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Wei L, Wu H, Wang X, Wen L, Cui B, Cheng Y. Comprehensive review of plant-derived anti-hyperlipidemia peptides: Production, anti-hyperlipidemia mechanism, and structure-activity relationship study. Food Chem 2024; 461:140715. [PMID: 39178542 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, an elevated level of cholesterol and/or triglycerides, has become a major public health problem worldwide. Although drugs intervention is effective in treating hyperlipidemia, most of them have adverse side effects. Peptides from natural plants with high anti-hyperlipidemic activity and a strong safety profile have emerged as promising candidates to prevent and ameliorate hyperlipidemia. This review summarizes the recent advances in plant-derived anti-hyperlipidemic peptides in terms of their sources, production, purification, identification, and activity evaluation. The focus is extended to their potential anti-hyperlipidemic mechanisms and structure-function relationships. Bioactive peptides derived from various plant sources, especially peptides containing hydrophobic and/or acidic amino acids, have shown remarkable effects in hyperlipidemic treatment. Their anti-hyperlipidemic effects are mediated by various mechanisms, including regulation of cholesterol metabolism and triglyceride metabolism, inhibition of inflammation-related metabolic syndrome, and modulation of the gut microbiota. Further evaluation of the stability, bioavailability, and clinical efficacy of these peptides is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyi Wei
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China
| | - Xufeng Wang
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China
| | - Li Wen
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China
| | - Bo Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Yunhui Cheng
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China.
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2
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Li W, Li H, Song J, Xing Y, Fang L, Wang X, Wu D, Min W. Mechanism of Intestinal Epithelial Absorption and Electrophysiological Regulation of the Shrimp Peptide QMDDQ. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:326-338. [PMID: 38155399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the absorption mechanism of the shrimp peptide QMDDQ in small intestines, explored its physiological function in inhibiting neuronal hyperactivity, and verified its entry into the brain in vivo to display functional activity. The everted rat sac model and a Caco-2 paracellular absorption monolayer model were used, indicating that QMDDQ has a good absorption capacity with an apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) > 1 × 10-6 cm/s and the absorption of QMDDQ was concentration-dependent. When the concentration of QMDDQ was 1 mM and the transport time was 180 min, the highest absorption concentration of QMDDQ was 41.17 ± 3.48 μM (P < 0.05). The myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK)-specific inhibitor ML-7 and activator MPA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence results showed that QMDDQ absorption takes place by mediating the MLCK-p-MLCK-MLC signaling pathway, reversibly opening the zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin in tight junctions (TJs), upregulating claudin-2 expression, and reaching targets through blood to inhibit neuronal overactivity. Results of fluorescence imaging in vivo verified that QMDDQ could enter the brain 4 h after oral administration. The results provide a theoretical foundation for the mechanism of paracellular absorption of active peptides and a starting point for the development of functional foods for Alzheimer's disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Haoming Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Yihang Xing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun 130118, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Min
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P.R. China
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3
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Fan S, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Daglia M, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Bai J, Zhu L, Xiao X. Metabolomics reveals the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 fermentation on the lipid-lowering capacity of barley β-glucans in an in vitro model of gut-liver axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126861. [PMID: 37714241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive polysaccharides known as the biological response modifiers, can directly interact with intestinal epithelium cells (IEC) and regulate key metabolic processes such as lipid metabolism. Here, the coculture of Caco-2/HT29 monolayer (>400 Ω × cm2) and HepG2 cells was developed to mimic the gut-liver interactions. This system was used to investigate the effects of raw and fermented barley β-glucans (RBG and FBG) on lipid metabolism by directly interacting with IEC. Both RBG and FBG significantly and consistently reduced the lipid droplets and triacylglycerol levels in monoculture and coculture of HepG2 overloaded with oleic acid. Notably, FBG significantly and distinctly elevated PPARα (p < 0.05) and PPARα-responsive ACOX-1 (p < 0.01) gene expressions, promoting lipid degradation in cocultured HepG2. Moreover, the metabolomics analyses revealed that FBG had a unique impact on extracellular metabolites, among them, the differential metabolite thiomorpholine 3-carboxylate was significantly and strongly correlated with PPARα (r = -0.68, p < 0.01) and ACOX-1 (r = -0.76, p < 0.01) expression levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that FBG-mediated gut-liver interactions play a key role in its lipid-lowering effects that are superior to those of RBG. These results support the application of Lactiplantibacillus fermentation for improving hypolipidemic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Cruz-Chamorro I, Santos-Sánchez G, Bollati C, Bartolomei M, Capriotti AL, Cerrato A, Laganà A, Pedroche J, Millán F, Del Carmen Millán-Linares M, Arnoldi A, Carrillo-Vico A, Lammi C. Chemical and biological characterization of the DPP-IV