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Hu TH, Wu JC, Huang ST, Chu TH, Han AJ, Shih TW, Chang YC, Yang SM, Ko CY, Lin YW, Kung ML, Tai MH. HDGF stimulates liver tumorigenesis by enhancing reactive oxygen species generation in mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105335. [PMID: 37827291 PMCID: PMC10654039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) overexpression and uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation are involved in malignant transformation and poor prognosis in various types of cancer. However, the interplay between HDGF and ROS generation has not been elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we first analyzed the profile of HDGF expression and ROS production in newly generated orthotopic hepatomas by ultrasound-guided implantation. In situ superoxide detection showed that HDGF-overexpressing hepatomas had significantly elevated ROS levels compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Consistently, liver tissues from HDGF-deficient mice exhibited lower ROS fluorescence than those from age- and sex-matched WT mice. ROS-detecting fluorescent dyes and flow cytometry revealed that recombinant HDGF (rHDGF) stimulated the production of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and mitochondrial ROS generation in cultured hepatoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, the inactive Ser103Ala rHDGF mutant failed to promote ROS generation or oncogenic behaviors. Seahorse metabolic flux assays revealed that rHDGF dose dependently upregulated bioenergetics through enhanced basal and total oxygen consumption rate, extracellular acidification rate, and oxidative phosphorylation in hepatoma cells. Moreover, antioxidants of N-acetyl cysteine and MitoQ treatment significantly inhibited HDGF-mediated cell proliferation and invasive capacity. Genetic silencing of superoxide dismutase 2 augmented the HDGF-induced ROS generation and oncogenic behaviors of hepatoma cells. Finally, genetic knockdown nucleolin (NCL) and antibody neutralization of surface NCL, the HDGF receptor, abolished the HDGF-induced increase in ROS and mitochondrial energetics. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated for the first time that the HDGF/NCL signaling axis induces ROS generation by elevating ROS generation in mitochondria, thereby stimulating liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hui Hu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ching Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tsung Huang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Huei Chu
- Medical Laboratory, Medical Education and Research Center, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Jie Han
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Yuan Ko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Zhang SM, Fan B, Li YL, Zuo ZY, Li GY. Oxidative Stress-Involved Mitophagy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3265-3276. [PMID: 37391574 PMCID: PMC10477140 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialized and polarized epithelial cell layer that plays an important role in sustaining the structural and functional integrity of photoreceptors. However, the death of RPE is a common pathological feature in various retinal diseases, especially in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Mitophagy, as a programmed self-degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria, is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and cell survival under stress. RPE contains a high density of mitochondria necessary for it to meet energy demands, so severe stimuli can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and the excess generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can further trigger oxidative stress-involved mitophagy. In this review, we summarize the classical pathways of oxidative stress-involved mitophagy in RPE and investigate its role in the progression of retinal diseases, aiming to provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating retinal degenerative diseases. The role of mitophagy in AMD and DR. In AMD, excessive ROS production promotes mitophagy in the RPE by activating the Nrf2/p62 pathway, while in DR, ROS may suppress mitophagy by the FOXO3-PINK1/parkin signaling pathway or the TXNIP-mitochondria-lysosome-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Bin Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yu- Lin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Zuo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Guang-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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Weng SW, Wu JC, Shen FC, Chang YH, Su YJ, Lian WS, Tai MH, Su CH, Chuang JH, Lin TK, Liou CW, Chu TH, Kao YH, Wang FS, Wang PW. Chaperonin counteracts diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by aiding sirtuin 3 in the control of fatty acid oxidation. Diabetologia 2023; 66:913-930. [PMID: 36692509 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The mitochondrial chaperonin heat shock protein (HSP) 60 is indispensable in protein folding and the mitochondrial stress response; however, its role in nutrient metabolism remains uncertain. This study investigated the role of HSP60 in diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We studied human biopsies from individuals with NAFLD, murine high-fat-diet (HFD; a diet with 60% energy from fat)-induced obesity (DIO), transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing Hsp60 (Hsp60-Tg), and human HepG2 cells transfected with HSP60 cDNA or with HSP60 siRNA. Histomorphometry was used to assess hepatic steatosis, biochemistry kits were used to measure insulin resistance and glucose tolerance, and an automated home cage phenotyping system was used to assess energy expenditure. Body fat was assessed using MRI. Macrophage infiltration, the lipid oxidation marker 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and the oxidative damage marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were detected using immunohistochemistry. Intracellular lipid droplets were evaluated by Nile red staining. Expression of HSP60, and markers of lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation were quantified using RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Investigations were analysed using the two-way ANOVA test. RESULTS Decreased HSP60 expression correlated with severe steatosis in human NAFLD biopsies and murine DIO. Hsp60-Tg mice developed less body fat, had reduced serum triglyceride levels, lower levels of insulin resistance and higher