols (6-9) were obtained from endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides B-142, which was isolated from Dracaena cochinchinensis. Among them, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-4,8-diol (2) was reported for the first time as natural product. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated with help of spectroscopic data including IR, UV, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC and HMBC). The antimicrobial activities were evaluated by disc diffusion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Pu Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yu Si
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Tao Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Rong Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hong Chen
- The First Outpatient Department of 940 Hospital of PLA, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhao
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P. R. China
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3
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Wang D, An B, Luo H, He C, Wang Q. Roles of CgEde1 and CgMca in Development and Virulence of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2943. [PMID: 38474190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose, induced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, poses a substantial economic threat to rubber tree yields and various other tropical crops. Ede1, an endocytic scaffolding protein, plays a crucial role in endocytic site initiation and maturation in yeast. Metacaspases, sharing structural similarities with caspase family proteases, are essential for maintaining cell fitness. To enhance our understanding of the growth and virulence of C. gloeosporioides, we identified a homologue of Ede1 (CgEde1) in C. gloeosporioides. The knockout of CgEde1 led to impairments in vegetative growth, conidiation, and pathogenicity. Furthermore, we characterized a weakly interacted partner of CgEde1 and CgMca (orthologue of metacaspase). Notably, both the single mutant ΔCgMca and the double mutant ΔCgEde1/ΔCgMca exhibited severe defects in conidiation and germination. Polarity establishment and pathogenicity were also disrupted in these mutants. Moreover, a significantly insoluble protein accumulation was observed in ΔCgMca and ΔCgEde1/ΔCgMca strains. These findings elucidate the mechanism by which CgEde1 and CgMca regulates the growth and pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides. Their regulation involves influencing conidiation, polarity establishment, and maintaining cell fitness, providing valuable insights into the intricate interplay between CgEde1 and CgMca in C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Bang An
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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4
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Feng L, Dong M, Huang Z, Wang Q, An B, He C, Wang Q, Luo H. CgCFEM1 Is Required for the Full Virulence of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2937. [PMID: 38474183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is widely distributed and causes anthracnose on many crops, resulting in serious economic losses. Common fungal extracellular membrane (CFEM) domain proteins have been implicated in virulence and their interaction with the host plant, but their roles in C. gloeosporioides are still unknown. In this study, a CFEM-containing protein of C. gloeosporioides was identified and named as CgCFEM1. The expression levels of CgCFEM1 were found to be markedly higher in appressoria, and this elevated expression was particularly pronounced during the initial stages of infection in the rubber tree. Absence of CgCFEM1 resulted in impaired pathogenicity, accompanied by notable perturbations in spore morphogenesis, conidiation, appressorium development and primary invasion. During the process of appressorium development, the absence of CgCFEM1 enhanced the mitotic activity in both conidia and germ tubes, as well as compromised conidia autophagy. Rapamycin was found to basically restore the appressorium formation, and the activity of target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase was significantly induced in the CgCFEM1 knockout mutant (∆CgCFEM1). Furthermore, CgCFEM1 was proved to suppress chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and change the expression patterns of defense-related genes. Collectively, we identified a fungal effector CgCFEM1 that contributed to pathogenicity by regulating TOR-mediated conidia and appressorium morphogenesis of C. gloeosporioides and inhibiting the defense responses of the rubber tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Feng
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Meixia Dong
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhirui Huang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Bang An
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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Fang Y, Xie Z, Zhang H, Xiong Q, Yu B, Cheng J, Shang W, Zhao J. Near-infrared-responsive CuS@Cu-MOF nanocomposite with high foliar retention and extended persistence for controlling strawberry anthracnose. J Control Release 2024; 367:837-847. [PMID: 38346502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Strawberry anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) exhibits a high pathogenicity, capable of directly infecting leaves through natural openings, resulting in devastating impacts on strawberries. Here, nanocomposite (CuS@Cu-MOF) was prepared with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 35.3% and a strong response to near-infrared light (NIR) by locally growing CuS nanoparticles on the surface of a copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) through in situ sulfurization. The porosity of Cu-MOF facilitated efficient encapsulation of the pesticide difenoconazole within CuS@Cu-MOF (DIF/CuS@Cu-MOF), achieving a loading potential of 19.18 ± 1.07%. Under NIR light irradiation, DIF/CuS@Cu-MOF showed an explosive release of DIF, which was 2.7 times higher than that under dark conditions. DIF/CuS@Cu-MOF exhibited a 43.9% increase in efficacy against C. gloeosporioides compared to difenoconazole microemulsion (DIF ME), demonstrating prolonged effectiveness. The EC50 values for DIF and DIF/CuS@Cu-MOF were 0.219 and 0.189 μg/mL, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that the fluorescently labeled CuS@Cu-MOF acted as a penetrative carrier for the uptake of hyphae. Furthermore, DIF/CuS@Cu-MOF exhibited more substantial resistance to rainwater wash-off than DIF ME, with retention levels on the surfaces of cucumber leaves (hydrophilicity) and peanut leaves (hydrophobicity) increasing by 36.5-fold and 9.4-fold, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of nanocomposite to enhance pesticide utilization efficiency and leaf retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhengang Xie
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Xiong
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jingli Cheng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Shang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jinhao Zhao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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González-Gutiérrez KN, Ragazzo-Sánchez JA, Calderón-Santoyo M. Field and postharvest application of microencapsulated Yamadazyma mexicana LPa14: anthracnose control and effect on postharvest quality in avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass). Pest Manag Sci 2024. [PMID: 38415946 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthracnose caused by species of Colletotrichum is the most important disease of avocado fruit. The quiescent infection develops in the field, hence, its control from the preharvest stage is necessary. The field application of microencapsulated Yamadazyma mexicana LPa14 could prevent the establishment of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and reduce the losses in avocado production. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of microencapsulated Y. mexicana applied in the field and postharvest for the anthracnose control in avocado, to evaluate the population dynamics of Y. mexicana in flowers and fruits and the effect of the yeast on the avocado quality. RESULTS The concentrations of microencapsulated Y. mexicana after field application ranged from 4.58 to 6.35 log CFU g-1 . The population of microencapsulated yeast in flowers and fruits was always higher than treatments with fresh cells. Preharvest application of fresh and microencapsulated Y. mexicana significantly reduced the severity of anthracnose by 71-80% and 84-96%, respectively, in avocado fruits stored at 25 °C. Moreover, at 6 °C and ripening at 25 °C, the fresh yeast reduced the severity by 87-90% and the microencapsulated yeast by 91-93%. However, yeast treatments applied in the field + postharvest under cool conditions were more effective in reducing 100% of anthracnose. Treatments did not negatively affect the quality parameters of the avocado fruits. CONCLUSION Yamadazyma mexicana microencapsulated by electrospraying is a promising bioformulation for the management of anthracnose in avocados at preharvest and postharvest levels. Yamadazyma mexicana offers a new biological control solution for growers in avocado orchards. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Nayely González-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic, Mexico
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Gupta S, Choudhary M, Singh B, Kushwaha M, Dhar MK, Kaul S. Green synthesis and biological evaluation of glaucanic acid and dihydrocompactin acid by endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum from Zingiber officinale. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:696-700. [PMID: 36896764 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2188210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are valued for biosynthesizing chemically diverse metabolic cascade with interesting biological activities. In the current investigation, two compounds were isolated from Penicillium polonicum, an endophyte of Zingiber officinale. The active moieties, glaucanic acid (1) and dihydrocompactin acid (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of P. polonicum and characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Further, bioactive potential of the isolated compounds was evaluated by antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity assays. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed antifungal activity against phytopathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with more than 50% reduction in its growth. Both the compounds exhibited antioxidant activity against free radicals (DPPH and ABTS) and cytotoxicity activity against cancer cell lines respectively. The compounds, glaucanic acid and dihydrocompactin acid are being reported for the first time from an endophytic fungus. This is the first report on the biological activities of Dihydrocompactin acid produced by endophytic fungal strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Gupta
- Fungal Biotech Lab, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Malvi Choudhary
- Fungal Biotech Lab, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Manoj K Dhar
- Fungal Biotech Lab, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Sanjana Kaul
- Fungal Biotech Lab, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
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Nishshankage K, Buddhinie PKC, Ezzat AO, Zhang X, Vithanage M. Antifungal efficacy of biogenic waste derived colloidal/nanobiochar against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. Environ Res 2024; 241:117621. [PMID: 37952852 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. usually resulting in significant postharvest losses in the banana production chain. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of corn cob colloidal/nanobiochar (CCN) and Gliricidia sepium wood colloidal/nanobiochar (GCN) on the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. The CCN and GCN materials were synthesized and thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including UV-Vis and Fluorescence spectroscopy. Then after the fungal growth was examined on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media supplemented with different CCN and GCN concentrations of 0.4 - 20 g/L and CCN and GCN with zeolite at various weight percentages of 10% to 50% w/w. Results from the characterization revealed that CCN exhibited a strong UV absorbance peak value of 0.630 at 203 nm, while GCN had a value of 0.305 at 204 nm. In terms of fluorescence emission, CCN displayed a strong peak intensity of 16,371 at 412 nm, whereas GCN exhibited a strong peak intensity of 32,691 at 411 nm. Both CCN and GCN, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 8 and 0.4 - 20 g/L, respectively, displayed notable reductions in mycelial densities and inhibited fungal growth compared to the control. Zeolite incorporation further enhanced the antifungal effect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the promising potential of colloidal/nanobiochar in effectively controlling anthracnose disease. The synthesized CCN and GCN demonstrate promising antifungal potential against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex, offering the potential for the development of novel and effective antifungal strategies for controlling anthracnose disease in Musa spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulathi Nishshankage
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - P K C Buddhinie
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Abdelrahman O Ezzat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Wu Y, Tan Y, Peng Q, Xiao Y, Xie J, Li Z, Ding H, Pan H, Wei L. Biocontrol potential of endophytic bacterium Bacillus altitudinis GS-16 against tea anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16761. [PMID: 38223761 PMCID: PMC10785793 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the main pathogens causing tea anthracnose disease, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has brought immeasurable impact on the sustainable development of agriculture. Given the adverse effects of chemical pesticides to the environment and human health, biological control has been a focus of the research on this pathogen. Bacillus altitudinis GS-16, which was isolated from healthy tea leaves, had exhibited strong antagonistic activity against tea anthracnose disease. Methods The antifungal mechanism of the endophytic bacterium GS-16 against C. gloeosporioides 1-F was determined by dual-culture assays, pot experiments, cell membrane permeability, cellular contents, cell metabolism, and the activities of the key defense enzymes. Results We investigated the possible mechanism of strain GS-16 inhibiting 1-F. In vitro, the dual-culture assays revealed that strain GS-16 had significant antagonistic activity (92.03%) against 1-F and broad-spectrum antifungal activity in all tested plant pathogens. In pot experiments, the disease index decreased to 6.12 after treatment with GS-16, indicating that strain GS-16 had a good biocontrol effect against tea anthracnose disease (89.06%). When the PE extract of GS-16 treated mycelial of 1-F, the mycelial appeared deformities, distortions, and swelling by SEM observations. Besides that, compared with the negative control, the contents of nucleic acids, protein, and total soluble sugar of GS-16 group were increased significantly, indicating that the PE extract of GS-16 could cause damage to integrity of 1-F. We also found that GS-16 obviously destroyed cellular metabolism and the normal synthesis of cellular contents. Additionally, treatment with GS-16 induced plant resistance by increasing the activities of the key defense enzymes PPO, SOD, CAT, PAL, and POD. Conclusions We concluded that GS-16 could damage cell permeability and integrity, destroy the normal synthesis of cellular contents, and induce plant resistance, which contributed to its antagonistic activity. These findings indicated that strain GS-16 could be used as an efficient microorganism for tea anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yumei Tan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qiuju Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institution of Supervision and Inspection Product Quality of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jiaofu Xie
