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Osman Z, Pizzi A, Elbadawi ME, Mehats J, Mohammed W, Charrier B. Effect of Technological Factors on the Extraction of Polymeric Condensed Tannins from Acacia Species. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1550. [PMID: 38891495 PMCID: PMC11174908 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research work was to investigate the influence of parameters such as particle size, mass/solvent ratio, temperature and spray drying on the tannin extraction process in order to develop cost-effective methods with better environmental and structural performance. The pods of Acacia nilotica ssp. tomentosa (ANT) were fractionated into three fractions, coarse fraction (C) (>2 mm), medium fraction (M) (1-2 mm), and fine fraction (F) < 1 mµ), and extracted with different water-to-pod ratios (2:1, 4:1 and 6:1) at different temperatures (30, 50 and 70 °C). The best results were scaled up using the three fractions of ANT, its bark and the bark of Acacia seyal var. seyal (ASS). Part of their extract was spray dried. The tannin content and total polyphenolic materials were evaluated using standard methods. Their adhesives were tested for their tensile strength. Tannins of ASS were characterized by 13C NMR and MALDI-TOF. The results revealed that the fine fraction (F) gave the highest percentage of tannins in both small and scaled-up experiments. The results of the tensile strength conformed to the European standard. The 13C NMR spectra of ANT and ASS showed that the bark contained condensed tannins mainly consisting of procyanidins/prodelphinidin of 70%/30% and 60%/40%, respectively. MALDI-TOF spectra confirmed the results obtained by 13C NMR and detailed the presence of flavonoid monomers and oligomers, some of which were linked to short carbohydrate monomers or dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Osman
- Institute of Engineering Research and Materials Technology, National Center for Research, Khartoum P.O. Box 2404, Sudan; (M.E.E.); (W.M.)
- ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27, Rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France
- University of Pau and the Adour Region, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat (IPREM-UMR5254), 40004 Mont de Marsan, France; (J.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Antonio Pizzi
- ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27, Rue Philippe Seguin, 88000 Epinal, France
| | - Mohammed Elamin Elbadawi
- Institute of Engineering Research and Materials Technology, National Center for Research, Khartoum P.O. Box 2404, Sudan; (M.E.E.); (W.M.)
| | - Jérémy Mehats
- University of Pau and the Adour Region, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat (IPREM-UMR5254), 40004 Mont de Marsan, France; (J.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Wadah Mohammed
- Institute of Engineering Research and Materials Technology, National Center for Research, Khartoum P.O. Box 2404, Sudan; (M.E.E.); (W.M.)
- University of Pau and the Adour Region, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat (IPREM-UMR5254), 40004 Mont de Marsan, France; (J.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Bertrand Charrier
- University of Pau and the Adour Region, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat (IPREM-UMR5254), 40004 Mont de Marsan, France; (J.M.); (B.C.)
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Murtaza M, Tariq Z, Kamal MS, Rana A, Saleh TA, Mahmoud M, Alarifi SA, Syed NA. Improving Water-Based Drilling Mud Performance Using Biopolymer Gum: Integrating Experimental and Machine Learning Techniques. Molecules 2024; 29:2512. [PMID: 38893388 PMCID: PMC11173980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Drilling through shale formations can be expensive and time-consuming due to the instability of the wellbore. Further, there is a need to develop inhibitors that are environmentally friendly. Our study discovered a cost-effective solution to this problem using Gum Arabic (ArG). We evaluated the inhibition potential of an ArG clay swelling inhibitor and fluid loss controller in water-based mud (WBM) by conducting a linear swelling test, capillary suction timer test, and zeta potential, fluid loss, and rheology tests. Our results displayed a significant reduction in linear swelling of bentonite clay (Na-Ben) by up to 36.1% at a concentration of 1.0 wt. % ArG. The capillary suction timer (CST) showed that capillary suction time also increased with the increase in the concentration of ArG, which indicates the fluid-loss-controlling potential of ArG. Adding ArG to the drilling mud prominently decreased fluid loss by up to 50%. Further, ArG reduced the shear stresses of the base mud, showing its inhibition and friction-reducing effect. These findings suggest that ArG is a strong candidate for an alternate green swelling inhibitor and fluid loss controller in WBM. Introducing this new green additive could significantly reduce non-productive time and costs associated with wellbore instability while drilling. Further, a dynamic linear swelling model, based on machine learning (ML), was created to forecast the linear swelling capacity of clay samples treated with ArG. The ML model proposed demonstrates exceptional accuracy (R2 score = 0.998 on testing) in predicting the swelling properties of ArG in drilling mud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobeen Murtaza
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Zeeshan Tariq
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Kamal
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (N.A.S.)