inhibitory activity exerted by lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) peptides: From the bench to the bedside investigation. Food Chem 2023; 426:136458. [PMID: 37329795 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) is considered a key target for the diabetes treatment, since it is involved in glucose metabolism. Although lupin protein consumption shown hypoglycemic activity, there is no evidence of its effect on DPP-IV activity. This study demonstrates that a lupin protein hydrolysate (LPH), obtained by hydrolysis with Alcalase, exerts anti-diabetic activity by modulating DPP-IV activity. In fact, LPH decreased DPP-IV activity in a cell-free and cell-based system. Contextually, Caco-2 cells were employed to identify LPH peptides that can be intestinally trans-epithelial transported. Notably, 141 different intestinally transported LPH sequences were identified using nano- and ultra-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Hence, it was demonstrated that LPH modulated the glycemic response and the glucose concentration in mice, by inhibiting the DPP-IV. Finally, a beverage containing 1 g of LPH decreased DPP-IV activity and glucose levels in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Cruz-Chamorro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Guillermo Santos-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Carlotta Bollati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Bartolomei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerrato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Justo Pedroche
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Millán
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Millán-Linares
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra, Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Anna Arnoldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Carrillo-Vico
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Carmen Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Liu W, Liang B, Zeng J, Meng J, Shi L, Yang S, Chang J, Wang C, Hu X, Wang X, Han N, Lu C, Li J, Wang C, Li H, Zhang R, Xing D. First Discovery of Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Parthenolide as NPC1L1 Inhibitor. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196270. [PMID: 36234807 PMCID: PMC9572688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated cholesterol significantly increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The key to treating hypercholesterolemia is lowering plasma cholesterol levels. There have been no studies on the cholesterol-lowering potential of parthenolide (PTL), a naturally occurring small molecule from Tanacetum parthenium. Here, we first put forth PTL’s cholesterol-lowering ability to inhibit cellular uptake of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. Its performance was on par with the positive control drug, ezetimibe. Niemann–Pick C1 Like-1 (NPC1L1) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia. The interaction of PTL with NPC1L1 could be explained by the results of molecular docking and filipin staining further reinforces this hypothesis. Furthermore, PTL reduced the expression of NPC1L1 in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which suggests that PTL functions as a potential NPC1L1 inhibitor with therapeutic potential for hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingsen Meng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingyu Shi
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shanbo Yang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xufu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chenghui Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huanting Li
- Interventional Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (D.X.)
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (D.X.)
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Sun J, Liu X, Wang Z, Yin F, Liu H, Nakamura Y, Yu C, Zhou D. Gastrointestinal digestion and absorption characterization in vitro of zinc-chelating hydrolysate from scallop adductor (Patinopecten yessoensis). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3277-3286. [PMID: 34802153 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Zinc (Zn) is an essential catalytic element in the human health system but its absorption in the intestinal system can be strongly affected by gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. In this study, the food-derived potential Zn carrier, scallop adductor hydrolysates (SAHs), was produced and characterized. RESULTS During temporary storage at 4 °C, SAH decreased in Zn-chelating capacity in the aqueous phase, whereas the SAH-Zn complex exhibited high stability. Moreover, the secondary structure of SAH had no significant alteration. Zn morphologically altered the surface structures of SAH, which was involving in carboxyl group of SAH. Results of in vitro GI digestion suggested that the SAH-Zn maintained good stability in GI system and only proportion of high molecular weight cleaved. In addition, SAH could successfully carry and transport Zn while the fluorescence staining revealed free Zn accumulation inside the tissue. Finally, three representative absorbed peptides (around 600 Da) were identified and synthesized. Three synthetic peptides exhibit higher Zn-chelating capacity than SAH and could also successfully transported through the intestine. CONCLUSION This study provided a theoretical basis for the investigation of digestion and absorption of marine animal-derived peptides as Zn carriers. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Fawen Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chenxu Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Dayong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, China