- Guiyang No. 1 High School, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Haixia Ding
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Longfeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
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Jeong H, An S, Choi ED, Park SY. First Report of Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Cinnamomum camphora in Korea. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38173261 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-23-2188-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora, known as the camphor tree, is an evergreen tree widely cultivated in Asia as an ornamental plant (Singh and Jawaid, 2012). In June 2023, several leaves on a total of 10 trees planted on a street in Suncheon, Jeonnam Province, Korea showed black spots. Disease incidence was observed in at least 15% of the 10 trees. The symptoms included circular spots with a light ash-colored center and dark brown borders. The size of lesions varied depending on the progress of the disease. The disease progressed by 30% on the tree leaves. To isolate the pathogen, we cut out the lesions on the leaf surface sterilized with 70% ethanol for one minute, washed three times with sterilized distilled water, dried, and placed on water agar. Then, it was incubated at 25°C for three days. Emerging hyphae from the samples were subcultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA), resulting in three independent isolates (SYP-F1226-1 to SYP-F1226-3) after single spore isolation from 3 independent trees. The isolates exhibited grayish fluffy mycelium in the center of the colony, while the edges were white on PDA. Conidia had rounded cylindrical shape and were 4.9 to 8.4 µm 1.4 to 3.1 µm (avg. 5.9 2.1 μm, n = 100) in size. Appressoria were round, dark gray, produced at the tip of the germ tube after a septum formed the conidium. The morphological characteristics matched those of Colletotrichum species complexes. (Damm et al., 2012; Weir et al., 2012). For molecular identification, ITS (OR647338 to 40), GAPDH (OR657042 to 44), CHS-1 (OR657045 to 47), ACT (OR657048 to 50), and CAL (OR657051 to 53) sequences from isolates SYP-F1226-1~3 showed a 99.65%, 98.56%, 99.00%, 99.28%, and 99.52% identity with that of type strain C. gloeosporioides ICMP 17821 (JX010152, JX010056, JX009818, JX009531, and JX010445, respectively). Using the MEGA X program (Kumar et al. 2018), maximum likelihood analysis based on the concatenated sequences placed the isolates within a clade comprising C. gloeosporioides. Pathogenicity of SYP-F1226-1 was tested using three leaves from a 1-year-old branch of three independent healthy C. camphora plants. The leaf surfaces were sterilized by rubbing a cotton pad soaked in 70% ethanol and then wiping them with a sterilized cotton pad. The leaves per plant were inoculated with 5 mL of a conidial suspension (1 × 105 conidia/mL), both with and without wounding. Another three control leaves were inoculated with sterile distilled water, both with and without wounding. The inoculated leaves were wrapped in a plastic bag for 48 hours under conditions of 100% relative humidity. Spot symptoms were observed on both wounded and non-wounded leaves 21 days after inoculation. No symptoms were observed in the control on either of the wounded leaves. Pathogenicity tests were performed three times. The pathogen was re-isolated from the lesion after treatment, and its identity was confirmed using the five genes and morphological characteristics. This confirms the fulfillment of Koch's postulates. C. fioriniae (Liu et al, 2022) and C. siamens (Liu et al, 2022; Khoo et al, 2023) have been reported as the causal pathogen of anthracnose in C. camphora, but C. gloeosporioides has not been reported as a pathogen in C. camphora. To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose caused by C. gloeosporioides on C. camphora in Korea. This study will provide symptomatic, mycological, and molecular biological information for the early detection of anthracnose disease in C. camphora plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejun Jeong
- Plant Medicine, Suncheon, Korea (the Republic of);
| | | | - Eu Ddeum Choi
- Pear Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal ScienceNaju 58216Naju, Jeonnam, Korea (the Republic of), 58216;
| | - Sook-Young Park
- Sunchon National University, 65380, Plant Medicine, 255 Jungang-Ro, Suncheon, Korea (the Republic of), 57922
- Korea (the Republic of);
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Abdullah JT, Suryanti, Joko T. Application of Silica Nanoparticles in Combination with Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus thuringiensis for Anthracnose Disease Control in Shallot. Pak J Biol Sci 2024; 27:80-89. [PMID: 38516749 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2024.80.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Anthracnose in shallot contributes to significant losses. To solve this issue, silica nanoparticles, in combination with <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> and <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> were used together. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> <i>In vitro</i> antagonistic test of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> B-27 with <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> was carried out using dual culture and co-culture methods. Treatment in greenhouse experiments was carried out using single application of silica, <i>B. thuringiensis</i>, <i>B. velezensis</i>, a combination of <i>B. thuringiensis</i> and <i>B. velezensis</i> and a combination of <i>B. thuringiensis</i>, <i>B. velezensis</i> and silica. Detection of <i>B. velezensis</i> in the roots of shallot plants was carried out by PCR using a pair of specific primers. <b>Results:</b> <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> was able to inhibit the growth of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> mycelium <i>in vitro</i>, both in the dual culture and co-culture methods, by 62.8 and 77.17%, respectively. Treatment of <i>B. thuringiensis</i> and <i>B. velezensis</i>, either individually or in combination with silica, could reduce the intensity of anthracnose disease by 20% each and stimulate the growth of shallot plants. The PCR detection using specific primers on the roots of shallot plants showed that <i>B. velezensis</i> was detected with a DNA band length of ±576 bp. <b>Conclusion:</b> <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> can inhibit the growth of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> mycelium <i>in vitro</i>. Applying <i>B. velezensis</i>, <i>B. thuringiensis</i> and silica can reduce the intensity of anthracnose disease, promote plant growth and increase plant productivity. Furthermore, <i>B. velezensis</i> was detected in the roots of shallot plants, revealing that the bacteria are well-established.
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Meng F, Tian C. Gene Family Expansion during the Adaptation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides to Woody Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1185. [PMID: 38132786 PMCID: PMC10744947 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene gains/losses during evolution are critical for the adaptation of organisms to new environments or hosts. However, it remains unknown whether gene family expansions facilitated the adaptation of phytopathogenic fungi to woody plants. In this study, we compared the newly sequenced genome of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strain CFCC80308 with the genomes of two other C. gloeosporioides strains, Cg-14 and Lc-1, isolated from Persea americana and Liriodendron leaves, respectively. The genes in the expanded families, which were associated with plant surface signal recognition, encoded various proteins, including glycosyde hydrolases (GHs) and cytochrome P450. Interestingly, there was a substantial increase in the number of GH family genes in CFCC80308. Specifically, there were 368 enriched genes in the GH families (e.g., GH1, GH3, GH10, GH12, GH15, GH16, GH17, GH18, GH25, GH32, GH53, GH61, GH76, and GH81); the expression levels of these genes were highly up-regulated during the infection of poplar trees. Additionally, the GH17 family was larger in CFCC80308 than in C. gloeosporioides strains Cg-14 and Lc-1. Furthermore, the expansion of the MP65-encoding gene family during the adaptation of Colletotrichum species to woody plants was consistent with the importance of gene gains/losses for the adaptation of organisms to their environments. This study has clarified how C. gloeosporioides adapted to woody plants during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Meng
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Li Y, Song X, He K, Yu J, Xu M, Guo Z, Wang X, Zhang X. First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose on Peanut in Chongqing, China. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 38037206 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-23-2225-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
In July 2022, dieback and discoloration were detected on infected stems of peanut in Qijiang District of Chongqing (106.56°E,29.41°N), China, with an incidence up to 5%. These peanut stems had disease symptoms typical of anthracnose with irregular gray-brown spots with dark brown edges, sunken, and necrotic. High temperature and high humidity were favorable for the growth of the pathogen. To isolate the pathogen, we collected 10 typical infected peanuts and cut one piece from each of symptomatic stems, surface sterilized with 0.5% NaClO for 1 min, and 75% ethanol for 30 s, then rinsed three times with sterile distilled water and dried on sterilized filter paper. These pieces were incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C in the dark. Pure cultures were obtained from hyphal tips of each colony. It was found that isolates with the same colony morphology were isolated from each infected stem. A representative isolate (L7) was used for morphological characterization, molecular analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenicity tests. The colonies appeared white to gray, with white margins and aerial hyphae, and the reverse of the colonies was gray to brown. Conidia were cylindrical, aseptate, with obtuse to slightly rounded ends, 13.4 to 18.8 × 4.2 to 5.8 μm (n=50). Morphological characteristics were generally consistent with those of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (Cannon et al., 2012). For molecular identification, genomic DNA was extracted using a CTAB method and partial sequences of β-tubulin (TUB2), actin (ACT) genes, chitin synthase (CHS) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes were amplified and sequenced using primers T1/T2, ACT-512F/ACT-783R, CHS-79F/CHS-345R, and GDF1/GDR1, respectively (Damm et al., 2012; Dowling et al., 2020). Using the BLAST, TUB2, ACT, CHS and GAPDH gene sequences (GenBank accession No. OR714793, OP168707, OP168708 and OR714794, respectively) were100% (429 bp out of 429 bp), 99.22% (256 bp out of 258 bp), 99.64% (276 bp out of 277 bp) and 100% (253 bp out of 253 bp) identical to C. gloeosporioides CBS:112999 (JQ005587, JQ005500, JQ005326, and JQ005239), respectively. Using Neighbor-Joining algorithm, phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on the concatenated sequences of published TUB2, ACT, CHS and GAPDH genes. The identified isolate (L7) was closely related to C. gloeosporioides. To evaluate pathogenicity, the stems of ten peanut (Zhonghua12) seedlings (2 weeks) were wounded with a sterile toothpick and mycelial plugs (5 mm in diameter) or 20 μl of conidial suspension (105/ml) were inoculated. Non-colonized agar plugs or 20 μl of sterile distilled water were treated as control. After inoculation, the peanuts were kept in a moist chamber at 28°C with 80% humidity in the dark for 24 h, and subsequently transferred to the moist chamber with 12 h light and darkness cycle for 6 days, similar symptoms were observed on all inoculated peanuts. Controls remained asymptomatic. C. gloeosporioides was reisolated from the diseased stems and confirmed using morphological features and sequence analysis of TUB2, ACT, CHS and GAPDH. Anthracnose caused by C. truncatum and C. fructicola has been reported on peanut leaves in China (Gong et al., 2023; Yu et al., 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose on peanut stem caused by C. gloeosporioides in Chongqing. Our report will provide crucial information for studying on epidemiology and management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinying Song
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, 371496, 126 Wanniquan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China, 266000;
| | - Kang He
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, 371496, Qingdao, Shandong, China;
| | - Jing Yu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, 371496, Plant Protect, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China;
| | - Manlin Xu
- Licang District, 126 Wannianquan RoadQingdao, China, 266100;
| | - Zhiqing Guo
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute , Plant Protect, Wannianquan Road 126, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, 266100;
| | | | - Xia Zhang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, 371496, Licang District, 126 Wannianquan Road, Qingdao, Shandong, Qingdao, China, 266100;
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14
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Zhang S, Wang J, Sun H, Yang J, Zhao J, Wang Y. Inhibitory effects of hinokitiol on the development and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:356. [PMID: 37878063 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest anthracnose of mango fruit caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a devastating fungal disease, which causes tremendous quality deterioration and economic losses. Hinokitiol, an environmentally friendly natural compound, is effective in controlling a variety of postharvest fungal diseases. However, there is still a lack of research on the inhibitory effect of hinokitiol on C. gloeosporioides and its possible modes of action. In the present study, the activity of hinokitiol against C. gloeosporioides and its potential mechanisms involved have been investigated. We found that hinokitiol treatment could effectively inhibit the virulence of C. gloeosporioides to harvested mango fruit. After treatment with 8 mg/L hinokitiol, the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides was completely inhibited. When the concentration of hinokitiol reached 9 mg/L, the spore germination rate of C. gloeosporioides decreased to 2.43% after 9 h of cultivation. The inhibitory effect is mainly due to the attenuation in cell viability, and impairment in plasma membrane followed by leakage of cytoplasmic contents such as nucleic acids, proteins, and soluble carbohydrates, which ultimately leads to the destruction of cell structure. Furthermore, hinokitiol suppressed the expression of pathogenicity-related genes, leading to reduced infection activity. Collectively, these results suggest that hinokitiol may be an excellent bio-fungicides for the management of mango anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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15
