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Tibaldi E, Federti E, Matte A, Iatcenko I, Wilson AB, Riccardi V, Pagano MA, De Franceschi L. Oxidation Impacts the Intracellular Signaling Machinery in Hematological Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040353. [PMID: 32344529 PMCID: PMC7222375 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic coordination between kinases and phosphatases is crucial for cell homeostasis, in response to different stresses. The functional connection between oxidation and the intracellular signaling machinery still remains to be investigated. In the last decade, several studies have highlighted the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as modulators directly targeting kinases, phosphatases, and downstream modulators, or indirectly acting on cysteine residues on kinases/phosphatases resulting in protein conformational changes with modulation of intracellular signaling pathway(s). Translational studies have revealed the important link between oxidation and signal transduction pathways in hematological disorders. The intricate nature of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms, based on the generation of complex networks of different types of signaling proteins, revealed the novel and important role of phosphatases together with kinases in disease mechanisms. Thus, therapeutic approaches to abnormal signal transduction pathways should consider either inhibition of overactivated/accumulated kinases or homeostatic signaling resetting through the activation of phosphatases. This review discusses the progress in the knowledge of the interplay between oxidation and cell signaling, involving phosphatase/kinase systems in models of globally distributed hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tibaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.T.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Enrica Federti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Alessandro Matte
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Iana Iatcenko
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Anand B. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Veronica Riccardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
| | - Mario Angelo Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.T.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and AOUI Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.F.); (A.M.); (I.I.); (A.B.W.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-812-4401
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Korrodi-Gregório L, Esteves SLC, Fardilha M. Protein phosphatase 1 catalytic isoforms: specificity toward interacting proteins. Transl Res 2014; 164:366-91. [PMID: 25090308 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated and reciprocal action of serine-threonine protein kinases and protein phosphatases produces transitory phosphorylation, a fundamental regulatory mechanism for many biological processes. Phosphoprotein phosphatase 1 (PPP1), a major serine-threonine phosphatase, in particular, is ubiquitously distributed and regulates a broad range of cellular functions, including glycogen metabolism, cell cycle progression, and muscle relaxation. PPP1 has evolved effective catalytic machinery but in vitro lacks substrate specificity. In vivo, its specificity is achieved not only by the existence of different PPP1 catalytic isoforms, but also by binding of the catalytic moiety to a large number of regulatory or targeting subunits. Here, we will address exhaustively the existence of diverse PPP1 catalytic isoforms and the relevance of their specific partners and consequent functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Korrodi-Gregório
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara L C Esteves
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinais, Departamento de Biologia, Secção Autónoma de Ciências de Saúde, Centro de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Matté A, Pantaleo A, Ferru E, Turrini F, Bertoldi M, Lupo F, Siciliano A, Ho Zoon C, De Franceschi L. The novel role of peroxiredoxin-2 in red cell membrane protein homeostasis and senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 76:80-8. [PMID: 25151118 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2), a typical two-cysteine peroxiredoxin, is the third most abundant protein in red cells. Although progress has been made in the functional characterization of Prx2, its role in red cell membrane protein homeostasis is still under investigation. Here, we studied Prx2(-/-) mouse red cells. The absence of Prx2 promotes (i) activation of the oxidative-induced Syk pathway; (ii) increased band 3 Tyr phosphorylation, with clustered band 3; and (iii) increased heat shock protein (HSP27 and HSP70) membrane translocation. This was associated with enhanced in vitro erythrophagocytosis of Prx2(-/-) red cells and reduced Prx2(-/-) red cell survival, indicating the possible role of Prx2 membrane recruitment in red cell aging and in the clearance of oxidized hemoglobin and damaged proteins through microparticles. Indeed, we observed an increased release of microparticles from Prx2(-/-) mouse red cells. The mass spectrometric analysis of erythroid microparticles found hemoglobin chains, membrane proteins, and HSPs. To test these findings, we treated Prx2(-/-) mice with antioxidants in vivo. We observed that N-acetylcysteine reduced (i) Syk activation, (ii) band 3 clusterization, (iii) HSP27 membrane association, and (iv) erythroid microparticle release, resulting in increased Prx2(-/-) mouse red cell survival. Thus, we propose that Prx2 may play a cytoprotective role in red cell membrane protein homeostasis and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Matté
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, AOUI-Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ferru
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Franco Turrini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mariarita Bertoldi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, AOUI-Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Lupo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, AOUI-Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Siciliano
