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Jin J, Huang R, Chang Y, Yi X. Roles and mechanisms of optineurin in bone metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116258. [PMID: 38350370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Optineurin (OPTN) is a widely expressed multifunctional articulatory protein that participates in cellular or mitochondrial autophagy, vesicular transport, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via interactions with various proteins. Skeletal development is a complex biological process that requires the participation of various osteoblasts, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and osteogenic, osteoclastic, and chondrogenic cells. OPTN was recently found to be involved in the regulation of osteoblast activity, which affects bone metabolism. OPTN inhibits osteoclastogenesis via signaling pathways, including NF-κB, IFN-β, and NRF2. OPTN can promote the differentiation of BMSCs toward osteogenesis and inhibit lipogenic differentiation by delaying BMSC senescence and autophagy. These effects are closely related to the development of bone metabolism disorders, such as Paget's disease of bone, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role and mechanism of OPTN in the regulation of bone metabolism and related bone metabolic diseases. Our findings will provide new targets and strategies for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Jin
- School of Sports and Human Sciences, Shenyang Sport University, No. 36 Jinqiansong East Road, Sujiatun District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110115, China
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Yixing Chang
- Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Xuejie Yi
- Exercise and Health Research Center/Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, No. 36 Jinqiansong East Road, Sujiatun District, Shenyang , Liaoning 110115, China.
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2
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Deng Y, Xiao J, Ma L, Wang C, Wang X, Huang X, Cao Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Periodontitis and Associated Systemic Diseases: Implications for Pathomechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1024. [PMID: 38256098 PMCID: PMC10816612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disorder damaging periodontal tissues, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It arises from the complex interplay between pathogenic oral bacteria and host immune response. Contrary to the previous view of "energy factories", mitochondria have recently been recognized as semi-autonomous organelles that fine-tune cell survival, death, metabolism, and other functions. Under physiological conditions, periodontal tissue cells participate in dynamic processes, including differentiation, mineralization, and regeneration. These fundamental activities depend on properly functioning mitochondria, which play a crucial role through bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, and quality control. However, during the initiation and progression of periodontitis, mitochondrial quality control is compromised due to a range of challenges, such as bacterial-host interactions, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Currently, mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria dysfunction serves as a common pathological mechanism linking periodontitis with systemic conditions like type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to intervene in periodontitis and multiple associated systemic diseases holds great therapeutic potential. This review provides advanced insights into the interplay between mitochondria, periodontitis, and associated systemic diseases. Moreover, we emphasize the significance of diverse therapeutic modulators and signaling pathways that regulate mitochondrial function in periodontal and systemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Junhong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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3
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Yang Y, Liu Z, Wu J, Bao S, Wang Y, Li J, Song T, Sun Y, Pi J. Nrf2 Mitigates RANKL and M-CSF Induced Osteoclast Differentiation via ROS-Dependent Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2094. [PMID: 38136214 PMCID: PMC10740485 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been shown to be a negative regulator of osteoclast differentiation, but the precise mechanisms have not yet been established. We examined the precise roles of Nrf2 in regulating antioxidants and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, especially the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ROS during osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In the current study, we found that the absence of Nrf2 promotes osteoclast differentiation in bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and RAW 264.7 cells. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) significantly lowered the levels of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant enzymes at mRNA and/or protein levels during osteoclast differentiation in the BMMs of mice and RAW 264.7 mouse leukemic monocytes. Compared to the wild-type cells, Nrf2-deficient cells exhibited heightened sensitivity to both transient RANKL-induced cytoplasmic ROS and prolonged RANKL and M-CSF-induced cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Furthermore, exogenous antioxidant agents, including N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), and mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ), exhibited substantial capability to suppress the elevation of ROS levels during osteoclast differentiation induced by Nrf2 deficiency, and they consequently inhibited osteoclast differentiation augmented by the lack of Nrf2. The activation of phosphorylated c-FOS resulting from elevated ROS promoted osteoclast differentiation. The inhibition of c-FOS blocked osteoclast differentiation, which was elevated by Nrf2-deficiency. Taken together, these data reveal that Nrf2 effectively decreased the accumulation of intracellular ROS and the phosphorylation of c-FOS during osteoclastic differentiation by regulating antioxidant enzymes and subsequently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Road, Shenyang 110001, China;
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China; (Z.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jinzhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China; (Z.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Simeng Bao
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, China;
| | - Yanshuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China; (Z.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL 306, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Road, Shenyang 110001, China;
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Road, Shenyang 110001, China;
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China; (Z.L.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China
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Peng H, Zhu M, Kong W, Tang C, Du J, Huang Y, Jin H. L-cystathionine protects against oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein in THP-1-derived macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1161542. [PMID: 37560474 PMCID: PMC10408194 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1161542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress in monocyte-derived macrophages is a significant pathophysiological process in atherosclerosis. L-cystathionine (L-Cth) acts as a scavenger for oxygen free radicals. However, the impact of L-Cth on macrophage oxidative stress during atherogenesis has remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether L-Cth affects oxidative stress in THP-1-derived macrophages and its subsequent effects on DNA damage and cell apoptosis. Methods: We established a cellular model of oxLDL-stimulated macrophages. The content of superoxide anion, H2O2, NO, and H2S in the macrophage were in situ detected by the specific fluorescence probe, respectively. The activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT were measured by colorimetrical assay. The protein expressions of SOD1, SOD2, and iNOS were detected using western blotting. The DNA damage and apoptosis in the macrophage was evaluated using an fluorescence kit. Results: The results demonstrated that oxLDL significantly increased the content of superoxide anion and H2O2, the expression of iNOS protein, and NO production in macrophages. Conversely, oxLDL decreased the activity of antioxidants GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT, and downregulated the protein expressions of SOD1 and SOD2 in macrophages. However, treatment with L-Cth reduced the levels of superoxide anion, H2O2, and NO, as well as the protein expression of iNOS induced by oxLDL. Moreover, L-Cth treatment significantly enhanced GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT activity, and upregulated the expressions of SOD1 and SOD2 proteins in macrophages treated with oxLDL. Furthermore, both L-Cth supplementation and activation of endogenous L-Cth production suppressed DNA damage and cell apoptosis in oxLDL-injured macrophages, whereas inhibition of endogenous L-Cth exacerbated the deleterious effects of oxLDL. Conclusion: These findings suggest that L-Cth exerts a pronounced inhibitory effect on the oxidative stress, subsequent DNA damage and cell apoptosis in oxLDL-stimulated THP-1 monocytes. This study deepens our understanding of the pathogenesis of macrophage-related cardiovascular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoshu Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junbao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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5