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Riga R, Happyana N, Hakim EH. Secondary metabolites from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus and evaluation of their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37837445 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2269596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
A new lactone, collectindolide (1), as well as three known compounds, (S)-sydonic acid (2), (S)-hidroxysydonic acid (3), and indole-3-aceticacid (4) were obtained from the liquid media of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which was obtained from Artocarpus heterophyllus. The chemical structures of 1-4 were established by spectroscopic analyses, including NMR experiments and by HR-ESI-TOF-MS mass spectroscopy. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against murine leukaemia P-388 cell lines by MTT assay. Antibacterial activity of compounds 1-4 was also assayed against four bacteria. Phytochemical investigation of the genus Colletotrichum derived from the plant genus Artocarpus is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riga Riga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Nizar Happyana
- Natural Products Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Euis Holisotan Hakim
- Natural Products Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
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Wu J, You Y, Wu X, Liu F, Li G, Yin H, Gu C, Qi K, Wei Q, Wang S, Yao Q, Zhan R, Zhang S. The dynamic changes of mango ( Mangifera indica L.) epicuticular wax during fruit development and effect of epicuticular wax on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides invasion. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1264660. [PMID: 37860233 PMCID: PMC10584308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1264660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mango fruits are susceptible to diseases, such as anthracnose, during fruit development, leading to yield reduction. Epicuticular wax is closely related to resistance of plants to pathogenic bacterial invasion. In this study, the effect of mango fruit epicuticular wax on the invasion of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was investigated, followed by to understand the changes of wax chemical composition and crystal morphology during mango fruit development using GC-MS and SEM. Results showed that the epicuticular wax of mango fruits can prevent the invasion of C. gloeosporioides, and 'Renong' showed the strongest resistance to C. gloeosporioides. The wax content of four mango varieties first increased and then decreased from 40 days after full bloom (DAFB) to 120 DAFB. In addition, 95 compounds were detected in the epicuticular wax of the four mango varieties at five developmental periods, in which primary alcohols, terpenoids and esters were the main wax chemical composition. Furthermore, the surface wax structure of mango fruit changed dynamically during fruit development, and irregular platelet-like crystals were the main wax structure. The present study showed the changes of wax content, chemical composition and crystal morphology during mango fruit development, and the special terpenoids (squalene, farnesyl acetate and farnesol) and dense crystal structure in the epicuticular wax of 'Renong' fruit may be the main reason for its stronger resistance to C. gloeosporioides than other varieties. Therefore, these results provide a reference for the follow-up study of mango fruit epicuticular wax synthesis mechanism and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuquan You
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaijie Qi
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Songbiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quansheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Rulin Zhan
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Shi J, Zhang F, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wang F, Ma Y. The cytochrome P450 gene, MdCYP716B1, is involved in regulating plant growth and anthracnose resistance in apple. Plant Sci 2023; 335:111832. [PMID: 37586420 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Apple is one of the main cultivated fruit trees worldwide. Both biotic and abiotic stresses, especially fungal diseases, have serious effects on the growth and fruit quality of apples. Cytochrome P450, the largest protein family in plants, is critical for plant growth and stress responses. However, the function of apple P450 remains poorly understood. In our previous study, 'Hanfu' autotetraploid showed dwarfism and fungal resistance phenotypes compared to 'Hanfu' diploid. Digital gene expression sequencing analysis revealed that the transcript level of MdCYP716B1 was significantly downregulated in the autotetraploid apple cultivar 'Hanfu'. In this study, we identified and cloned the MdCYP716B1 gene from 'Hanfu' apples. The MdCYP716B1 protein fused to a green fluorescent protein was localized in the cytoplasm. We constructed the plant overexpression vector and RNAi vector of MdCYP716B1, and the apple 'GL-3' was transformed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to obtain transgenic plants. Overexpressing and RNAi silencing transgenic plants exhibited an increase and decrease in plant height to 'GL-3', respectively. RNAi silencing transgenic plants displayed increased resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, whereas overexpression transgenic plants were more sensitive to C. gloeosporioides. According to transcriptome analysis, the transcript levels of gibberellin biosynthesis genes were upregulated in MdCYP716B1-overexpression plants. In contrast with 'GL-3', GA3 accumulation was rose in MdCYP716B1-OE lines and impaired in MdCYP716B1-RNAi lines. Collectively, our data indicate that MdCYP716B1 regulates plant growth and resistance to fungal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Shi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yangshu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China.
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, PR China.
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Dofuor AK, Quartey NKA, Osabutey AF, Antwi-Agyakwa AK, Asante K, Boateng BO, Ablormeti FK, Lutuf H, Osei-Owusu J, Osei JHN, Ekloh W, Loh SK, Honger JO, Aidoo OF, Ninsin KD. Mango anthracnose disease: the current situation and direction for future research. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1168203. [PMID: 37692388 PMCID: PMC10484599 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1168203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango anthracnose disease (MAD) is a destructive disease of mangoes, with estimated yield losses of up to 100% in unmanaged plantations. Several strains that constitute Colletotrichum complexes are implicated in MAD worldwide. All mangoes grown for commercial purposes are susceptible, and a resistant cultivar for all strains is not presently available on the market. The infection can widely spread before being detected since the disease is invincible until after a protracted latent period. The detection of multiple strains of the pathogen in Mexico, Brazil, and China has prompted a significant increase in research on the disease. Synthetic pesticide application is the primary management technique used to manage the disease. However, newly observed declines in anthracnose susceptibility to many fungicides highlight the need for more environmentally friendly approaches. Recent progress in understanding the host range, molecular and phenotypic characterization, and susceptibility of the disease in several mango cultivars is discussed in this review. It provides updates on the mode of transmission, infection biology and contemporary management strategies. We suggest an integrated and ecologically sound approach to managing MAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboagye Kwarteng Dofuor
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Naa Kwarley-Aba Quartey
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Kwasi Asante
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Belinda Obenewa Boateng
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Fred Kormla Ablormeti
- Coconut Research Program, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana
| | - Hanif Lutuf
- Crop Protection Division, Oil Palm Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Kade, Ghana
| | - Jonathan Osei-Owusu
- Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - William Ekloh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Seyram Kofi Loh
- Department of Built Environment, School of Sustainable Development, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Joseph Okani Honger
- Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Agriculture, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Owusu Fordjour Aidoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Kodwo Dadzie Ninsin
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
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Kavroulakis N, Malandrakis A, Kissandraki M, Mikalef L, Ntougias S. First Record of Neofusicoccum luteum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose and Stem End Rot on Avocado Fruits in Greece. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37552159 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-23-1008-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
In May 2022, rot symptoms were observed 5 days after storage on fresh avocado fruits cv "Lamb Hass" harvested from a 3.4 ha organic orchard in Chania, Crete exhibiting 30% symptom incidence. Brownish-green sunken lesions and soft rot with dark brown lesions covering up to 50% of the mesocarp on fruits and blackish soft lesions on fruit stem ends were observed. To isolate the pathogens, fruits were surface sterilized using 1% NaOCl for 1 min, placed in 70% ethanol for 30 s and washed twice with sterile distilled water. Then, small pieces were excised from the fruit rot margins and transferred on PDA amended with 0.015% streptomycin-sulfate. Single-spore isolates were incubated on PDA for 10 days and subjected to morphological examination. Two distinct pathogenic fungal isolates were obtained, and their symptoms were re-examined on avocado fruits. The first isolate (A1) obtained from the fruit stem end, initially produced hyaline dense aerial mycelia, being gray and black on the upper and lower surface of the Petri dishes, respectively. The second isolate (A2) obtained from the main body of the fruit, formed round, grayish colonies, with orange conidial aggregates. Based on morphological characteristics (Phillips et al.,2013; Weir et al., 2012), isolates were preliminary identified as Neofusicoccum sp. (A1) and Colletotrichum sp. (A2). Isolates were molecularly identified by sequencing of the ITS-5.8S rRNA, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and beta-tubulin (tub2) genes. PCRs were conducted using primer pairs ITS4/ITS5, EF1-728F/EF1986R and Bt2a/Bt2b as well as ITS4/ITS5 and 5'-tef1/3'-tef1 and Bt2a/Bt2b for isolates A1 and A2, respectively (Carbone & Kohn, 1999; Glass & Donaldson, 1995; Rojas et al., 2010; Weir et al., 2012; White et al., 1990). The sequences were deposited into GenBank under the accession numbers OQ852465, OQ867962, OQ867965 for N. luteum and, OQ852466, OQ867963 and OQ867964 for C. gloeosporioides. Based on Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), a phylogenetic tree was constructed using concatenated sequences, following Kimura's two parameter model (1980), which confirmed their identity as N luteum and C. gloeosporioides strains. Mature avocado fruits (cv. Hass) were surface sterilized and dried. Consequently, incised fruits were inoculated with mycelial agar plugs (5 mm in diameter) cut from the edge of rapidly growing colonies of N. luteum and C. gloeosporioides strains. Fruits incubated in moist chambers and at 25°C for 5 days in the dark. Fruit bodies and stems were inoculated with the respective isolates and sterile agar plugs in the case of the control. Five fruits were used for each pathogenic trial per fungal isolate, which was repeated twice. After symptom occurrence, these pathogenic isolates were re-isolated successfully and molecularly identified, while exhibiting similar to original symptoms confirming Koch's postulates. While other reports exist on the presence of these pathogens in different countries worldwide, this is the first report of C. gloeosporioides and N. luteum as post-harvest pathogens of avocado, which is an economically important crop of Crete, in Greece (Akgül et al., 2016). This study provides the means for the accurate identification of these fungal pathogens causing avocado fruit rots and taking into consideration the available treatment options can contribute to establishing effective management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Kavroulakis
- ELGO-DEMETRA, 112215, Institute of Olive tree Subtropical plants and Viticulture, Athens, www.elgo.gr, Greece;
| | - Anastasios Malandrakis
- Technical University of Crete, 69002, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Chania, Greece;
| | - Maria Kissandraki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, 112215, Instiute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Chania, www.elgo.gr, Greece;
| | - Louisa Mikalef
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, 112215, Instiute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Chania, www.elgo.gr, Greece;
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Democritus University of Thrace School of Engineering, 112221, Xanthi, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece;
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20
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Yang X, Fu T, Yu R, Zhang L, Yang Y, Xiao D, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y. miR159a modulates poplar resistance against different fungi and bacteria. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 201:107899. [PMID: 37494825 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Trees are inevitably attacked by different kinds of pathogens in their life. However, little is known about the regulatory factors in poplar response to different pathogen infections. MicroRNA159 (miR159) is a highly conserved microRNA (miRNA) in plants and regulates plant development and stress responses. Here, transgenic poplar overexpressing pto-miR159a (OX-159) showed antagonistic regulation mode to poplar stem disease caused by fungi Cytospora chrysosperma and bacteria Lonsdalea populi. OX-159 lines exhibited a higher susceptibility after inoculation with bacterium L. populi, whereas enhanced disease resistance to necrotrophic fungi C. chrysosperma compared with wild-type (WT) poplars. Intriguingly, further disease assay found that OX159 line rendered the poplar susceptible to hemi-biotrophic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioide, exhibiting larger necrosis and lower ROS accumulation than WT lines. Transcriptome analyses revealed that more down-regulated differentially expressed genes with disease-resistant domains in OX-159 line compared with WT line. Moreover, the central mediator NPR1 of salicylic acid (SA) pathway showed a decrease in expression level, while jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) signal pathway marker genes ERF, as well as PR3, MPK3, and MPK6 genes showed an increase level in OX159-2 and OX159-5 compared with WT lines. Further spatio-temporal expression analysis revealed JA/ET signaling was involved in the dynamic response process to C. gloeosporioides in WT and OX159 lines. These results demonstrate that overexpression of pto-miR159a resulted in the crosstalk changes of the downstream hub genes, thereby controlling the disease resistance of poplars, which provides clues for understanding pto-miR159a role in coordinating poplar-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tiantian Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lichun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute of Liaoning Province, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Yuzhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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21
