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Barbara B, Michela T, Lucia M, Roberto B, Veronica C, Alessandra S, Sonia S, Raffaella B, Pavoni E, Marina Nadia L, Simone P. Mammalian and avian species quantification in homogenized foods: real time PCR and digital PCR as tools for label compliance controls. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10668. [PMID: 38724593 PMCID: PMC11082228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently food fraud and authenticity of products composition are topics of great concern; ingredients quantification could allow to identify small amounts of contaminats or voluntary addition of improper components. Many molecular methods are available for species identification in foodstuffs but, for a better application, they should not be affected by the interference of other ingredients. The main purpose of this work was to verify the Real Time PCR and the Digital PCR (dPCR) quantification performances on baby food samples, specifically selected for their high miscibility to limit variability; chicken was selected as target to verify the performance of quantification of methods after having spiked the same quantity in different baby foods. The other aims were: (1) to verify a constant genome copies ratio existence between mammalian and avian species (2) to verify the dPCR performance, set up on housekeeping, to quantify mammalian and avian species in commercial products. Digital PCR showed fewer differences respect to Real Time PCR, at the same 15% w/w chicken spiking level. Despite the constant difference between mammalian and avian genome copies, in samples with the same spiking weight, the confidence intervals increasing towards the extreme values, made impossible to use genome copies ratio as a sort of correction factor between species. Finally, the dPCR system using the myostatin housekeeping gene to determine the chicken content seemed reliable to verify the labelling compliance in meat-based commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertasi Barbara
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Tilola Michela
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mangeri Lucia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Benevenia Roberto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cappa Veronica
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Scaburri Alessandra
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Scaramagli Sonia
- COOP ITALIA, Via del Lavoro 6/8, 40033, Casalecchio di Reno, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bergami Raffaella
- COOP ITALIA, Via del Lavoro 6/8, 40033, Casalecchio di Reno, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Pavoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Losio Marina Nadia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi 9, 15124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Peletto Simone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Turin, Italy
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Giusti A, Malloggi C, Magagna G, Filipello V, Armani A. Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin? A systematic review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13256. [PMID: 38284609 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Food authentication using molecular techniques is of great importance to fight food fraud. Metabarcoding, based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, allowing large-scale taxonomic identification of complex samples via massive parallel sequencing of fragments (called DNA barcodes) simultaneously, has become increasingly popular in many scientific fields. A systematic review to answer the question "Is the metabarcoding ripe enough to be applied to the authentication of foodstuff of animal origin?" is presented. The inclusion criteria were focused on the selection of scientific papers (SPs) only applying metabarcoding to foodstuff of animal origin collected on the market. The 23 included SPs were first analyzed with respect to the metabarcoding phases: library preparation (target genes, primer pairs, and fragment length), sequencing (NGS platforms), and final data analysis (bioinformatic pipelines). Given the importance of primer selection, the taxonomic coverage of the used primers was also evaluated. In addition, the SPs were scored based on the use of quality control measures (procedural blanks, positive controls, replicates, curated databases, and thresholds to filter the data). A lack of standardized protocols, especially with respect to the target barcode/s and the universal primer/s, and the infrequent application of the quality control measures, leads to answer that metabarcoding is not ripe enough for authenticating foodstuff of animal origin. However, the observed trend of the SP quality improvement over the years is encouraging. Concluding, a proper protocol standardization would allow a wider use of metabarcoding by both official and private laboratories, enabling this method to become the primary for the authentication of foodstuffs of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giusti
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Malloggi
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Magagna
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Brescia, Italy