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Ng MY, Lin T, Chao SC, Chu PM, Yu CC. Potential Therapeutic Applications of Natural Compounds in Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133614. [PMID: 35806899 PMCID: PMC9267692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major worldwide health burden. DM is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, and if left untreated, can lead to various complications. Individuals with uncontrolled DM are more susceptible to periodontitis due to both a hyper-inflammatory host response and an impaired immune response. Periodontitis, on the other hand, may exacerbate DM by increasing both local and systemic inflammatory components of DM-related complications. The current standard for periodontal treatment in diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) focuses mostly on reducing bacterial load and less on controlling the excessive host response, and hence, may not be able to resolve DP completely. Over the past decade, natural compounds have emerged as an adjunct approach for modulating the host immune response with the hope of curing DP. The anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic characteristics of natural substances are well-known, and they can be found in regularly consumed foods and drinks, as well as plants. The pathophysiology of DP and the treatment benefits of various bioactive extracts for DP will be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yee Ng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
| | - Taichen Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yi-lan, Luodong 265501, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2471-8668
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Kaur G, Sharma A, Bhatnagar A. Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis: insights into NRF2-KEAP1 signalling. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:385-397. [PMID: 34415206 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1963959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most prevalent, chronic, inflammatory disorders involving multiple articular and extra-articular complications. Immune deregulation owing to a combinatorial network of cells, inflammatory components, degrading enzymes, angiogenetic factors, exhibiting pleiotropy, synergy, or redundancy, is a critical hallmark for synovial inflammatory milieu reasoning clinical heterogeneity and variability of the disease. As a prototype of autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism for these potential driving factors contributing to disease inception and perpetuation is yet elusive. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 - Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) pathway, controlled via multifactorial regulation, functions as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved intracellular defense mechanism. Nrf2-Keap1 signalling maintains homeostatic responses against a plethora of environmental or endogenous deviations in cellular growth, death, redox metabolism, inflammation, bone remodelling, detoxification, etc. Administration of antioxidants as an add-on pharmacotherapy along with conventional drugs has been elucidated as a better measure for disease management. Some of the most promising natural and synthetic redox-based therapeutic compounds function as either scavengers of reactive species, or inhibitors of their sources, or activators of an endogenous antioxidant system (Nrf2-Keap1). The present review focuses on the binomial "rheumatoid arthritis-oxidative stress", bringing insights into their pathophysiological interrelationships and Nrf2 signalling, as well as the implications of potential diagnostic oxidative stress biomarkers and therapeutic interventions directed for disease management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Highlights:RA has complex etiopathogenesis, evolving from multiple endogenous and exogenous factors with oxidative stress as a critical pathogenic signature.Oxidative damage and damaged compounds could serve as potent biomarkers for disease diagnosis, therapeutic response, and prognosis.One of the supreme cytoprotective signalling cascades, the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway has been known to elicit a protective effect against RA and various other autoimmune, inflammatory, degenerative disorders.Inclusion of natural and synthetic antioxidants has been encouraged by various studies for additional therapy to conventional drugs for better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjasmine Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Deficiency of optineurin enhances osteoclast differentiation by attenuating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:667-680. [PMID: 33864025 PMCID: PMC8102640 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00596-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormally increased resorption contributes to bone degenerative diseases such as Paget's disease of bone (PDB) through unclear mechanisms. Recently, the optineurin (OPTN) gene has been implicated in PDB, and global OPTN knockout mice (Optn-/-) were shown to exhibit increased formation of osteoclasts (osteoclastogenesis). Growing evidence, including our own, has demonstrated that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) can act as signaling molecules to promote osteoclastogenesis. Here, we report that OPTN interacts with nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of the antioxidant response, defining a pathway through which RANKL-induced ROS could be regulated for osteoclastogenesis. In this study, monocytes from Optn-/- and wild-type (Optn+/+) mice were utilized to differentiate into osteoclasts, and both qRT-PCR and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed that the Optn-/- monocytes exhibited enhanced osteoclastogenesis compared to the Optn+/+ cells. CellROX® staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting indicated that OPTN deficiency reduced the basal expression of Nrf2, inhibited the expression of NRF2-responsive antioxidants, and increased basal and RANKL-induced intracellular ROS levels, leading to enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) showed direct interaction, and immunofluorescence staining showed perinuclear colocalization of the OPTN-NRF2 granular structures during differentiation. Finally, curcumin and the other NRF2 activators attenuated the hyperactive osteoclastogenesis induced by OPTN deficiency. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel OPTN-mediated mechanism for regulating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response in osteoclasts and extend the therapeutic potential of OPTN in the aging process resulting from ROS-triggered oxidative stress, which is associated with PDB and many other degenerative diseases.
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Targeting reactive oxygen species in stem cells for bone therapy. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1226-1244. [PMID: 33684524 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as key players in regulating the fate and function of stem cells from both non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic lineages in bone marrow, and thus affect the osteoblastogenesis-osteoclastogenesis balance and bone homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has linked ROS and associated oxidative stress with the progression of bone disorders, and ROS-based therapeutic strategies have appeared to achieve favorable outcomes in bone. We review current knowledge of the multifactorial roles and mechanisms of ROS as a target in bone pathology. In addition, we discuss emerging ROS-based therapeutic strategies that show potential for bone therapy. Finally, we highlight the opportunities and challenges facing ROS-targeted stem cell therapeutics for improving bone health.
