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Juárez ID, Kurouski D. Near-infrared excitation Raman spectroscopy of colored fabric contaminated with body fluids. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19080. [PMID: 39154052 PMCID: PMC11330518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Confirmatory identification of dyes in the physical pieces of evidence, such as hair and fabric, is critically important in forensics. This information can be used to demonstrate the link between a person of interest and a crime scene. High performance liquid chromatography is broadly used for dye analysis. However, this technique is destructive and laborious. This problem can be overcome by near-Infrared excitation Raman spectroscopy (NIeRS), non-invasive and non-destructive technique that can be used to determine chemical structure of highly fluorescent dyes. Analyzed fabric materials often possess body fluid stains, which may obscure the accuracy of NIeRS-based identification of dyes. In this study, we investigate the extent to which fabric contamination with body fluids can alter the accuracy of NIeRS. Our results showed that NIeRS coupled with partial-least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) enabled on average 97.6% accurate identification of dyes on fabric contaminated with dry blood, urine and semen. We also found that NIeRS could be used to identify blood, urine and semen on such fabric with 99.4% accuracy. Furthermore, NIeRS could be used to differentiate between wet and dry blood, as well as reveal the presence of blood on washed fabric. These results indicate that NIeRS coupled with PLS-DA could be used as a robust and reliable analytical approach in forensic analysis of fabric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac D Juárez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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2
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Bober S, Kurouski D. Near-infrared excitation Raman analysis of Underlying colorants on redyed fabric. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1069-1073. [PMID: 38275282 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02252h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Forensic analysis of fabric is often critically important to establish a relationship between a suspect and a crime scene or demonstrate the absence of such connections. Most of commercially available fabric is colored with primarily organic colorants. These dye substances are highly fluorescent, which limits the use to conventional Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of the colorant content of fabric. At the same time, elucidation of the chemical composition of dyes in fabrics can be used to advance the importance of this physical piece of evidence for forensic research. Our recent findings showed that near-infrared excitation Raman spectroscopy (NIeRS) could be used to overcome this limitation. However, it remains unclear to what extent NIeRS could be used to identify the presence of several different colorants on fabric, as well as utilize for the analysis of dyes on fabric contaminated with paints. In this study, we utilized a hand-held NIeRS instrument to ex-amine re-colored cotton fabric and cotton fabric with household paints applied on it. Our results indicate that NIeRS coupled with chemometrics highly accurately identify the presence of several colorants on cotton. We also found that the presence of paint fully obscures the ability of NIeRS to extract the information about the dye content of the fabric. These results expand our understanding of the use of NIeRS in the forensic analysis of colored fabric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Bober
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
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3
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Peterson M, Kurouski D. Non-Destructive Identification of Dyes on Fabric Using Near-Infrared Raman Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:7864. [PMID: 38067594 PMCID: PMC10708237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fabric is a commonly found piece of physical evidence at most crime scenes. Forensic analysis of fabric is typically performed via microscopic examination. This subjective approach is primarily based on pattern recognition and, therefore, is often inconclusive. Most of the fabric material found at crime scenes is colored. One may expect that a confirmatory identification of dyes can be used to enhance the reliability of the forensic analysis of fabric. In this study, we investigated the potential of near-infrared Raman spectroscopy (NIRS) in the confirmatory, non-invasive, and non-destructive identification of 15 different dyes on cotton. We found that NIRS was able to resolve the vibrational fingerprints of all 15 colorants. Using partial-squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), we showed that NIRS enabled ~100% accurate identification of dyes based on their vibrational signatures. These findings open a new avenue for the robust and reliable forensic analysis of dyes on fabric directly at crime scenes. Main conclusion: a hand-held Raman spectrometer and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) approaches enable highly accurate identification of dyes on fabric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzi Peterson