serum adiponectin levels than wild-type mice upon HFD feeding. Respiratory quotient profile indicated that fat in Hsp60-Tg mice may be metabolised to meet energy demands. Hsp60-Tg mice showed amelioration of HFD-mediated hepatic steatosis, M1/M2 macrophage dysregulation, and 4-HNE and 8-OHdG overproduction. Forced HSP60 expression reduced the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, while preserving mitochondrial respiratory complex activity and enhancing fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, HSP60 knockdown enhanced intracellular lipid formation and loss of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) signalling in HepG2 cells upon incubation with palmitic acid (PA). Forced HSP60 expression improved SIRT3 signalling and repressed PA-mediated intracellular lipid formation. SIRT3 inhibition compromised HSP60-induced promotion of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα levels), while also decreasing levels of fatty acid oxidation markers. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Mitochondrial HSP60 promotes fatty acid oxidation while repressing mitochondrial stress and inflammation to ameliorate the development of NAFLD by preserving SIRT3 signalling. This study reveals the hepatoprotective effects of HSP60 and indicates that HSP60 could play a fundamental role in the development of therapeutics for NAFLD or type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wen Weng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ching Wu
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jih Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lian
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Neuroscience, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Su
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Huei Chu
- Medical Laboratory, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Medical Education and Research Center, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Wu JC, Huang CC, Wang PW, Chen TY, Hsu WM, Chuang JH, Chuang HC. ONC201 Suppresses Neuroblastoma Growth by Interrupting Mitochondrial Function and Reactivating Nuclear ATRX Expression While Decreasing MYCN. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021649. [PMID: 36675163 PMCID: PMC9867473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is characterized by several malignant phenotypes that are difficult to treat effectively without combination therapy. The therapeutic implication of mitochondrial ClpXP protease ClpP and ClpX has been verified in several malignancies, but is unknown in NB. Firstly, we observed a significant increase in ClpP and ClpX expression in immature and mature ganglion cells as compared to more malignant neuroblasts and less malignant Schwannian-stroma-dominant cell types in human neuroblastoma tissues. We used ONC201 targeting ClpXP to treat NB cells, and found a significant suppression of mitochondrial protease, i.e., ClpP and ClpX, expression and downregulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits SDHB and NDUFS1. The latter was associated with a state of energy depletion, increased reactive oxygen species, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, consequently promoting apoptosis and suppressing cell growth of NB. Treatment of NB cells with ONC201 as well as the genetic attenuation of ClpP and ClpX through specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in the significant upregulation of the tumor suppressor alpha thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) and promotion of neurite outgrowth, implicating mitochondrial ClpXP proteases in MYCN-amplified NB cell differentiation. Furthermore, ONC201 treatment significantly decreased MYCN protein expression and suppressed tumor formation with the reactivation of ATRX expression in MYCN-amplified NB-cell-derived xenograft tumors. Taken together, ONC201 could be the potential agent to provide diversified therapeutic application in NB, particularly in NB with MYCN amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ching Wu
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Biobank and Tissue Bank, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7317123 (ext. 8896); Fax: +886-7-7311696
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Chen ZN, Liu FW, Bai LP, Jin CX, Li XT, Yang WX, Zhang SH, Zhang L, Wei J, Zhou TC. Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup F confers genetic susceptibility to chronic HBV infection for the Yi nationality in Lijiang, China. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 101:105293. [PMID: 35504588 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Moreover, the findings of our previous study indicate that host mitochondrial genetic factors are associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) for the Han Chinese. However, in terms of genetic heterogeneity, the impact of mitochondria on host susceptibility to HBV infection in ethnic minorities in China remains unclear. Here, a total of 7070 subjects who had visited the hospital between June 1, 2019, and April 31, 2020, were enrolled for seroprevalence of HBV infection investigation. A total of 220 individuals with CHB (CHBs) and 223 individuals with a trace of HBV infection (spontaneously recovered subjects, SRs) were analyzed for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variations and classified into respective haplogroups. Haplogroup frequencies were compared between CHBs and SRs. Among eight nationalities, Yi nationality patients had the highest HBsAg prevalence rate (27.9% [95% CI: 25.3%-30.5%]) and the lowest vaccination rate (4.9% [95% CI: 3.7%-6.2%]). After adjustment for age and gender, haplogroup F was a risk factor for CHB infection (P = 0.049, OR = 2.079, 95% CI = 1.002-4.31), while D4 had a significant negative correlation with the HBeAg-positive rate (P = 0.024, OR = 0.215, 95% CI = 0.057-0.816). Together with our previous study, the findings indicate that different nationalities have different genetic susceptibility to HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Ning Chen
- Lijiang People's Hospital, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Feng-Wei Liu
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chao-Xian Jin
- People's Hospital of Gucheng District, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xing-Tong Li
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Yang
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Si-Hang Zhang
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Tai-Cheng Zhou
- Central Lab, Liver Disease Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China.