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Duong CT, Thao HTP, Y NTN, Tien DTK, Nga NTT, Nhan TC, Huong BTC, Ercisli S, Truc NTN, Danh LT. Application of Essential Oils Extracted from Peel Wastes of Four Orange Varieties to Control Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum scovillei and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Mangoes. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2761. [PMID: 37570916 PMCID: PMC10421168 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
A huge amount of orange peel waste is annually discharged into the environment. Processing of this waste for the control of post-harvest fruit diseases can reduce environmental pollution. Essential oils (EOs) from fruit peels of Citrus reticulata × sinensis (Sanh cultivar) and Citrus sinensis (Xoan, Mat and Navel cultivar) were investigated for their ability to control anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum scovillei on mangoes. EOs were extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The antifungal activity of the EOs was determined by in vitro and in vivo assays. The Mat cultivar had the highest extraction yield of 3% FW, followed by Xoan (2.9%), Sanh (2.2%), and Navel (1%). The chemical composition of the EOs was similar, with limonene as the main compound (around 96%). The antifungal activity of EOs was not different, with a minimum fungicidal concentration of 16% for both fungi. The disease inhibition of EOs increased with their concentration. The highest inhibition of anthracnose caused by both fungi on mangoes was achieved at 16% EO. EOs had no adverse effect on mango quality (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, color and brightness of mangoes), except firmness and weight loss at high concentrations (16%). Orange EOs can be used as bio-fungicides to control mango anthracnose at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huynh Thi Phuong Thao
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long 85110, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Thi Nhu Y
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Doan Thi Kieu Tien
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Nga
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Tran Chi Nhan
- Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam;
| | - Bui Thi Cam Huong
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye;
- HGF Agro, ATA Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
| | | | - Luu Thai Danh
- College of Agriculutre, Can Tho University, Can Tho 94000, Vietnam; (N.T.N.Y.); (D.T.K.T.); (N.T.T.N.); (B.T.C.H.)
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Zhou J, Wei H, Li SM. Colletotriauxins A-D, New Plant Growth Inhibitors from the Phytopathogenic Fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37434536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed plant growth inhibitory indole derivatives, colletotriauxins A-D (1-4), along with two known analogues indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (5) and its amide indole-3-acetamide (6), were isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides NRRL 45420. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS analyses. 1 and 2 are rhamnosides of indole-3-ethanol (tryptophol) and its methylated derivative, respectively. In the structures of 3 and 4, the two terminal hydroxyl groups of hexitol and pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol are connected with indole-3-(2-methyl)-acetyl and acetyl moieties. Compounds 1-6 inhibit Lepidium sativum seedling growth. The inhibition activities of colletotriauxins for stem growth were even stronger than IAA, with compounds 3 and 4 as the most active ones. These results suggested that colletotriauxins could serve as potential candidates as herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Fachbereich Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Straße 4, Marburg, 35037 Hessen, Germany
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Wei
- Fachbereich Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Straße 4, Marburg, 35037 Hessen, Germany
| | - Shu-Ming Li
- Fachbereich Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch Straße 4, Marburg, 35037 Hessen, Germany
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23
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Marshall J, Whitlock K, Colburn C, Yang X. First report of Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum theobromicola on Cyclamen persicum in South Carolina, USA. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37415352 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-23-0482-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Florist's cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) is an herbaceous perennial native to the Mediterranean region and has become an increasingly popular plant around the world. Leaves of these plants are cordate-shaped with varying green and silver patterns. Flowers vary in color from white through different shades of pink, lavender, and red. In September 2022, symptoms of anthracnose including leaf spots and chlorosis, wilting, dieback, and crown and bulb rot were observed on 20 to 30% of approximately 1,000 cyclamen plants in an ornamental production nursery in Sumter County, SC. Tissue samples surrounding the necrotic crowns were excised and sterilized in 10% bleach for 1 min, rinsed in sterile water, placed onto acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA), and incubated at 25°C with 24-h photoperiod. A total of five Colletotrichum isolates, 22-0729-A, 22-0729-B, 22-0729-C, 22-0729-D, and 22-0729-E were obtained by transferring hyphal tips to new plates. The morphology of these five isolates was identical, observed as gray and black with aerial gray-white mycelia and orange-colored spore masses. Conidia (n=50) measured 19.4 ± 5.1 mm (11.7 to 27.1 mm) in length and 5.1 ± 0.8 mm (3.7 to 7.9 mm) in width. Conidia were tapered with rounded ends. Setae and irregular appressoria were infrequently observed in aged cultures (> 60-day-old). These morphological features resembled those of members of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (Rojas et al. 2010; Weir et al. 2012). Sequence of the internal transcript spacer (ITS) region of a representative isolate 22-0729-E (GenBank accession No. OQ413075) is 99.8% (532 / 533 nt) and 100% (533 / 533 nt) identical to those of the ex-neotype of Co. theobromicola CBS124945 (JX010294) and the ex-epitype of Co. fragariae (= Co. theobromicola) CBS 142.31 (JX010286), respectively. Its glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene sequence is 99.6% (272 / 273 nt) identical to those of CBS124945 (JX010006) and CBS 142.31 (JX010024). Its actin (ACT) gene sequence shares 99.7% (281 / 282 nt) and 100% (282 / 282 nt) identities with those of CBS124945 (JX009444) and CBS 142.31 (JX009516), respectively. Lastly, its beta-tubulin 2 (TUB2) gene sequence is 99.6% (704 / 707 nt) and 100% (707 / 707 nt) identical to those of CBS124945 (JX010447) and CBS 142.31 (JX010373), respectively. The causal agent causing anthracnose on cyclamen in SC was identified as Co. theobromicola. To confirm the pathogenicity, cyclamen 'Verano Red' plants grown in 2.5-inch pots were used in two pathogenicity assays using different inoculation methods. In the first assay, three plants were inoculated by spraying a conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia per ml; 30 ml per plant) of isolate 22-0729-E onto the foliage. Three non-inoculated control plants were sprayed with distilled water. All six plants were placed in a plastic tray with wet paper towels. The tray was placed at 22°C for an 8-h photoperiod and covered for 7 days to maintain humidity. Early symptoms including small spots, marginal necrosis, and chlorosis were observed on leaves and flowers 8 days after inoculation (DAI) and the entire aboveground tissues of inoculated plants were blighted 13 to 21 DAI. Non-inoculated plants remained asymptomatic. In the second assay, sterile toothpicks were used to slightly wound the crown and bulb surface of three plants and secure a mycelial APDA plug of isolate 22-0729-E (5×5 mm2) onto each wound (three wounds per plant). Three control plants were wounded in the same manner, while sterile APDA plugs were used in place of mycelial plugs. All six plants were maintained in the same manner as in the first assay. Apparent leaf yellowing and wilting symptoms appeared as early as 13 DAI. On 21 to 28 DAI, severe crown rot on inoculated plants caused the entire foliage to collapse. At least one third of the inner crown and bulb tissues of each inoculated plant were rotten, while those of non-inoculated plants appeared healthy. Each assay was repeated once. Colletotrichum isolates resembling morphological characters of 22-0729-E were recovered from leaves and inner crown tissues of all inoculated plants in both assays, respectively, but not from non-inoculated control plants. Anthracnose diseases on Cyclamen persicum caused by Co. theobromicola (syn. Co. fragariae) have been reported in NC, USA (Lui et al. 2011) and Israel (Sharma et al. 2016). This is the first report of anthracnose on cyclamen in SC, USA. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (teleomorph Glomerella cingulate) species complex on cyclamen has also been reported in Argentina (Wright et al. 2006), South Africa, and several other U.S. states (Farr and Rossman 2022). However, it remains unknown whether these previous reports in fact attributed to Co. theobromicola due to lack of molecular identification (Weir et al. 2012). Colletotrichum theobromicola can cause diseases on at least 30 other agricultural and horticultural crops such as strawberry, cacao, and boxwood (Farr and Rossman 2022). It may pose a threat to cyclamen in greenhouse and nursery productions. Therefore, management strategies are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Marshall
- Clemson University, 2545, PES, 64 Research street, Blackville, South Carolina, United States, 29817;
| | | | - Curt Colburn
- Clemson University, Entomology, soils, and plant sciences, 114 Long Hall, Box 340315, Clemson, South Carolina, United States, 29634;
| | - Xiao Yang
- USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, 57689, Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic, 511 Westinghouse Road, Pendleton, South Carolina, United States, 29670;
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Getnet M, Alemu K, Tsedaley B. Effect of combined application of carbonate salts and hot water treatment for the management of postharvest anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) of papaya. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3811-3819. [PMID: 37457196 PMCID: PMC10345735 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Postharvest anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.Sacc) is the most economically important biological constraint to papaya production and consumption, which causes substantial yield loss worldwide. The effect of combined application of carbonate salts and hot water treatments on the development of postharvest anthracnose and maintenances of postharvest quality of papaya fruit was studied in completely randomized design (CRD) under laboratory condition. The results revealed that combined application of hot water treatment and carbonate salts significantly (p < .05) reduced the incidence and severity of postharvest papaya anthracnose disease. The disease incidence reached 100% 21 days after inoculation in the control treatment; this level was significantly reduced to 26.70% by dipping the fruits in NH4CO3 at 50°C and NH4CO3 at 54°C. Similarly, treatments significantly (p < .05) reduced the disease severity in different degrees from the first day of disease appearance to the date of 100% unmarketability of control fruits. Furthermore, the combined application of carbonate salt and hot water treatments significantly improves fruit marketability by 93.33%. Moreover, the treatments showed significant (p < .05) effect on maintaining pH, TSS, TA, and reducing postharvest weight loss of papaya fruit. In conclusion, postharvest treatment of papaya fruit with NH4CO3 at 54°C, NH4CO3 at 52°C, and NaCO3 at 54°C can significantly reduce anthracnose development and improve marketability of the fruits without pronounced effect on their edible qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Getnet
- Department of Plant ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Assosa UniversityAssosaEthiopia
| | - Kumlachew Alemu
- Department of Plant ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Assosa UniversityAssosaEthiopia
| | - Binyam Tsedaley
- Department of Plant ScienceCollege of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Assosa UniversityAssosaEthiopia
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25
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Rovetto EI, Luz C, La Spada F, Meca G, Riolo M, Cacciola SO. Diversity of Mycotoxins and Other Secondary Metabolites Recovered from Blood Oranges Infected by Colletotrichum, Alternaria, and Penicillium Species. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:407. [PMID: 37505676 PMCID: PMC10467077 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study identified secondary metabolites produced by Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Penicillium digitatum in fruits of two blood orange cultivars before harvest. Analysis was performed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Three types of fruits were selected, asymptomatic, symptomatic showing necrotic lesions caused by hail, and mummified. Extracts from peel and juice were analyzed separately. Penicillium digitatum was the prevalent species recovered from mummified and hail-injured fruits. Among 47 secondary metabolites identified, 16, 18, and 13 were of A. alternata, C. gloeosporioides, and P. digitatum, respectively. Consistently with isolations, indicating the presence of these fungi also in asymptomatic fruits, the metabolic profiles of the peel of hail-injured and asymptomatic fruits did not differ substantially. Major differences were found in the profiles of juice from hail-injured and mummified fruits, such as a significant higher presence of 5,4-dihydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-6C-methylflavone and Atrovenetin, particularly in the juice of mummified fruits of the Tarocco Lempso cultivar. Moreover, the mycotoxins patulin and Rubratoxin B were detected exclusively in mummified fruits. Patulin was detected in both the juice and peel, with a higher relative abundance in the juice, while Rubratoxin B was detected only in the juice. These findings provide basic information for evaluating and preventing the risk of contamination by mycotoxins in the citrus fresh fruit supply chain and juice industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermes Ivan Rovetto
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.I.R.); (F.L.S.)
