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Li X, Wu Y, Duan W, Chen L, Cheng L, Liu J, Zhou Y, Ai C, Li X, Huang Q. Emulsification properties of ovalbumin-fucoidan (OVA-FUC) binary complexes. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101457. [PMID: 38798795 PMCID: PMC11126805 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The poor thermal stability and emulsifying properties of ovalbumin (OVA) limit its functional performance, but these limitations may be overcome by forming binary complexes. We prepared binary complexes of OVA and fucoidan (FUC) through electrostatic self-assembly and investigated the emulsifying properties of the complex by measuring the particle size, interfacial membrane thickness, zeta potential, and stability of the emulsion prepared with camellia oil and the complex. The OVA-FUC emulsions have a thicker interfacial membrane, lower mobility, higher viscosity, and better stability compared with the OVA emulsions. The emulsion prepared with 1.5 % OVA-FUC remained stable and homogeneous during storage. They tended to become unstable with freeze-thaw, but the oil encapsulated did not leak after coalescence occurred. With the addition of Ca2+, the OVA-FUC emulsion will be converted into a gel state. These findings indicate that OVA-FUC binary complexes can be used to prepare high-performance emulsions with great potential for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiefei Li
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yingmei Wu
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenshan Duan
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lujie Cheng
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junmei Liu
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chao Ai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qun Huang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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2
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Wang F, Li J, Wang Y, Liu H, Yu B, Zhao H, Zhang R, Tao H, Ren X, Cui B. The dispersibility of biphasic stabilized oil-in-water emulsions improved by the interaction between curdlan and soy protein isolate. Food Chem 2024; 457:140101. [PMID: 38901349 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Curdlan, a natural polysaccharide, exhibits emulsion-stabilizing and viscosity-modifying properties. However, when employed solely in the aqueous phase, curdlan's adhesive nature impedes droplet dispersion, resulting in a gel-like structure with limited applicability. This investigation formulated a biphasic stabilized oil-in-water emulsion by supplementing the oil phase with beeswax and the aqueous phase with curdlan and soy protein isolate (SPI). The addition of SPI transformed the structural characteristics from a gel-like to a mayonnaise-like structure. Maximal electrostatic repulsion was observed at an internal phase volume fraction of 30%, effectively precluding droplet aggregation owing to the absolute zeta potentials surpassing 40 mV. The emulsions displayed shear-thinning rheological behavior, with a higher storage modulus than the loss modulus, indicative of favorable elastic properties. Molecular docking revealed the predominant role of polar amino acids in facilitating hydrogen bond formation. This study provides a template for developing emulsions with biphasic stability and desirable dispersibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Rentang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, China
| | - Haiteng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xin Ren
- School of Food and Health, China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
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3
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Neofytos DD, Gregersen SB, Andersen U, Corredig M. In situ single-droplet analysis of emulsified fat using confocal Raman microscopy: insights into crystal network formation within spatial resolution. SOFT MATTER 2024. [PMID: 38690673 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00194j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Fat crystallization is one of the predominant factors influencing the structure and properties of fat-containing emulsions. In the present study, the role of emulsifiers on fat crystallization dynamics within droplet multiphase systems was evaluated via single-droplet analysis, taking advantage of the non-destructive properties of confocal Raman microscopy. Palm oil droplets dispersed in water were used as a model system, due to palm oil's well-known crystallization properties. Emulsion droplets of the same size were generated using two different emulsifiers (Whey Protein Isolate and Tween 60), at various concentrations. Fast and slow cooling treatments were applied to affect fat crystallisation and network formation as well as droplet morphology, and crystallization dynamics. Raman imaging analysis demonstrated that the chemical structure and concentration of the emulsifier significantly influenced both crystal nucleation within the droplets, as well as the spatial distribution and morphology of the fat crystal network. Additionally, analysis of the spectra of the crystallized phase provided essential information regarding the impact of the emulsifiers on the microstructure, degree of structural order, and structural arrangements of the fat crystal networks. Furthermore, by performing single droplet analysis during cooling it was possible to observe shape distortions in Tween 60 stabilized droplets, as a consequence of the formation of a three-dimensional network of fat crystals that strongly interacted with the interface. On the other hand, the droplets retained their shape when whey proteins were absorbed at the interface. Confocal Raman microscopy, in combination with polarized light microscopy, is, therefore, a well-suited tool for in situ, single-droplet analysis of emulsified oil systems, providing essential information about emulsified fat crystallization dynamics, contributing to better understanding and designing products with enhanced structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios D Neofytos