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9
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Ha YJ, Choi YS, Oh YR, Kang EH, Khang G, Park YB, Lee YJ. Fucoxanthin Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis via Modulation of MAP Kinase and Nrf2 Signaling. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:132. [PMID: 33673704 PMCID: PMC7997314 DOI: 10.3390/md19030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid present in edible brown seaweed, is known for its therapeutic potential in various diseases, including bone disease. However, its underlying regulatory mechanisms in osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of FX on osteoclast differentiation and its regulatory signaling pathway. In vitro studies were performed using osteoclast-like RAW264.7 cells stimulated with the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand or tumor necrosis factor-alpha/interleukin-6. FX treatment significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption ability, and downregulated the expression of osteoclast-specific markers such as nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, dendritic cell-specific seven transmembrane protein, and matrix metallopeptidase 9. Intracellular signaling pathway analysis revealed that FX specifically decreased the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase, and increased the nuclear translocation of phosphonuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Our results suggest that FX regulates the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases and Nrf2. Therefore, FX is a potential therapeutic agent for osteoclast-related skeletal disorders including osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.S.C.); (Y.R.O.)
| | - Ye Rim Oh
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.S.C.); (Y.R.O.)
| | - Eun Ha Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bio-Convergence Engineering, Department of PolymerNano Science and Technology and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54896, Korea;
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea; (Y.-J.H.); (E.H.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Sczepanik FSC, Grossi ML, Casati M, Goldberg M, Glogauer M, Fine N, Tenenbaum HC. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of oxidative stress: We should treat it that way. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:45-68. [PMID: 32844417 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease. As it progresses, it causes serious morbidity in the form of periodontal abscesses and tooth loss and, in the latter stages, pain. It is also now known that periodontitis is strongly associated with several nonoral diseases. Thus, patients with periodontitis are at greater risk for the development and/or exacerbation of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular diseases, among other conditions. Although it is without question that specific groups of oral bacteria which populate dental plaque play a causative role in the development of periodontitis, it is now thought that once this disease has been triggered, other factors play an equal, and possibly more important, role in its progression, particularly in severe cases or in cases that prove difficult to treat. In this regard, we allude to the host response, specifically the notion that the host, once infected with oral periodontal pathogenic bacteria, will mount a defense response mediated largely through the innate immune system. The most abundant cell type of the innate immune system - polymorphonuclear neutrophils - can, when protecting the host from microbial invasion, mount a response that includes upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species, all of which then contribute to the tissue damage and loss of teeth commonly associated with periodontitis. Of the mechanisms referred to here, we suggest that upregulation of reactive oxygen species might play one of the most important roles in the establishment and progression of periodontitis (as well as in other diseases of inflammation) through the development of oxidative stress. In this overview, we discuss both innate and epigenetic factors (eg, diabetes, smoking) that lead to the development of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress then provides an environment conducive to the destructive processes observed in periodontitis. Therefore, we shall describe some of the fundamental characteristics of oxidative stress and its effects on the periodontium, discuss the diseases and other factors that cause oxidative stress, and, finally, review potentially novel therapeutic approaches for the management (and possibly even the reversal) of periodontitis, which rely on the use of therapies, such as resveratrol and other antioxidants, that provide increased antioxidant activity in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Lima Grossi
- School of Health Sciences, Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcio Casati
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University (UNIP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Michael Goldberg
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Periodontology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard C Tenenbaum
- Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Thodupuzha, India.,Faculty of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Alcaraz MJ, Ferrándiz ML. Relevance of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 in articular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:83-93. [PMID: 31830562 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Joint conditions pose an important public health problem as they are a leading cause of pain, functional limitation and physical disability. Oxidative stress is related to the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases affecting the joints such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Cells have developed adaptive protection mechanisms to maintain homeostasis such as nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which regulates the transcription of many genes involved in redox balance, detoxification, metabolism and inflammation. Activation of Nrf2 results in the synthesis of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) leading to the formation of a number of bioactive metabolites, mainly CO, biliverdin and bilirubin. Ample evidence supports the notion that Nrf2 and HO-1 can confer protection against oxidative stress and inflammatory and immune responses in joint tissues. As a consequence, this pathway may control the activation and metabolism of articular cells to play a regulatory role in joint destruction thus offering new opportunities for better treatments. Further studies are necessary to identify improved strategies to regulate Nrf2 and HO-1 activation in order to enable the development of drugs with therapeutic applications in joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Alcaraz
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Ferrándiz
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Wada S, Kanzaki H, Katsumata Y, Yamaguchi Y, Narimiya T, Attucks OC, Nakamura Y, Tomonari H. Bach1 Inhibition Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis via Reduction of the Signaling via Reactive Oxygen Species by Reinforced Antioxidation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:740. [PMID: 32850850 PMCID: PMC7417670 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone destructive diseases such as periodontitis are common worldwide and are caused by excessive osteoclast formation and activation. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential factor for osteoclastogenesis. This triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS), which has a key role in intracellular signaling as well exerting cytotoxicity. Cells have protective mechanisms against ROS, such as nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which controls the expression of many antioxidant enzyme genes. Conversely, BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), a competitor for Nrf2, transcriptionally represses the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes. Previously, we demonstrated that RANKL induces Bach1 nuclear import and attenuates the expression of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes, thereby augmenting intracellular ROS signaling and osteoclastogenesis. However, it remains unknown if Bach1 inhibitors attenuate osteoclastogenesis. In this study, we hypothesized that Bach1 inhibition would exert an anti-osteoclastogenic effects via diminishing of intracellular ROS signaling through augmented antioxidation. We used RAW 264.7 cells as osteoclast progenitor cells. Using flow cytometry, we found that Bach1 inhibitors attenuated RANKL-mediated ROS generation, which resulted in the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Local injection of a Bach1 inhibitor into the calvaria of male BALB/c mice blocked bone destruction induced by lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Bach1 inhibitor attenuates RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction in mice by inducing the expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant enzymes that consequently decrease intracellular ROS levels. Bach1 inhibitors have potential in inhibiting bone destructive diseases such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomonari
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
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13