| | - Carlos Luz
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 460100 València, Spain; (C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Federico La Spada
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.I.R.); (F.L.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Meca
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 460100 València, Spain; (C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Riolo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.I.R.); (F.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 460100 València, Spain; (C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.I.R.); (F.L.S.)
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Zhang L, Meng F, Ge W, Ren Y, Bao H, Tian C. Effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Poplar Secondary Metabolites on the Composition of Poplar Phyllosphere Microbial Communities. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0460322. [PMID: 37219434 PMCID: PMC10269685 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04603-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poplar anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a common disease affecting poplars globally that causes the destruction and alteration of poplar phyllosphere microbial communities; however, few studies have investigated these communities. Therefore, in this study, three species of poplar with different resistances were investigated to explore the effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and poplar secondary metabolites on the composition of poplar phyllosphere microbial communities. Evaluation of the phyllosphere microbial communities before and after inoculation of the poplars with C. gloeosporioides revealed that both bacterial and fungal OTUs decreased after inoculation. Among bacteria, the most abundant genera were Bacillus, Plesiomonas, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Cetobacterium, Streptococcus, Massilia, and Shigella for all poplar species. Among fungi, the most abundant genera before inoculation were Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mortierella, and Colletotrichum, while Colletotrichum was the main genus after inoculation. The inoculation of pathogens may regulate the phyllosphere microorganisms by affecting the secondary metabolites of plants. We investigated metabolite contents in the phyllosphere before and after the inoculation of the three poplar species, as well as the effects of flavonoids, organic acids, coumarins, and indoles on poplar phyllosphere microbial communities. We speculated that coumarin had the greatest recruitment effect on phyllosphere microorganisms, followed by organic acids through regression analysis. Overall, our results provide a foundation for subsequent screening of antagonistic bacteria and fungi against poplar anthracnose and investigations of the mechanism by which poplar phyllosphere microorganisms are recruited. IMPORTANCE Our findings revealed that the inoculation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has a greater effect on the fungal community than the bacterial community. In addition, coumarins, organic acids, and flavonoids may have recruitment effects on phyllosphere microorganisms, while indoles may have inhibitory effects on these organisms. These findings may provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of poplar anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanli Meng
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ge
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Ren
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hangbin Bao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Dai X, Xu X, Chen G, Deng Z, Li X, Chen X, Li S, Han S, Zhu T. Leaf spot of Alnus cremastogyne Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Sichuan, China. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37198723 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-22-2950-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Alnus cremastogyne Burk, a broad-leaved tree endemic to south-western China, has both ecological and economic value. The tree is widely used in furniture, timber, windbreaks and sand fixation, and soil and water conservation (Tariq et al. 2018). In December 2020, a new leaf spot disease was discovered on A. cremastogyne in two plant nurseries in Bazhong City (31°15' to 32°45N, 106°21' to 107°45'E), with 77.53% disease incidence. Among the infected trees, 69.54% of the leaves were covered with symptoms of the disease. The typical symptoms initially appeared as irregular brown necrotic lesions, while some lesions were surrounded by a light yellow halo. As the disease progressed, the number of necrotic lesions increased, and lesions gradually expanded and coalesced (Fig. 1). Finally, the disease caused the leaves of A. cremastogyne to wither, curl, die, and fall off. Ten symptomatic leaves were collected from 5 different trees in the two plant nurseries. The leaves with symptoms of leaf spot disease were collected and cut from the junction between the diseased and the healthy tissues. The infected tissues from 10 samples were cut into small 2.5 × 2.5 mm pieces. Infected tissues was sterilized in 3% NaClO solution for 60 s followed by 75% ethanol for 90 s, rinsed three times in sterile water, blot-dried with autoclaved paper towels, and then cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25℃ for 4 to 8 days in 12 h/12 h light/dark conditions. After 8 days, the colony diameter reached 71.2 to 79.8 mm. The colonies were initially light pink, and then turned white with pale orange beneath. The conidia were single-celled, aseptate, colorless, cylindrical, straight, bluntly rounded at both ends, and measured 11.6 to 15.9 × 4.3 to 6.1 μm (n = 100). These morphological characteristics were consistent with the description of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Pan et al. 2021). For molecular identification, the genomic DNA of a representative isolate, QM202012, was extracted using a fungal genomic DNA extraction kit (Solarbio, Beijing). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), actin (ACT), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes were amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), ACT-512F/ACT-783R (Carbone & Kohn, 1999) and GDF/GDR (Templeton et al. 1992), respectively. Sequences were deposited in GenBank (ITS: OL744612, ACT: OL763390, and GAPDH: OL799166). BLAST results indicated that the ITS, ACT, and GAPDH sequences showed >99% identity with C. gloeosporioides sequences in NCBI (GenBank NR160754, MG561657, and KP145407). Identification was confirmed by Bayesian inference using Mr Bayer (Fig 2) A conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml) was used to test pathogenicity on the leaves of 4-year-old A. cremastogyne plants (10 plants). Fifteen leaves of each plant (10 pots in total) were inoculated with the spore suspension on the leaves. The same number of control leaves was sprayed with sterilized distilled water as a control. Finally, all potted plants were placed in a greenhouse at 25°C under 16 h/8 h photoperiod and 67 to 78% relative humidity. The symptoms observed on the inoculated plants were similar to those of the original diseased plants, with 100% of the inoculated plants being infested with brown leaf spots, but the controls remained symptom-free. C. gloeosporioides was re-isolated from the infected leaves and identified by both morphological characteristics and DNA sequence analysis. The pathogenicity test was repeated three times, showing similar results each time, confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot on A. cremastogyne caused by C. gloeosporioides in China. This finding indicates that C. gloeosporioides may become a serious threat to A. cremastogyne production in Bazhong City and helps to further examine and prevent leaf spot disease in A. cremastogyne growing areas in Bazhong City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Dai
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, College of Forestry, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
| | - Xiu Xu
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Forestry, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Gang Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Sichuan Agricultural University, College of Forestry, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Ziyang Deng
- Sichuan Agricultural University College of Forestry, 563013, College of Forestry, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, College of Forestry Huimin Road, Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, College of Forestry Huimin Road, ChengDu, SiChuan, China;
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Forestry, Huimin Road, ChengDu, SiChuan, China, 610031;
| | - Shuying Li
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, College of Forestry, No. 211, Huimin Road,, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
- United States;
| | - Shumin Han
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, College of Forestry Huimin Road, Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, College of Forestry Huimin Road, Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, , China;
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, No. 211, Huimin Road,, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China, 611130;
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Deng TC, Yang JY, Sun ML, Zhang YZ, Pan YT, Huang L. Distinct Roles of Ena ATP Family Proteins in Sodium Accumulation, Invasive Growth, and Full Virulence in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050566. [PMID: 37233277 PMCID: PMC10219246 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a significant fungal pathogen of crops and trees, causes large economic losses worldwide. However, its pathogenic mechanism remains totally unclear. In this study, four Ena ATPases (Exitus natru-type adenosine triphosphatases), homology of yeast Ena proteins, were identified in C. gloeosporioides. Gene deletion mutants of ΔCgena1, ΔCgena2, ΔCgena3, and ΔCgena4 were obtained through the method of gene replacement. First, a subcellular localization pattern indicated that CgEna1 and CgEna4 were localized in the plasma membrane, while the CgEna2 and CgEna3 were distributed in the endoparasitic reticulum. Next, it was found that CgEna1 and CgEna4 were required for sodium accumulation in C. gloeosporioides. CgEna3 was required for extracellular ion stress of sodium and potassium. CgEna1 and CgEna3 were involved in conidial germination, appressorium formation, invasive hyphal development, and full virulence. The mutant of ΔCgena4 was more sensitive to the conditions of high concentrations of ion and the alkaline. Together, these results indicated that CgEna ATPase proteins have distinct roles in sodium accumulation, stress resistance, and full virulence in C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ci Deng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ji-Yun Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mei-Ling Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yun-Zhao Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yun-Ting Pan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Huang Q, Hao MJ, Wang LY, Wu F, Li HJ, Yuan J, Xu J, Mahmud T, Lan WJ. Isolation and stereospecific synthesis of indole alkaloids with lipid-lowering effects from the marine-derived fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides BB4. Phytochemistry 2023; 209:113612. [PMID: 36813220 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Seven undescribed compounds, colletotrichindoles A-E, colletotrichaniline A, and colletotrichdiol A, as well as three known compounds, (-)-isoalternatine A, (+)-alternatine A and 3-hydroxybutan-2-yl 2-phenylacetate were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Colletotrichu gloeosporioides BB4. The racemic mixtures colletotrichindole A,colletotrichindole C, and colletotrichdiol A were further separated by chiral chromatography to give three pairs of enantiomers (10S,11R,13S)/(10R,11S,13R)-colletotrichindole A, (10R,11R,13S)/(10S,11S,13R)-colletotrichindole C, and (9S,10S)/(9R,10R)-colletotrichdiol A, respectively. The chemical structures of seven undescribed compounds and the known compounds, (-)-isoalternatine A, and (+)-alternatine A were determined using a combination of NMR, MS, X-ray diffraction, ECD calculations, and/or chemical synthesis. All possible enantiomers of colletotrichindoles A-E were synthesized and used to determine the absolute configurations of the natural products by comparing their spectroscopic data and HPLC retention times on a chiral column. In addition, the X-ray crystal structures of the known compounds (-)-isoalternatine A and (+)-alternatine A were also obtained to confirm their absolute configurations. (10S,11R,13S)-Colletotrichindole A, colletotrichindole B, and (+)-alternatine A significantly reduced triglyceride levels in 3T3-L1 cells with EC50 values of 5.8, 9.0, and 1.3 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng-Jiao Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lai-You Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hou-Jin Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, United States.