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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4
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Chauhan S, Sharma S. Applications of Raman spectroscopy in the analysis of biological evidence. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023:10.1007/s12024-023-00660-z. [PMID: 37878163 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
During the past few decades, Raman spectroscopy has progressed and captivated added attention in the field of science. However, the application of Raman spectroscopy is not limited to the field of forensic science and analytical chemistry; it is one of the emerging spectroscopic techniques, utilized in the field of forensic science which in turn could be a supporting tool in the law and justice system. The advantage of Raman spectroscopy over the other conventional techniques is that it is rapid, reliable, and non-destructive in nature with minimal or no sample preparation. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of evidence from biological and non-biological origins could easily be performed by using Raman spectroscopy. The forensic domain is highly complex with multidisciplinary branches, and therefore a plethora of techniques are utilized for the detection, identification, and differentiation of innumerable pieces of evidence for the purpose of law and justice. Herein, a systematic review is carried out on the application of Raman spectroscopy in the realm of forensic biology and serology considering its usefulness in practical perspectives. This review paper highlights the significance of modern techniques, including micro-Raman spectroscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and paper-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, in the field of Raman spectroscopy. These techniques have demonstrated notable advancements in terms of their applications and capabilities. Furthermore, to comprehensively capture the progress in the development of Raman spectroscopy, all the published papers which could be retrieved from the available databases from the year 2007 to 2022 were incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Chauhan
- LNJN NICFS, School of Forensic Sciences, National Forensic Science University, An Institute of National Importance, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India, Delhi Campus, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Sweety Sharma
- LNJN NICFS, School of Forensic Sciences, National Forensic Science University, An Institute of National Importance, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India, Delhi Campus, Delhi, 110085, India.
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5
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Ding ZW, Wu HL, Wang T, Wang XZ, Yu RQ. Anti-interference and non-destructive identification of textile fabrics using front-face excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy combined with multi-way chemometrics. Talanta 2023; 265:124866. [PMID: 37418956 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The identification of trace textile fabrics discovered at crime scenes plays a crucial role in the case of forensic investigations. Additionally, in practical situations, fabrics may be contaminated, making identification more challenging. To address the aforementioned issue and promote the application of fabrics identification in forensic analysis, front-face excitation-emission matrix (FF-EEM) fluorescence spectra coupled with multi-way chemometric methods were proposed for the interference-free and non-destructive identification of textile fabrics. Common commercial dyes in the same color range under different materials (cotton, acrylic, and polyester) that cannot be visually distinguished were investigated, and several binary classification models for the identification of dye were established using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The identification of dyed fabrics in the presence of fluorescent interference was also taken into consideration. In each kind of pattern recognition model mentioned above, the classification accuracy (ACC) of the prediction set was 100%. The alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) algorithm was executed to separate mathematically and remove the interference, and the classification model based on the reconstructed spectra attained an accuracy of 100%. These findings indicate that FF-EEM technology combined with multi-way chemometric methods has broad prospects for forensic trace textile fabric identification, especially in the presence of interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hai-Long Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xiao-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ru-Qin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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6
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Mohammadi M, Montazer M, Askarizadeh E, Bashiri Rezaie A, Mahmoudi Rad M. Fabricating Antibacterial Polyethylene Terephthalate Substrates Through an Industrial Approach by Applying Emulsions of Copper-Based Nanoparticles. FIBERS AND POLYMERS 2023; 24:985-1001. [PMCID: PMC9979128 DOI: 10.1007/s12221-023-00047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