| | - Virginia Filipello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- FishLab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Wang H, Meng X, Yao L, Wu Q, Yao B, Chen Z, Xu J, Chen W. Accurate molecular identification of different meat adulterations without carryover contaminations on a microarray chip PCR-directed microfluidic lateral flow strip device. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2023; 7:100180. [PMID: 37664158 PMCID: PMC10471925 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Meat adulteration-based food fraud has recently become one of the global major economical, illegal, religious, and public health concerns. In this work, we developed a microarray chip polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-directed microfluidic lateral flow strip (LFS) device that facilitates the accurate and simultaneous identification of beef adulterated with chicken, duck, and pork, especially in processed beef products. To realize this goal, four pairs of amplification primers were designed and applied for specifically amplifying genomic DNA extracted from mixed meat powders in microarray chip. With the prominent advantage of this device lies in the flexible combination and integration of sample loading, detection, and reporting in microstructures, all the DNA amplicons can be individually visualized on the LFS unit, leading to the appearance of test lines (TC line, TD line, TP line, or TB line) as well as the control line (C line) for the species identification and quantification in beef products. Based on this new method, the adulterants were successfully distinguished and identified in mixtures down to 0.01% (wt.%) while the carryover aerogel contamination in routine molecular diagnostic laboratories was effectively avoided. The practicability, accuracy, and reliability of the device were further confirmed by using real-time PCR as a gold standard control on the successful identification of 50 processed ground meat samples sourced from local markets. The method and device proposed herein could be a useful tool for on-site identification of food authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanling Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xianzhuo Meng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Li Yao
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Bangben Yao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Anhui Province Institute of Product Quality Supervision & Inspection, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Zhaoran Chen
- Anhui Province Institute of Product Quality Supervision & Inspection, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, MOE, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Vatin G, Théolier J, Dominguez S, Godefroy SB. Fraud or cross-contamination? The case of small-scale meat processors in Quebec, Canada. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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5
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Mottola A, Piredda R, Lorusso L, Armani A, Di Pinto A. Preliminary study on species authentication in poultry meat products by next-generation sequencing. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Klapper R, Velasco A, Döring M, Schröder U, Sotelo CG, Brinks E, Muñoz-Colmenero M. A next-generation sequencing approach for the detection of mixed species in canned tuna. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100560. [PMID: 36845509 PMCID: PMC9943852 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuna cans are relevant seafood products for which mixtures of different tuna species are not allowed according to European regulations. In order to support the prevention of food fraud and mislabelling, a next-generation sequencing methodology based on mitochondrial cytochrome b and control region markers has been tested. Analyses of defined mixtures of DNA, fresh tissue and canned tissue revealed a qualitative and, to some extent, semiquantitative identification of tuna species. While the choice of the bioinformatic pipeline had no influence in the results (p = 0.71), quantitative differences occurred depending on the treatment of the sample, marker, species, and mixture (p < 0.01). The results revealed that matrix-specific calibrators or normalization models should also be used in NGS. The method represents an important step towards a semiquantitative method for routine control of this analytically challenging food matrix. Tests of commercial samples uncovered mixed species in some cans, being not in compliance with EU regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Klapper
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, E.-C.-Baumann-Straße 20, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany,Corresponding author.
| | - Amaya Velasco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Maik Döring
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, E.-C.-Baumann-Straße 20, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
| | - Ute Schröder
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen G. Sotelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Erik Brinks
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Hermann-Weigmann-Str. 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
