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Wang P, Cai Y, Zhong H, Chen R, Yi Y, Ye Y, Li L. Expression and Characterization of an Efficient Alginate Lyase from Psychromonas sp. SP041 through Metagenomics Analysis of Rotten Kelp. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:598. [PMID: 38790228 PMCID: PMC11121350 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alginate is derived from brown algae, which can be cultivated in large quantities. It can be broken down by alginate lyase into alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs), which exhibit a higher added value and better bioactivity than alginate. In this study, metagenomic technology was used to screen for genes that code for high-efficiency alginate lyases. The candidate alginate lyase gene alg169 was detected from Psychromonas sp. SP041, the most abundant species among alginate lyase bacteria on selected rotten kelps. The alginate lyase Alg169 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), Ni-IDA-purified, and characterized. The optimum temperature and pH of Alg169 were 25 °C and 7.0, respectively. Metal ions including Mn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, and Ba2+ led to significantly increased enzyme activity. Alg169 exhibited a pronounced dependence on Na+, and upon treatment with Mn2+, its activity surged by 687.57%, resulting in the highest observed enzyme activity of 117,081 U/mg. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that Alg169 would be a double-domain lyase with a molecular weight of 65.58 kDa. It is a bifunctional enzyme with substrate specificity to polyguluronic acid (polyG) and polymannuronic acid (polyM). These results suggest that Alg169 is a promising candidate for the efficient manufacturing of AOSs from brown seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266112, China;
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Yi Cai
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Hua Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Ruiting Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Yuetao Yi
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Yanrui Ye
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Lili Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
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2
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Du Y, Zhao H, Feng N, Zheng D, Khan A, Zhou H, Deng P, Wang Y, Lu X, Jiang W. Alginate Oligosaccharides Alleviate Salt Stress in Rice Seedlings by Regulating Cell Wall Metabolism to Maintain Cell Wall Structure and Improve Lodging Resistance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1215. [PMID: 38732430 PMCID: PMC11085217 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that damage the structure and composition of cell walls. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) have been advocated to significantly improve plant stress tolerance. The metabolic mechanism by which AOS induces salt tolerance in rice cell walls remains unclear. Here, we report the impact of AOS foliar application on the cell wall composition of rice seedlings using the salt-tolerant rice variety FL478 and the salt-sensitive variety IR29. Data revealed that salt stress decreased biomass, stem basal width, stem breaking strength, and lodging resistance; however, it increased cell wall thickness. In leaves, exogenous AOS up-regulated the expression level of OSCESA8, increased abscisic acid (ABA) and brassinosteroids (BR) content, and increased β-galacturonic activity, polygalacturonase activity, xylanase activity, laccase activity, biomass, and cellulose content. Moreover, AOS down-regulated the expression levels of OSMYB46 and OSIRX10 and decreased cell wall hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin content to maintain cell wall stability under salt stress. In stems, AOS increased phenylalamine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase activities, while decreasing cellulase, laccase, and β-glucanase activities. Furthermore, AOS improved the biomass and stem basal width and also enhanced the cellulose, pectin, and lignin content of the stem, As a result, increased resistance to stem breakage strength and alleviated salt stress-induced damage, thus enhancing the lodging resistance. Under salt stress, AOS regulates phytohormones and modifies cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin metabolism to maintain cell wall structure and improve stem resistance to lodging. This study aims to alleviate salt stress damage to rice cell walls, enhance resistance to lodging, and improve salt tolerance in rice by exogenous application of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Du
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Aaqil Khan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Peng Deng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yaxing Wang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xutong Lu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Wang Y, Guo X, Huang C, Shi C, Xiang X. Biomedical potency and mechanisms of marine polysaccharides and oligosaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131007. [PMID: 38508566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Derived from bountiful marine organisms (predominantly algae, fauna, and microorganisms), marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides are intricate macromolecules that play a significant role in the growth and development of marine life. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides as auspicious natural products due to their promising biological attributes. Herein, we provide an overview of recent advances in the miscellaneous biological activities of marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides that encompasses their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-diabetes mellitus, and anticoagulant properties. Furthermore, we furnish a concise summary of the underlying mechanisms governing the behavior of these biological macromolecules. We hope that this review inspires research on marine polysaccharides and marine oligosaccharides in medicinal applications while offering fresh perspectives on their broader facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xueying Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Chunxiao Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Chuanqin Shi
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, China.
| | - Xinxin Xiang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, China.