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Meloni BP, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW. Cationic Arginine-Rich Peptides (CARPs): A Novel Class of Neuroprotective Agents With a Multimodal Mechanism of Action. Front Neurol 2020; 11:108. [PMID: 32158425 PMCID: PMC7052017 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are virtually no clinically available neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of acute and chronic neurological disorders, hence there is an urgent need for the development of new neuroprotective molecules. Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) are an expanding and relatively novel class of compounds, which possess intrinsic neuroprotective properties. Intriguingly, CARPs possess a combination of biological properties unprecedented for a neuroprotective agent including the ability to traverse cell membranes and enter the CNS, antagonize calcium influx, target mitochondria, stabilize proteins, inhibit proteolytic enzymes, induce pro-survival signaling, scavenge toxic molecules, and reduce oxidative stress as well as, having a range of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer actions. CARPs have also been used as carrier molecules for the delivery of other putative neuroprotective agents across the blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier. However, there is increasing evidence that the neuroprotective efficacy of many, if not all these other agents delivered using a cationic arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide (CCPPs) carrier (e.g., TAT) may actually be mediated largely by the properties of the carrier molecule, with overall efficacy further enhanced according to the amino acid composition of the cargo peptide, in particular its arginine content. Therefore, in reviewing the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of CARPs we also consider studies using CCPPs fused to a putative neuroprotective peptide. We review the history of CARPs in neuroprotection and discuss in detail the intrinsic biological properties that may contribute to their cytoprotective effects and their usefulness as a broad-acting class of neuroprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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14
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Menale C, Robinson LJ, Palagano E, Rigoni R, Erreni M, Almarza AJ, Strina D, Mantero S, Lizier M, Forlino A, Besio R, Monari M, Vezzoni P, Cassani B, Blair HC, Villa A, Sobacchi C. Absence of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 3 Increases Oxidative Stress and Causes Bone Loss. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:2133-2148. [PMID: 31295380 PMCID: PMC7203631 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Controlling oxidative stress through the activation of antioxidant pathways is crucial in bone homeostasis, and impairments of the cellular defense systems involved contribute to the pathogenesis of common skeletal diseases. In this work we focused on the dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3), a poorly investigated ubiquitous zinc-dependent exopeptidase activating the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. We showed Dpp3 expression in bone and, to understand its role in this compartment, we generated a Dpp3 knockout (KO) mouse model and specifically investigated the skeletal phenotype. Adult Dpp3 KO mice showed a mild growth defect, a significant increase in bone marrow cellularity, and bone loss mainly caused by increased osteoclast activity. Overall, in the mouse model, lack of DPP3 resulted in sustained oxidative stress and in alterations of bone microenvironment favoring the osteoclast compared to the osteoblast lineage. Accordingly, in vitro studies revealed that Dpp3 KO osteoclasts had an inherent increased resorptive activity and ROS production, which on the other hand made them prone to apoptosis. Moreover, absence of DPP3 augmented bone loss after estrogen withdrawal in female mice, further supporting its relevance in the framework of bone pathophysiology. Overall, we show a nonredundant role for DPP3 in the maintenance of bone homeostasis and propose that DPP3 might represent a possible new osteoimmunological player and a marker of human bone loss pathology. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Menale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Lisa J Robinson
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Eleonora Palagano
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Rosita Rigoni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marco Erreni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alejandro J Almarza
- Department of Oral Biology, Department of Bioengineering, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dario Strina
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Stefano Mantero
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Michela Lizier
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Besio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Monari
- Clinical Investigation Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Paolo Vezzoni
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Barbara Cassani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Harry C Blair
- Veterans' Affairs Medical Center and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Villa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cristina Sobacchi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (CNR-IRGB), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rozzano, Italy
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15
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Narimiya T, Kanzaki H, Yamaguchi Y, Wada S, Katsumata Y, Tanaka K, Tomonari H. Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting IL-6 expression. Bone Rep 2019; 11:100228. [PMID: 31763378 PMCID: PMC6861591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ALA/SFC induced the activation of Nrf2 in osteoblasts. IL-6 and RANKL expression in osteoblasts was increased by LPS, but decreased by Nrf2 activation. LPS-mediated RANKL augmentation was dependent on IL-6 induction. Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses indirectly osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting the expression of IL-6.
Bone destructive diseases such as periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are caused by excessive activation of osteoclasts. Osteoclastogenesis is regulated by Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL) produced by osteoclastogenesis supporting cells such as osteoblast and osteocyte. Previously, we reported that NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation in osteoclast precursors inhibited osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction via induction of anti-oxidation and thereby attenuated intracellular ROS signaling. However, it still remains unknown whether Nrf2 activation in cells other than osteoclasts give any negative influence on supporting property for osteoclastogenesis. Here we discovered that Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppresses indirectly osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) which promotes osteoclastogenesis. In this study, 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) was used as the Nrf2 activator. in vitro experiments, using osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1, revealed that the expression of IL-6 was increased by LPS stimulation, but decreased after ALA/SFC treatment in mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, RANKL expression was augmented by LPS, which was blocked by ALA/SFC treatment. Neutralizing antibody against IL-6 confirmed that LPS-mediated RANKL augmentation was dependent on IL-6 induction. in vivo experiments with LPS-mediated bone destruction in mice, confirmed that augmented IL-6 expression in osteoblasts by immunochemical analysis. ALA/SFC treatment attenuated LPS-mediated IL-6 upregulation. These results suggest that Nrf2 activation in osteoblasts suppress IL-6 and inflammatory bone destruction. The Nrf2 activator acts not only on osteoclasts but also on osteoblasts, in other word, Nrf2 activation indirectly suppresses osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, the Nrf2 activator exhibits dual inhibitory effects via direct action on osteoclast and indirect action on osteoclast supporting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomonari
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa pref., 230-8501, Japan
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16
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Jeong JW, Ji SY, Lee H, Hong SH, Kim GY, Park C, Lee BJ, Park EK, Hyun JW, Jeon YJ, Choi YH. Fermented Sea Tangle ( Laminaria japonica Aresch) Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Scavenging ROS in RAW 264.7 Cells. Foods 2019; 8:foods8080290. [PMID: 31357503 PMCID: PMC6723172 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea tangle (Laminaria japonica Aresch), a brown alga, has been used for many years as a functional food ingredient in the Asia-Pacific region. In the present study, we investigated the effects of fermented sea tangle extract (FST) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclast differentiation, using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. FST was found to inhibit the RANKL-stimulated activation of tartrate-resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP) and F-actin ring structure formation. FST also down-regulated the expression of osteoclast marker genes like TRAP, matrix metalloproteinase-9, cathepsin K and osteoclast-associated receptor by blocking RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), a master transcription factor. In addition, FST significantly abolished RANKL-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its transcriptional targets. Hence, it seems likely that FST may have anti-osteoclastogenic potential as a result of its ability to inactivate the NF-κB-mediated NFATc1 signaling pathway and by reducing ROS production through activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Although further studies are needed to inquire its efficacy in vivo, FST appears to have potential use as an adjunctive or as a prophylactic treatment for osteoclastic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Bae-Jin Lee
- Marine Bioprocess Co. Ltd., Busan 46048, Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Korea.
