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Perecko T, Pereckova J, Hoferova Z, Falk M. Cell-type specific anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid and its combination with gamma irradiation. Biol Chem 2024; 405:177-187. [PMID: 37712609 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenous lipid mediators capable of post-translational modifications of selected regulatory proteins. Here, we investigated the anti-cancerous effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2OA) and its combination with gamma irradiation on different cancer cell lines. The effects of NO2OA on cell death, cell cycle distribution, or expression of p21 and cyclin D1 proteins were analyzed in cancer (A-549, HT-29 and FaDu) or normal cell lines (HGF, HFF-1). Dose enhancement ratio at 50 % survival fraction (DERIC50) was calculated for samples pre-treated with NO2OA followed by gamma irradiation. NO2OA suppressed viability and induced apoptotic cell death. These effects were cell line specific but not in general selective for cancer cells. HT-29 cell line exerted higher sensitivity toward NO2OA treatment among cancer cell lines tested: induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase was associated with an increase in p21 and a decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with NO2OA prior irradiation showed a significantly increased DERIC50, demonstrating radiosensitizing effects. In conclusion, NO2OA exhibited potential for combined chemoradiotherapy. Our results encourage the development of new NFAs with improved features for cancer chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Perecko
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pereckova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hoferova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Fraga CG, Trostchansky A, Rocha BS, Laranjinha J, Rubbo H, Galleano M. (Poly)phenols and nitrolipids: Relevant participants in nitric oxide metabolism. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101158. [PMID: 36517273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (•NO) is an essential molecule able to control and regulate many biological functions. Additionally, •NO bears a potential toxicity or damaging effects under conditions of uncontrolled production, and because of its participation in redox-sensitive pathways and oxidizing reactions. Several plant (poly)phenols present in the diet are able to regulate the enzymes producing •NO (NOSs). In addition, (poly)phenols are implicated in defining •NO bioavailability, especially by regulating NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and the subsequent generation of superoxide and •NO depletion. Nitrolipids are compounds that are present in animal tissues because of dietary consumption, e.g. of olive oil, and/or as result of endogenous production. This endogenous production of nitrolipids is dependent on the nitrate/nitrite presence in the diet. Select nitrolipids, e.g. the nitroalkenes, are able to exert •NO-like signaling actions, and act as •NO reservoirs, becoming relevant for systemic •NO bioavailability. Furthermore, the presence of (poly)phenols in the stomach reduces dietary nitrite to •NO favoring nitrolipids formation. In this review we focus on the capacity of molecules representing these two groups of bioactives, i.e. (poly)phenols and nitrolipids, as relevant participants in •NO metabolism and bioavailability. This participation acquires especial relevance when human homeostasis is lost, for example under inflammatory conditions, in which the protective actions of (poly)phenols and/or nitrolipids have been associated with local and systemic •NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- César G Fraga
- Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular-Dr. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Barbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Monica Galleano
- Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular-Dr. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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3
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Nitro-oleic acid regulates T cell activation through post-translational modification of calcineurin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2208924120. [PMID: 36652486 PMCID: PMC9942794 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208924120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are unsaturated fatty acid nitration products that exhibit anti-inflammatory actions in experimental mouse models of autoimmune and allergic diseases. These electrophilic molecules interfere with intracellular signaling pathways by reversible post-translational modification of nucleophilic amino-acid residues. Several regulatory proteins have been identified as targets of NO2-FAs, modifying their activity and promoting gene expression changes that result in anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we report the effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) on pro-inflammatory T cell functions, showing that 9- and 10-NOA, but not their oleic acid precursor, decrease T cell proliferation, expression of activation markers CD25 and CD71 on the plasma membrane, and IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ cytokine gene expressions. Moreover, we have found that NO2-OA inhibits the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and that this inhibition takes place through the regulation of the phosphatase activity of calcineurin (CaN), hindering NFAT dephosphorylation, and nuclear translocation in activated T cells. Finally, using mass spectrometry-based approaches, we have found that NO2-OA nitroalkylates CaNA on four Cys (Cys129, 228, 266, and 372), of which only nitroalkylation on Cys372 was of importance for the regulation of CaN phosphatase activity in cells, disturbing functional CaNA/CaNB heterodimer formation. These results provide evidence for an additional mechanism by which NO2-FAs exert their anti-inflammatory actions, pointing to their potential as therapeutic bioactive lipids for the modulation of harmful T cell-mediated immune responses.