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Shen F, Weng S, Tsai M, Su Y, Li S, Chang S, Chen J, Chang Y, Liou C, Lin T, Chuang J, Lin C, Wang P. Mitochondrial haplogroups have a better correlation to insulin requirement than nuclear genetic variants for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwanese individuals. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:201-208. [PMID: 34255930 PMCID: PMC8756312 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Identifying diabetes-susceptible genetic variants will help to provide personalized therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported a genetic risk score (GRS), computed by the sum of nuclear DNA (nDNA) risk alleles, that may predict the future requirement for insulin therapy. Although mitochondrial dysfunction has a close association with insulin resistance (IR), there are few studies investigating whether genetic variants of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) will affect the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mitochondrial haplogroups were determined using mtDNA whole genome next generation sequencing and 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nDNA susceptibility loci of 13 genes in 604 Taiwanese subjects with type 2 diabetes. A GRS of nDNA was computed by summation of the number of risk alleles. The correlation between the mtDNA haplogroup and the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes was assessed by logistic regression analysis. The results were compared with the GRS subgroups for the risk of insulin requirement. RESULTS Mitochondrial haplogroups modulate the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes, in which patients harboring haplogroup D4, compared with those harboring non-D4 haplotypes, were less prone to require insulin treatment, after adjusting for age, gender, and diabetes duration. However, there was no association between insulin requirement and GRS calculated from nuclear genetic variants. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial haplogroups, but not nuclear genetic variants, have a better association with the insulin requirement. The results highlight the role of mitochondria in the management of common metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Chih Shen
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Shao‐Wen Weng
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Meng‐Han Tsai
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Jih Su
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Sung‐Chou Li
- Genomics & Proteomics Core LaboratoryDepartment of Medical ResearchKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Shun‐Jen Chang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure StudiesNational University of KaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Fu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Hsiang Chang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Nuclear MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Wei Liou
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Tsu‐Kung Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jiin‐Haur Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Yi Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Wen Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Nuclear MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
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Audzeyenka I, Rachubik P, Typiak M, Kulesza T, Topolewska A, Rogacka D, Angielski S, Saleem MA, Piwkowska A. Hyperglycemia alters mitochondrial respiration efficiency and mitophagy in human podocytes. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112758. [PMID: 34437881 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes constitute the outer layer of the renal glomerular filtration barrier. Their energy requirements strongly depend on efficient oxidative respiration, which is tightly connected with mitochondrial dynamics. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia modulates energy metabolism in glomeruli and podocytes and contributes to the development of diabetic kidney disease. We found that oxygen consumption rates were severely reduced in glomeruli from diabetic rats and in human podocytes that were cultured in high glucose concentration (30 mM; HG). In these models, all of the mitochondrial respiratory parameters, including basal and maximal respiration, ATP production, and spare respiratory capacity, were significantly decreased. Podocytes that were treated with HG showed a fragmented mitochondrial network, together with a decrease in expression of the mitochondrial fusion markers MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1, and an increase in the activity of the fission marker DRP1. We showed that markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as PGC-1α and TFAM, decreased in HG-treated podocytes. Moreover, PINK1/parkin-dependent mitophagy was inhibited in these cells. These results provide evidence that hyperglycemia impairs mitochondrial dynamics and turnover, which may underlie the remarkable deterioration of mitochondrial respiration parameters in glomeruli and podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Audzeyenka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Rachubik
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marlena Typiak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kulesza
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Topolewska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogacka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Stefan Angielski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Agnieszka Piwkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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8