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17
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Du X, Zhang T, Ma G, Gu X, Wang G, Li J. Glucose-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles to generation of hydrogen peroxide for synergistic cancer starvation and chemistry therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2233-2251. [PMID: 31118604 PMCID: PMC6498395 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s195900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The combination of novel starving therapy with chemotherapy is one of the most promising strategies to achieve an effective antitumor activity. Methods: Herein, we developed a multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNs-GOx/PLL/HA) coated with poly (L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for co-delivery of glucose oxidase (GOx) and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) for cancer treatment for the first time. Compared to single chemotherapy, introduction of GOx would not only selectively trigger the consumption of intracellular glucose, leading to the interruption of energy supply, but also elevat the endogenous H2O2 level, inducing stronger therapeutic effects. Results: The novel drug delivery system possessed desirable particle diameter of 40 nm and exhibited a pH-sensitive drug release behavior. An in vitro cellular uptake study indicated that MSNs-GOx/PLL/HA nanoparticles effectively enhanced the cellular uptake of drug in an apparently CD44 receptor-dependent manner, and delivered more cargo into cytoplasm via endolysosomal escape effect in presence of PLL. The nanoplatform has also demonstrated amplified synergistic therapeutic effects for remarkable tumor inhibition in a xenograft animal tumor model. Conclusion: Consequently, the developed synergistic starving-like/chemotherapy may provide a potential platform for next generation cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglan Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Gu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Guangji Wang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
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18
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Liu Z, Hou Y, Li L, Yang Y, Jia J, Hong Z, Li T, Xu Y, Fu J, Sun Y, Yamamoto M, Wang H, Pi J. Nrf2 deficiency aggravates the increase in osteoclastogenesis and bone loss induced by inorganic arsenic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 367:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Single Local Injection of Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Gelatin Attenuates Bone Resorption and Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10121384. [PMID: 30961309 PMCID: PMC6401683 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclastic bone resorption enables orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in orthodontic treatment. Previously, we demonstrated that local epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) injection successfully slowed the rate of OTM; however, repeat injections were required. In the present study, we produced a liquid form of EGCG-modified gelatin (EGCG-GL) and examined the properties of EGCG-GL with respect to prolonging EGCG release, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, osteoclastogenesis inhibition, bone destruction, and OTM. We found EGCG-GL both prolonged the release of EGCG and induced the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, such as heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclc), in the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. EGCG-GL attenuated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in vitro. An animal model of bone destruction, induced by repeat Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injections into the calvaria of male BALB/c mice, revealed that a single injection of EGCG-GL on day-1 could successfully inhibit LPS-mediated bone destruction. Additionally, experimental OTM of maxillary first molars in male mice was attenuated by a single EGCG-GL injection on day-1. In conclusion, EGCG-GL prolongs the release of EGCG and inhibits osteoclastogenesis via the attenuation of intracellular ROS signaling through the increased expression of antioxidant enzymes. These results indicate EGCG-GL would be a beneficial therapeutic approach both in destructive bone disease and in controlling alveolar bone metabolism.
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20
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Peng M, Qiang L, Xu Y, Li C, Li T, Wang J. Inhibition of JNK and activation of the AMPK-Nrf2 axis by corosolic acid suppress osteolysis and oxidative stress. Nitric Oxide 2018; 82:12-24. [PMID: 30453049 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular reactive oxygen species contribute to RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a redox-sensitive transcription factor, is critical in the cellular defense against oxidative stress by induction of antioxidants and cytoprotective enzymes. In the current study, it was first demonstrated that RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and hydroxylapatite resorption were suppressed by Corosolic acid (CA) via inhibiting p-JNK and activating p-AMPK. Meanwhile, p-65, p-38, Akt, and GSK-3β were partly inhibited during the treatment of CA. Osteoclastogenesis related genes, including NFATc1, c-fos, cathepsin K, and CTR were down-regulated by CA as well. Furthermore, the intracellular oxidative stress of CA-treated osteoclasts was dramatically decreased and Nrf2 was translocated into the nucleus to activate antioxidants including HO-1, NQO-1, and GCLC by CA. The LPS-induced mice calvarial osteolysis model was established for the in vivo investigation. Micro-CT morphometric analysis revealed that the treatment of CA restored LPS-induced bone loss and formation of osteoclasts. Besides, p-p65 and p-JNK were activated in the LPS group but inhibited by CA in vivo. The treatment of CA also activated p-AMPK during its attenuating LPS-induced osteolysis. Conclusively, CA effectively protects against LPS-induced osteolysis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and oxidative stress through the inhibition of the JNK and activation of the AMPK-Nrf2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Southwest Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 610031, No.111, North Section, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Southwest Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 610031, No.111, North Section, 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1804 Huashan Rd, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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21
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High glucose downregulates the effects of autophagy on osteoclastogenesis via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:428-435. [PMID: 29649480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease that disrupts the balance between bone formation and bone desorption, which can lead to osteoporosis, increasing the risk of fracture. However, compared with osteoblasts, the biological effects of hyperglycemia on osteoclastogenesis remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the impact of glucose at different concentrations (5.5, 10.5, 15.5, 20.5, 25.5, and 30.5 mM) on osteoclastogenesis using RAW264.7 cells. Cell proliferation was measured with the cell counting kit-8 assay, and osteoclastogenesis was detected with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and bone resorption assays, as well as protein cathepsin K expression. Compound C, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway inhibitor, was used to examine the relationship between the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway and autophagy in osteoclasts. Autophagy was evaluated with transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy and associated proteins were detected with western blotting. The pharmacological autophagic reagents bafilomycin A1, 3-methyladenine, and rapamycin were used to determine the effect of autophagy on osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that glucose negatively affected osteoclast formation and function but did not affect the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells. Suppression of the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling axis decreased autophagy in glucose-mediated osteoclast. Furthermore, High levels of glucose decreased autophagy level in osteoclasts. Additionally, interfering with autophagy affected osteoclast formation and function. These findings clarify the mechanisms underlying the effects of glucose-mediated osteoclastogenesis and will help identify novel therapeutic strategies for the protection of skeletal health in diabetic osteoporosis.