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.)
| | - Azeem Rana
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Tawfik A. Saleh
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.)
| | - Sulaiman A. Alarifi
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.)
| | - Nadeem Ahmed Syed
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (N.A.S.)
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Mohamed RI, Daoud IM, Suliman AG, Kaddam L. Effect of Prebiotic Dietary Supplement Acacia senegal on Hormonal and Metabolic Markers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e45480. [PMID: 37859871 PMCID: PMC10584032 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The most prevalent endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is linked to a variety of metabolic abnormalities. Although the pathogenesis of PCOS is not fully understood, it is known that oxidative stress, altered gut microbiome, and increased gonadotrophin-releasing hormone play a significant role. Gum arabic (GA) is an edible, dried, gummy exudate from the Acacia senegal tree, well-known for its prebiotic and antioxidant effects. The main objective of the study was to assess the changes in hormonal and metabolic profiles in PCOS patients after the ingestion of gum arabic. Method This was a clinical trial conducted on fifteen patients suffering from PCOS, with a mean age of 27.8 years (20-39 years). All patients experienced irregular cycles. Hormonal and metabolic markers (follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (TT), fasting insulin, total cholesterol (TC), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) were measured before and after the ingestion of gum arabic (30 g/day of GA dissolved in 250 ml water for eight weeks) on the second day of the menstrual cycle after granting ethical approval from the National Medicine and Poisons Board and from the participants of the study. Results The study demonstrated a significant decrease in the luteinizing hormone level, FSH/LH ratio, and cholesterol pre- and post-gum arabic ingestion (p-values 0.001, 0.013, and 0.007, respectively). Follicular stimulating hormone slightly reduced post-ingestion with no significant difference (p-value 0.414). No significant changes were seen in the testosterone, insulin, or HBA1c levels. Conclusion The study concluded that gum arabic ingestion for eight weeks decreases the luteinizing hormone and LH/FSH ratio and improves the metabolic profile by reducing the cholesterol level in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem I Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Ibrahim M Daoud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Awadia G Suliman
- Faculty of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, SDN
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawarah, SAU
| | - Lamis Kaddam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan, SDN
- Department of Physiology, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, SAU
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Gum Arabic nanoformulation rescues neuronal lesions in bromobenzene-challenged rats by its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective potentials. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21213. [PMID: 36481816 PMCID: PMC9731957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromobenzene (BB) is a hazardous environmental contaminant because of its multiple routes of exposure and the toxicity of its bio-derivates. It could elicit neuronal alterations by stimulating redox imbalance and apoptotic pathways. Gum Arabic (GA) protected the hippocampus of a type 2 diabetic rat model from cognitive decline. Whether gum Arabic nanoemulsion (GANE) can increase the neuroprotectant potency of GA in fighting BB-associated neurological lesions is the question to be answered. To accomplish this objective, 25 adult male Wistar rats were randomly and equally assigned into five groups. Control received olive oil (vehicle of BB). BB group received BB at a dose of 460 mg/kg BW. Blank nanoemulsion (BNE) group supplemented with BNE at 2 mL of 10% w/v aqueous suspension/kg BW. GANE group received GANE at a dose of 2 mL of 10% w/v aqueous suspension/kg BW. BB + GANE group exposed to BB in concomitant with GANE at the same previous doses. All interventions were carried out daily by oral gavage for ten consecutive days. BB caused a marked increase in malondialdehyde and succinate dehydrogenase together with a marked decrease in reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lactate dehydrogenase in the brain. BB was accompanied by pathological deteriorations, amyloidosis, and reduced immuno-expression of integrase interactor 1 in the hippocampal region. Administration of GANE was beneficial in reversing the aforementioned abnormalities. These results pave the road for further discovery of nano-formulated natural products to counter the threats of BB.