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Cottenet G, Cavin C, Blancpain C, Chuah PF, Pellesi R, Suman M, Nogueira S, Gadanho M. A DNA Metabarcoding Workflow to Identify Species in Spices and Herbs. J AOAC Int 2022; 106:65-72. [PMID: 35980160 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spices and herbs are food categories regularly cited as highly susceptible to be adulterated. To detect potential adulteration with undeclared species, DNA-based methods are considered the most suitable tools. OBJECTIVE In this study, the performance of the ready-to-use Thermo Scientific™ NGS Food Authenticity Workflow (Thermo Fisher Scientific)-a commercial DNA metabarcoding approach-is described. The tool was further applied to analyze 272 commercial samples of spices and herbs. METHOD Pure samples of spices and herbs were analyzed with the Thermo Scientific NGS Food Authenticity Workflow to assess its specificity, and spikings down to 1% (w/w) allowed evaluation of its sensitivity. Commercial samples, 62 and 210, were collected in Asian and European markets, respectively. RESULTS All tested species were correctly identified often down to the species level, while spikings at 1% (w/w) confirmed a limit of detection at this level, including in complex mixtures composed of five different spices and/or herbs. The analysis of 272 commercial samples showed that 78% were compliant with the declared content, whereas the rest were shown to contain undeclared species that were in a few cases allergenic or potentially toxic. CONCLUSIONS The Thermo Scientific NGS Food Authenticity Workflow was found to be suitable to identify food plant species in herbs and spices, not only when tested on pure samples, but also in mixtures down to 1% (w/w). The overall workflow is user-friendly and straightforward, which makes it simple to use and facilitates data interpretation. HIGHLIGHTS The Thermo Scientific NGS Food Authenticity Workflow was found to be suitable for species identification in herbs and spices, and it allowed the detection of undeclared species in commercial samples. Its ease of use facilitates its implementation in testing laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Cottenet
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Cavin
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carine Blancpain
- Institute of Food Safety and Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Poh Fong Chuah
- Nestlé Quality Assurance Center, Quality Road, 618802 Singapore
| | - Roberta Pellesi
- Barilla Analytical Food Science, Research Development and Quality Group, Barilla G&R Fratelli, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Suman
- Barilla Analytical Food Science, Research Development and Quality Group, Barilla G&R Fratelli, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Sofia Nogueira
- Jerónimo Martins Molecular Biology Laboratory, Jerónimo Martins SGPS, 1649-033 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mario Gadanho
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Wade Road, Basingstoke, UK
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Popping B, Buck N, Bánáti D, Brereton P, Gendel S, Hristozova N, Chaves SM, Saner S, Spink J, Willis C, Wunderlin D. Food inauthenticity: Authority activities, guidance for food operators, and mitigation tools. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4776-4811. [PMID: 36254736 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Historically, food fraud was a major public health concern which helped drive the development of early food regulations in many markets including the US and EU market. In the past 10 years, the integrity of food chains with respect to food fraud has again been questioned due to high profile food fraud cases. We provide an overview of the resulting numerous authoritative activities underway within different regions to counter food fraud, and we describe the guidance available to the industry to understand how to assess the vulnerability of their businesses and implement appropriate mitigation. We describe how such controls should be an extension of those already in place to manage wider aspects of food authenticity, and we provide an overview of relevant analytical tools available to food operators and authorities to protect supply chains. Practical Application: Practical Application of the provided information by the food industry in selecting resources (guidance document, analytical methods etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Popping
- FOCOS - Food Consulting Strategically, Alzenau, Germany
| | - Neil Buck
- General Mills Inc., Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Diána Bánáti
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Paul Brereton
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Steven Gendel
- Gendel Food Safety LLC, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sandra Mourinha Chaves
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Samim Saner
- Mérieux NutriSciences, Tassin la Demi-Lune, France
| | - John Spink
- Department of Supply Chain Management, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Daniel Wunderlin
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Edificio Cs. II, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
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9
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Current Analytical Methods and Research Trends Are Used to Identify Domestic Pig and Wild Boar DNA in Meat and Meat Products. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101825. [PMID: 36292710 PMCID: PMC9601671 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The pig, one of the most important livestock species, is a meaningful source of global meat production. It is necessary, however, to prove whether a food product that a discerning customer selects in a store is actually made from pork or venison, or does not contain it at all. The problem of food authenticity is widespread worldwide, and cases of meat adulteration have accelerated the development of food and the identification methods of feed species. It is worth noting that several different molecular biology techniques can identify a porcine component. However, the precise differentiation between wild boar and a domestic pig in meat products is still challenging. This paper presents the current state of knowledge concerning the species identification of the domestic pig and wild boar DNA in meat and its products.