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22
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Kasnak G, Firatli E, Könönen E, Olgac V, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Gursoy UK. Elevated levels of 8-OHdG and PARK7/DJ-1 in peri-implantitis mucosa. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:574-582. [PMID: 29787640 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species contribute to periodontal tissue homeostasis under control of anti-oxidative responses. Disruption in this balance induces severe inflammation and extended tissue degradation. PURPOSE Aim of this study was to identify the expression levels of nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2), Parkinsonism associated deglycase (PARK7/DJ-1), kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in peri-implant mucosal tissues affected by peri-implantitis, and to compare the levels to those of periodontally diseased and healthy tissue samples. METHODS Tissue biopsies were collected from systemically healthy, non-smoking 12 peri-implantitis patients, 13 periodontitis patients, and 13 periodontally healthy controls. Expression levels of NFE2L2/NRF2, PARK7/DJ-1, KEAP1, and 8-OHdG in tissue samples were analyzed immunohistochemically. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS Inflammatory cell infiltration in the connective tissue and loss of architecture in the spinous layer of the epithelium were prominent in peri-implantitis. Proportions of 8-OHdG and PARK7/DJ-1 expressing cells were elevated in both peri-implantitis (P = .025 for 8-OHdG and P = .014 for PARK7/DJ-1) and periodontitis (P = .038 for 8-OHdG and P = .012 for PARK7/DJ-1) groups in comparison with controls. Staining intensities of 8-OHdG and PARK7/DJ-1 were higher in the periodontitis and peri-implantitis groups than in the control (P < .01) groups. There was no difference in the expression levels of NFE2L2/NRF2 between the groups. KEAP1 was not observed in any tissue sample. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis is characterized by severe inflammation and architectural changes in the epithelium and connective tissue. The expressions of 8-OHdG and PARK7/DJ-1 are elevated in both peri-implantitis and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kasnak
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Firatli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vakur Olgac
- Institute of Oncology, Department of Tumor Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Ferrándiz ML, Nacher-Juan J, Alcaraz MJ. Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for rheumatic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 152:338-346. [PMID: 29660314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of cellular protective processes. Rheumatic diseases are chronic conditions characterized by inflammation, pain, tissue damage and limitations in function. Main examples are rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Their high prevalence constitutes a major health problem with an important social and economic impact. A wide range of evidence indicates that Nrf2 may control different mechanisms involved in the physiopathology of rheumatic conditions. Therefore, the appropriate expression and balance of Nrf2 is necessary for regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, immune responses, and cartilage and bone metabolism. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 deficiency aggravates the disease in experimental models while Nrf2 activation results in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. These reports reinforce the increasing interest in the pharmacologic regulation of Nrf2 and its potential applications. Nevertheless, a majority of Nrf2 inducers are electrophilic molecules which may present off-target effects. In recent years, novel strategies have been sought to modulate the Nrf2 pathway which has emerged as a therapeutic target in rheumatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Ferrándiz
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Josep Nacher-Juan
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Maria José Alcaraz
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
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24
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Gui L, Zhou J, Zhou L, Wei S. A smart copper-phthalocyanine framework nanoparticle for enhancing photodynamic therapy in hypoxic conditions by weakening cells through ATP depletion. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2078-2088. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00334c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic tumor treatment by synergistic of photodynamic therapy and ATP deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gui
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Jiahong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Lin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Shaohua Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials
- Key Laboratory of Applied Photochemistry, Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing 210023
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25
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Hernández-Ríos P, Pussinen PJ, Vernal R, Hernández M. Oxidative Stress in the Local and Systemic Events of Apical Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:869. [PMID: 29163211 PMCID: PMC5672116 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory disorders. Apical periodontitis (AP) usually results in the formation of an osteolytic apical lesion (AL) caused by the immune response to endodontic infection. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by phagocytic cells in response to bacterial challenge represent an important host defense mechanism, but disturbed redox balance results in tissue injury. This mini review focuses on the role of oxidative stress in the local and associated systemic events in chronic apical periodontitis. During endodontic infection, ligation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on phagocytes' surface triggers activation, phagocytosis, synthesis of ROS, activation of humoral and cellular responses, and production of inflammatory mediators, such as, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The increment in ROS perturbs the normal redox balance and shifts cells into a state of oxidative stress. ROS induce molecular damage and disturbed redox signaling, that result in the loss of bone homeostasis, increased pro-inflammatory mediators, and MMP overexpression and activation, leading to apical tissue breakdown. On the other hand, oxidative stress has been strongly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, where a chronic inflammatory process develops in the arterial wall. Chronic AP is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and especially atherogenesis. The potential mechanisms linking these diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Hernández-Ríos
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pirkko J Pussinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Yamaguchi Y, Kanzaki H, Katsumata Y, Itohiya K, Fukaya S, Miyamoto Y, Narimiya T, Wada S, Nakamura Y. Dimethyl fumarate inhibits osteoclasts via attenuation of reactive oxygen species signalling by augmented antioxidation. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1138-1147. [PMID: 29063666 PMCID: PMC5783833 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone destructive diseases are common worldwide and are caused by dysregulation of osteoclast formation and activation. During osteoclastogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in the intracellular signalling triggered by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) stimulation. Previously, we demonstrated that induction of antioxidant enzymes by Nrf2 activation using Nrf2-gene transfer, an ETGE-peptide or polyphenols, successfully ameliorated RANKL-dependent osteoclastogenesis. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been shown to activate Nrf2 signalling and has been lately used in clinical trials for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that Nrf2 activation by DMF would inhibit osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction via attenuation of intracellular ROS signalling through antioxidant mechanisms. RAW 264.7 cells were used as osteoclast progenitor cells. We found that DMF induced Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, augmented Nrf2 promoter-luciferase reporter activity and increased antioxidant enzyme expression. Using flow cytometry, we found that DMF attenuated RANKL-mediated intracellular ROS generation, which resulted in the inhibition of RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. Local DMF injection into the calvaria of male BALB/c mice resulted in attenuated bone destruction in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated in a preclinical setting that DMF inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction via induction of Nrf2-mediated transcription of antioxidant genes and consequent decrease in intracellular ROS levels. Our results suggest that DMF may be a promising inhibitor of bone destruction in diseases like periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kanako Itohiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sari Fukaya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miyamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
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27
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Carnosic acid attenuates RANKL-induced oxidative stress and osteoclastogenesis via induction of Nrf2 and suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signalling. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1065-1076. [PMID: 28674855 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor, which plays an important role in the cellular defense against oxidative stress by induction of anti-oxidant and cytoprotective enzymes. In the current study, we sought to investigate the osteoprotective effect of carnosic acid (CA), a phenolic (catecholic) diterpene. It is widely identified for its electrophilic nature under oxidative stress conditions and thus anticipated to counter osteoporosis by facilitation of Nrf2 signalling. Osteoclast differentiation was induced by incubation of RAW 264.7 (mouse macrophage) cells and mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in the presence of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) (100 ng/ml). After treatment, osteoclastogenesis was assessed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assay. We observed that 6 h pretreatment with CA (1.25, 2.5, 5 μM) decreased RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and abolished RANKL-induced ROS generation by activating Nrf2 and its transcriptional targets. Further, CA also inhibited RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling. RANKL-induced mRNA expression of osteoclast related genes and transcription factors was also diminished by CA. In vivo osteolysis was developed in C57BL/6 male mice using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Consistent with in vitro results, in vivo μ-CT analysis of femurs showed that bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone architecture parameters such as trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and trabecular space (Tb.Sp) were positively modulated by CA in LPS-injected mice. The results obtained in this study support that CA inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by maintaining redox homeostasis through modulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. KEY MESSAGES Carnosic acid (CA) inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. CA inhibits RANKL-induced oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2 transcriptional targets. CA attenuates RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK signalling activation. CA decreases NFATc1 and c-Fos expression. In vivo μ-CT analysis reveals that CA prevents bone loss in LPS-injected mice.