In this research, various emulsions of copper-based nanoparticles were synthesized through the chemical reduction method followed by utilizing the pad–dry–cure technique as an industrial approach to manufacturing bactericidal polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. Copper sulfate/copper acetate, sodium hypophosphite (SHP)/ascorbic acid, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were employed as salts, reducing agents, and stabilizers, respectively. Also, a spin finish oil was used for forming an emulsion. The effects of type and amount of copper salt and reductant as well as the use of resin and stabilizer were investigated concerning antibacterial activities, weight, and color changes of coated samples to find optimum formulation. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images, mapping/energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–visible spectrophotometer was proved successful in synthesis and loading of copper-based emulsions on the PET substrates. The results revealed that change of copper salt, substituting SHP with ascorbic acid, the addition of resin, and the use of surfactant yielded negligible effect, enhancing impact, reducing the influence, and improving efficacy on bactericidal characteristics of the treated samples, respectively. Based on findings, the samples coated by emulsion containing only copper sulfate/SHP and emulsion including only copper acetate were considered optimum samples indicating 100% bactericidal properties against both S. aureus and E. coli pathogenic bacteria. Despite showing bactericidal activities, it was further found that the treated samples exhibited cell toxicity toward human skin cells implying their applications in indirect contact usages. Coated samples further indicated a good washing fastness even after 20 washing cycles. This route can be considered as a facile industrially applicable method for imparting bactericidal properties to polymeric substrates. Furthermore, such emulsions can potentially be consumed as an antibacterial spin finish oil in melt-spinning to develop antibacterial textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mohammadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1913674711 Iran
| | - Majid Montazer
- Department of Textile Engineering, Functional Fibrous Structures and Environmental Enhancement (FFSEE), Amirkabir Nanotechnology Research Institute (ANTRI), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413 Iran
| | - Elham Askarizadeh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1913674711 Iran
| | - Ali Bashiri Rezaie
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad
- Skin Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1989934148 Iran
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7
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Long time stability of 35 small endogenous biomolecules in dried urine spotted on various surfaces and environmental conditions. Forensic Sci Int 2022; 339:111420. [PMID: 35985138 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of endogenous biomolecules is an important aspect of many forensic investigations especially with focus on DNA analysis for perpetrator/victim identification and protein analysis for body fluid identification. Recently, small endogenous biomolecules have been used for differentiation of synthetic "fake" urine from authentic urine and might be also useful for biofluid identification. Therefore, the aim of this study was to adapt and optimize a method for analysis of small EBs and to investigate long time stability of 35 small endogenous biomolecules (including acylcarnitines with their isomers and metabolites as well as amino acids with their metabolites) in spotted urine samples. Urine samples were spotted on seven different surfaces (Whatman 903 Protein Saver Cards, cotton swabs, cotton glove, denim, underwear, and smooth and rough flagstone) and stored under six environmental conditions (reference condition, sunlight, LED light, 4 °C, 37 °C, humidity of 95%). At certain time points (d0, d7, d28 and d56) samples were analyzed in triplicates by an optimized extraction and LC-HRMS approach. In addition, the urine marker Tamm-Horsfall-Protein was determined on cotton swabs at the same time points using a commercial lateral flow test. Twenty-one of 35 small endogenous biomolecules were stable on most materials/surfaces and under most storage conditions. Significant lower endogenous biomolecule peak areas were found for rough flagstone and underwear as well as for high humidity storage. Kynurenic acid proved to be photo labile. While high long time stabilities were found for 19 of 28 acylcarnitines, nine acylcarnitines showed aberrant stability patterns without evident structural reason. For Tamm-Horsfall-Protein degradation within 28 days was observed even under reference conditions. The presented study demonstrated the value of sensitive LC-HRMS analysis for small endogenous biomolecules / pattern. However, further studies will be indispensable for unambiguous body fluid identification by small endogenous biomolecules.