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10
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Robust detection of cow and female buffalo DNA through Real-Time PCR assay. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2022.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Piredda R, Mottola A, Cipriano G, Carlucci R, Ciccarese G, Di Pinto A. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach applied to species identification in mixed processed seafood products. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Modern on-site tool for monitoring contamination of halal meat with products from five non-halal animals using multiplex polymerase chain reaction coupled with DNA strip. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Identification of Mammalian and Poultry Species in Food and Pet Food Samples Using 16S rDNA Metabarcoding. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112875. [PMID: 34829156 PMCID: PMC8620145 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The substitution of more appreciated animal species by animal species of lower commercial value is a common type of meat product adulteration. DNA metabarcoding, the combination of DNA barcoding with next-generation sequencing (NGS), plays an increasing role in food authentication. In the present study, we investigated the applicability of a DNA metabarcoding method for routine analysis of mammalian and poultry species in food and pet food products. We analyzed a total of 104 samples (25 reference samples, 56 food products and 23 pet food products) by DNA metabarcoding and by using a commercial DNA array and/or by real-time PCR. The qualitative and quantitative results obtained by the DNA metabarcoding method were in line with those obtained by PCR. Results from the independent analysis of a subset of seven reference samples in two laboratories demonstrate the robustness and reproducibility of the DNA metabarcoding method. DNA metabarcoding is particularly suitable for detecting unexpected species ignored by targeted methods such as real-time PCR and can also be an attractive alternative with respect to the expenses as indicated by current data from the cost accounting of the AGES laboratory. Our results for the commercial samples show that in addition to food products, DNA metabarcoding is particularly applicable to pet food products, which frequently contain multiple animal species and are also highly prone to adulteration as indicated by the high portion of analyzed pet food products containing undeclared species.
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14
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Dirong G, Nematbakhsh S, Selamat J, Chong PP, Idris LH, Nordin N, Fatchiyah F, Abdull Razis AF. Omics-Based Analytical Approaches for Assessing Chicken Species and Breeds in Food Authentication. Molecules 2021; 26:6502. [PMID: 34770913 PMCID: PMC8587031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken is known to be the most common meat type involved in food mislabeling and adulteration. Establishing a method to authenticate chicken content precisely and identifying chicken breeds as declared in processed food is crucial for protecting consumers' rights. Categorizing the authentication method into their respective omics disciplines, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, and glycomics, and the implementation of bioinformatics or chemometrics in data analysis can assist the researcher in improving the currently available techniques. Designing a vast range of instruments and analytical methods at the molecular level is vital for overcoming the technical drawback in discriminating chicken from other species and even within its breed. This review aims to provide insight and highlight previous and current approaches suitable for countering different circumstances in chicken authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goh Dirong
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Sara Nematbakhsh
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Lokman Hakim Idris
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Noordiana Nordin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, JI. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia;
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.N.); (J.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Cottenet G, Blancpain C. A real-time PCR method to assess the presence of vertebrate material in plant-based products. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Smart U, Cihlar JC, Budowle B. International Wildlife Trafficking: A perspective on the challenges and potential forensic genetics solutions. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2021; 54:102551. [PMID: 34134047 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
International wildlife trafficking (IWT) is a thriving and pervasive illegal enterprise that adversely affects modern societies. Yet, despite being globally recognized as a threat to biodiversity, national security, economy, and biosecurity, IWT remains largely unabated and is proliferating at an alarming rate. The increase in IWT is generally attributed to a lack of prioritization to curb wildlife crime through legal and scientific infrastructure. This review: (1) lays out the damaging scope and influence of IWT; (2) discusses the potential of DNA marker systems, barcodes, and emerging molecular technologies, such as long-read portable sequencing, to facilitate rapid, in situ identification of species and individuals; and (3) encourages initiatives that promote quality and innovation. Interdisciplinary collaboration promises to be one of the most effective ways forward to surmounting the complex scientific and legal challenges posed by IWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Smart
- Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp, Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | - Jennifer Churchill Cihlar
- Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp, Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Bruce Budowle