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Ning L, Zhu B, Yao Z. Separation, purification and structural characterization of marine oligosaccharides: A comprehensive and systematic review of chromatographic methods. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464755. [PMID: 38394786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Marine oligosaccharides have now been applied in a wide range of industry due to various kinds of physiological activities. However, the oligosaccharides with different polymeric degrees (Dps) differed in physiological activities and applicable fields. So it is promising and essential to separate, purify and structurally characterize these oligosaccharides for understanding their structure-function relationship. This review will summarize the lasted developments in the separation, purification and structural characterization of marine oligosaccharides, including the alginate oligosaccharides, carrageenan oligosaccharides, agar oligosaccharides, chitin oligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides, emphasizing the successful examples of methods for separation and purification. Furthermore, an outlook for preparation of functional oligosaccharides in food biotechnology and agriculture fields is also included. This comprehensive review could definitely promote the utilization of marine functional polysaccharides for food and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Ning
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Du M, Li X, Qi W, Li Y, Wang L. Identification and characterization of a critical loop for the high activity of alginate lyase VaAly2 from the PL7_5 subfamily. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1333597. [PMID: 38282736 PMCID: PMC10811132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1333597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the major component in the cell wall of brown algae, alginates are degradable by alginate lyases via β-elimination. Alginate lyases can be categorized into various polysaccharide lyase (PL) families, and PL7 family alginate lyases are the largest group and can be divided into six subfamilies. However, the major difference among different PL7 subfamilies is not fully understood. In this work, a marine alginate lyase, VaAly2, from Vibrio alginolyticus ATCC 17749 belonging to the PL7_5 subfamily was identified and characterized. It displayed comparatively high alginolytic activities toward different alginate substrates and functions as a bifunctional lyase. Molecular docking and biochemical analysis suggested that VaAly2 not only contains a key catalyzing motif (HQY) conserved in the PL7 family but also exhibits some specific characters limited in the PL7_5 subfamily members, such as the key residues and a long loop1 structure around the active center. Our work provides insight into a loop structure around the center site which plays an important role in the activity and substrate binding of alginate lyases belonging to the PL7_5 subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muxuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weipeng Qi
- Foshan Haitian (Gaoming) Flavoring & Food Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lushan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Liang Q, Huang Y, Liu Z, Xiao M, Ren X, Liu T, Li H, Yu D, Wang Y, Zhu C. A Recombinant Alginate Lyase Algt1 with Potential in Preparing Alginate Oligosaccharides at High-Concentration Substrate. Foods 2023; 12:4039. [PMID: 37959158 PMCID: PMC10649253 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyase has been demonstrated as an efficient tool in the preparation of functional oligosaccharides (AOS) from alginate. The high viscosity resulting from the high concentration of alginate poses a limiting factor affecting enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly in the preparation of the fragments with low degrees of polymerization (DP). Herein, a PL7 family alginate lyase Algt from Microbulbifer thermotolerans DSM 19189 was developed and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant alginate lyase Algt1 was constructed by adopting the structural domain truncation strategy, and the enzymatic activity towards the alginate was improved from 53.9 U/mg to 212.86 U/mg compared to Algt. Algt1 was stable when incubated at 40 °C for 90 min, remaining with approximately 80.9% of initial activity. The analyses of thin-layer chromatography (TLC), fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) demonstrated that the DP of the minimum identifiable substrate of Algt1 was five, and the main hydrolysis products were AOS with DP 1-4. Additionally, 1-L the enzymatic hydrolysis system demonstrated that Algt1 exhibited an effective degradation at alginate concentrations of up to 20%, with the resulting products of monosaccharides (14.02%), disaccharides (21.10%), trisaccharides (37.08%), and tetrasaccharides (27.80%). These superior properties of Algt1 make it possible to efficiently generate functional AOS with low DP in industrial processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (M.X.); (X.R.)
| | - Youtao Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (M.X.); (X.R.)
| | - Zhemin Liu
- Fundamental Science R&D Center of Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China;
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (M.X.); (X.R.)
| | - Xinmiao Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (M.X.); (X.R.)
| | - Tianhong Liu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.L.); (H.L.)
- Municipal Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Biological Quality Evaluation and Application, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.L.); (H.L.)
- Municipal Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Biological Quality Evaluation and Application, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Dongxing Yu
- SOHAO FD-TECH Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266700, China;
| | - Ying Wang
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (T.L.); (H.L.)
- Municipal Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Biological Quality Evaluation and Application, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (Q.L.); (Y.H.); (M.X.); (X.R.)
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Du YW, Liu L, Feng NJ, Zheng DF, Liu ML, Zhou H, Deng P, Wang YX, Zhao HM. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of alginate oligosaccharides alleviating salt stress in rice seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:455. [PMID: 37770835 PMCID: PMC10540332 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salt stress is one of the key factors limiting rice production. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) enhance plant stress resistance. However, the molecular mechanism underlying salt tolerance in rice induced by AOS remains unclear. FL478, which is a salt-tolerant indica recombinant inbred line and IR29, a salt-sensitive rice cultivar, were used to comprehensively analyze the effects of AOS sprayed on leaves in terms of transcriptomic and metabolite profiles of rice seedlings under salt stress. RESULTS In this experiment, exogenous application of AOS increased SOD, CAT and APX activities, as well as GSH and ASA levels to reduce the damage to leaf membrane, increased rice stem diameter, the number of root tips, aboveground and subterranean biomass, and improved rice salt tolerance. Comparative transcriptomic analyses showed that the regulation of AOS combined with salt treatment induced the differential expression of 305 and 1030 genes in FL478 and IR29. The expressed genes enriched in KEGG pathway analysis were associated with antioxidant levels, photosynthesis, cell wall synthesis, and signal transduction. The genes associated with light-trapping proteins and RLCK receptor cytoplasmic kinases, including CBA, LHCB, and Lhcp genes, were fregulated in response to salt stress. Treatment with AOS combined with salt induced the differential expression of 22 and 50 metabolites in FL478 and IR29. These metabolites were mainly related to the metabolism of amino and nucleotide sugars, tryptophan, histidine, and β -alanine. The abundance of metabolites associated with antioxidant activity, such as 6-hydroxymelatonin, wedelolactone and L-histidine increased significantly. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that dehydroascorbic acid in the glutathione and ascorbic acid cycles plays a vital role in salt tolerance mediated by AOS. CONCLUSION AOS activate signal transduction, regulate photosynthesis, cell wall formation, and multiple antioxidant pathways in response to salt stress. This study provides a molecular basis for the alleviation of salt stress-induced damage by AOS in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Wei Du
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Nai-Jie Feng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
| | - Dian-Feng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
| | - Mei-Ling Liu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Peng Deng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhao
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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