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Bao X, Yuan X, Li X, Liu X. Flaxseed-derived peptide, IPPF, inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells and hepatic cholesterol synthesis in HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14031. [PMID: 34893975 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Flaxseed peptides reduced serum cholesterol levels in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet. However, the mechanism of this action remains unclear. Flaxseed-hydrolyzed proteins were separated through ultrafiltration. The fifth fraction (FP5 , ≤ 1 kDa) had the highest cholesterol micelle solubility inhibition rate (CMSR) of 72.39% among the other fractions. Eleven peptides were identified from FP5 . Ile-Pro-Pro-Phe (IPPF), which had the highest CMSR of 93.47%, was selected for further analyses. IPPF substantially reduced the cholesterol transported content in Caco-2 cells and the total cholesterol content in HepG2 cells. Moreover, IPPF modulated the protein levels of NCP1L1 and ABCG5/8 (cholesterol transporters) in Caco-2 cells and reduced the mRNA levels of Srebp-2 and Hmgcr (cholesterol synthesis enzymes) in HepG2 cells. IPPF inhibits cholesterol intestinal absorption by modulating the cholesterol transporters expression and reduces hepatic cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting the SREBP2-regulated mevalonate pathway. IPPF is a new food-derived cholesterol-lowering nutritional supplement. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: We isolated active peptides with cholesterol-lowering properties from flaxseed protein, a by-product of industrial oil production, which greatly improved the economic and medicinal value of flaxseed protein. According to our research, IPPF can be used as a new food-derived type of cholesterol intestinal absorption inhibitor to reduce dietary cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis inhibitor (same pharmacological mechanism as statins). IPPF provide a nutritional therapy component for hypercholesterolemia and prevent atherosclerosis. Our research provides theoretical basis for development and utilization of new nutritional supplements and plant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Bao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Yuan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xuexin Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P. R. China
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Dehiba F, Allaoui A, Benomar S, Yahia S, Guillén N, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Osada J, Boualga A. Protective properties of sardine and chickpea protein hydrolysates against lipoprotein oxidative damages and some inflammation markers in hypercholesterolemic rats. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-210548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of sardine (SPH) and chickpea protein hydrolysates (CPH) on oxidant stress and inflammatory profile in cholesterol-fed rats. METHODS: The experiment was undertaken for thirty days on 18 cholesterol-fed Wistar rats (220±10 g) divided into three groups and receiving 1 g/kg of body weight either chickpea protein hydrolysate (CPH), sardine protein hydrolysate (SPH) or casein in water (CG). RESULTS: Compared to CG, SPH and CPH treatment reduced cholesterol, hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde contents in serum, lipoproteins, erythrocytes and aorta. These same treated groups showed also lower serum isoprostane levels. However, serum paraoxonase activity and HDL-antioxidant property were improved only by CPH compared to CG. SOD activity of aorta and erythrocytes was higher in CPH but in SPH group, SOD activity was lower in these tissues and remained unchanged in serum. Furthermore, CPH and SPH stimulated glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities of aorta and erythrocytes. In CPH group, nitric oxide levels of serum, erythrocytes and aorta were increased by respectively 1.4- to 1.8-fold compared to CG and SPH. In addition, among the three groups, CPH exhibited the best anti-inflammatory effect by lowering serum C reactive protein, uric acid and albumin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: SPH and particularly CPH possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and could be useful as nutraceuticals for health improving and preventing numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Dehiba
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria
- École Supérieure en Sciences Biologiques d’Oran, 31000 Oran, Algérie
| | - Amine Allaoui
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria
- Amine Allaoui, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Université Blida1, Blida, 09000, Algeria
| | - Souhila Benomar
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Sanaa Yahia
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria
| | - Natalia Guillén
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiologa, Unidad de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ahmed Boualga
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran1, Thematic Agency of Research in Health Sciences, 31000 Oran, Algeria
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9
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Measuring the oral bioavailability of protein hydrolysates derived from food sources: A critical review of current bioassays. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112275. [PMID: 34628165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food proteins are a source of hydrolysates with potentially useful biological attributes. Bioactive peptides from food-derived proteins are released from hydrolysates using exogenous industrial processes or endogenous intestinal enzymes. Current in vitro permeability assays have limitations in predicting the oral bioavailability (BA) of bioactive peptides in humans. There are also difficulties in relating the low blood levels of food-derived bioactive peptides detected in preclinical in vivo models to pharmacodynamic read-outs relevant for humans. SCOPE AND APPROACH In this review, we describe in vitro assays of digestion, permeation, and metabolism as indirect predictors of the potential oral BA of hydrolysates and their constituent bioactive peptides. We discuss the relationship between industrial hydrolysis processes and the oral BA of hydrolysates and their peptide by-products. KEY FINDINGS Hydrolysates are challenging for analytical detection methods due to capacity for enzymatic generation of peptides with novel sequences and also new modifications of these peptides during digestion. Mass spectrometry and peptidomics can improve the capacity to detect individual peptides released from complex hydrolysates in biological milieu.