| | - Wen-Jian Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang M, Xiao C, Tan Q, Dong L, Liu X, Pu J, Zhang H. The Involvement of the Laccase Gene Cglac13 in Mycelial Growth, Germ Tube Development, and the Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Mangoes. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050503. [PMID: 37233214 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most serious diseases that causes damage to mangoes. Laccase, a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase, has been reported in many species with different functions and activities, and fungal laccase could be closely related to mycelial growth, melanin and appressorium formation, pathogenicity, and so on. Therefore, what is the relationship between laccase and pathogenicity? Do laccase genes have different functions? In this experiment, the knockout mutant and complementary strain of Cglac13 were obtained through polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation, which then determined the related phenotypes. The results showed that the knockout of Cglac13 significantly increased the germ tube formation, and the formation rates of appressoria significantly decreased, delaying the mycelial growth and lignin degradation and, ultimately, leading to a significant reduction in the pathogenicity in mango fruit. Furthermore, we observed that Cglac13 was involved in regulating the formation of germ tubes and appressoria, mycelial growth, lignin degradation, and pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides. This study is the first to report that the function of laccase is related to the formation of germ tubes, and this provides new insights into the pathogenesis of laccase in C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Chunli Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Qing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Lingling Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinji Pu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
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Qin X, Tian C, Meng F. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of the DHN Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway on the Appressorium Turgor Pressure of the Poplar Anthracnose-Causing Fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087411. [PMID: 37108573 PMCID: PMC10138971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose of poplar caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a leaf disease that seriously affects poplar growth. The pathogen invades the host in the form of adherent cells, which generate turgor pressure through the metabolism of intracellular substances prior to penetrating the epidermis of poplar leaves. In this study, the expansion-related pressure of the mature appressorium of the wild-type C. gloeosporioides was approximately 13.02 ± 1.54 MPa at 12 h, whereas it was 7.34 ± 1.23 MPa and 9.34 ± 2.22 MPa in the melanin synthesis-related gene knockout mutants ΔCgCmr1 and ΔCgPks1, respectively. The CgCmr1 and CgPks1 genes were highly expressed at 12 h in the wild-type control, implying that the DHN melanin biosynthesis pathway may play an important role in the mature appressorium stage. The transcriptome sequencing analysis indicated that the upregulated melanin biosynthesis genes in C. gloeosporioides, such as CgScd1, CgAyg1, CgThr1, CgThr2, and CgLac1, are involved in specific KEGG pathways (i.e., fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and biotin metabolism). Therefore, we speculate that the melanin synthesis-related genes and fatty acid metabolism pathway genes contribute to the regulation of the turgor pressure in the mature C. gloeosporioides appressorium, ultimately leading to the formation of infection pegs that enter plant tissues. These observations may reflect the co-evolution of C. gloeosporioides and its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Qin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fanli Meng
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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32
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Wang Y, Xu WT, Lu RS, Chen M, Liu J, Sun XQ, Zhang YM. Genome Sequence Resource for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, an Important Pathogenic Fungus Causing Anthracnose of Dioscorea alata. Plant Dis 2023; 107:893-895. [PMID: 36265140 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-22-0567-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose disease is one of the most important diseases of Dioscorea alata and many other food yams, which is caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides fungus from the Glomerellaceae family of the Sordariomycetes class. In the present study, a C. gloeosporioides starin named CgDa01 was isolated from D. alata, and its genome was sequenced based on Oxford Nanopore technology (ONT) and the Illumina sequencing platform. The high-quality genome of CgDa01 was assembled with a 62.78 Mb genome size and 15,845 predicted protein-coding genes. The proteins of predicted genes were annotated using multiple public databases, including the nonredundant protein database, the InterProScan databases, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Among the annotated protein-coding genes, 55 were predicted as potential virulence genes by the fungal virulence factor database. The C. gloeosporioides CgDa01 genome assembly described in this study can serve as a resource for better understanding the pathogenic mechanism of C. gloeosporioides on yam hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Teng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui-Sen Lu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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33
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Hu C, Zhu W, Lu Y, Ren Y, Gu J, Song Y, He J. Alpinia officinarum mediated copper oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and its antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:28818-28829. [PMID: 36401698 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis offers an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). In this study, the synthesis of CuO NPs was optimized by using copper sulfate (CuSO4) and the aqueous extract of Alpinia officinarum and its antifungal activity were investigated. The synthesized CuO NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared radiation spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the optimized conditions for the synthesis of CuO NPs were 1:2 ratio of extract and CuSO4 solution, pH 7, and 30 °C. The characteristic UV-vis peak of A. officinarum synthesized CuO NPs was at 264 nm. The synthesized CuO NPs had high crystallinity and purity and were spherical in morphology with the mean size of 46.40 nm. The synthesized CuO NPs reduced the fungal growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the CuO NPs were 125 μg·mL-1 and 500 μg·mL-1, respectively. The antifungal activity of CuO NPs may be attributed to its ability to deform the structure of fungal hyphae, induce excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation in fungi, disrupt the mycelium cell membrane, and result cellular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Hu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Zhu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Ren
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Petrochemical Safety and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinyu Gu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Song
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu He
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Petrochemical Safety and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Changzhou, 213164, People's Republic of China
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34
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Niu X, Lin L, Liu L, Wang H. Preparation of a novel glucose oxidase-N-succinyl chitosan nanospheres and its antifungal mechanism of action against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:681-691. [PMID: 36549621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a new glucose oxidase-N-succinyl chitosan (GOD-NSCS) nanospheres was prepared through the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) on N-succinyl chitosan (NSCS) nanospheres. Compared to the free GOD, GOD-NSCS nanospheres demonstrated the excellent anti-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides activity with the EC50 values of 211.2 and 10.7 μg/mL against mycelial growth and spores germination. The computational biology analysis demonstrated that the substrate presented the similar binding free energy with GOD-NSCS nanospheres (-27.64 kcal/mol) compared with the free GOD (-24.04 kcal/mol), indicating that GOD-NSCS nanospheres had the same oxidation efficiency and produced more H2O2. Moreover, the enzyme activity stability of GOD-NSCS nanospheres could be prolonged to 10 d. The cell membrane was destructed by the treatment of H2O2 produced by GOD, leading to the cell death. In vivo test, GOD-NSCS nanospheres treatment significantly prolonged the preservation period of mangoes 2-fold. Collectively, these results suggested that GOD-NSCS nanospheres suppresses anthracnose in postharvest mangoes by inhibiting the growth of C. gloeosporioides and might become a potential natural preservative for fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongsu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Wang Y, Wu X, Lu Y, Fu H, Liu S, Zhao J, Long C. Ferric Chloride Controls Citrus Anthracnose by Inducing the Autophagy Activity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020230. [PMID: 36836344 PMCID: PMC9962583 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes citrus anthracnose, which seriously endangers the pre-harvest production and post-harvest storage of citrus due to its devastating effects on fruit quality, shelf life, and profits. However, although some chemical agents have been proven to effectively control this plant disease, little to no efforts have been made to identify effective and safe anti-anthracnose alternatives. Therefore, this study assessed and verified the inhibitory effect of ferric chloride (FeCl3) against C. gloeosporioides. Our findings demonstrated that FeCl3 could effectively inhibit C. gloeosporioides spore germination. After FeCl3 treatment, the germination rate of the spores in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) groups decreased by 84.04% and 89.0%, respectively. Additionally, FeCl3 could effectively inhibit the pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides in vivo. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses demonstrated the occurrence of wrinkled and atrophic mycelia. Moreover, FeCl3 induced autophagosome formation in the test pathogen, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between the FeCl3 concentration and the damage rate of the fungal sporophyte cell membrane, as the staining rates of the control (untreated), 1/2 MIC, and MIC FeCl3 treatment groups were 1.87%, 6.52%, and 18.15%, respectively. Furthermore, the ROS content in sporophyte cells increased by 3.6%, 29.27%, and 52.33% in the control, 1/2 MIC, and MIC FeCl3 groups, respectively. Therefore, FeCl3 could reduce the virulence and pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides. Finally, FeCl3-handled citrus fruit exhibited similar physiological qualities to water-handled fruit. The results show that FeCl3 may prove to be a good substitute for the treatment of citrus anthracnose in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yongqing Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huimin Fu
- Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaoan Long
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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Zeng R, Zou X, Huang C, Si H, Song J, Zhang J, Luo H, Wang Z, Wang P, Fan G, Rao X, Liao S, Chen S. Novel Design of Citral-Thiourea Derivatives for Enhancing Antifungal Potential against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:3173-3183. [PMID: 36760014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although much progress has been made in developing botanical fungicides to combat fungal diseases in crops, there remains a great need to improve the efficiency and long-term safety of these fungicides. This study proposes a novel strategy for designing citral-thiourea derivatives that feature such desirable properties. The motivation of the work herein was to enhance the antifungal activity of citral against C. gloeosprioides by exploiting the synergistic effect that arises from combining citral and thiourea compounds, thereby producing citral-thiourea derivatives that exhibit good long-term safety. The results revealed that the generated compounds e1, e3, e6, e18, and g showed remarkable antifungal activities against C. gloeosprioides, with corresponding EC50 values reaching 0.16, 1.66, 1.37, 4.76, and 4.60 mg/L, respectively, showing that the compounds significantly outperformed both the positive control kresoxim-methyl and the commercially available fungicide carbendazim. Furthermore, compound g showed stronger protective efficacy against C. gloeosprioides than carbendazim on mango fruit at 25 mg/L. Investigating the preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the compounds also revealed that the citral-thiourea derivatives exhibited higher antifungal activities against C. gloeosprioides compared to citral and thiourea compounds. This reinforcement of antifungal activity observed in the derivatives was found to be attributable to the two characteristics of low molecular size and the presence of a fluorine atom in the meta-position of the benzene ring. Beyond this, it was determined from QSAR that two molecular descriptors (the Kier-Hall index (order 3) and Tot dipole of the molecules) were negatively related to the antifungal activity of the citral-thiourea derivatives, while one other (the maximum resonance energy of a C-H bond) was positively related to their antifungal activity. More importantly, the citral-thiourea derivatives with high antifungal activities (i.e., compounds e1, e3, e6, e14, e15, e18, and g) exhibited negligible cytotoxicity to LO2 and HEK293T cell lines. The antifungal mechanism of the generated citral-thiourea derivatives was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and relative conductivity. The derivatives were found to affect mycelial morphology and increase fungal cell membrane permeability, thereby resulting in the destruction of fungal cell membranes. These promising results provide novel insights into the study and potential application value of citral-thiourea derivatives as high-efficiency antifungal agents against C. gloeosprioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zeng
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Zou
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Huang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Si
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint, 303E Kearsley, Flint, Michigan 48502, United States
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Luo
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongde Wang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorong Fan
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Rao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengliang Liao
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangxing Chen
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Camphor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