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Jones SW, Ball AL, Chadwick AE, Alfirevic A. The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Drug Response: A Systematic Review. Front Genet 2021; 12:698825. [PMID: 34484295 PMCID: PMC8416105 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.698825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The triad of drug efficacy, toxicity and resistance underpins the risk-benefit balance of all therapeutics. The application of pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve the risk-benefit balance of a given therapeutic via the stratification of patient populations based on DNA variants. A growth in the understanding of the particulars of the mitochondrial genome, alongside the availability of techniques for its interrogation has resulted in a growing body of literature examining the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation upon drug response. Objective: To critically evaluate and summarize the available literature, across a defined period, in a systematic fashion in order to map out the current landscape of the subject area and identify how the field may continue to advance. Methods: A systematic review of the literature published between January 2009 and December 2020 was conducted using the PubMed database with the following key inclusion criteria: reference to specific mtDNA polymorphisms or haplogroups, a core objective to examine associations between mtDNA variants and drug response, and research performed using human subjects or human in vitro models. Results: Review of the literature identified 24 articles reporting an investigation of the association between mtDNA variant(s) and drug efficacy, toxicity or resistance that met the key inclusion criteria. This included 10 articles examining mtDNA variations associated with antiretroviral therapy response, 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with anticancer agent response and 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with antimicrobial agent response. The remaining articles covered a wide breadth of medications and were therefore grouped together and referred to as "other." Conclusions: Investigation of the impact of mtDNA variation upon drug response has been sporadic to-date. Collective assessment of the associations identified in the articles was inconclusive due to heterogeneous methods and outcomes, limited racial/ethnic groups, lack of replication and inadequate statistical power. There remains a high degree of idiosyncrasy in drug response and this area has the potential to explain variation in drug response in a clinical setting, therefore further research is likely to be of clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha W. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy L. Ball
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E. Chadwick
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Alfirevic
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Skeie JM, Nishimura DY, Wang CL, Schmidt GA, Aldrich BT, Greiner MA. Mitophagy: An Emerging Target in Ocular Pathology. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:22. [PMID: 33724294 PMCID: PMC7980050 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is essential for the viability of aerobic eukaryotic cells, as mitochondria provide energy through the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), regulate cellular metabolism, provide redox balancing, participate in immune signaling, and can initiate apoptosis. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that participate in a cyclical and ongoing process of regeneration and autophagy (clearance), termed mitophagy specifically for mitochondrial (macro)autophagy. An imbalance in mitochondrial function toward mitochondrial dysfunction can be catastrophic for cells and has been characterized in several common ophthalmic diseases. In this article, we review mitochondrial homeostasis in detail, focusing on the balance of mitochondrial dynamics including the processes of fission and fusion, and provide a description of the mechanisms involved in mitophagy. Furthermore, this article reviews investigations of ocular diseases with impaired mitophagy, including Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, primary open-angle glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, as well as several primary mitochondrial diseases with ocular phenotypes that display impaired mitophagy, including mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis stroke, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. The results of various studies using cell culture, animal, and human tissue models are presented and reflect a growing awareness of mitophagy impairment as an important feature of ophthalmic disease pathology. As this review indicates, it is imperative that mitophagy be investigated as a targetable mechanism in developing therapies for ocular diseases characterized by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Skeie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, Iowa, United States
| | - Darryl Y. Nishimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, Iowa, United States
| | - Cheryl L. Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | | | - Benjamin T. Aldrich
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, Iowa, United States
| | - Mark A. Greiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
- Iowa Lions Eye Bank, Coralville, Iowa, United States
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10
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Alwehaidah MS, Bakhiet M, AlFadhli S. Mitochondrial Haplogroup Reveals the Genetic Basis of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Comorbidity in Psoriasis. Med Princ Pract 2021; 30:62-68. [PMID: 32629455 PMCID: PMC7923845 DOI: 10.1159/000509937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Published data show a clear link between psoriasis (Ps) and the increasing prevalence of comorbid conditions, such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). The role of the mitochondrial genomic haplogroup in the potential coexistence of Ps and DM2 comorbidity is the subject of this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-eight Kuwaiti individuals were recruited in 4 cohorts (20 healthy controls, 15 with DM2, 34 with Ps, and 29 with Ps and diabetes mellitus). An Ion Torrent S5XL was used to sequence mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). χ2 test was used to assess differences in the distribution of each haplogroup between cases and controls (p < 0.05). The Bonferroni correction was applied (p < 0.004). The mtDNA haplogroups were analyzed by HaploGrep. RESULTS Haplogroups R0, U, J, T, N, L3, M, H, X, HV, R, and K were detected in the studied population. Haplogroup M had a high risk for Ps (odds ratio (OR) 4.0, p = 0.003). Haplogroup R0 and J had decreased the risk of DM2 (OR 0.28, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that mtDNA haplogroups have a potential contribution to the pathogenesis of Ps and DM2 comorbidity. We show for the first time that the comorbidity of diabetes in Ps may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Materah Salem Alwehaidah