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28
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Chiu A, Saigh MA, McCulloch C, Glogauer M. The Role of NrF2 in the Regulation of Periodontal Health and Disease. J Dent Res 2017; 96:975-983. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034517715007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-related disease tolerance is an important defense strategy that facilitates the maintenance of health in organs and tissues that are commonly colonized by bacteria. Immune tolerance to dysbiotic, tooth-borne biofilms is a poorly understood yet clinically relevant concept in the immunopathological mechanisms that are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, particularly those related to neutrophil and macrophage responses. In periodontal health, neutrophils and macrophages respond to the formation of pathogenic bacterial biofilms by the production of bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, when released in excess, ROS cause tissue damage and exacerbate inflammation. To counter these destructive responses, many cell types, including neutrophils and macrophages, launch a dedicated antioxidant system that limits the cell and tissue-damaging effects of ROS. The expression of antioxidants is primarily regulated by genetic response elements in their promoters. Here we consider the roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NrF2), a transcription factor, and other key regulators of antioxidants. The concept of disease tolerance, neutrophil and macrophage-generated oxidative stress, and their relationship to the pathogenesis of periodontitis is reviewed. We focus on the regulation of NrF2 and recent evidence suggesting that NrF2 plays a central role in host protection against tissue destruction in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.V. Chiu
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M. Al Saigh
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C.A. McCulloch
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M. Glogauer
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Kanzaki H, Wada S, Narimiya T, Yamaguchi Y, Katsumata Y, Itohiya K, Fukaya S, Miyamoto Y, Nakamura Y. Pathways that Regulate ROS Scavenging Enzymes, and Their Role in Defense Against Tissue Destruction in Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:351. [PMID: 28611683 PMCID: PMC5447763 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease that affects the tissues surrounding the teeth, is a common disease worldwide. It is caused by a dysregulation of the host inflammatory response to bacterial infection, which leads to soft and hard tissue destruction. In particular, it is the excessive inflammation in response to bacterial plaque that leads to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from neutrophils, which, then play a critical role in the destruction of periodontal tissue. Generally, ROS produced from immune cells exhibit an anti-bacterial effect and play a role in host defense and immune regulation. Excessive ROS, however, can exert cytotoxic effects, cause oxidative damage to proteins, and DNA, can interfere with cell growth and cell cycle progression, and induce apoptosis of gingival fibroblasts. Collectively, these effects enable ROS to directly induce periodontal tissue damage. Some ROS also act as intracellular signaling molecules during osteoclastogenesis, and can thus also play an indirect role in bone destruction. Cells have several protective mechanisms to manage such oxidative stress, most of which involve production of cytoprotective enzymes that scavenge ROS. These enzymes are transcriptionally regulated via NRF2, Sirtuin, and FOXO. Some reports indicate an association between periodontitis and these cytoprotective enzymes' regulatory axes, with superoxide dismutase (SOD) the most extensively investigated. In this review article, we discuss the role of oxidative stress in the tissue destruction manifest in periodontitis, and the mechanisms that protect against this oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Maxillo-Oral Disorders, Tohoku University HospitalSendai, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Narimiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Kanako Itohiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Sari Fukaya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miyamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi UniversityYokohama, Japan
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30
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Kanzaki H, Shinohara F, Itohiya K, Yamaguchi Y, Katsumata Y, Matsuzawa M, Fukaya S, Miyamoto Y, Wada S, Nakamura Y. RANKL induces Bach1 nuclear import and attenuates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes, thereby augmenting intracellular reactive oxygen species signaling and osteoclastogenesis in mice. FASEB J 2016; 31:781-792. [PMID: 27836987 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600826r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in intracellular signaling during osteoclastogenesis. We previously reported that transcriptional factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and that Nrf2 negatively regulated osteoclastogenesis via antioxidant enzyme up-regulation. Knockout mice of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1)-the competitor for Nrf2 in transcriptional regulation-was known to attenuate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, although the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that RANKL could be involved in the nuclear translocation of Bach1, which would attenuate Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes, thereby augmenting intracellular ROS signaling in osteoclasts. RANKL induced Bach1 nuclear import and Nrf2 nuclear export. Induction of Bach1 nuclear export increased Nrf2 nuclear import, augmented antioxidant enzyme expression, and, thus, diminished RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis via attenuated intracellular ROS signaling. Finally, an in vivo mouse bone destruction model clearly demonstrated that induction of Bach1 nuclear export inhibited bone destruction. In this study, we report that RANKL favors osteoclastogenesis via attenuation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression by competing with Bach1 nuclear accumulation. Of importance, induction of Bach1 nuclear export activates Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzyme expression, thereby attenuating osteoclastogenesis. Bach1 nuclear export might be a therapeutic target for such bone destructive diseases as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and periodontitis.-Kanzaki, H., Shinohara, F., Itohiya, K., Yamaguchi, Y., Katsumata, Y., Matsuzawa, M., Fukaya, S., Miyamoto, Y., Wada, S., Nakamura, Y. RANKL induces Bach1 nuclear import and attenuates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes, thereby augmenting intracellular reactive oxygen species signaling and osteoclastogenesis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Maxillo-Oral Disorders, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; .,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Fumiaki Shinohara
- Oral Microbiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kanako Itohiya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Yuta Katsumata
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Masazumi Matsuzawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Sari Fukaya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Yutaka Miyamoto
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan; and
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31
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Cordycepin Prevents Bone Loss through Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis by Scavenging ROS Generation. Nutrients 2016; 8:231. [PMID: 27104563 PMCID: PMC4848699 DOI: 10.3390/nu8040231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin was previously reported to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. However, the potential role of cordycepin in bone metabolism and cell biology of osteoclasts remains unclear. In our study, we focused on the in vitro effects of cordycepin on osteoclastogenesis and its in vivo effects in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Osteoclast differentiation, formation and fusion were evaluated by Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain, focal adhesion stain and fusion assay, respectively. Osteoclastic bone resorption was evaluated by pit formation assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and removal were detected by the ROS assay. OVX mice were orally administered with 10 mg/kg of cordycepin daily for four weeks. In vitro results revealed that cordycepin inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, formation, fusion and bone resorption activity. We further proved that cordycepin treatments scavenged the generation of ROS, upregulated interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF-8) and suppressed the activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) during osteoclastogenesis. In vivo results indicated cordycepin prevents bone loss, rescues bone microarchitecture, and restores bone mineralization in OVX mice. Our observations strongly suggested that cordycepin is an efficient osteoclast inhibitor and hold potential therapeutic value in preventing bone loss among postmenopausal osteoporosis patients.