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, AOUI-Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Chae Ho Zoon
- School of Biological Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangjiu, Korea
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, AOUI-Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Morris G, Maes M. Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress and Immune-Inflammatory Pathways in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Curr Neuropharmacol 2014; 12:168-85. [PMID: 24669210 PMCID: PMC3964747 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11666131120224653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) has been classified as a disease of the central nervous system by the WHO since 1969. Many patients carrying this diagnosis do demonstrate an almost bewildering array of biological abnormalities particularly the presence of oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) and a chronically activated innate immune system. The proposal made herein is that once generated chronically activated O&NS and immune-inflammatory pathways conspire to generate a multitude of self-sustaining and self-amplifying pathological processes which are associated with the onset of ME/CFS. Sources of continuous activation of O&NS and immune-inflammatory pathways in ME/CFS are chronic, intermittent and opportunistic infections, bacterial translocation, autoimmune responses, mitochondrial dysfunctions, activation of the Toll-Like Receptor Radical Cycle, and decreased antioxidant levels. Consequences of chronically activated O&NS and immune-inflammatory pathways in ME/CFS are brain disorders, including neuroinflammation and brain hypometabolism / hypoperfusion, toxic effects of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to DNA, secondary autoimmune responses directed against disrupted lipid membrane components and proteins, mitochondrial dysfunctions with a disruption of energy metabolism (e.g. compromised ATP production) and dysfunctional intracellular signaling pathways. The interplay between all of these factors leads to self-amplifying feed forward loops causing a chronic state of activated O&NS, immune-inflammatory and autoimmune pathways which may sustain the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ; Department of Psychiatry, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Rotfeld H, Hillman P, Ickowicz D, Breitbart H. PKA and CaMKII mediate PI3K activation in bovine sperm by inhibition of the PKC/PP1 cascade. Reproduction 2014; 147:347-56. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To enable fertilization, spermatozoa must undergo several biochemical processes in the female reproductive tract, collectively called capacitation. These processes involve protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent protein tyrosine phosphorylation including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). It is not known how PKA, a serine/threonine (S/T) kinase, mediates tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins. We recently showed that inhibition of S/T phosphatase 1 (PP1) causes a significant increase in phospho-PI3K. In this study, we propose a mechanism by which PKA and PP1 mediate an increase in PI3K tyrosine phosphorylation and implicate calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) in this process. Inhibition of sperm PP1 or PKC, stimulated CaMKII phosphorylation/activation, and inhibition of PKC enhanced PP1 phosphorylation/inactivation. Inhibition of CaMKII, using KN-93, caused significant reduction in phospho-PP1, indicating its activation. Moreover, KN-93 prevented the dephosphorylation/inactivation of PKC. We therefore suggest that CaMKII inhibits PKC, leading to PP1 inhibition and the reciprocal auto-activation of CaMKII. Thus, CaMKII can regulate its own activation by inhibiting the PKC/PP1 cascade. Inhibition of Src family kinases (SFK) caused significant inhibition of CaMKII and PP1 phosphorylation, suggesting that SFK activity results in PP1 inhibition and CaMKII activation. Activation of sperm PKA by 8Br-cAMP revealed an increase in phospho-CaMKII, which was inhibited by PKA inhibitor. Tyrosine phosphorylation of PI3K was stimulated by 8Br-cAMP and by PKC or PP1 inhibition and was abrogated by CaMKII inhibition. Furthermore, phosphorylation/activation of the tyrosine kinase Pyk2 was enhanced by PP1 inhibition, and this activation is blocked by CaMKII inhibition. Thus, PKA activates Src, which inhibits PP1, leading to CaMKII and Pyk2 activation, resulting in PI3K tyrosine phosphorylation/activation.
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Erythrocyte membrane changes of chorea-acanthocytosis are the result of altered Lyn kinase activity. Blood 2011; 118:5652-63. [PMID: 21951684 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-05-355339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthocytic RBCs are a peculiar diagnostic feature of chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc), a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder. Although recent years have witnessed some progress in the molecular characterization of ChAc, the mechanism(s) responsible for generation of acanthocytes in ChAc is largely unknown. As the membrane protein composition of ChAc RBCs is similar to that of normal RBCs, we evaluated the tyrosine (Tyr)-phosphorylation profile of RBCs using comparative proteomics. Increased Tyr phosphorylation state of several membrane proteins, including band 3, β-spectrin, and adducin, was noted in ChAc RBCs. In particular, band 3 was highly phosphorylated on the Tyr-904 residue, a functional target of Lyn, but not on Tyr-8, a functional target of Syk. In ChAc RBCs, band 3 Tyr phosphorylation by Lyn was independent of the canonical Syk-mediated pathway. The ChAc-associated alterations in RBC membrane protein organization appear to be the result of increased Tyr phosphorylation leading to altered linkage of band 3 to the junctional complexes involved in anchoring the membrane to the cytoskeleton as supported by coimmunoprecipitation of β-adducin with band 3 only in ChAc RBC-membrane treated with the Lyn-inhibitor PP2. We propose this altered association between membrane skeleton and membrane proteins as novel mechanism in the generation of acanthocytes in ChAc.