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Sulaibekhat, Kuwait,
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medical and Medicine Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Suad AlFadhli
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health, Kuwait University, Sulaibekhat, Kuwait
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11
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Sun D, Yao S, Wu F, Deng W, Ma Y, Jin L, Wang J, Wang X. Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup M7 Confers Disability in a Chinese Aging Population. Front Genet 2020; 11:577795. [PMID: 33193696 PMCID: PMC7645148 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.577795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been associated with functional impairments (i.e., decreased gait speed and grip strength, frailty), which are risk factors of disability. However, the association between mtDNA haplogroups and ADL disability is still unclear. In this study, we conducted an investigation of 25 mtSNPs defining 17 major mtDNA haplogroups for ADL disability in an aging Chinese population. We found that mtDNA haplogroup M7 was associated with an increased risk of disability (OR = 3.18 [95% CI = 1.29-7.83], P = 0.012). The survival rate of the M7 haplogroup group (6.1%) was lower than that of the non-M7 haplogroup group (9.5%) after a 6-year follow-up. In cellular studies, cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cells with the M7 haplogroup showed distinct mitochondrial functions from the M8 haplogroup. Specifically, the respiratory chain complex capacity was significantly lower in M7 haplogroup cybrids than in M8 haplogroup cybrids. Furthermore, an obvious decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and 40% reduced ATP-linked oxygen consumption were found in M7 haplogroup cybrids compared to M8 haplogroup cybrids. Notably, M7 haplogroup cybrids generated more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than M8 haplogroup cybrids. Therefore, the M7 haplogroup may contribute to the risk of disability via altering mitochondrial function to some extent, leading to decreased oxygen consumption, but increased ROS production, which may activate mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways to impair cellular and tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayan Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Six-sector Industrial Research Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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McKay DM, Mancini NL, Shearer J, Shutt T. Perturbed mitochondrial dynamics, an emerging aspect of epithelial-microbe interactions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G748-G762. [PMID: 32116020 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00031.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria exist in a complex network that is constantly remodeling via the processes of fission and fusion in response to intracellular conditions and extracellular stimuli. Excessive fragmentation of the mitochondrial network because of an imbalance between fission and fusion reduces the cells' capacity to generate ATP and can be a forerunner to cell death. Given the critical roles mitochondria play in cellular homeostasis and innate immunity, it is not surprising that many microbial pathogens can disrupt mitochondrial activity. Here we note the putative contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to gut disease and review data showing that infection with microbial pathogens can alter the balance between mitochondrial fragmentation and fusion, preventing normal remodeling (i.e., dynamics) and can lead to cell death. Current data indicate that infection of epithelia or macrophages with microbial pathogens will ultimately result in excessive fragmentation of the mitochondrial network. Concerted research efforts are required to elucidate fully the processes that regulate mitochondrial dynamics, the mechanisms by which microbes affect epithelial mitochondrial fission and/or fusion, and the implications of this for susceptibility to infectious disease. We speculate that the commensal microbiome of the gut may be important for normal epithelial mitochondrial form and function. Drugs designed to counteract the effect of microbial pathogen interference with mitochondrial dynamics may be a new approach to infectious disease at mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group (GIRG) and Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Joan and Phoebe Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole L Mancini
- Gastrointestinal Research Group (GIRG) and Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Joan and Phoebe Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Timothy Shutt