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8
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Raman Spectroscopy for the Determination of Forensically Important Bio-fluids. Forensic Sci Int 2022; 340:111441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Teoh SL, Das S. MicroRNAs in Various Body Fluids and its importance in Forensic Medicine. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2332-2343. [PMID: 35240957 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220303141558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression. miRNAs have tissue-specific expression and are also present in various extracellular body fluids, including blood, tears, semen, vaginal fluid and urine. Additionally, expression of miRNAs in body fluids is linked to various pathological diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Examination of body fluids is important in forensic medicine as they serve as a valuable form of evidence. Due to its stability, miRNA offers an advantage for body fluid identification, which can be detected even after several months or from compromised samples. Identification of unique miRNA profiles for different body fluids enable the identification of these body fluid. Furthermore, miRNAs profiling can be used to estimate post-mortem interval. Various biochemical and molecular methods have been used for identification of miRNAs have shown promising results. We discuss different miRNAs as specific biomarkers and their clinical importance regarding different pathological conditions, as well as their medico-legal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman
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10
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Yuen JG, Marshilok AC, Benziger PT, Yan S, Cello J, Stackhouse CA, Kisslinger K, Bock DC, Takeuchi ES, Takeuchi KJ, Wang L, Babu S, Itzkowitz G, Thanassi D, Knopf DA, Shroyer KR. Dry heat sterilization as a method to recycle N95 respirator masks: The importance of fit. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0257963. [PMID: 34986162 PMCID: PMC8730429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In times of crisis, including the current COVID-19 pandemic, the supply chain of filtering facepiece respirators, such as N95 respirators, are disrupted. To combat shortages of N95 respirators, many institutions were forced to decontaminate and reuse respirators. While several reports have evaluated the impact on filtration as a measurement of preservation of respirator function after decontamination, the equally important fact of maintaining proper fit to the users' face has been understudied. In the current study, we demonstrate the complete inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and preservation of fit test performance of N95 respirators following treatment with dry heat. We apply scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements to analyze filter material changes as a consequence of different decontamination treatments. We further compared the integrity of the respirator after autoclaving versus dry heat treatment via quantitative fit testing and found that autoclaving, but not dry heat, causes the fit of the respirator onto the users face to fail, thereby rendering the decontaminated respirator unusable. Our findings highlight the importance to account for both efficacy of disinfection and mask fit when reprocessing respirators to for clinical redeployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G. Yuen
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Amy C. Marshilok
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter Todd Benziger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Shan Yan
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeronimo Cello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Chavis A. Stackhouse
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
| | - David C. Bock
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Esther S. Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth J. Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Lei Wang
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Sruthi Babu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Glen Itzkowitz
- Office of the Dean, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - David Thanassi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Knopf
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth R. Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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11
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Takamura A, Ozawa T. Recent advances of vibrational spectroscopy and chemometrics for forensic biological analysis. Analyst 2021; 146:7431-7449. [PMID: 34813634 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01637g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biological materials found at a crime scene are crucially important evidence for forensic investigation because they provide contextual information about a crime and can be linked to the donor-individuals through combination with DNA analysis. Applications of vibrational spectroscopy to forensic biological analysis have been emerging because of its advantageous characteristics such as the non-destructivity, rapid measurement, and quantitative evaluation, compared to most current methods based on histological observation or biochemical techniques. This review presents an overview of recent developments in vibrational spectroscopy for forensic biological analysis. We also emphasize chemometric techniques, which can elicit reliable and advanced analytical outputs from highly complex spectral data from forensic biological materials. The analytical subjects addressed herein include body fluids, hair, soft tissue, bones, and bioagents. Promising applications for various analytical purposes in forensic biology are presented. Simultaneously, future avenues of study requiring further investigation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayari Takamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. .,RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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12