- Center for Human Identification, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp, Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Zhang X, Armani A, Giusti A, Wen J, Fan S, Ying X. Molecular authentication of crocodile dried food products (meat and feet) and skin sold on the Chinese market: Implication for the European market in the light of the new legislation on reptile meat. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Gargouri H, Moalla N, Kacem HH. PCR–RFLP and species-specific PCR efficiency for the identification of adulteries in meat and meat products. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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20
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Čapla J, Zajác P, Čurlej J, Belej Ľ, Kročko M, Bobko M, Benešová L, Jakabová S, Vlčko T. Procedures for the identification and detection of adulteration of fish and meat products. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition or exchange of cheaper fish species instead of more expensive fish species is a known form of fraud in the food industry. This can take place accidentally due to the lack of expertise or act as a fraud. The interest in detecting animal species in meat products is based on religious demands (halal and kosher) as well as on product adulterations. Authentication of fish and meat products is critical in the food industry. Meat and fish adulteration, mainly for economic pursuit, is widespread and leads to serious public health risks, religious violations, and moral loss. Economically motivated adulteration of food is estimated to create damage of around € 8 to 12 billion per year. Rapid, effective, accurate, and reliable detection technologies are keys to effectively supervising meat and fish adulteration. Various analytical methods often based on protein or DNA measurements are utilized to identify fish and meat species. Although many strategies have been adopted to assure the authenticity of fish and meat and meat a fish products, such as the protected designation of origin, protected geographical indication, certificate of specific characteristics, and so on, the coverage is too small, and it is unrealistic to certify all meat products for protection from adulteration. Therefore, effective supervision is very important for ensuring the suitable development of the meat industry, and rapid, effective, accurate, and reliable detection technologies are fundamental technical support for this goal. Recently, several methods, including DNA analysis, protein analysis, and fat-based analysis, have been effectively employed for the identification of meat and fish species.
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21
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Wildlife forensics: A boon for species identification and conservation implications. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 317:110530. [PMID: 33096398 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife trade and fraudulence in food, artefacts and cosmetic industries had raised serious concern in protection of the wild faunal diversity. Lack of proper tools and molecular based techniques for identification of wild species are some of the major constrains faced by the judiciary and law enforcement agencies while framing charges against poachers and illicit agitator. The emergence of wildlife forensics serves as a boon in solving long pending cases of wildlife crimes. Wildlife forensics have proven to be fast, accurate and reliable criminal investigation processes with comprehensive coverage and easy accessibility. It has also helped resolving taxonomic disputes, determining spatiotemporal genetic divergence, evolutionary history, origins and even endemism. Collaboration among inter-disciplinary fields has even led to engineered signature markers and phylogenetics for several species. Development in fields of genetics, molecular and evolutionary biology and other omics techniques have further contributed in accurate identification of species. Wildlife forensics, with the support of proper international mega database units for population reference, will be fundamental in wildlife investigations through its unlimited information sharing ability. The efficient conservation of species will, however, require a collaborative approach consisting of national policy makers, local stakeholders and implementation agencies in addition to experts from the scientific communities.
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22
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Martuscelli M, Serio A, Capezio O, Mastrocola D. Safety, Quality and Analytical Authentication of ḥalāl Meat Products, with Particular Emphasis on Salami: A Review. Foods 2020; 9:E1111. [PMID: 32823523 PMCID: PMC7466354 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Only some animal species could be transformed into ḥalāl salami and the raw meat must be obtained from ritually slaughtered animals. Several scientific studies have been conducted on ritual slaughtering practices and manufacturing of meat products for Jewish and Muslim religious communities; furthermore, many projects have been funded by the European Community on this topic. The authenticity and traceability of meat is one of the priorities of ḥalāl food certification systems. The pig matrix (meat and/or lard) may be fraudulently present in ḥalāl processed meat, as well as salami, for both economic and technological purposes; in fact, the use of these raw materials reflects the easier availability and their lower cost; furthermore, it allows manufacturers to obtain final products with better quality (sensory properties) and stability (especially with respect to oxidative reactions). The aim of this review is to discuss the qualitative and technological aspects of ḥalāl raw meat for dry fermented sausages (salami); moreover, this study focuses on the most recent studies carried out on the certification system and on the analytical methods performed in order to solve problems such as fraud and adulteration of ḥalāl salami and other halal meat foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martuscelli
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Annalisa Serio
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Oriana Capezio
- Department Asian, African and Mediterranean, University of Naples “L’Orientale”, Piazza San Domenico Maggiore 12, 80134 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Dino Mastrocola
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (A.S.); (D.M.)