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Rai N, Gupta P, Verma A, Singh SK, Gautam V. Isolation and characterization of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with apoptosis-inducing potential in breast cancer cells. Biofactors 2023. [PMID: 36744732 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a well-established reservoir of bioactive compounds that are pharmaceutically valuable and therefore, contribute significantly to the biomedical field. The present study aims to identify the bioactive anticancer compound from ethyl acetate extract of fungal endophyte, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides associated with the leaf of the medicinal plant Oroxylum indicum. The fatty acid amide compound N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide (Palmitoylethanolamide; PEA) was identified using antioxidant activity-guided fractionation assisted with tandem liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. In-Silico molecular docking analysis showed that PEA potentially docked to the active sites of apoptosis-inducing proteins including BAX, BCL-2, P21, and P53. Further validation was done using in vitro study that showed PEA inhibitsthe proliferation, alters nuclear morphology and attenuates the wound closure ability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. PEA induces apoptosis via upregulating cell-cycle arrest (P21), tumor suppression (P53), pro-apoptotic (BAX, CASPASE-8, and FADD) genes, and downregulating anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2. The upregulation of the active form of Caspase-3 was also reported. This is the first-ever report for the isolation of PEA from C. gloeosporioides with anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells and therefore holds great potential for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Vu TX, Tran TB, Tran MB, Do TTK, Do LM, Dinh MT, Thai HD, Pham DN, Tran VT. Efficient control of the fungal pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Penicillium digitatum infecting citrus fruits by native soilborne Bacillus velezensis strains. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13663. [PMID: 36852059 PMCID: PMC9958435 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Destruction of citrus fruits by fungal pathogens during preharvest and postharvest stages can result in severe losses for the citrus industry. Antagonistic microorganisms used as biological agents to control citrus pathogens are considered alternatives to synthetic fungicides. In this study, we aimed to identify fungal pathogens causing dominant diseases on citrus fruits in a specialized citrus cultivation region of Vietnam and inspect soilborne Bacillus isolates with antifungal activity against these pathogens. Two fungal pathogens were characterized as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Penicillium digitatum based on morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequence analyses. Reinfection assays of orange fruits confirmed that C. gloeosporioides causes stem-end rot, and P. digitatum triggers green mold disease. By the heterologous expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in C. gloeosporioides using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, we could observe the fungal infection process of the citrus fruit stem-end rot caused by C. gloeosporioides for the first time. Furthermore, we isolated and selected two soilborne Bacillus strains with strong antagonistic activity for preventing the decay of citrus fruits by these pathogens. Molecular analyses of 16 S rRNA and gyrB genes showed that both isolates belong to B. velezensis. Antifungal activity assays indicated that bacterial culture suspensions could strongly inhibit C. gloeosporioides and P. digitatum, and shield orange fruits from the invasion of the pathogens. Our work provides a highly effective Bacillus-based preservative solution for combating the fungal pathogens C. gloeosporioides and P. digitatum to protect citrus fruits at the postharvest stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xuan Vu
- Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress, Ministry of Science and Technology, C6 Thanh Xuan Bac, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tram Bao Tran
- Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress, Ministry of Science and Technology, C6 Thanh Xuan Bac, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Binh Tran
- Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress, Ministry of Science and Technology, C6 Thanh Xuan Bac, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Trang Thi Kim Do
- Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress, Ministry of Science and Technology, C6 Thanh Xuan Bac, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Linh Mai Do
- Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress, Ministry of Science and Technology, C6 Thanh Xuan Bac, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Genomics Unit, National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Mui Thi Dinh
- Genomics Unit, National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Bio-Agritech, Thuong Mo, Dan Phuong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hanh-Dung Thai
- Genomics Unit, National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Duc-Ngoc Pham
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van-Tuan Tran
- Genomics Unit, National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Yang K, Wu J, Wang X, Li H, Jia P, Luan H, Zhang X, Guo S, Yang M, Dong Q, Qi G. Genome-Wide Characterization of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Gene Family and Their Expression Patterns in Response to Drought and Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides in Walnut ( Juglans regia). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:586. [PMID: 36771674 PMCID: PMC9920740 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a family of Ser/Thr (serine/threonine) protein kinases that play very important roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. However, the MAPK gene family in the important crop walnut (Juglans regia L.) has been less well studied compared with other species. We discovered 25 JrMAPK members in the Juglans genome in this study. The JrMAPK gene family was separated into four subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, and members of the same subgroup had similar motifs and exons/introns. A variety of cis-acting elements, mainly related to the light response, growth and development, stress response, and hormone responses, were detected in the JrMAPK gene promoters. Collinearity analysis showed that purification selection was the main driving force in JrMAPK gene evolution, and segmental and tandem duplications played key roles in the expansion of the JrMAPK gene family. The RNA-Seq (RNA Sequencing) results indicated that many of the JrMAPK genes were expressed in response to different levels of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infection. JrMAPK1, JrMAPK3, JrMAPK4, JrMAPK5, JrMAPK6, JrMAPK7, JrMAPK9, JrMAPK11, JrMAPK12, JrMAPK13, JrMAPK17, JrMAPK19, JrMAPK20, and JrMAPK21 were upregulated at the transcriptional level in response to the drought stress treatment. The results of this study will help in further investigations of the evolutionary history and biological functions of the MAPK gene family in walnut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jianghao Wu
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xialei Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Haoan Luan
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Suping Guo
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qinglong Dong
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
| | - Guohui Qi
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Xingtai 054000, China
- Institute of Walnut Industry Technology of Hebei Province (Xingtai), Lincheng 054300, China
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Lazcano-Ramírez HG, Garza-García JJO, Hernández-Díaz JA, León-Morales JM, Macías-Sandoval AS, García-Morales S. Antifungal Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Obtained by Plant-Mediated Synthesis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010115. [PMID: 36671316 PMCID: PMC9854750 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous need to satisfy world food demand has led to the search for new alternatives to combat economic losses in agriculture caused by phytopathogenic fungi. These organisms cause plant diseases, reducing their productivity and decreasing fruit quality. Among the new tools being explored is nanotechnology. Nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties could be an excellent alternative to address this problem. In this work, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were obtained using plant extracts of Amphipterygium glaucum leaves (SeNPs-AGL) and Calendula officinalis flowers (SeNPs-COF). Characterization of the SeNPs was performed and their ability as antifungal agents against two commercially relevant plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, was evaluated. Assays were performed with different concentrations of SeNPs (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.7 mg/mL). It was observed that both SeNPs had antifungal activity against both plant pathogens at concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL and above. SeNPs-AGL demonstrated better antifungal activity and smaller size (around 8.0 nm) than SeNPs-COF (134.0 nm). FTIR analysis evidenced the existence of different functional groups that constitute both types of SeNPs. There are factors that have to be considered in the antimicrobial activity of SeNPs such as nanoparticle size and phytochemical composition of the plant extracts used, as these may affect their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gerardo Lazcano-Ramírez
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
| | - Jorge J. O. Garza-García
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
| | - José A. Hernández-Díaz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
| | - Janet M. León-Morales
- Coordinación Académica Región Altiplano Oeste, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Carretera Salinas-Santo Domingo 200, Salinas de Hidalgo 78600, Mexico
| | - Alejandro S. Macías-Sandoval
- Department of Technological and Industrial Processes, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente, Periférico Sur Manuel Gómez Morín 8585, San Pedro Tlaquepaque 45604, Mexico
| | - Soledad García-Morales
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, Zapopan 45019, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Zhao L, Liao Z, Feng L, An B, He C, Wang Q, Luo H. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Cg2LysM contributed to virulence toward rubber tree through affecting invasive structure and inhibiting chitin-triggered plant immunity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1129101. [PMID: 36876102 PMCID: PMC9982014 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1129101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal chitin, as a typical microorganism-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), was recognized by plant LysM-containing protein to induce immunity called pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). To successfully infect host plant, fungal pathogens secreted LysM-containing effectors to inhibit chitin-induced plant immunity. Filamentous fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides caused rubber tree anthracnose which resulted in serious loss of natural rubber production worldwide. However, little is known about the pathogenesis mediated by LysM effector of C. gloeosporioide. In this study, we identified a two LysM-containing effector in C. gloeosporioide and named as Cg2LysM. Cg2LysM was involved not only in conidiation, appressorium formation, invasion growth and the virulence to rubber tree, but also in melanin synthesis of C. gloeosporioides. Moreover, Cg2LysM showed chitin-binding activity and suppression of chitin-triggered immunity of rubber tree such as ROS production and the expression of defense relative genes HbPR1, HbPR5, HbNPR1 and HbPAD4. This work suggested that Cg2LysM effector facilitate infection of C. gloeosporioides to rubber tree through affecting invasive structure and inhibiting chitin-triggered plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiwen Liao
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Liping Feng
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Bang An
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Chaozu He
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Hongli Luo
- College of Tropical Corps, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
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Zhang L, Ren Y, Meng F, Bao H, Xing F, Tian C. Verification of the Protective Effects of Poplar Phenolic Compounds Against Poplar Anthracnose. Phytopathology 2022; 112:2198-2206. [PMID: 35578737 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-21-0509-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poplar anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most important diseases widely distributed in poplar-growing areas in China, causing serious economic and ecological losses. In this study, three poplar species showed different resistance to poplar anthracnose: Populus × canadensis was resistant, Populus tomentosa was susceptible, and P. × beijingensis showed intermediate resistance. However, it remains uncertain whether phenolic compounds in poplar are involved in this resistance. Therefore, we determined the concentrations of phenolic compounds and their antifungal activity. Before and after the C. gloeosporioides inoculation, 20 phenolic compounds were detected in P. × canadensis and the number increased from 12 to 14 in P. × beijingensis but decreased from seven to four in P. tomentosa. Thus, phenolic compounds may be positively correlated with the degree of disease resistance. We selected seven phenolic compounds for further analysis, which varied considerably in content after inoculation with C. gloeosporioides. These seven compounds were salicin, arbutin, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and naringenin, which helped poplar trees to limit the growth of C. gloeosporioides and differed in their antifungal effects, with phenolic acids having the strongest inhibitory effect. In addition, the optimal concentrations of different substances varied. We demonstrate that these phenolic compounds produced by poplar do play a certain role in the process of poplar resistance to anthracnose. These findings lay a foundation for future research into the antifungal mechanism of poplar trees and may be useful for enhancing the prevention and control of poplar anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Ren
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fanli Meng
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hangbin Bao
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Xing
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Czwienczek E, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL. Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07529. [PMID: 36034322 PMCID: PMC9405523 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Colletotrichum aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola, five clearly defined fungi of the C. gloeosporioides complex causing anthracnose. The pathogens are widely distributed in at least three continents. C. aenigma and C. siamense are reported from Italy and C. alienum from Portugal, including the Madeira Islands, with a restricted distribution. C. perseae and C. theobromicola are not known to be present in the EU. However, there is uncertainty on the status of the pathogens worldwide and in the EU because of the taxonomic re-evaluation of the genus Colletotrichum and the lack of specific surveys. The pathogens are not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072 and there are no reports of interceptions in the EU. With the exception of C. perseae, which has a very limited number of hosts, the other four Colletotrichum species have relatively wide host ranges. Therefore, this pest categorisation focused on those hosts for which there is robust evidence that the pathogens were formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequence analysis. Host plants for planting and fresh fruits are the main entry pathways into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in some parts of the EU are favourable for the establishment of the pathogens. No yield losses have been reported so far in the EU but in non-EU areas of their current distribution, the pathogens have a direct impact on cultivated hosts that are also relevant for the EU. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the further introduction and spread of C. aenigma, C. alienum and C. siamense into the EU as well as the introduction and spread of C. perseae and C. theobromicola. C. aenigma, C. alienum, C. perseae, C. siamense and C. theobromicola satisfy the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for these species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pests.