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Yan S, Stackhouse CA, Waluyo I, Hunt A, Kisslinger K, Head AR, Bock DC, Takeuchi ES, Takeuchi KJ, Wang L, Marschilok AC. Reusing Face Covering Masks: Probing the Impact of Heat Treatment. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:13545-13558. [PMID: 35855909 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04530/suppl_file/sc1c04530_si_001.pdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in imminent shortages of personal protective equipment such as face masks. To address the shortage, new sterilization or decontamination procedures for masks are quickly being developed and employed. Dry heat and steam sterilization processes are easily scalable and allow treatment of large sample sizes, thus potentially presenting fast and efficient decontamination routes, which could significantly ease the rapidly increasing need for protective masks globally during a pandemic like COVID-19. In this study, a suite of structural and chemical characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman were utilized to probe the heat treatment impact on commercially available 3M 8210 N95 Particulate Respirator and VWR Advanced Protection surgical mask. Unique to this study is the use of the synchrotron-based In situ and Operando Soft X-ray Spectroscopy (IOS) beamline (23-ID-2) housed at the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory for near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yan
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Chavis A Stackhouse
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Iradwikanari Waluyo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Adrian Hunt
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Ashley R Head
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - David C Bock
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Esther S Takeuchi
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kenneth J Takeuchi
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Amy C Marschilok
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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13
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Yan S, Stackhouse CA, Waluyo I, Hunt A, Kisslinger K, Head AR, Bock DC, Takeuchi ES, Takeuchi KJ, Wang L, Marschilok AC. Reusing Face Covering Masks: Probing the Impact of Heat Treatment. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:13545-13558. [PMID: 35855909 PMCID: PMC9284677 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in imminent shortages of personal protective equipment such as face masks. To address the shortage, new sterilization or decontamination procedures for masks are quickly being developed and employed. Dry heat and steam sterilization processes are easily scalable and allow treatment of large sample sizes, thus potentially presenting fast and efficient decontamination routes, which could significantly ease the rapidly increasing need for protective masks globally during a pandemic like COVID-19. In this study, a suite of structural and chemical characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman were utilized to probe the heat treatment impact on commercially available 3M 8210 N95 Particulate Respirator and VWR Advanced Protection surgical mask. Unique to this study is the use of the synchrotron-based In situ and Operando Soft X-ray Spectroscopy (IOS) beamline (23-ID-2) housed at the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory for near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yan
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Chavis A. Stackhouse
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Iradwikanari Waluyo
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Adrian Hunt
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Ashley R. Head
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - David C. Bock
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Esther S. Takeuchi
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Takeuchi
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Amy C. Marschilok
- Institute
for Electrochemically Stored Energy, Stony
Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Science Department, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
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14
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Dou T, Sanchez L, Irigoyen S, Goff N, Niraula P, Mandadi K, Kurouski D. Biochemical Origin of Raman-Based Diagnostics of Huanglongbing in Grapefruit Trees. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:680991. [PMID: 34489991 PMCID: PMC8417418 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.680991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses cause substantial changes in plant biochemistry. These changes are typically revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectroscopy-coupled HPLC (HPLC-MS). This information can be used to determine underlying molecular mechanisms of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. A growing body of evidence suggests that changes in plant biochemistry can be probed by Raman spectroscopy, an emerging analytical technique that is based on inelastic light scattering. Non-invasive and non-destructive detection and identification of these changes allow for the use of Raman spectroscopy for confirmatory diagnostics of plant biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we couple HPLC and HPLC-MS findings on biochemical changes caused by Candidatus Liberibacter spp. (Ca. L. asiaticus) in citrus trees to the spectroscopic signatures of plant leaves derived by Raman spectroscopy. Our results show that Ca. L. asiaticus cause an increase in hydroxycinnamates, the precursors of lignins, and flavones, as well as a decrease in the concentration of lutein that are detected by Raman spectroscopy. These findings suggest that Ca. L. asiaticus induce a strong plant defense response that aims to exterminate bacteria present in the plant phloem. This work also suggests that Raman spectroscopy can be used to resolve stress-induced changes in plant biochemistry on the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysicsw, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lee Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysicsw, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sonia Irigoyen
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Weslaco, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas Goff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Prakash Niraula
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Weslaco, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Kranthi Mandadi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Weslaco, Weslaco, TX, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysicsw, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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15