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Perecko T, Hoferova Z, Hofer M, Pereckova J, Falk M. Administration of nitro-oleic acid mitigates radiation-induced hematopoietic injury in mice. Life Sci 2022; 310:121106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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de Faro Silva R, Barreto AS, Trindade GDGG, Lima CM, Araújo AADS, Menezes IRA, Candido EAF, Santana ÉTN, Silva-Júnior WM, Quintans JSS, Coutinho HDM, Kim B, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Enhancement of the functionality of women with knee osteoarthritis by a gel formulation with Caryocar coriaceum Wittm ("Pequi") nanoencapsulated pulp fixed oil. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112938. [PMID: 35413602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that occurs when there is a change in the mechanical and biological properties of the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone; The condition is more prevalent in women than in men. Pequi oil (PO), which is extracted from the fruits of the pequi tree (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm), is widely used in traditional medicine in the Brazilian northeast for the management of inflammation and joint pain. The aim of this study was to develop a pharmaceutical formulation containing Carbopol® hydrogel nanoencapsulated with pequi pulp fixed oil (PeONC) and evaluate its therapeutic effect on functionality and pain in women with knee osteoarthritis. The study was divided into two stages: Stage 1 - preparation and physico-chemical characterization of the pharmaceutical formulation containing PeONC, cell viability assays and skin irritability testing. Step 2 - A double-blind randomized clinical trial evaluating knee symptoms, quality of life, pressure pain, function, muscle strength and range of motion. The nanoformulation was in a gel form, with a particle size of 209.5 ± 1.06 nm, a pH of 6.23 ± 0.45, a zeta potential of - 23.1 ± 0.4 mV, a polydispersity index of 0.137 ± 0.52, and containing nanocapsules with a spherical shape a polymeric wall and an oily nucleus. The gel showed no cytotoxicity and was not irritating to human skin. The treatment with PeONC increased the strength of the knee flexor and extensor muscles and the total motion range of the knee. In addition, the treatment reduced knee instability, pain, swelling, and locking; There was also an improvement in some items of the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire such as in respect of functional capacity and social aspects. In conclusion, PeONC was found to be a stable, safe formulation with no toxicity in respect of topical use in humans. Additionally, the treatment produced an increase in muscle strength and functionality that was associated with reduced knee symptoms and improved quality of life. Our findings showed that in a group of women treated with PeONC mitigated the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Faro Silva
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - André Sales Barreto
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela das Graças Gomes Trindade
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Cláudio Moreira Lima
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Adriano Antunes de Souza Araújo
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 63.105000 Crato, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Érika Thatyana Nascimento Santana
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Walderi Monteiro Silva-Júnior
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Jullyana Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 63.105000 Crato, CE, Brazil.
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
| | - Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior
- Postgraduate in Health Sciences (PPGCS). Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) and Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Assays and Toxicity (LEFT), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49.100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
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Sun W, Li P, Cai J, Ma J, Zhang X, Song Y, Liu Y. Lipid Metabolism: Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Prospectives in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:860586. [PMID: 35371016 PMCID: PMC8971568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.860586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the production of abnormal autoantibodies and immune complexes that can affect the organ and organ systems, particularly the kidneys and the cardiovascular system. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulated lipid metabolism, especially in key effector cells, such as T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells, exerts complex effects on the pathogenesis and progression of SLE. Beyond their important roles as membrane components and energy storage, different lipids can also modulate different cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In this review, we summarize altered lipid metabolism and the associated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE. Furthermore, we discuss the recent progress in the role of lipid metabolism as a potential therapeutic target in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengchong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontolog, Beijing, China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yudong Liu, ; Yong Song,
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontolog, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yudong Liu, ; Yong Song,