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Advances in the role of natural gums-based hydrogels in water purification, desalination and atmospheric-water harvesting. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2888-2921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Siednamohammeddeen N, Badi R, Mohammeddeen T, Enan K, AmalSaeed. The effect of gum Arabic supplementation on cathelicidin expression in monocyte derived macrophages in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:149. [PMID: 35650596 PMCID: PMC9158159 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important effectors of the innate defense system. Cathelicidins, (CRAMP in mouse/rat, LL-37 in human) is one of the two major classes of AMPs in humans. The upregulation of LL-37 synthesis is a novel non-antibiotic approach to prevent or treat infectious diseases. Butyrate was found to induce Cathelicidin expression. Gum Arabic (GA), an exudate from Acacia senegaltree, is known for its prebiotic effects. Fermentation of GA by colonic bacteria increases serum butyrate concentrations. This study was conducted to investigate if GA supplementation can increase Cathelicidin expression in macrophages. Methods The study was an in-vivo experiment in mice. Thirty mice were randomly divided into three groups, ten mice per group. The two intervention groups received GA dissolved in drinking water in two different concentrations (15% w/v and 30% w/v) for 28 days. The third group served as a control. Blood was collected on Day 29 to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which were cultured to obtain monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs). The transcription level of CRAMP was determined in MDMsby qPCR. Results We detected a significant increase (p = 0.023) in CRAMP expression in MDMs following 28 days of 15% GA supplementation, compared to the control group, but there was no significant change in the group on 30% GA supplementation (p = 0.055). Conclusion GAsupplementation can induce Cathelicidin expression in MDMs and the effect is dose dependent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03627-9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rehab Badi
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Tahane Mohammeddeen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Red Sea University, Portsudan, Sudan
| | - Khalid Enan
- Department of Virology, Central Laboratory, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Reaserch, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - AmalSaeed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Sharma A, Bhushette PR, Annapure US. Physicochemical and rheological properties of Acacia Catechu exudate gum. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rajab E, Keogh MB, Laiva AL, Al Hannan F, Fateel M, Abdulwahab F, Al Madhoob F, AlHamer B, Ghazzal SY, Dawaishan A, Mahdi S, Qareeballa A, Almosawi SM, Falamarzi F, ElMusharaf K, Kamal A. Gum Arabic supplementation prevents loss of learning and memory through stimulation of mitochondrial function in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Al-Fatimi M. Wild edible plants traditionally collected and used in southern Yemen. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:49. [PMID: 34372859 PMCID: PMC8351113 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00475-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The local wild edible plants (WEPs) are still used traditionally in the rural communities in Yemen, but this traditional knowledge is still undocumented and has been never reported before. Therefore, this study is the first ethnobotanical survey on WEPs conducted in Yemen. METHODS The study is based on two field surveys made in two periods 1988-1992 and 2014-2016 to document the wild plants used as edible by local indigenous peoples in 23 districts belonged to five governorates, in southern Yemen. Information data were collected by oral face-to-face interviews from 250 informants. Citations numbers were calculated for each species. RESULTS A total of 58 plant species belonged to 37 genera and 21 families are reported as wild edible plants consumed in southern Yemen. Apocynaceae was the dominant plant family with 18 species followed by Asteraceae (6) and Malvaceae (5). The most widely used edible parts are stem, leaf and fruit with more than 17 species for each. Herbs were reported as the most important sources (31 species), followed by shrubs (16) and trees (9). Most of reported wild edibles (48 species parts) are consumed in raw form; only 12 of them are cooked. Seven wild edible plants were collected in dry season, 16 species throughout the year and 38 in rainy season. In this study, 58 wild plants were reported for the first time as food in Yemen. Comparing the southern Yemeni findings to those from other world countries, 12 of them are new WEPs eaten only in southern Yemen, while 46 species are shared in the use in different world countries practically in East Africa and Arab countries. CONCLUSIONS The results data reflect the strong relationship between the local peoples and the local WEPs as potential sources insure food security. The traditional use of these WEPs is attributed to food shortage, nutritional values and local cultural tradition. The study is of great importance in preserving the traditional and knowledge heritage from being lost due to the risks of time, war and immigration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Al-Fatimi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aden University, P.O. Box 5411, Maalla, Aden, Yemen.