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Abstract
Legumes are an essential food source worldwide. Their high-quality proteins, complex carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and relatively low-fat content make these an important functional food. Known to possess a multitude of health benefits, legume consumption is associated with the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Legume crude protein isolates and purified peptides possess many cardiopreventive properties. Here, we review selected economically valued legumes, their taxonomy and distribution, biochemical composition, and their protein components and the mechanism(s) of action associated with cardiovascular health. Most of the legume protein studies had shown upregulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor leading to increased binding and uptake, in effect significantly reducing total lipid levels in the blood serum and liver. This is followed by decreased biosynthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. To understand the relationship of identified genes from legume studies, we performed gene network analysis, pathway, and gene ontology (GO) enrichment. Results showed that the genes were functionally interrelated while enrichment and pathway analysis revealed involvement in lipid transport, fatty acid and triglyceride metabolic processes, and regulatory processes. This review is the first attempt to collate all known mechanisms of action of legume proteins associated with cardiovascular health. This also provides a snapshot of possible targets leading to systems-level approaches to further investigate the cardiometabolic potentials of legumes.
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11
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Matemu A, Nakamura S, Katayama S. Health Benefits of Antioxidative Peptides Derived from Legume Proteins with a High Amino Acid Score. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:316. [PMID: 33672537 PMCID: PMC7923761 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes such as soybean, chickpea, lentil, cowpea, and mung bean, are valuable sources of protein with a high amino acid score and can provide bioactive peptides. This manuscript presents a review on legume-derived peptides, focusing on in vitro and in vivo studies on the potential antioxidative activities of protein hydrolysates and their characterization, amino acid sequences, or purified/novel peptides. The health implications of legume-derived antioxidative peptides in reducing the risks of cancer and cardiovascular diseases are linked with their potent action against oxidation and inflammation. The molecular weight profiles and amino acid sequences of purified and characterized legume-derived antioxidant peptides are not well established. Therefore, further exploration of legume protein hydrolysates is necessary for assessing the potential applications of antioxidant-derived peptides in the functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Matemu
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Nutritional Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania;
| | - Soichiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan;
| | - Shigeru Katayama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan;
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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12
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Singh BP, Aluko RE, Hati S, Solanki D. Bioactive peptides in the management of lifestyle-related diseases: Current trends and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4593-4606. [PMID: 33506720 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1877109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle-related diseases constitute a major concern in the twenty-first century, with millions dying worldwide each year due to chosen lifestyles and associated complications such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Although synthetic drugs have been shown to be quite effective in the treatment of these conditions, safety of these compounds remains a concern. Natural alternatives to drugs include food-derived peptides are now being explored for the prevention and treatment of lifestyle-related complications. Peptides are fragments nascent in the primary protein sequences and could impart health benefits beyond basic nutritional advantages. Evidence suggests that by controlling adipocyte differentiation and lipase activities, bioactive peptides may be able to prevent obesity. Bioactive peptides act as agents against type 2 diabetes because of their ability to inhibit enzymatic activities of DPP-IV, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Moreover, bioactive peptides can act as competitive inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme, thus eliciting an antihypertensive effect. Bioactive peptides may have a hypocholesterolemic effect by inhibiting cholesterol metabolism pathways and cholesterol synthesis. This review addresses current knowledge of the impact of food-derived bioactive peptides on lifestyle diseases. In addition, future insights on the clinical trials, allergenicity, cytotoxicity, gastrointestinal stability, and regulatory approvals have also been considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij Pal Singh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Rotimi E Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Subrota Hati
- SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Divyang Solanki
- SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
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13
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Barati M, Javanmardi F, Mousavi Jazayeri SMH, Jabbari M, Rahmani J, Barati F, Nickho H, Davoodi SH, Roshanravan N, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Techniques, perspectives, and challenges of bioactive peptide generation: A comprehensive systematic review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1488-1520. [PMID: 33337080 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the digestible refractory and absorbable structures of bioactive peptides (BPs), they could induce notable biological impacts on the living organism. In this regard, the current study was devoted to providing an overview regarding the available methods for BPs generation by the aid of a systematic review conducted on the published articles up to April 2019. In this context, the PubMed and Scopus databases were screened to retrieve the related publications. According to the results, although the characterization of BPs mainly has been performed using enzymatic and microbial in-vitro methods, they cannot be considered as suitable techniques for further stimulation of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, new approaches for both in-vivo and in-silico methods for BPs identification should be developed to overcome the obstacles that belonged to the current methods. The purpose of this review was to compile the recent analytical methods applied for studying various aspects of food-derived biopeptides, and emphasizing generation at in vitro, in vivo, and in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Barati