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Mòdol T, Natal C, Pérez de Obanos MP, Domingo de Miguel E, Iraburu MJ, López-Zabalza MJ. Apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells mediated by specific protein nitration. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 81:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Chen Y, Kung HN, Chen CH, Huang SH, Chen KH, Wang SM. Acidic extracellular pH induces p120-catenin-mediated disruption of adherens junctions via the Src kinase-PKCδ pathway. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:705-10. [PMID: 21251911 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An acidic microenvironment induces disruption of adherens junctions (AJs) of hepatoma cells. This study investigated the impact of an acidic extracellular pH (pHe) on p120-catenin (p120-ctn) serine phosphorylation. pH 6.6 treatment increased intracellular calcium levels, activated protein kinase C (PKC)α and PKCδ, and decreased serine phosphorylation of p120-ctn. Further knockdown of PKCα and δ by small interference RNA (siRNA) prevented the pH 6.6-induced downregulation of p120-ctn at AJ and the serine dephosphorylation of p120-ctn. Moreover, PP2 pretreatment and siRNA of c-Src abrogated the pH 6.6-induced PKCδ activation. Together, the c-Src-PKCδ cascade and PKCα regulate the acidic pHe-induced AJ disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Krapf D, Arcelay E, Wertheimer EV, Sanjay A, Pilder SH, Salicioni AM, Visconti PE. Inhibition of Ser/Thr phosphatases induces capacitation-associated signaling in the presence of Src kinase inhibitors. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:7977-85. [PMID: 20068039 PMCID: PMC2832948 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.085845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling events leading to mammalian sperm capacitation rely on activation/deactivation of proteins by phosphorylation. This cascade includes soluble adenylyl cyclase, an atypical bicarbonate-stimulated adenylyl cyclase, and is mediated by protein kinase A and the subsequent stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Recently, it has been proposed that the capacitation-associated increase in tyrosine phosphorylation is governed by Src tyrosine kinase activity. This conclusion was based mostly on the observation that Src is present in sperm and that the Src kinase family inhibitor SU6656 blocked the capacitation-associated increase in tyrosine phosphorylation. Results in the present manuscript confirmed these observations and provided evidence that these inhibitors were also able to inhibit protein kinase A phosphorylation, sperm motility, and in vitro fertilization. However, the block of capacitation-associated parameters was overcome when sperm were incubated in the presence of Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibitors such as okadaic acid and calyculin-A at concentrations reported to affect only PP2A. Altogether, these data indicate that Src is not directly involved in the observed increase in tyrosine phosphorylation. More importantly, this work presents strong evidence that capacitation is regulated by two parallel pathways. One of them requiring activation of protein kinase A and the second one involving inactivation of Ser/Thr phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Krapf
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Effects of peroxynitrite-induced protein tyrosine nitration on insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation in HepG2 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 331:49-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stimulatory effect of benzylidenemalononitrile tyrphostins on expression of NO-dependent genes in U-937 monocytic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 606:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Natal C, Modol T, Osés-Prieto JA, López-Moratalla N, Iraburu MJ, López-Zabalza MJ. Specific protein nitration in nitric oxide-induced apoptosis of human monocytes. Apoptosis 2008; 13:1356-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Starodubtseva MN, Tattersall AL, Kuznetsova TG, Yegorenkov NI, Ellory JC. Structural and functional changes in the membrane and membrane skeleton of red blood cells induced by peroxynitrite. Bioelectrochemistry 2008; 73:155-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 12/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zappulla D. Environmental stress, erythrocyte dysfunctions, inflammation, and the metabolic syndrome: adaptations to CO2 increases? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 3:30-4. [PMID: 18326983 DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-4572.2008.07263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the Western world, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increasing exponentially. Chronic subacute inflammation characterizes the syndrome, suggesting that inflammation might be a common denominator that links obesity to its pathologic sequelae. Potential mechanisms for the activation of inflammation include current air pollution inhalation and/or excess food intake. Both of these environmental factors have, in fact, been shown to promote oxidation followed by the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Potential sources of systemic inflammation include oxidized erythrocytes. Increased exogenous or endogenous CO2 deoxygenates hemoglobin, thereby increasing the fraction of hemoglobin reacting with nitrite to form methemoglobin together with release of superoxide and nitric oxide. These may form peroxynitrite, which may oxidize erythrocytes. Macrophages may then recognize and engulf these cells, thereby releasing proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, studies should focus on the red blood cell and its proteins to finely target and appropriately treat a world pandemic ominously related to CO2 increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Zappulla
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Catania Medical School, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Abstract
The discovery that mammalian cells have the ability to synthesize the free radical nitric oxide (NO) has stimulated an extraordinary impetus for scientific research in all the fields of biology and medicine. Since its early description as an endothelial-derived relaxing factor, NO has emerged as a fundamental signaling device regulating virtually every critical cellular function, as well as a potent mediator of cellular damage in a wide range of conditions. Recent evidence indicates that most of the cytotoxicity attributed to NO is rather due to peroxynitrite, produced from the diffusion-controlled reaction between NO and another free radical, the superoxide anion. Peroxynitrite interacts with lipids, DNA, and proteins via direct oxidative reactions or via indirect, radical-mediated mechanisms. These reactions trigger cellular responses ranging from subtle modulations of cell signaling to overwhelming oxidative injury, committing cells to necrosis or apoptosis. In vivo, peroxynitrite generation represents a crucial pathogenic mechanism in conditions such as stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, diabetes, circulatory shock, chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, novel pharmacological strategies aimed at removing peroxynitrite might represent powerful therapeutic tools in the future. Evidence supporting these novel roles of NO and peroxynitrite is presented in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Pacher
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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