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Kamal E, Kaddam LA, Alagib A, Saeed A. Dietary Fibers (Gum Arabic) Supplementation Modulates Hepatic and Renal Profile Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Phase II Trial. Front Nutr 2021; 8:552049. [PMID: 33777988 PMCID: PMC7987669 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.552049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the synovial joints with systemic manifestations. RA has a major impact on liver and kidney functions as part of the disease pathogenesis or as a sequel of disease medications or, mostly, both of them. The kidney and liver involvement increases the RA morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, dietary interventions are proposed as potential modifiers for disease severity. Gum Arabic (GA) is acacia senegal exudates; it is soluble fiber with prebiotic properties. GA has been discovered to be protective against experimental nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, with comparable findings in human studies. This article addresses the effect of GA on hepatic and renal profile among RA patients. Methods: Forty patients aged 18–70 received GA daily for 12 weeks as a single dose of 30 g. The liver enzymes, total protein level, serum albumin, serum globulin level, urea, creatinine, and serum electrolytes have been measured as a baseline after 4 weeks and by the end of the study. Cobas C311 (Roche, Germany) automated chemistry analyzer directly determined the values for total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine. The study ethically has been approved by the Ethical Committee of the National Medicines and Poisons Board. Trial Registration Identifier: NCT02804581. Results: Regarding the liver enzymes, GA has significantly decreased the liver enzymes apart from alkaline phosphatase, which showed no significant change. In contrast, GA has increased the serum albumin level with a minor impact on the serum globulin level. Furthermore, GA has also significantly decreased the level of urea (P = 0.0001) and level of Sodium (P = 0.002) with nonsignificant change on creatinine and potassium concentrations. Conclusion: GA presents hepatic and renal protective effects among RA patients, evidenced by the significant reduction of urea and liver enzymes. Thus, it can be recommended as a dietary supplement for RA patients. Nonetheless, we recommend further investigation to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtihal Kamal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Alnour Alagib
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amal Saeed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Chaudhari BB, Annapure US. Physiochemical and rheological characterization of pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) benth gum exudate as a potential wall material for the encapsulation of rosemary oil. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2020.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Abstract
Polysaccharides that contain many sugar monomers include starch and non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) together with resistant starch (RS). Dietary polysaccharides are well known to have a wide range of biological benefits for bowel health. Gut microbiota and their fermentative products, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), which have recently been highlighted as metabolic regulators, are thought to mediate the function of dietary complex carbohydrates and bowel health. We discuss the influence of various polysaccharides on human bowel health and the mechanisms underlying these effects. We also describe their biological effects on intestinal health and the mechanisms underlying their activity; the polysaccharides were divided into three categories: dietary, microbial, and host-derived polysaccharides. Physiological impacts of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) and resistant starch (RS), both of which pass through the small intestine nearly intact and can be fermented by gut microbiota in the large intestine, are similar to each other. They exert a wide range of beneficial effects including anti-inflammation, gut epithelial barrier protection, and immune modulation through both microbiota-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Bacterial polysaccharides usually found in the cell wall generally act as immune modulators, and host-derived polysaccharides not only protect host cells from pathogenic microbial neighbors but also affect overall intestinal health via interactions with gut microbes. Considering these observations, further studies on polysaccharides will be important for bowel health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Ho Do
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seul Seo
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Park
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Gum Arabic ( Acacia Senegal) Augmented Total Antioxidant Capacity and Reduced C-Reactive Protein among Haemodialysis Patients in Phase II Trial. Int J Nephrol 2020; 2020:7214673. [PMID: 32328307 PMCID: PMC7171621 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7214673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative processes might increase in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) according to the current literature. Oxidative stress (OS) is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications, which are major causes of mortality among ESRD patients. Haemodialysis (HD) is life-saving procedure, nevertheless it is an active chronic inflammatory status that could augment cardiovascular disease and increase mortality. Gum Arabic (GA) has been claimed to act as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in experimental studies and clinical trials. Therefore, we assumed GA supplementation among haemodialysis patients would reduce oxidative stress and consequently reduce the state of chronic inflammatory activation associated with haemodialysis. Methods Forty end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients aged 18–80 years who were on regular haemodialysis in Arif Renal Center, Omdurman, Sudan, were recruited. All recruited patients met the inclusion criteria and signed informed consent prior to enrolment. The patients received 30 g/day of GA for 12 weeks. C-reactive protein (CRP) and complete blood count (CBC) were measured as baseline and monthly. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured before and after GA intake. Ethical approval from the National Medicines and Poisons Board was obtained. Results Gum Arabic significantly augmented total antioxidant capacity level (P < 0.001) (95% CI, 0.408–0.625) and also attenuated oxidative marker MDA and C-reactive protein (P < 0.001). Conclusions GA has revealed potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in haemodialysis patients. Oral digestion of GA (30 g/day) decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers among haemodialysis patients. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03214692, registered 11 July 2017 (prospective registration).