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Singh V, Dou T, Krimmer M, Singh S, Humpal D, Payne WZ, Sanchez L, Voronine DV, Prosvirin A, Scully M, Kurouski D, Bagavathiannan M. Raman Spectroscopy Can Distinguish Glyphosate-Susceptible and -Resistant Palmer Amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:657963. [PMID: 34149756 PMCID: PMC8212978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The non-judicious use of herbicides has led to a widespread evolution of herbicide resistance in various weed species including Palmer amaranth, one of the most aggressive and troublesome weeds in the United States. Early detection of herbicide resistance in weed populations may help growers devise alternative management strategies before resistance spreads throughout the field. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was utilized as a rapid, non-destructive diagnostic tool to distinguish between three different glyphosate-resistant and four -susceptible Palmer amaranth populations. The glyphosate-resistant populations used in this study were 11-, 32-, and 36-fold more resistant compared to the susceptible standard. The 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene copy number for these resistant populations ranged from 86 to 116. We found that Raman spectroscopy could be used to differentiate herbicide-treated and non-treated susceptible populations based on changes in the intensity of vibrational bands at 1156, 1186, and 1525 cm-1 that originate from carotenoids. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model indicated that within 1 day of glyphosate treatment (D1), the average accuracy of detecting herbicide-treated and non-treated susceptible populations was 90 and 73.3%, respectively. We also found that glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible populations of Palmer amaranth can be easily detected with an accuracy of 84.7 and 71.9%, respectively, as early as D1. There were relative differences in the concentration of carotenoids in plants with different resistance levels, but these changes were not significant. The results of the study illustrate the utility of Raman spectra for evaluation of herbicide resistance and stress response in plants under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Singh
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Tianyi Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Mark Krimmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shilpa Singh
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dillon Humpal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - William Z. Payne
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lee Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitri V. Voronine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Andrey Prosvirin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Marlan Scully
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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16
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Contreras F, Ermolenkov A, Kurouski D. Infrared analysis of hair dyeing and bleaching history. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3741-3747. [PMID: 32729856 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01068e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forensic examination of hair is commonly performed to trace its origin and make a connection between a suspect and a crime scene. Such examination is based on subjective microscopic analysis of hair. During the last decade, several spectroscopic approaches have been proposed to make forensic analysis of hair more robust and reliable. Surface-enhanced Raman and attenuated total internal reflection infrared spectroscopies allowed for detection and identification of dyes directly on hair and even differentiation between commercial brands of those colorants. However, these is a question that remains unanswered: can artificial dyes be detected on bleached hair or bleaching can be used to fully erase information about hair coloring? In this study, we report experimental results that provide a clear answer to this question. We show that infrared analysis can be used to differentiate between undyed bleached hair and hair that was colored with both permanent and semi-permanent dyes prior to bleaching. We also show that IR analysis can be used to distinguish between undyed unbleached and undyed bleached hair. We demonstrate that in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, IR analysis can be used to distinguish with 96-100% accuracy between those hair classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Contreras
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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17
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18
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Sanchez L, Filter C, Baltensperger D, Kurouski D. Confirmatory non-invasive and non-destructive differentiation between hemp and cannabis using a hand-held Raman spectrometer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3212-3216. [PMID: 35497720 PMCID: PMC9048763 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08225e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis is a generic term that is used to denote hemp plants (Cannabis sativa) that produce delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) in amounts higher than industrial hemp. While THCA itself is not considered psychoactive, it is the source of the psychoactive delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that forms from its oxidation. About 147 million people, which is around 2.5% of the world population, consume cannabis. This makes cannabis by far the most widely cultivated and trafficked illicit drug in the world. Such enormous popularity of cannabis requires substantial effort by border control and law enforcement agencies to control illegal trafficking and distribution. Confirmatory diagnostics of cannabis is currently done by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), which requires sample transportation to a certified laboratory, making THC diagnostics extremely time and labor consuming. This catalyzed a push towards development of a portable, confirmatory, non-invasive and non-destructive approach for cannabis diagnostics that could be performed by a police officer directly in the field to verify illicit drug possession or transport. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a modern analytical technique that meets all these strict expectations. In this manuscript, we show that RS can be used to determine whether plant material is hemp or cannabis with 100% accuracy. We also demonstrate that RS can be used to probe the content of THCA in the analyzed samples. These findings suggest that a hand-held Raman spectrometer can be an ideal tool for police officers and hemp breeders to enable highly accurate diagnostics of THCA content in plants. Cannabis is a generic term that is used to denote hemp plants (Cannabis sativa) that produce delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) in amounts higher than industrial hemp.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | | | | | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- The Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