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | - Ulf Andersen
- Arla Innovation Centre, Arla Foods, Agro Food Park 19, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Milena Corredig
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Lee MH, Kim HD, Jang YJ. Delivery systems designed to enhance stability and suitability of lipophilic bioactive compounds in food processing: A review. Food Chem 2024; 437:137910. [PMID: 37931451 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilic compounds, such as flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and hydrophobic nutrients possess vital properties including antioxidant effects, functional attributes, and nutritional value that can improve human health. However, their susceptibility to environmental factors including heat, pH changes, and ionic strength encountered during food processing poses significant challenges. To address these issues, diverse bioactive delivery systems have been developed. This review explores delivery systems designed to optimize the stability and suitability of lipophilic bioactive compounds in food processing. Extensive literature analysis reveals that tailoring delivery systems with various biopolymers can protect bioactives through steric hindrance and formation of thick interfacial layers on the emulsion surfaces. Thus, the access of oxygen, prooxidants, and free radicals at the emulsion interface could be inhibited, resulting in enhanced processing suitability of bioactives as well as chemical stability under diverse environmental conditions. The insights presented in this review hold immense value for the food and beverage industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyeock Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeong Do Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jae Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Xu W, Jia Y, Li J, Sun H, Cai L, Wu G, Kang M, Zang J, Luo D. Pickering emulsion with high freeze-thaw stability stabilized by xanthan gum/lysozyme nanoparticles and konjac glucomannan. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129740. [PMID: 38281516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
In this study, freeze-thaw cycle experiments were conducted on food-grade Pickering emulsions co-stabilized with konjac glucomannan (KGM) and xanthan gum/lysozyme nanoparticles (XG/Ly NPs). The rheological properties, particle size, flocculation degree (FD), coalescence degree (CD), centrifugal stability, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microstructure of Pickering emulsion stabilized by KGM before and after freeze-thaw were characterized. It was found that as the concentration of KGM increased, the flocculation degree (FD) and coalescence degree (CD) of the emulsion decreased after the freeze-thaw cycle compared to the control sample, and the microscopic images showed that the droplets became smaller and less affected by the freeze-thaw cycles. The rheological and water-holding properties also confirmed that the KGM-added emulsions still had a strong gel network structure and prevented the separation of the continuous and dispersed phases of the droplets after freezing and thawing. Freeze-thaw treatments had a negative effect on the stable emulsion of XG/Ly NPs, while the addition of KGM improved the freeze-thaw stability of the emulsion, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of emulsion products with high freeze-thaw stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
| | - Yin Jia
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Haomin Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Liwen Cai
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Guanchen Wu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Mengyao Kang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Denglin Luo
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Shen Z, Gao H, Peng W, Wang F, Liu Y, Wu J, Wang S, Li X. Cryoprotective effect of soybean oil on surimi gels and the mechanism based on molecular dynamics simulation. J Texture Stud 2023. [PMID: 37968073 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The effect of soybean oil (SO) on freeze-thaw (F-T)-treated surimi was investigated and its related mechanism was revealed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results displayed that SO has a disrupting effect on the structure of fresh samples. However, in the F-T-treated samples, surimi gels supplemented with SO had a more uniform microstructure. Simultaneously, when SO was added from 0% to 7% in the F-T-treated samples, the gel strength increased from46.66 to 51.86 N · mm $$ 46.66\ \mathrm{to}\ 51.86\;\mathrm{N}\cdotp \mathrm{mm} $$ (p < .05), the physically bound water was increased from 92.90% to 94.15% (p < .05), and storage modulus was increased from 5939 to 6523 Pa. Triglycerides of SO generated hydrophobic interactions with myosin mainly in carbon chains. Computational results from MD simulations illustrated that the structure of myosin combined with triglycerides was more stable than that of myosin alone during temperature fluctuations (-20 to 4°C). During ice crystal growth, triglycerides absorbed on the myosin surface inhibited the growth of surrounding ice crystals and mitigated the ice crystal growth rate (from 7.54 to 5.99 cm/s). The addition of SO during the F-T treatments allowed myosin to be less negatively affected by ice crystal formation and temperature fluctuations and ultimately contributed to the formation of a more uniform network gel structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Shen