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Rosa JG, Nascimento RF, Andreola K, Taranto OP. Acacia gum fluidized bed agglomeration: Use of inulin as a binder and process parameters analysis. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana G. Rosa
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
- Federal Institue of Espírito Santo Vila Velha Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Raul F. Nascimento
- School of Food EngineeringUniversity of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Kaciane Andreola
- Mauá Institute of Technology (IMT) São Caetano do Sul São Paulo Brazil
| | - Osvaldir P. Taranto
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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Sources, structure, properties and health benefits of plant gums: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 135:46-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Michel-Barba MG, Espinosa-Andrews H, García-Reyes RA, Desjardins Y, González-Ávila M. Effect of blueberry extract, carriers, and combinations on the growth rate of probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 70:63-70. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1475551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Gretel Michel-Barba
- Food Technology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Hugo Espinosa-Andrews
- Food Technology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rudy Antonio García-Reyes
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marisela González-Ávila
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Physicochemical, functional and rheological investigation of Soymida febrifuga exudate gum. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:1116-1123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bhushette PR, Annapure US. Comparative study of Acacia nilotica exudate gum and acacia gum. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:266-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Improving anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hypertensive properties of camu-camu (Myriciaria dubia Mc. Vaugh) using lactic acid bacterial fermentation. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dong Y, Sørensen KM, He S, Engelsen SB. Gum Arabic authentication and mixture quantification by near infrared spectroscopy. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extracts of Ziziphus jujuba and Gum arabic. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sowntharya C, Gayathri S, Dhenadayalan N, Vasanthi R, Vanjinathan M, Kumaran R. Photophysical studies of a food hydrocolloid, Gum Arabic with resorcinol based acridinedione dyes in water. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Mortensen A, Aguilar F, Crebelli R, Di Domenico A, Frutos MJ, Galtier P, Gott D, Gundert-Remy U, Lambré C, Leblanc JC, Lindtner O, Moldeus P, Mosesso P, Oskarsson A, Parent-Massin D, Stankovic I, Waalkens-Berendsen I, Woutersen RA, Wright M, Younes M, Brimer L, Christodoulidou A, Lodi F, Tard A, Dusemund B. Re-evaluation of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04741. [PMID: 32625453 PMCID: PMC7010027 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive. In the EU, acacia gum has not been formally evaluated by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF), and therefore, no ADI has been allocated. However, it was accepted for use in weaning food (SCF, 1991). In 1999, the SCF considered 'that the use of acacia gum/gum arabic in coatings for nutrient preparations containing trace elements is acceptable provided carry-over levels in infant formulae, follow-on formulae or FSMP do not exceed 10 mg/kg'. Acacia gum was evaluated by JECFA in 1982 and 1990 and the specifications were amended in 1998. Based on the lack of adverse effects in the available toxicity studies, an ADI 'not specified' was allocated. Following the conceptual framework for the risk assessment of certain food additives re-evaluated under Commission Regulation (EU) No 257/2010, the Panel considered that adequate exposure and toxicity data were available. Acacia gum is unlikely to be absorbed intact and is slightly fermented by intestinal microbiota. No adverse effects were reported in subchronic and carcinogenicity studies at the highest dose tested and there is no concern with respect to the genotoxicity. Oral daily intake of a large amount of acacia gum up to 30,000 mg acacia gum/person per day (approximately equivalent 430 mg acacia gum/kg bw per day) for up to 18 days was well tolerated in adults but some individuals experienced flatulence which was considered by the Panel as undesirable but not adverse effect. The Panel concluded that there is no need for a numerical ADI for acacia gum (E 414), and there is no safety concern for the general population at the refined exposure assessment of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive.