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23
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Li YC, Liu SY, Meng FB, Liu DY, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang JM. Comparative review and the recent progress in detection technologies of meat product adulteration. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2256-2296. [PMID: 33337107 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Meat adulteration, mainly for the purpose of economic pursuit, is widespread and leads to serious public health risks, religious violations, and moral loss. Rapid, effective, accurate, and reliable detection technologies are keys to effectively supervising meat adulteration. Considering the importance and rapid advances in meat adulteration detection technologies, a comprehensive review to summarize the recent progress in this area and to suggest directions for future progress is beneficial. In this review, destructive meat adulteration technologies based on DNA, protein, and metabolite analyses and nondestructive technologies based on spectroscopy were comparatively analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages, application situations of these technologies were discussed. In the future, determining suitable indicators or markers is particularly important for destructive methods. To improve sensitivity and save time, new interdisciplinary technologies, such as biochips and biosensors, are promising for application in the future. For nondestructive techniques, convenient and effective chemometric models are crucial, and the development of portable devices based on these technologies for onsite monitoring is a future trend. Moreover, omics technologies, especially proteomics, are important methods in laboratory detection because they enable multispecies detection and unknown target screening by using mass spectrometry databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Cheng Li
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Yan Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan-Bing Meng
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Da-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Creydt M, Fischer M. Food authentication in real life: How to link nontargeted approaches with routine analytics? Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1665-1679. [PMID: 32249434 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In times of increasing globalization and the resulting complexity of trade flows, securing food quality is an increasing challenge. The development of analytical methods for checking the integrity and, thus, the safety of food is one of the central questions for actors from science, politics, and industry. Targeted methods, for the detection of a few selected analytes, still play the most important role in routine analysis. In the past 5 years, nontargeted methods that do not aim at individual analytes but on analyte profiles that are as comprehensive as possible have increasingly come into focus. Instead of investigating individual chemical structures, data patterns are collected, evaluated and, depending on the problem, fed into databases that can be used for further nontargeted approaches. Alternatively, individual markers can be extracted and transferred to targeted methods. Such an approach requires (i) the availability of authentic reference material, (ii) the corresponding high-resolution laboratory infrastructure, and (iii) extensive expertise in processing and storing very large amounts of data. Probably due to the requirements mentioned above, only a few methods have really established themselves in routine analysis. This review article focuses on the establishment of nontargeted methods in routine laboratories. Challenges are summarized and possible solutions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Creydt
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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25
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Zia Q, Alawami M, Mokhtar NFK, Nhari RMHR, Hanish I. Current analytical methods for porcine identification in meat and meat products. Food Chem 2020; 324:126664. [PMID: 32380410 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Authentication of meat products is critical in the food industry. Meat adulteration may lead to religious apprehensions, financial gain and food-toxicities such as meat allergies. Thus, empirical validation of the quality and constituents of meat is paramount. Various analytical methods often based on protein or DNA measurements are utilized to identify meat species. Protein-based methods, including electrophoretic and immunological techniques, are at times unsuitable for discriminating closely related species. Most of these methods have been replaced by more accurate and sensitive detection methods, such as DNA-based techniques. Emerging technologies like DNA barcoding and mass spectrometry are still in their infancy when it comes to their utilization in meat detection. Gold nanobiosensors have shown some promise in this regard. However, its applicability in small scale industries is distant. This article comprehensively reviews the recent developments in the field of analytical methods used for porcine identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Zia
- A New Mind, Ash Shati, Al Qatif 32617-3732, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Alawami
- A New Mind, Ash Shati, Al Qatif 32617-3732, Saudi Arabia; Depaartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Irwan Hanish
- Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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