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32
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Kanzaki H, Shinohara F, Kanako I, Yamaguchi Y, Fukaya S, Miyamoto Y, Wada S, Nakamura Y. Molecular regulatory mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis through cytoprotective enzymes. Redox Biol 2016; 8:186-91. [PMID: 26795736 PMCID: PMC4732015 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, take part in osteoclast differentiation as intra-cellular signaling molecules. The current assumed signaling cascade from RANK to ROS production is RANK, TRAF6, Rac1, and then Nox. The target molecules of ROS in RANKL signaling remain unclear; however, several reports support the theory that NF-κB signaling could be the crucial downstream signaling molecule of RANKL-mediated ROS signaling. Furthermore, ROS exert cytotoxic effects such as peroxidation of lipids and phospholipids and oxidative damage to proteins and DNA. Therefore, cells have several protective mechanisms against oxidative stressors that mainly induce cytoprotective enzymes and ROS scavenging. Three well-known mechanisms regulate cytoprotective enzymes including Nrf2-, FOXO-, and sirtuin-dependent mechanisms. Several reports have indicated a crosslink between FOXO- and sirtuin-dependent regulatory mechanisms. The agonists against the regulatory mechanisms are reported to induce these cytoprotective enzymes successfully. Some of them inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone destruction via attenuation of intracellular ROS signaling. In this review article, we discuss the above topics and summarize the current information available on the relationship between cytoprotective enzymes and osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kanzaki
- Tohoku University Hospital, Maxillo-Oral Disorders, Japan; Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Shinohara
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Oral Microbiology, Japan
| | - Itohiya Kanako
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yamaguchi
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
| | - Sari Fukaya
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miyamoto
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakamura
- Department of orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Japan
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Sohn H, Ko Y, Park M, Kim D, Moon YL, Jeong YJ, Lee H, Moon Y, Jeong BC, Kim O, Lim W. Effects of light-emitting diode irradiation on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:745-55. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- HongMoon Sohn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Youngjong Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Mineon Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Young Lae Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Hyeonjun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Yeonhee Moon
- Department of Dental Hygiene; Chodang University; Jeollanam-do South Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Jeong
- Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Korea
| | - Okjoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry; Chonnam National University; Bug-Gu Gwangju Korea
| | - Wonbong Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Chosun University Hospital; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
- Department of Premedical Program, School of Medicine; Chosun University; Dong-Gu Gwangju Korea
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Kanzaki H, Shinohara F, Itohiya-Kasuya K, Ishikawa M, Nakamura Y. Nrf2 activation attenuates both orthodontic tooth movement and relapse. J Dent Res 2015; 94:787-94. [PMID: 25795629 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515577814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During orthodontic tooth movement, osteoclasts resorb the alveolar bone at the compress side of periodontium. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) works as intracellular signaling molecules of RANKL during osteoclastogenesis, although ROS has cytotoxicity against cells such as lipid oxidation. To deal with oxidative stress, cells have a defense system that is scavenging ROS by augmented antioxidative stress enzymes via transcriptional regulation with nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Previously, we reported that augmented antioxidative stress enzymes by Nrf2-gene transfer inhibited bone destruction. In the present study, we examined the effects of Nrf2 activation on osteoclastogenesis and, thereby, orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontic relapse. Mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells were used as osteoclast progenitor cells and stimulated with recombinant RANKL (100 ng/mL) with or without Nrf2 activator sulforaphane (SFN) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or ROS scavenger catechin. Osteoclastogenesis, resorption activity, and osteoclast marker gene expression were examined. Intracellular ROS was analyzed by flow cytometry. Maxillary first molars of C57BL6 male mice were moved palatally with 0.012-inch NiTi wire (100-mN force); SFN or EGCG was injected into the palatal gingiva once a week; and phosphate buffered saline was injected on the contralateral side. Tooth movement was monitored using a stone model with precise impression, and the amount of the tooth movement was compared among groups. SFN and EGCG significantly, but catechin weakly, inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Western blot analysis revealed that SFN and EGCG augmented the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of anti-oxidative stress enzymes such as HO-1, although catechin did not. SFN and EGCG significantly, but catechin weakly, attenuated the intracellular ROS. Finally, animal experiment revealed that both SFN and EGCG successfully inhibited the orthodontic tooth movement. Additionally, SFN inhibited the relapse. These results suggest that Nrf2 activation could be therapeutic target for the anchorage enforcement in orthodontic treatment and pharmacologic retention against relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kanzaki
- Tohoku University Hospital, Maxillo-oral Disorders, Sendai, Japan Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - F Shinohara
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Oral Microbiology, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Itohiya-Kasuya
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Ishikawa
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan
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