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Fujita A, Souza VB, Daza LD, Fávaro-Trindade CS, Granato D, Genovese MI. Effects of Spray-Drying Parameters on In Vitro Functional Properties of Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia Mc. Vaugh): A Typical Amazonian Fruit. J Food Sci 2017; 82:1083-1091. [PMID: 28329408 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) fruit is a rich source of bioactive compounds but its shelf life is rather short. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of inlet air temperature (T) and concentration (C) of maltodextrin and arabic gum on the spray-drying process of commercial camu-camu pulps (São Paulo and Manaus). Moisture, solubility, total phenolics (TP), ascorbic acid (AA), and proanthocyanidins (PAC) contents, and in vitro antioxidant capacity of the powders (FRAP, DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteu's reducing capacity were measured). Arabic gum resulted in better yields (22% to 30%), powder solubility (84% to 90%), and lower losses of analyzed compounds than the powders manufactured with maltodextrin. Overall, inlet air temperature had a lower impact on the responses studied than the concentration of carrier agents. Polynomial equations were generated for AA (R2 = 0.993), TP (R2 = 0.735), PAC (R2 = 0.946), and for the antioxidant capacity assays (0.867 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.963). In addition, principal component analysis showed that the lowest concentration of carrier agents (6%) in spray drying resulted in the lowest losses of bioactive compounds and, consequently, the highest antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Fujita
- Laboratory of Food Bioactive Compounds, Food and Experimental Nutrition Dept., FCF, Univ. of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Volnei Brito Souza
- Laboratory of Food Engineering, Faculty of Zootechnics and Food Engineering, Univ. of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Daniel Daza
- Laboratory of Food Bioactive Compounds, Food and Experimental Nutrition Dept., FCF, Univ. of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Fávaro-Trindade
- Laboratory of Food Engineering, Faculty of Zootechnics and Food Engineering, Univ. of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Dept. of Food Engineering, State Univ. of Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Inés Genovese
- Laboratory of Food Bioactive Compounds, Food and Experimental Nutrition Dept., FCF, Univ. of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
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Mohamed RE, Gadour MO, Adam I. The lowering effect of Gum Arabic on hyperlipidemia in Sudanese patients. Front Physiol 2015; 6:160. [PMID: 26042049 PMCID: PMC4434902 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia especially low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major risk factor for developing ischemic heart disease. Soluble dietary fiber has lipid lowering characteristics. Gum Arabic (GA) is 95% soluble fiber calculated on dry bases. The beneficial effect of GA on lipid profile needs further verification. A case-control study was conducted at Omdurman Hospital, Sudan to assess the effect of G A on serum lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia. Cases received a 20 mg tablet of atorvastatin /day plus 30 mg of GA for 4 weeks while the controls received atorvastatin only. Levels of lipids in serum were assessed according to conventional methods before and 1 month after the trial. There is no significant difference in the basic characteristics between the study and the control groups (55 patients in each arm of the study). While there was no significant difference in the levels of HDL, there was a significant reduction of the total cholesterol (25.9 vs. 7.8%, P < 0.001), triglyceride (38.2 vs. 2.9%, P < 0.001), and LDL (30.8 vs. 8.1%, P < 0.001) before and after the intervention in the study compared to the controls groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima E Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman University Omdurman, Sudan
| | | | - Ishag Adam
- Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman University Omdurman, Sudan ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum Khartoum, Sudan
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Patel S, Goyal A. Applications of Natural Polymer Gum Arabic: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2013.809541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Babiker R, Merghani TH, Elmusharaf K, Badi RM, Lang F, Saeed AM. Effects of Gum Arabic ingestion on body mass index and body fat percentage in healthy adult females: two-arm randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial. Nutr J 2012; 11:111. [PMID: 23241359 PMCID: PMC3570285 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gum Arabic (acacia Senegal) is a complex polysaccharide indigestible to both humans and animals. It has been considered as a safe dietary fiber by the United States, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since the 1970s. Although its effects were extensively studied in animals, there is paucity of data regarding its quantified use in humans. This study was conducted to determine effects of regular Gum Arabic (GA) ingestion on body mass index and body fat percentage among healthy adult females. Methods A two-arm randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial was conducted in the Department of Physiology at the Khartoum University. A total of 120 healthy females completed the study. They were divided to two groups: A test group of 60 volunteers receiving GA (30 gm /day) for 6 weeks and a placebo group of 60 volunteers receiving pectin (1 gm/day) for the same period of time. Weight and height were measured before and after intervention using standardized height and weight scales. Skin fold thickness was measured using Harpenden Skin fold caliper. Fat percentage was calculated using Jackson and Pollock 7 caliper method and Siri equation. Results Pre and post analysis among the study group showed significant reduction in BMI by 0.32 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.47; P<0.0001) and body fat percentage by 2.18% (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.83; P<0.0001) following regular intake of 30 gm /day Gum Arabic for six weeks. Side effects caused by GA ingestion were experienced only in the first week. They included unfavorable viscous sensation in the mouth, early morning nausea, mild diarrhea and bloating abdomen. Conclusions GA ingestion causes significant reduction in BMI and body fat percentage among healthy adult females. The effect could be exploited in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Babiker
- Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Vanloot P, Dupuy N, Guiliano M, Artaud J. Characterisation and authentication of A. senegal and A. seyal exudates by infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. Food Chem 2012; 135:2554-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Survival of freeze dried Lactobacillus plantarum in instant fruit powders and reconstituted fruit juices. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Salazar-Montoya J, Jiménez-Avalos H, Ramos-Ramírez E. Effects of Gum Arabic Concentration and Soy Proteins on the Flow and Viscoelasticity of their Dispersion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2010.506099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pérez-Chabela ML, Lara-Labastida R, Rodriguez-Huezo E, Totosaus A. Effect of Spray Drying Encapsulation of Thermotolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria on Meat Batters Properties. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Peres I, Rocha S, Gomes J, Morais S, Pereira MC, Coelho M. Preservation of catechin antioxidant properties loaded in carbohydrate nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ushida K, Hatanaka H, Inoue R, Tsukahara T, Phillips GO. Effect of long term ingestion of gum arabic on the adipose tissues of female mice. Food Hydrocoll 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Phillips AO, Phillips GO. Biofunctional behaviour and health benefits of a specific gum arabic. Food Hydrocoll 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Khan R, Dey NC, Hazarika AK, Saini KK, Dhayal M. Mycotoxin detection on antibody-immobilized conducting polymer-supported electrochemically polymerized acacia gum. Anal Biochem 2011; 410:185-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Phillips GO, Cui SW. An introduction: Evolution and finalisation of the regulatory definition of dietary fibre. Food Hydrocoll 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huber HF, Lewis KP. An assessment of gum-based environmental enrichment for captive gummivorous primates. Zoo Biol 2011; 30:71-8. [PMID: 21319210 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.20321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the wild, many primates consume gums exuded from trees, and many species are gum specialists. In spite of this, few data exist concerning gum feeding in captivity. Using a web-based survey of 46 zoos in 12 countries, we evaluated the extent to which zoos feed gum to primates. We found that although callitrichids and galagos receive gum-based enrichment, cercopithecines generally do not. Environmental enrichment is important for stimulating naturalistic behavior to promote the psychological wellbeing of animals. Thus, gum-based enrichment is important for captive gummivores. Our study highlights the need to improve environmental enrichment for captive gummivores, in particular that of cercopithecines. This is most striking for the patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), an obligate gummivore. The exchange of ecological data between field research and captive settings is crucial, and is just one way primate caretakers can contribute to the conservation and welfare of some of our closest living relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary F Huber
- Department of Anthropology, Texas State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, Texas, USA.
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Fang Y, Al-Assaf S, Phillips GO, Nishinari K, Williams PA. Interaction of Gum Arabic with Fatty Acid Studied Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1398-405. [DOI: 10.1021/bm100219n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Center, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom, Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd., 45 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AQ, United Kingdom, and Centre for Water-Soluble Polymers, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Saphwan Al-Assaf
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Center, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom, Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd., 45 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AQ, United Kingdom, and Centre for Water-Soluble Polymers, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Glyn O. Phillips
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Center, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom, Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd., 45 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AQ, United Kingdom, and Centre for Water-Soluble Polymers, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Center, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom, Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd., 45 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AQ, United Kingdom, and Centre for Water-Soluble Polymers, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A. Williams
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Center, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom, Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd., 45 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AQ, United Kingdom, and Centre for Water-Soluble Polymers, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
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Glover DA, Ushida K, Phillips AO, Riley SG. Acacia(sen) SUPERGUM™ (Gum arabic): An evaluation of potential health benefits in human subjects. Food Hydrocoll 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2009.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Rodríguez MS, Montero M, Staffolo MD, Martino M, Bevilacqua A, Albertengo L. Chitosan influence on glucose and calcium availability from yogurt: In vitro comparative study with plants fibre. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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