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Mohammed ME, Abbas AM, Badi RM, Bashir SO, Osman OM, Morsy MD, Saeed AM. Effect of Acacia senegal on TGF-β1 and vascular mediators in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1548-1558. [PMID: 32574082 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1781901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), endothelin-1 and angiotensin II are responsible for extracellular matrix accumulation within the kidney in diabetic nephropathy. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of adding Gum Arabic (GA) and insulin on serum glucose, renal function, TGF-β1, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II in rats with diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into; normal, normal plus GA, diabetic rats (DM), DM plus insulin, DM plus GA, and DM plus insulin plus GA groups. Levels of glucose and creatinine in serum, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1 in renal homogenate and HbA1c were measured. RESULTS Serum creatinine, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1 were increased in diabetic rats. GA decreased serum glucose, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and HbA1c in diabetic rats. GA and insulin decreased serum glucose, creatinine, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and HbA1c in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Co-administration of GA with insulin to rats with diabetic nephropathy improved the glycemic state, renal function, TGF-β1, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muataz E Mohammed
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Amr M Abbas
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Salah Omer Bashir
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Osama M Osman
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Mohamed D Morsy
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Amal M Saeed
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
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Tobeigei F, Zaki MSA, Shati AA, Abdalla AM, Mohammed HM, Bahamdan K, Osman R, Dawood SA, Essa M, Alqahtani R, Mohamed G, Badi RM, Eid RA. Why Human Prepuce is a Valuable Resource in Science? Histological, Ultrastructural, Immunohistochemical and Statistical Analysis. INT J MORPHOL 2022. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022022000400895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Satti HH, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Elrefaie AO, Mostafa DG. Subacute administration of Astaxanthin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13407. [PMID: 32725659 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Astaxanthin (ASTX) on levels and activities of the clotting factors in control rats. Untreated or ASTX-treated rats (10 mg/kg, dissolved in DMSO) were used in this study. ASTX treatment was conducted for 10 days daily. ASTX significantly decreased the platelet count and prolonged values of prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time (PT and aPTT, respectively). Besides, it significantly reduced serum levels of vitamin K and the plasma activities and hepatic expression of vitamin K-dependent factors (FII, FVII, FIX, and FX) without altering the activities or levels of all other clotting factors nor plasma levels of fibrinogen or von Willebrand Factor. These effects were associated with a reduction in serum and fecal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides and lower serum levels of LDL-c. In conclusion, ASTX exerts an in vivo hypocoagulant effects mediated by the inhibition of vitamin K-dependent factors. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings presented here are the first that show the ability of Astaxanthin (ASTX) to inhibit coagulation in rats by suppressing the circulatory levels of Vitamin K and decrease the synthesis and release of all Vitamin-K dependent factor (FII, FVII, FIX, and FX). Since some synthetic anti-coagulants had side effects, these findings may illustrate ASTX as a natural anti-coagulant with fewer side effects that require further investigation in more clinical trials. Besides, awareness should be established for those individuals with some bleeding disorders who are being treated with ASTX for other beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amany O Elrefaie
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- National Liver Institute, Department of Pathology, Menoufyia University, Menoufyia, Egypt
| | - Dalia G Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Satti HH, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Elrefaie AO, Mostafa DG. Antiplatelet activity of astaxanthin in control- and high cholesterol-fed rats mediated by down-regulation of P2Y 12, inhibition of NF-κB, and increasing intracellular levels of cAMP. Platelets 2020; 32:469-478. [PMID: 32379559 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1756237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antiplatelet effect of the plant carotenoid, astaxanthin (ASTX) in rats fed either control or high cholesterol plus cholic acid diet (HCCD) and possible underlying mechanisms. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/each), namely, control (fed normal diet), control + ASTX (10 mg/kg/day), HCCD-fed rats, and HCCD + ASTX-treated rats. Diets and treatments were orally administered daily for 30 days. In both control and HCCD-fed rats, ASTX significantly increased fecal levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, reduced platelet count, prolonged bleeding time, and inhibited platelet aggregation. It also reduced platelet levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Bcl-2; thromboxane B2 (TXB2) release; and the expression of P2Y12, P-selectin, and CD36 receptors. Moreover, the activity NF-κB p65 and Akt was inhibited. Concomitantly, it increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (p-VASP) as well as intracellular levels of cAMP. However, in HCCD-fed rats, the effects of ASTX were associated with reduced serum levels of ox-LDL-c and fasting plasma glucose levels. In conclusion, antiplatelet effects of ASTX involve ROS scavenging, inhibiting NF-κB activity, down-regulating P2Y12 expression, and increasing intracellular levels of cAMP that are attributed to its antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pathology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amany O Elrefaie
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,National Liver Institute, Department of Pathology, Menoufyia University, Menoufyia, Egypt
| | - Dalia G Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Satti HH, Mostafa DG. Exendin-4 exhibits a tumour suppressor effect in SKOVR-3 and OVACR-3 ovarian cancer cells lines by the activation of SIRT1 and inhibition of NF-κB. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1092-1102. [PMID: 32072679 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated if EX-527 has an anti-tumour effect in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines and if this effect involves the SIRT1/NF-κB axis. Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of EX-527, a selective SIRT-1 inhibitor. Exendin-4 significantly induced cell death in both cell lines and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Also, it decreased protein levels of Bcl-2, MMP-9, and ICAM-1 and increased those of Bax, cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3. Mechanistically, Exendin-4 increased the activity and nuclear accumulation of SIRT1 and decreased nuclear levels of NF-κB p65; acetylated levels of NF-κB p65, and cytoplasmic levels of p-IKKα and p-IκBα. EX-527 partially ameliorated the effect of Exendin-4 on cell death, migration, and invasion, as well as on the expression of Bcl-2, MMP-9, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and ICAM-1. In addition, EX-527 did not affect the levels of nuclear p65 and p-p65 (Ser536); p-IκBα (Ser32) and p-IKKαβ. In conclusion, Exendin-4 can suppress OC by inhibiting NF-kB through SIRT1 dependent and independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Huda H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Dalia G Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Badi RM, Khaleel EF, El-Bidawy MH, Satti HH, Mostafa DG. Exendin-4 Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Two Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines through Inhibition of Mtorc1 Mediated by Activation of AMPK and Suppression of Akt. Folia Biol (Praha) 2020; 66:186-203. [PMID: 34087975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Activation of autophagy suppresses ovarian cancer (OC). This in vitro study investigated whether the anti-tumour effect of exendin-4 against OC involves modulation of autophagy and figured out the possible mechanisms of action. SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells (1 × 105/ml) were cultured in DMEM medium and treated with exendin-4 in the presence or absence of chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor. In some cases, cells were also treated with exendin- 4 with or without pre-treatment with compound C (CC), an AMPK inhibitor, or insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), a PI3K/Akt activator. Exendin-4 increased expression of beclin-1 and LC3I/II, suppressed expression of p62, reduced cell survival, migration, and invasion, and increased cell apoptosis and LDH release in both SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. Besides, exendin-4 reduced phosphorylation of mTORC1, 6SK, 4E-BP1, and Akt but increased phosphorylation of AMPK in both cell lines. These effects were associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2, suppression of nuclear phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspases 3/8. Chloroquine completely prevented the inhibitory effects of exendin-4 on the cell survival, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and cell invasiveness and abolished its stimulation of cell apoptosis and LDH release. Moreover, only the combined treatment with IGF-1 and CC completely abolished the observed effect of exendin-4 on the expression of beclin-1, LC3I/II, p62, as well as on cell survival, apoptosis, and LDH release. Exendin-4 exhibits a potent anti-tumour cytotoxic effect in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells by activating the markers of autophagy, mediated by activation of AMPK and inhibition of Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Badi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - E F Khaleel
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M H El-Bidawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of BMS, Division of Physiology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Ibn Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - H H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - D G Mostafa
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Mostafa DG, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Abdel-Aleem GA, Abdeen HM. Rutin hydrate inhibits apoptosis in the brains of cadmium chloride-treated rats via preserving the mitochondrial integrity and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Neurol Res 2019; 41:594-608. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1596206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia G. Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Eman F. Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab M. Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ghada A. Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M. Abdeen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O.Box 3340, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Badi RM, Mostafa DG, Khaleel EF, Satti HH. Resveratrol protects against hepatic insulin resistance in a rat's model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by down-regulation of GPAT-1 and DGAT2 expression and inhibition of PKC membranous translocation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:545-555. [PMID: 30773673 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hepatic insulin resistance (IR). Resveratrol (RES) a potent hypolipidemic dietary polyphenol has been identified for its ability to prevent hepatic steatosis and hepatic IR in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed murine models of NAFLD. In the present study, we have carried an in vivo animal experiment to identify a novel mechanism for RES protective action. Sub-chronic (45 days) RES pretreatment in 3 days HFD-fed adult Wistar rats prevented early hepatic IR through inhibiting PKC/JNK activation; decreasing p-IRS (Ser307 ) and increasing p-IRS(Tyr612 ), p-Akt(Ser473 ) and p-GSK3(Ser9 ). These effects of RES were associated with reduced expression of acyl-CoA:glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT-1) and diacylglycerol:acyl-CoA acyltransferase (DGAT2), two critical enzymes in the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway for de novo triglycerides synthesis. These data indicate that RES protects against NAFLD, initially, by inhibiting the early development of hepatic IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Dalia G Mostafa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Huda H Satti
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Babiker R, Merghani TH, Elmusharaf K, Badi RM, Lang F, Saeed AM. Effects of Gum Arabic ingestion on body mass index and body fat percentage in healthy adult females: two-arm randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial. Nutr J 2012; 11:111. [PMID: 23241359 PMCID: PMC3570285 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gum Arabic (acacia Senegal) is a complex polysaccharide indigestible to both humans and animals. It has been considered as a safe dietary fiber by the United States, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since the 1970s. Although its effects were extensively studied in animals, there is paucity of data regarding its quantified use in humans. This study was conducted to determine effects of regular Gum Arabic (GA) ingestion on body mass index and body fat percentage among healthy adult females. Methods A two-arm randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial was conducted in the Department of Physiology at the Khartoum University. A total of 120 healthy females completed the study. They were divided to two groups: A test group of 60 volunteers receiving GA (30 gm /day) for 6 weeks and a placebo group of 60 volunteers receiving pectin (1 gm/day) for the same period of time. Weight and height were measured before and after intervention using standardized height and weight scales. Skin fold thickness was measured using Harpenden Skin fold caliper. Fat percentage was calculated using Jackson and Pollock 7 caliper method and Siri equation. Results Pre and post analysis among the study group showed significant reduction in BMI by 0.32 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.47; P<0.0001) and body fat percentage by 2.18% (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.83; P<0.0001) following regular intake of 30 gm /day Gum Arabic for six weeks. Side effects caused by GA ingestion were experienced only in the first week. They included unfavorable viscous sensation in the mouth, early morning nausea, mild diarrhea and bloating abdomen. Conclusions GA ingestion causes significant reduction in BMI and body fat percentage among healthy adult females. The effect could be exploited in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Babiker
- Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences & Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
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Badi RM, Abdalla EE. Patterns of digital volume pulse waveform and pulse transit time in young and older individuals. Sud Jnl Med Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.4314/sjms.v2i4.38491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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