- Department of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Goldstein AS, Janson BJ, Skeie JM, Ling JJ, Greiner MA. The effects of diabetes mellitus on the corneal endothelium: A review. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 65:438-450. [PMID: 31926185 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The corneal endothelium plays a critical role in maintaining corneal clarity. There is an expected decline in cell density with age and disease, and maintaining the health of this cell layer is important as corneal endothelial cells generally are amitotic in vivo. Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent disease that damages the corneal endothelium. Diabetes causes structural and functional impairments in the corneal endothelium that decrease cellular reserve in response to stress. These effects have implications to consider for diabetic patients undergoing anterior segment surgery, and for corneal surgeons who use diabetic donor tissue and treat diabetic patients. In this review, we discuss the specifics of how diabetes mellitus impacts the corneal endothelium including alterations in cell morphology, cell density, ultrastructure, pump and barrier function, cataract surgery outcomes, and corneal transplant outcomes with attention to the use of diabetic donor tissue and diabetic transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Goldstein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ben J Janson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jessica M Skeie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jennifer J Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark A Greiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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14
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Chang YH, Lin HY, Shen FC, Su YJ, Chuang JH, Lin TK, Liou CW, Lin CY, Weng SW, Wang PW. The Causal Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Regulating Innate Immunity in Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:445. [PMID: 32849261 PMCID: PMC7403198 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Plenty of evidence suggested that chronic low-grade inflammation triggered by innate immunity activation contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using the trans-mitochondrial cybrid cell model, we have demonstrated that mitochondria independently take part in the pathological process of insulin resistance (IR) and pro-inflammatory phenotype in cybrid cells harboring mitochondrial haplogroup B4, which are more likely to develop T2D. The mitochondrial network is more fragmented, and the expression of fusion-related proteins is low in Cybrid B4. We also discovered the causal role of mitochondrial dynamics (mtDYN) proteins in regulating IR in this cybrid model, and the bidirectional interaction between mtDYN and mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered etiologically important. In this study, we further investigated whether mtDYN bridges the gap between nutrient excess and chronic inflammation in T2D. Methods: Trans-mitochondrial cybrid cells derived from the 143B human osteosarcoma cell line were cultured in a medium containing glucose (25 mM) with or without saturated fatty acid (0.25 mM BSA-conjugated palmitate), and the expression of innate immunity/inflammasome molecules was compared between cybrid B4 (the major T2D-susceptible haplogroup among the Chinese population) and cybrid D4 (the major T2D-resistant haplogroup among the Chinese population). We investigated the causal relationship between mtDYN and nutrient excess-induced inflammation in cybrid B4 by genetic manipulation of mtDYN and by pharmacologically inhibiting mitochondrial fission using the Drp1 inhibitor, mdivi-1, and metformin. Results: Under nutrient excess with high fatty acid, cybrid B4 presented increased mitochondrial pro-fission profiles and enhanced chronic inflammation markers (RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS) and inflammasome (NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β), whereas the levels in cybrid D4 were not or less significantly altered. In cybrid B4 under nutrient excess, overexpression of fusion proteins (Mfn1 or Mfn2) significantly repressed the expression of innate immunity/inflammasome-related molecules, while knockdown had a less significant effect. On the contrary, knockdown of fission proteins (Drp1 or Fis1) significantly repressed the expression of innate immunity/inflammasome-related molecules, while overexpression had a less significant effect. In addition, Drp1 inhibitor mdivi-1 and metformin inhibited mitochondrial fission and attenuated the pro-inflammation expression as well. Conclusion: Our results discovered the causal relationship between mtDYN and nutrient excess-induced chronic inflammation in a diabetes-susceptible cell model. Targeting mtDYN by direct interfering pro-fission can be a therapeutic intervention for chronic inflammation in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Shen
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jih Su
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Weng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pei-Wen Wang
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15
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Abstract
Mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation are now recognized as important factors in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Mitochondria are the energy powerhouses of the cell, and also regulate different processes involved in the pathogenesis of OA including inflammation, apoptosis, calcium metabolism and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Mitochondria contain their own genetic material, mtDNA, which evolved through the sequential accumulation of mtDNA variants to enable humans to adapt to different climates. The ROS and reactive metabolic intermediates that are by-products of mitochondrial metabolism are regulated in part by mtDNA and are among the signals that transmit information between mitochondria and the nucleus. These signals can alter nuclear gene expression and, when disrupted, affect a number of cellular processes and metabolic pathways, leading to disease. mtDNA variation influences OA-associated phenotypes, including those related to metabolism, inflammation and even ageing, as well as nuclear epigenetic regulation. This influence also enables the use of specific mtDNA haplogroups as complementary diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of OA.