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19
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Esparza I, Wang R, Kurouski D. Surface-Enhanced Raman Analysis of Underlaying Colorants on Redyed Hair. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7313-7318. [PMID: 31055931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Forensic examination of hair evidence can help with establishing a connection between a suspect and a crime scene or demonstrate the absence of such connections. Currently, it is primarily done by a subjective microscopic examination which can only elucidate the species of origin and, if human, the part of the body the hair came from. Several years ago, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was proposed for advanced forensic analysis of hair ( Kurouski , D. ; Van Duyne , R. P. In situ detection and identification of hair dyes using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) . Anal. Chem. 2015 , 87 , 2901 - 2906 . DOI: 10.1021/ac504405u ). It was shown that SERS could be used to determine whether hair was dyed or not and even reveal what commercial hair colorant was used. Expanding upon those findings, we show that SERS is capable of probing the original colorant even if hair was redyed afterward. Specifically, we were able to detect and identify the underlaying blue semipermanent colorant on hair redyed by both black semipermanent and black permanent colorants. We also demonstrate that original black permanent colorant could be detected by SERS if the hair was recolored by blue semipermanent dye. However, it could not if the hair was recolored by another (blue or black) permanent dye. We also provide experimental evidence that SERS can be used to detect the dye on hair colored more than two months prior to its spectroscopic examination. These experimental findings substantially expand capabilities of SERS in forensics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Esparza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States.,The Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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20
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Alam FC, Sembiring E, Muntalif BS, Suendo V. Microplastic distribution in surface water and sediment river around slum and industrial area (case study: Ciwalengke River, Majalaya district, Indonesia). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:637-645. [PMID: 30849624 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic research in urban and industrial areas, including remote areas, have been conducted recently. However, there is still a lack of research about microplastic abundances in slum area. Ciwalengke River is located in Majalaya, Indonesia, which is dominated by slum and industrial areas that probably generate microplastics. This research was conducted to investigate the distribution of microplastic around the slum area for the first time. Surface water and sediment samples of the river were obtained at ten locations and grouped into six segments location based on different land use at the riverbank. Microplastic particles were identified using binocular microscope and categorized by shape and size. The average microplastic concentration were 5.85 ± 3.28 particles per liter of surface water and 3.03 ± 1.59 microplastic particles per 100 g of dry sediments. Microplastic concentration in the sediment samples were found to have significant differences in location segment (Kruskal Wallis test, p-value = 0.01165 < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in the water samples (Kruskal Wallis test; p-value = 0.654 > 0.05). In addition, microplastic distribution was dominated by fiber particle. More fiber shape might be derived from the direct clothing of residents in the river and fabric washing process in the textile industries. This was also revealed by Raman spectroscopy test of several microplastic particles indicating that the type of microplastic were polyester and nylon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdha Cahya Alam
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Emenda Sembiring
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Barti Setiani Muntalif
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Veinardi Suendo
- Chemistry Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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21
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Egging V, Nguyen J, Kurouski D. Detection and Identification of Fungal Infections in Intact Wheat and Sorghum Grain Using a Hand-Held Raman Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8616-8621. [PMID: 29898358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Global population growth drives increasing food demand, which is anticipated to increase by at least 20% over the next 15 years. Rapid detection and identification of plant pathogens allows for up to a 50% increase in the total agricultural yield worldwide. Current molecular methods for pathogen diagnostics, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are costly, time-consuming, and destructive. These limitations recently catalyzed a push toward developing minimally invasive and substrate general techniques that can be used in the field for confirmatory detection and identification of plant pathogens. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a noninvasive, nondestructive, and label-free technique that can be used to determine chemical structure of analyzed specimens. In this study, we demonstrate that by using a hand-held Raman spectrometer, we can identify whether wheat or sorghum grains are healthy or not and identify present plant pathogens. We show that RS enables diagnosis of simple diseases, such as ergot, that are caused by one pathogen, as well as complex diseases, such as black tip or mold, which are induced by several different pathogens. The combination of chemometric analysis and RS allows for distinguishing between healthy and infected grains with high accuracy. We also show that RS can be used to determine states of disease development on grain. These results demonstrate that Raman-based approach for disease detection on plants is sample agnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Egging
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Jasmine Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States.,The Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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