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Zhang J, Song J, Wang S, Su Y, Wang L, Ge W. The casein in sheep milk processed by cold plasma technology: Phosphorylation degree, functional properties, oxidation characteristics, and structure. Food Chem 2024; 457:140140. [PMID: 38901350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cold plasma is a nonthermal process used for modification of proteins. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cold plasma technology on the phosphorylation degree, functional and oxidation properties, and structure of casein in sheep milk. Cold plasma treatment for 3-4 min significantly increased the phosphorylation degree and enhanced functional properties, including water-holding capacity, solubility, foaming capacity and stability. Besides, plasma treatment time profoundly influenced protein oxidation, and treatment for 2 and 3 min could be the preferred conditions to minimize protein change. The protein conformation became unstable with the extension of treatment time. Particle size, polymer dispersity index, and microscopy images confirmed alterations in the protein structure following 3 min of processing. Consequently, using cold plasma treatment at 10 kHz 20 kV for 3 min could be suggested for milk protein modification, providing a basis for the application of high-quality caseins in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jiaqing Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yangyu Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Wupeng Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Liu J, Yang D, Sun X, Yang S, Zhang Y, Li Q, Deng S, Dai H, Wu X. Mass spectrum oriented metabolomics for evaluating the efficacy and discovering the mechanism of Shaofuzhuyu Decoction for endometriosis of cold coagulation and blood stasis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33806. [PMID: 39071582 PMCID: PMC11279264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Shaofuzhuyu Decoction (SFZYD) is a classical formula for treating endometriosis of cold coagulation and blood stasis (ECB). The clinical efficacy is definite, but the potential mechanisms require further exploration. The study aimed to reveal the metabolic mechanisms of SFZYD for treating ECB using mass spectrum oriented metabolomics. Firstly, the study has used metabolomics data to identify biomarkers and to investigate metabolic pathways. Then, the targets of SFZYD for treating ECB were dug by building and analyzing a biological network of biomarkers. Finally, the obtained targets were validated by molecular docking. This study found that SFZYD could significantly improve the biochemical indicators and metabolic abnormalities of ECB. A total of 18 ECB-related biomarkers in 7 pathways were identified. SFZYD was able to regulate the levels of 14 biomarkers that were involved in 5 metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the study yielded 119 SFZYD active ingredients, 1119 target proteins associated with endometriosis, 610 targets associated with biomarkers, 727 GO functions, and 159 KEGG pathways. Biological network analysis constructed a network diagram of herbs-ingredients-targets-biomarkers, and found 6 key active ingredients and 9 core targets. Molecular docking showed high affinities between key ingredients and core targets. This study elucidated that SFZYD plays a role in treating ECB through multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Dongxia Yang
- Department of Gynecology Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaolan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Saisai Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qiyao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Siyao Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuhong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Liao G, Wang T, Li X, Gu J, Jia Q, Wang Z, Li H, Qian Y, Qiu J. Comparison of the Lipid Composition of Milk Fat Globules in Goat ( Capra hircus) Milk during Different Lactations and Human Milk. Foods 2024; 13:1618. [PMID: 38890847 PMCID: PMC11171730 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Goat milk is considered the optimal substitute for human milk and is characterized by variations in the lipid composition of its fat globules across lactation phases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to thoroughly analyze the differences between goat milk during different lactations and human milk, aiming to offer scientific guidance for the production of functional dairy products. Compared with transitional and mature milk, the findings indicated that the total membrane protein content in goat colostrum exhibited greater similarity to that found in human milk. Additionally, goat milk exhibited higher milk fat globule size, as well as a higher total lipid and protein content than human milk. A total of 1461 lipid molecules across 61 subclasses were identified in goat milk and human milk. The contents of glycerides and glycerophospholipids were higher in goat colostrum, whereas sphingolipids and fatty acids were more abundant in human milk. Meanwhile, the compositions of lipid subclasses were inconsistent. There were 584 differentially expressed lipids identified between human and goat milk, including 47 subclasses that were primarily involved in the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and triglycerides. In summary, for both the membrane protein and the lipid composition, there were differences between the milk of different goat lactations and human milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Tiancai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Xiabing Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Jingyi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Qi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Zishuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Houru Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Jing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; (G.L.); (T.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (Q.J.); (Z.W.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
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He J, Si R, Wang Y, Ji R, Ming L. Lipidomic and proteomic profiling identifies the milk fat globule membrane composition of milk from cows and camels. Food Res Int 2024; 179:113816. [PMID: 38342514 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to detect lipidomic and proteomic differences in the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) fractions of cow and camel milk samples. In total, 353 lipid species were detected in these analyses, including 77 PEs, 30 PCs, 28 PIs, 59 SMs, 54 Cers, 13 LPCs, 14 LPEs, 20 PSs, and 4 PGs. These included 54 polar lipid species that differed significantly in abundance between cow and camel milk. Glycerophospholipid metabolism was identified as a core metabolic pathway associated with camel milk composition. Furthermore, 547 proteins exhibiting differential abundance were identified by a label-free proteomics methodology when comparing samples of MFGMfrom camels and cows. Of these proteins, those that differed most in expression between these groups were associated with metabolic pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum activity, endocytosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling. In conclusion, our findings provide a more thorough understanding of the composition of MFGM and its physiological significance, hence offering robust evidence for the potential utilization of camel milk as a nutritional resource in future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China; China- Mongolia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biopolymer Applications, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Rendalai Si
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China; China- Mongolia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biopolymer Applications, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Yulin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China; China- Mongolia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biopolymer Applications, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Rimutu Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China; China- Mongolia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biopolymer Applications, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Liang Ming
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China; China- Mongolia Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Biopolymer Applications, Hohhot 010018, China.
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Flis Z, Szatkowski P, Pielichowska K, Molik E. The Potential of Sheep or Camel Milk Constituents to Contribute to Novel Dressings for Diabetic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17551. [PMID: 38139380 PMCID: PMC10744295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is a complication of diabetes, which constitutes a serious problem in clinical practice. Currently, there is a high demand on the market for local treatment options for difficult-to-heal wounds caused by diabetes. The development of dressings that accelerate wound healing has recently been the subject of much research. Sheep and camel milk is gaining importance due to the content of many bioactive substances with health-promoting effects, such as insulin, LF, proline, or CLA. Sheep and camel milk proteins are a promising source of insulin, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive peptides. Numerous studies show that local administration of insulin has a significant impact on the healing of diabetic wounds. Sheep and camel milk, due to the highest LF content among ruminants, reduces autoimmune inflammatory processes and protects against bacterial and viral infections in the wound environment. Sheep's milk has the highest content of proline and CLA, and their addition to a hydrogel dressing can help in the development of an effective dressing material. The production of hydrogel dressings containing sheep and camel milk, which are naturally rich in the bioactive substances presented in this review, may be a promising step in the market of specialized dressings for difficult-to-heal diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Flis
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Szatkowski
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland (K.P.)
| | - Kinga Pielichowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland (K.P.)
| | - Edyta Molik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 31-059 Krakow, Poland
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