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Kong WL, Chen X, Sun H, Sun XR, Wu XQ. Identification of Two Fungal Pathogens Responsible for Liriodendron chinense × tulipifera Black Spot and Screening of Trichoderma sp. for Disease Control. Plant Dis 2022; 106:2172-2181. [PMID: 35077229 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1266-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liriodendron chinense × tulipifera black spot is a newly discovered disease that causes yellowing and early shedding of leaves, affecting the growth of Liriodendron trees, and significantly reducing their ornamental value as a garden species. The pathogen responsible for this disease, and how it can be prevented and controlled, are not clear. In this study, the occurrence of this disease was first investigated according to Koch's postulates, and the primary pathogens causing Liriodendron black spot were determined to be Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Alternaria alternata. Biocontrol strains antagonistic to these two pathogens were then screened from the leaf microorganisms of L. chinense × tulipifera, and a preliminary investigation of the biological control of Liriodendron black spot was performed. Through the screening of antagonistic microorganisms on the leaf surface of L. chinense × tulipifera, the strain Trichoderma koningiopsis T2, which displayed strong antagonism against C. gloeosporioides and A. alternata, was obtained. The T2 strain could inhibit the growth of the two pathogens via three mechanisms: hyperparasitism, volatile and nonvolatile metabolite production, and environmental acidification. The biocontrol experiments in the greenhouse and field showed that initial spraying with a T. koningiopsis T2 spore suspension followed by the two pathogens resulted in the lowest disease incidence. These results confirmed the black spot pathogens of L. chinense × tulipifera, clarified the antagonistic mechanism of T. koningiopsis T2 against the two pathogens, and provided a theoretical basis and technical support for the biological control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Kong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
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Xu Z, Jiang X, Li Y, Ma X, Tang Y, Li H, Yi K, Li J, Liu Z. Antifungal activity of montmorillonite/peptide aptamer nanocomposite against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Stylosanthes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:282-290. [PMID: 35835303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemical agents are effective treatment methods for anthracnose induced by pathogenic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Stylosanthes. However, excess consumption of chemical agents destroys the environment, synthetic biology was capable of conquering the issue. The antifungal agent is developed by enclosing a bio-synthesized peptide aptamer with layered montmorillonite via electrostatic interaction. Compared with free peptide aptamer, the nanocomposite exhibits higher antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, further improving the utilization of peptide aptamer. The nanocomposite killed Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by releasing peptide aptamer after they entered the spore. Moreover, montmorillonite enhances the adhesion ability of peptide aptamer via hydrophobic interactions between nanomaterials and leaves, prolonging the extension time of nanocomposite on leaves. Consequently, 0.1 mg of nanocomposite demonstrates a comparable effect to commercial carbendazim (1 %) to prevent anthracnose on leaves of Stylosanthes induced by HK-04 at room temperature. This work demonstrates an alternative to commercial antifungal agents and proposes a versatile approach to preparing environmental-friendly antifungal agents to inhibit fungal infections on crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ye Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanqiong Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kexian Yi
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Insititute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Yang Y, Li HG, Liu M, Wang HL, Yang Q, Yan DH, Zhang Y, Li Z, Feng CH, Niu M, Liu C, Yin W, Xia X. PeTGA1 enhances disease resistance against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides through directly regulating PeSARD1 in poplar. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:672-684. [PMID: 35738343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins play important roles in responding to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of plant resistance to pathogens remain largely unclear in poplar. The present study isolated a TGACG-binding (TGA) transcription factor, PeTGA1, from Populus euphratica. PeTGA1 belongs to subgroup D of the bZIP family and was localized to the nucleus. To study the role PeTGA1 plays in response to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, transgenic triploid white poplars overexpressing PeTGA1 were generated. Results showed that poplars with overexpressed PeTGA1 showed a higher effective defense response to C. gloeosporioides than the wild-type plants. A yeast one-hybrid assay and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that PeTGA1 could directly bind to the PeSARD1 (P. euphratica SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1) promoter, an important regulator for salicylic acid biosynthesis. The transactivation assays indicated that PeTGA1 activated the expression of PeSARD1, and PR1 (PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1), a SA marker gene involved in SA signaling. Subsequently, we observed that the PeTGA1 overexpression lines showed elevated SA levels, thereby resulting in the increased resistance to C. gloeosporioides. Taken together, our results indicated that PeTGA1 may exert a key role in plant immunity not only by targeting PeSARD1 thus participating in the SA biosynthesis pathway but also by involving in SA signaling via activating the expression of PR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hui-Guang Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Meiying Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hou-Ling Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dong-Hui Yan
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, The Key Laboratory of Forest Protection Affiliated to State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Cong-Hua Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mengxue Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weilun Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xinli Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological remediation, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Sun SF, Cao HY, Yi C, Zhu S, Qin ZM, Liu YB. Secondary metabolites with diversified structures from an endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides associated with a toxic medicinal plant Tylophora ovata. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2022; 24:468-482. [PMID: 35118925 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1993832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Six new secondary metabolites, including two new nor-triterpenes (1 and 2), one new sesquiterpene (4), two new α-pyrone derivatives (6 and 7), and one new natural product (5) along with two known compounds (3 and 8) were isolated from an endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides obtained from a toxic medicinal plant Tylophora ovata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses, while their absolute configurations were determined by CD and X-ray diffraction analyses. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Feng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hai-Yan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhi-Min Qin
- Medical School of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yun-Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Zhang Y, Miao L, Yang X, Jiang G. Genome-wide characterization and expression of the TLP gene family associated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides inoculation in Fragaria × ananassa. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12979. [PMID: 35356470 PMCID: PMC8958966 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a soil-borne fungal pathogen, causes significant yield losses in many plants, including cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa, 2n = 8x = 56). Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are a large and complex family of proteins that play a vital role in plant host defense and other physiological processes. Methods To enhance our understanding of the antifungal activity of F. × ananassa TLPs (FaTLP), we investigated the genome-wide identification of FaTLP gene families and their expression patterns in F. × ananassa plants upon pathogen infection. Moreover, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to detect the differences in the expression patterns of TLP genes between different resistant strawberry cultivars in response to C. gloeosporioides infection. Results In total, 76 TLP genes were identified from the octoploid cultivated strawberry genome with a mean length of 1,439 bp. They were distributed on 24 F. × ananassa chromosomes. The FaTLP family was then divided into ten groups (Group I-X) according to the comparative phylogenetic results. Group VIII contained the highest number of TLP family genes. qRT-PCR analysis results indicated that FaTLP40, FaTLP41, FaTLP43, FaTLP68, and FaTLP75 were upregulated following C. gloeosporioides infection in the resistant octoploid strawberry. Conclusions The data showed some differences in TLP gene expression patterns across different resistant strawberry cultivars, as well as faster TLP defense responses to pathogenic fungi in resistant cultivars. This study will aid in the characterization of TLP gene family members found in octoploid strawberries and their potential biological functions in plants' defenses against pathogenic fungi.
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Ishii H, Watanabe H, Yamaoka Y, Schnabel G. Sensitivity to fungicides in isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum species complexes and efficacy against anthracnose diseases. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2022; 182:105049. [PMID: 35249649 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum species cause diseases on many plants and are among the 'top 10' fungal plant pathogens. Species of the C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum complexes are particularly important because they infect temperate fruit crops, but their control relies largely on chemical fungicides. In this study, differences in intrinsic fungicide sensitivity were determined in vitro using isolates of the C. gloeosporioides sp. complex (C. fructicola, C. siamense, and C. tropicale) and the C. acutatum sp. complex (C. fioriniae and C. nymphaeae), which had never been exposed to fungicides. Mycelial growth of all isolates was sensitive to the QoI azoxystrobin, the SDHI benzovindiflupyr, and the new DMI fungicide mefentrifluconazole. The isolates of C. nymphaeae were highly sensitive to the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil. The isolates of C. gloeosporioides sp. complex were sensitive to the bis-guanidine fungicide iminoctadine-albesilate, whereas those of C. acutatum sp. complex were inherently insensitive. These results are valuable when sensitivity of field populations is monitored in resistance management. Although SDHI fungicides are largely not effective against diseases caused by Colletotrichum species, benzovindiflupyr controlled anthracnose disease of various crops such as kidney bean, garland chrysanthemum, and strawberry, caused by C. lindemuthianum, C. chrysanthemi, and C. siamense, respectively, demonstrating this fungicide to be unique among SDHIs and having a broad control spectrum against anthracnose. To help understanding the reason for differential activity of benzovindiflupyr and boscalid, sdhB gene sequences were analyzed but those of C. lindemuthianum, C. chrysanthemi, and C. scovillei revealed no known mutations reported to be responsible for SDHI resistance in other fungi, indicating that other mechanism(s) than target-site modification may be involved in differential sensitivity to benzovindiflupyr and boscalid, found in Colletotrichum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Ishii
- University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Clemson University, 105 Collings Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Kibi International University, Sareo 370-1, Shichi, Minami-awaji, Hyogo 656-0484, Japan.
| | - Hideki Watanabe
- Gifu Prefectural Agricultural Technology Centre, Matamaru, Gifu, Gifu 501-1152, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamaoka
- University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Guido Schnabel
- Clemson University, 105 Collings Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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50
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Liu N, Meng F, Tian C. Transcriptional Network in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Mutants Lacking Msb2 or Msb2 and Sho1. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:207. [PMID: 35205961 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a hemibiotrophic ascomycetous fungus that causes anthracnose in many plants worldwide. During infections, C. gloeosporioides produces an appressorium in response to various plant surface signals. However, the mechanism mediating host surface signal recognition remains unclear. In this study, C. gloeosporioides ΔCgMsb2 and ΔCgMsb2Sho1 mutants lacking hypothetical sensors of plant surface signals were examined. The mutations in ΔCgMsb2 and ΔCgMsb2Sho1 adversely affected conidial size and sporulation, while also inhibiting growth. Significant transcriptional changes were detected for nearly 19% and 26% of the genes in ΔCgMsb2 and ΔCgMsb2Sho1, respectively. The lack of these plasma membrane receptors altered the expression of specific genes, especially those encoding hydrolases, ABC transporters, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The encoded MAPKs participate in the signal transduction of ERK and JNK signaling pathways, activate downstream signals, and contribute to metabolic regulation. Our data demonstrate that the C. gloeosporioides membrane proteins Msb2 and Sho1 affect gene regulation, thereby influencing conidial growth, metabolism, and development. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of C. gloeosporioides's development and infection of plant hosts.
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