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Fatty acid nitroalkene reversal of established lung fibrosis. Redox Biol 2021; 50:102226. [PMID: 35150970 PMCID: PMC8844680 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis occurs in response to dysregulated metabolism, pro-inflammatory signaling and tissue repair reactions. For example, lungs exposed to environmental toxins, cancer therapies, chronic inflammation and other stimuli manifest a phenotypic shift to activated myofibroblasts and progressive and often irreversible lung tissue scarring. There are no therapies that stop or reverse fibrosis. The 2 FDA-approved anti-fibrotic drugs at best only slow the progression of fibrosis in humans. The present study was designed to test whether a small molecule electrophilic nitroalkene, nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), could reverse established pulmonary fibrosis induced by the intratracheal administration of bleomycin in C57BL/6 mice. After 14 d of bleomycin-induced fibrosis development in vivo, lungs were removed, sectioned and precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from control and bleomycin-treated mice were cultured ex vivo for 4 d with either vehicle or NO2-OA (5 μM). Biochemical and morphological analyses showed that over a 4 d time frame, NO2-OA significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory mediator and growth factor expression and reversed key indices of fibrosis (hydroxyproline, collagen 1A1 and 3A1, fibronectin-1). Quantitative image analysis of PCLS immunohistology reinforced these observations, revealing that NO2-OA suppressed additional hallmarks of the fibrotic response, including alveolar epithelial cell loss, myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation, collagen and α-smooth muscle actin expression. NO2-OA also accelerated collagen degradation by resident macrophages. These effects occurred in the absence of the recognized NO2-OA modulation of circulating and migrating immune cell activation. Thus, small molecule nitroalkenes may be useful agents for reversing pathogenic fibrosis of lung and other organs. Small molecule electrophiles, pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drugs. NO2-OA inhibits activated myofibroblasts, induces dedifferentiation to fibroblasts. NO2-OA activates extracellular matrix degradation by macrophages. NO2-OA promotes proliferation of alveolar type 1 and 2 epithelial cells. NO2-OA reverses established lung fibrosis in murine lung slices.
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Zhao Y, Chang Z, Zhao G, Lu H, Xiong W, Liang W, Wang H, Villacorta L, Garcia-Barrio MT, Zhu T, Guo Y, Fan Y, Chang L, Schopfer FJ, Freeman BA, Zhang J, Chen YE. Suppression of Vascular Macrophage Activation by Nitro-Oleic Acid and its Implication for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Therapy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:939-951. [PMID: 32671602 PMCID: PMC7855321 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is one of the leading causes of death in the developed world and is currently undertreated due to the complicated nature of the disease. Herein, we aimed to address the therapeutic potential of a novel class of pleiotropic mediators, specifically a new drug candidate, nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), on AAA, in a well-characterized murine AAA model. METHODS We generated AAA using a mouse model combining AAV.PCSK9-D377Y induced hypercholesterolemia with angiotensin II given by chronic infusion. Vehicle control (PEG-400), oleic acid (OA), or NO2-OA were subcutaneously delivered to mice using an osmotic minipump. We characterized the effects of NO2-OA on pathophysiological responses and dissected the underlying molecular mechanisms through various in vitro and ex vivo strategies. RESULTS Subcutaneous administration of NO2-OA significantly decreased the AAA incidence (8/28 mice) and supra-renal aorta diameters compared to mice infused with either PEG-400 (13/19, p = 0.0117) or OA (16/23, p = 0.0078). In parallel, the infusion of NO2-OA in the AAA model drastically decreased extracellular matrix degradation, inflammatory cytokine levels, and leucocyte/macrophage infiltration in the vasculature. Administration of NO2-OA reduced inflammation, cytokine secretion, and cell migration triggered by various biological stimuli in primary and macrophage cell lines partially through activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ). Moreover, the protective effect of NO2-OA relies on the inhibition of macrophage prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced PGE2 receptor 4 (EP4) cAMP signaling, known to participate in the development of AAA. CONCLUSION Administration of NO2-OA protects against AAA formation and multifactorial macrophage activation. With NO2-OA currently undergoing FDA approved phase II clinical trials, these findings may expedite the use of this nitro-fatty acid for AAA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ziyi Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Central South University Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Wenhao Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenying Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Huilun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Luis Villacorta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Tianqing Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Nitroalkene fatty acids modulate bile acid metabolism and lung function in obese asthma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17788. [PMID: 34493738 PMCID: PMC8423735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acid profiles are altered in obese individuals with asthma. Thus, we sought to better understand how obesity-related systemic changes contribute to lung pathophysiology. We also test the therapeutic potential of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), a regulator of metabolic and inflammatory signaling pathways, to mitigate allergen and obesity-induced lung function decline in a murine model of asthma. Bile acids were measured in the plasma of healthy subjects and individuals with asthma and serum and lung tissue of mice with and without allergic airway disease (AAD). Lung function, indices of inflammation and hepatic bile acid enzyme expression were measured in obese mice with house dust mite-induced AAD treated with vehicle or NO2-OA. Serum levels of glycocholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid clinically correlate with body mass index and airway hyperreactivity whereas murine levels of β-muricholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid were significantly increased and positively correlated with impaired lung function in obese mice with AAD. NO2-OA reduced murine bile acid levels by modulating hepatic expression of bile acid synthesis enzymes, with a concomitant reduction in small airway resistance and tissue elastance. Bile acids correlate to body mass index and lung function decline and the signaling actions of nitroalkenes can limit AAD by modulating bile acid metabolism, revealing a potential pharmacologic approach to improving the current standard of care.