- Student Research Committee, Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Javanmardi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Jabbari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Barati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nickho
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic, National Institute and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Amigo L, Hernández-Ledesma B. Current Evidence on the Bioavailability of Food Bioactive Peptides. Molecules 2020; 25:E4479. [PMID: 33003506 PMCID: PMC7582556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food protein-derived bioactive peptides are recognized as valuable ingredients of functional foods and/or nutraceuticals to promote health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, although peptides have been demonstrated to exert multiple benefits by biochemical assays, cell culture, and animal models, the ability to translate the new findings into practical or commercial uses remains delayed. This fact is mainly due to the lack of correlation of in vitro findings with in vivo functions of peptides because of their low bioavailability. Once ingested, peptides need to resist the action of digestive enzymes during their transit through the gastrointestinal tract and cross the intestinal epithelial barrier to reach the target organs in an intact and active form to exert their health-promoting properties. Thus, for a better understanding of the in vivo physiological effects of food bioactive peptides, extensive research studies on their gastrointestinal stability and transport are needed. This review summarizes the most current evidence on those factors affecting the digestive and absorptive processes of food bioactive peptides, the recently designed models mimicking the gastrointestinal environment, as well as the novel strategies developed and currently applied to enhance the absorption and bioavailability of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Research in Food Sciences (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI-UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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15
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Hayakawa EH, Kato H, Nardone GA, Usukura J. A prospective mechanism and source of cholesterol uptake by Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes co-cultured with HepG2 cells. Parasitol Int 2020; 80:102179. [PMID: 32853776 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) parasites still cause lethal infections worldwide, especially in Africa (https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/world-malaria-report-2019). During P. falciparum blood-stage infections in humans, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and cholesterol levels in the blood become low. Because P. falciparum lacks a de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway, it must import cholesterol from the surrounding environment. However, the origin of the cholesterol and how it is taken up by the parasite across the multiple membranes that surround it is not fully understood. To answer this, we used a cholesterol synthesis inhibiter (simvastatin), a cholesterol transport inhibitor (ezetimibe), and an activating ligand of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, called ciprofibrate, to investigate the effects of these agents on the intraerythrocytic growth of P. falciparum, both with and without HepG2 cells as the lipoprotein feeders. P. falciparum growth was inhibited in the presence of ezetimibe, but ezetimibe was not very effective at inhibiting P. falciparum growth when used in the co-culture system, unlike simvastatin, which strongly promoted parasite growth in this system. Ezetimibe is known to inhibit cholesterol absorption by blocking the activity of Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) protein, and simvastatin is known to enhance NPC1L1 expression in the human body's small intestine. Collectively, our results support the possibility that cholesterol import by P. falciparum involves hepatocytes, and cholesterol uptake into the parasite occurs via NPC1L1 protein or an NPC1L1 homolog during the erythrocytic stages of the P. falciparum lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri H Hayakawa
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Hirotomo Kato
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Glenn A Nardone
- Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-5766, USA
| | - Jiro Usukura
- Institute of Material and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Jayathilake C, Visvanathan R, Deen A, Bangamuwage R, Jayawardana BC, Nammi S, Liyanage R. Cowpea: an overview on its nutritional facts and health benefits. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:4793-4806. [PMID: 29656381 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a legume consumed as a high-quality plant protein source in many parts of the world. High protein and carbohydrate contents with a relatively low fat content and a complementary amino acid pattern to that of cereal grains make cowpea an important nutritional food in the human diet. Cowpea has gained more attention recently from consumers and researchers worldwide as a result of its exerted health beneficial properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive properties. Among the mechanisms that have been proposed in the prevention of chronic diseases, the most proven are attributed to the presence of compounds such as soluble and insoluble dietary fiber, phytochemicals, and proteins and peptides in cowpea. However, studies on the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties of cowpea have produced conflicting results. Some studies support a protective effect of cowpea on the progression of cancer and inflammation, whereas others did not reveal any. Because there are only a few studies addressing health-related effects of cowpea consumption, further studies in this area are suggested. In addition, despite the reported favorable effects of cowpea on diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, a long-term epidemiological study investigating the association between cowpea consumption and diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer is also recommended. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathuni Jayathilake
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Rizliya Visvanathan
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Afka Deen
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruksheela Bangamuwage
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Srinivas Nammi
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM), Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruvini Liyanage
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
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