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huaqian Gao
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wanqi Peng
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Faxiang Wang
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Food Resources Processing, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongle Liu
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Food Resources Processing, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xianghong Li
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Shu M, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Fan L, Li J. Sucrose Esters and Beeswax Synergize to Improve the Stability and Viscoelasticity of Water-in-Oil Emulsions. Foods 2023; 12:3387. [PMID: 37761096 PMCID: PMC10529963 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
W/O emulsions are commonly used to prepare stable low-fat products, but their poor stability limits widespread applications. In this study, sucrose ester (SE) and beeswax were utilized to prepare an oil dispersion system in rapeseed oil, which was used as the external oil phase to further synergistically construct the W/O emulsion systems. The results show that spherical and fine crystals are formed under the synergistic effect of SE and BW (1.5 SE:0.5 BW). In this state, a dense interfacial crystal layer was easily formed, preventing droplet aggregation, leading to droplet size reduction (1-2 μm) and tight packing, improving viscoelasticity and resistance to deformation, and increasing the recovery rate (52.26%). The long-term stability of W/O emulsions containing up to 60 wt% water was found to be more than 30 days. The increase in the aqueous phase led to droplet aggregation, which increased the viscosity (from 400 Pa·s to 2500 Pa·s), improved the structural strength of the emulsion, and increased the width of the linear viscoelastic region (from 1% strain to 5% strain). These findings provide some technical support for the further development of stable low-fat products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
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Lu F, Ma Y, Zang J, Qing M, Ma Z, Chi Y, Chi Y. High-temperature glycosylation modifies the molecular structure of ovalbumin to improve the freeze-thaw stability of its high internal phase emulsion. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123560. [PMID: 36746301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ovalbumins (OVAs) were glycosylated with fructo-oligosaccharide (FO) at different temperatures (80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C) and durations (1 h and 2 h) via wet-heating. The glycosylated OVAs (GOVAs) were characterized by the degree of glycosylation (DG), particle size, zeta potentials, and structural changes. GOVAs-stabilized high-internal-phase emulsions (HIPEs) were then prepared to compare their macro- and microstructure and freeze-thaw stability. The results showed that the DG of GOVAs increased with the increase in glycosylation temperature and the protein structure unfolded with it. Glycosylation decreased the particle size, zeta potential, and α-helical structures and increased the β-sheets and surface hydrophobicity (H0) of GOVAs compared with unmodified OVAs. Moreover, GOVAs-stabilized HIPEs exhibited smaller particle sizes, zeta potentials, agglomeration indexes, oil loss rates, and freezing points and higher viscoelasticity, centrifugal stabilities, flocculation indexes, and freeze-thaw stabilities. Notably, HIPEs prepared by GOVAs (glycosylated higher than 120 °C) showed the least changes in macro- and microscopic appearances after freeze-thawing. These findings will provide a novel method for improving and broadening the functionalities of OVAs and potentially develop HIPEs with enhanced freeze-thaw stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jingnan Zang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mingmin Qing
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zihong Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yujie Chi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Yuan Chi
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Hemp protein isolate-polysaccharide complex coacervates and their application as emulsifiers in oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Effect of small molecular surfactants on physical, turbidimetric, and rheological properties of Pickering nanoemulsions stabilized with whey protein isolate. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Zhao Q, Hong X, Fan L, Liu Y, Li J. Freeze-thaw stability and rheological properties of high internal phase emulsions stabilized by phosphorylated perilla protein isolate: Effect of tea saponin concentration. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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