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16
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Vicencio F, Jiménez P, Huerta F, Cofré-Bolados C, Gutiérrez Zamorano S, Garcia-Diaz DF, Rodrigo R, Poblete-Aro C. Effects of physical exercise on oxidative stress biomarkers in hypertensive animals and non-diabetic subjects with prehypertension/hypertension: a review. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Rhodoptilometrin, a Crinoid-Derived Anthraquinone, Induces Cell Regeneration by Promoting Wound Healing and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030138. [PMID: 30818790 PMCID: PMC6470796 DOI: 10.3390/md17030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival recession (GR) potentially leads to the exposure of tooth root to the oral cavity microenvironment and increases susceptibility to dental caries, dentin hypersensitivity, and other dental diseases. Even though many etiological factors were reported, the specific mechanism of GR is yet to be elucidated. Given the species richness concerning marine biodiversity, it could be a treasure trove for drug discovery. In this study, we demonstrate the effects of a marine compound, (+)-rhodoptilometrin from crinoid, on gingival cell migration, wound healing, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Experimental results showed that (+)-rhodoptilometrin can significantly increase wound healing, migration, and proliferation of human gingival fibroblast cells, and it does not have effects on oral mucosa fibroblast cells. In addition, (+)-rhodoptilometrin increases the gene and protein expression levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), fibronectin, and type I collagen, changes the intracellular distribution of FAK and F-actin, and increases OXPHOS and the expression levels of complexes I~V in the mitochondria. Based on our results, we believe that (+)-rhodoptilometrin might increase FAK expression and promote mitochondrial function to affect cell migration and promote gingival regeneration. Therefore, (+)-rhodoptilometrin may be a promising therapeutic agent for GR.
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18
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The Causal Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Regulating Insulin Resistance in Diabetes: Link through Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7514383. [PMID: 30363990 PMCID: PMC6186363 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7514383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dynamics (mtDYN) has been proposed as a bridge between mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR), which is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our previous study has identified that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup B4 is a T2D-susceptible genotype. Using transmitochondrial cybrid model, we have confirmed that haplogroup B4 contributes to cellular IR as well as a profission mtDYN, which can be reversed by antioxidant treatment. However, the causal relationship between mtDYN and cellular IR pertaining to T2D-susceptible haplogroup B4 remains unanswered. Methods To dissect the mechanisms between mtDYN and IR, knockdown or overexpression of MFN1, MFN2, DRP1, and FIS1 was performed using cybrid B4. We then examined the mitochondrial network and mitochondrial oxidative stress (mtROS) as well as insulin signaling IRS-AKT pathway and glucose transporters (GLUT) translocation to plasma membrane stimulated by insulin. We employed Drp1 inhibitor, mdivi-1, to interfere with endogenous expression of fission to validate the pharmacological effects on IR. Results Overexpression of MFN1 or MFN2 increased mitochondrial network and reduced mtROS, while knockdown had an opposing effect. In contrast, overexpression of DRP1 or FIS1 decreased mitochondrial network and increased mtROS, while knockdown had an opposing effect. Concomitant with the enhanced mitochondrial network, activation of the IRS1-AKT pathway and GLUT translocation stimulated by insulin were improved. On the contrary, suppression of mitochondrial network caused a reduction of the IRS1-AKT pathway and GLUT translocation stimulated by insulin. Pharmacologically inhibiting mitochondrial fission by the Drp1 inhibitor, mdivi-1, also rescued mitochondrial network, reduced mtROS, and improved insulin signaling of diabetes-susceptible cybrid cells. Conclusion Our results discovered the causal role of mtDYN proteins in regulating IR resulted from diabetes-susceptible mitochondrial haplogroup. The existence of a bidirectional interaction between mtDYN and mtROS plays an important role. Direct intervention to reverse profission in mtDYN provides a novel therapeutic strategy for IR and T2D.
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19
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Fang H, Hu N, Zhao Q, Wang B, Zhou H, Fu Q, Shen L, Chen X, Shen F, Lyu J. mtDNA Haplogroup N9a Increases the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes by Altering Mitochondrial Function and Intracellular Mitochondrial Signals. Diabetes 2018; 67:1441-1453. [PMID: 29735607 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, their underlying role in T2D remains poorly elucidated. Here, we report that mtDNA haplogroup N9a was associated with an increased risk of T2D occurrence in Southern China (odds ratio 1.999 [95% CI 1.229-3.251], P = 0.005). By using transmitochondrial technology, we demonstrated that the activity of respiratory chain complexes was lower in the case of mtDNA haplogroup N9a (N9a1 and N9a10a) than in three non-N9a haplogroups (D4j, G3a2, and Y1) and that this could lead to alterations in mitochondrial function and mitochondrial redox status. Transcriptome analysis revealed that OXPHOS function and metabolic regulation differed markedly between N9a and non-N9a cybrids. Furthermore, in N9a cybrids, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake might be inhibited at least partially through enhanced stimulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and subsequent TLR4 activation, which was found to be mediated by the elevated redox status in N9a cybrids. Although it remains unclear whether other signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt pathway) contribute to the T2D susceptibility of haplogroup N9a, our data indicate that in the case of mtDNA haplogroup N9a, T2D is affected, at least partially through ERK1/2 overstimulation and subsequent TLR4 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nianqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongya Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaibin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingzi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ma L, Fu Q, Xu B, Zhou H, Gao J, Shao X, Xiong J, Gu Q, Wen S, Li F, Shen L, Chen G, Fang H, Lyu J. Breast cancer-associated mitochondrial DNA haplogroup promotes neoplastic growth via ROS-mediated AKT activation. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1786-1796. [PMID: 29226320 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been associated with the occurrence of breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. Combining a case-control study with a large cohort of women from Southern China with breast cancer and functional analyses with trans-mitochondrial technology, we demonstrate that the D5 haplogroup is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.789; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.318, 5.901]; p = 0.007]. Furthermore, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial ATP content and membrane potential, were lower in both bone osteosarcoma and breast cancer cell models of cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) containing the mtDNA D5 haplogroup than in those with non-D5 haplogroups. Using in vitro and in vivo tumorigenicity assays, we found that cells with the D5 haplogroup were more susceptible to tumorigenesis compared to cells with non-D5 haplogroups. Mechanistically, the D5 haplogroup may promote tumorigenesis at least partially through activation of the v-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT) via phosphorylation of threonine 308, which is mediated by increased reactive oxygen species generation in D5 cybrids. Our findings demonstrate that there is decreased mitochondrial function in cells with the D5 haplogroup compared to cells with non-D5 haplogroups, which may be associated with increased neoplastic growth in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qingzi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaibin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Shao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingting Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianru Gu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shumeng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guorong Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hezhi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Generation and Bioenergetic Profiles of Cybrids with East Asian mtDNA Haplogroups. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1062314. [PMID: 29093766 PMCID: PMC5637837 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1062314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and haplogroups may contribute to susceptibility to various diseases and pathological conditions, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. To address this issue, we established a cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) system to investigate the role of mtDNA haplogroups in human disease; specifically, we examined the effects of East Asian mtDNA genetic backgrounds on oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). We found that mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms such as m.489T>C, m.10398A>G, m.10400C>T, m.C16223T, and m.T16362C affected mitochondrial function at the level of mtDNA, mtRNA, or the OxPhos complex. Macrohaplogroup M exhibited higher respiratory activity than haplogroup N owing to its higher mtDNA content, mtRNA transcript levels, and complex III abundance. Additionally, haplogroup M had higher reactive oxygen species levels and NAD+/NADH ratios than haplogroup N, suggesting difference in mitonuclear interactions. Notably, subhaplogroups G2, B4, and F1 appeared to contribute significantly to the differences between haplogroups M and N. Thus, our cybrid-based system can provide insight into the mechanistic basis for the role of mtDNA haplogroups in human diseases and the effect of mtDNA variants on mitochondrial OxPhos function. In addition, studies of mitonuclear interaction using this system can reveal predisposition to certain diseases conferred by variations in mtDNA.
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Zhang Z, Wang HH, Yu HJ, Xiong YZ, Zhang HT, Ji LN, Liu HY. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo photodynamic activities of a gallium(iii) tris(ethoxycarbonyl)corrole. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:9481-9490. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A gallium(iii) tris(ethoxycarbonyl)corrole is a highly effective photosensitizer against A549 cancer cells via p38 MAPK signaling cascade pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jun Yu
- Guangdong Medical University Laboratory Animal Center
- Guang Dong Medical University
- Zhanjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhen Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Guang Dong Medical University
- Zhanjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Guang Dong Medical University
- Zhanjiang
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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