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10
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Hidalgo MA, Carretta MD, Burgos RA. Long Chain Fatty Acids as Modulators of Immune Cells Function: Contribution of FFA1 and FFA4 Receptors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:668330. [PMID: 34276398 PMCID: PMC8280355 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.668330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids are molecules that act as metabolic intermediates and constituents of membranes; however, their novel role as signaling molecules in immune function has also been demonstrated. The presence of free fatty acid (FFA) receptors on immune cells has contributed to the understanding of this new role of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in immune function, showing their role as anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory molecules and elucidating their intracellular mechanisms. The FFA1 and FFA4 receptors, also known as GPR40 and GPR120, respectively, have been described in macrophages and neutrophils, two key cells mediating innate immune response. Ligands of the FFA1 and FFA4 receptors induce the release of a myriad of cytokines through well-defined intracellular signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the cellular responses and intracellular mechanisms activated by LCFAs, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in T-cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, as well as the role of the FFA1 and FFA4 receptors in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Maria D Carretta
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Rafael A Burgos
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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11
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Fatty acid nitroalkenes inhibit the inflammatory response to bleomycin-mediated lung injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 407:115236. [PMID: 32931793 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid nitroalkenes are reversibly-reactive electrophiles, endogenously detectable at nM concentrations, displaying anti-inflammatory actions. Nitroalkenes like 9- or 10-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid (e.g. nitro-oleic acid, OA-NO2) pleiotropically suppress cardiovascular inflammatory responses, with pulmonary responses less well defined. C57BL/6 J male mice were intratracheally administered bleomycin (3 U/kg, ITB), to induce pulmonary inflammation and acute injury, or saline and were treated with 50 μL OA-NO2 (50 μg) or vehicle in the same instillation and 72 h post-exposure to assess anti-inflammatory properties. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissue were collected 7d later. ITB mice lost body weight, with OA-NO2 mitigating this loss (-2.3 ± 0.94 vs -0.4 ± 0.83 g). Histology revealed ITB induced cellular infiltration, proteinaceous debris deposition, and tissue injury, all significantly reduced by OA-NO2. Flow cytometry analysis of BAL demonstrated loss of Siglec F+/F4/80+/CD45+ alveolar macrophages with ITB (89 ± 3.5 vs 30 ± 3.7%). Analysis of CD11b/CD11c expressing cells showed ITB-induced non-resident macrophage infiltration (4 ± 2.3 vs 43 ± 2.4%) was decreased by OA-NO2 (24 ± 2.4%). Additionally, OA-NO2 attenuated increases in mature, activated interstitial macrophages (23 ± 4.8 vs. 43 ± 5.4%) in lung tissue digests. Flow analysis of CD31-/CD45-/Sca-1+ mesenchymal cells revealed ITB increased CD44+ populations (1 ± 0.4 vs 4 ± 0.4MFI), significantly reduced by OA-NO2 (3 ± 0.4MFI). Single cell analysis of mesenchymal cells by western blotting showed profibrotic ZEB1 protein expression induced by ITB. Lung digest CD45+ cells revealed ITB increased HMGB1+ cells, with OA-NO2 suppressing this response. Inhibition of HMGB1 expression correlated with increased basal phospholipid production and SP-B expression in the lung lining. These findings indicate OA-NO2 inhibits ITB-induced pro-inflammatory responses by modulating resident cell function.
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Mata-Pérez C, Padilla MN, Sánchez-Calvo B, Begara-Morales JC, Valderrama R, Chaki M, Aranda-Caño L, Moreno-González D, Molina-Díaz A, Barroso JB. Endogenous Biosynthesis of S-Nitrosoglutathione From Nitro-Fatty Acids in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:962. [PMID: 32714353 PMCID: PMC7340149 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are novel molecules resulting from the interaction of unsaturated fatty acids and nitric oxide (NO) or NO-related molecules. In plants, it has recently been described that NO2-FAs trigger an antioxidant and a defence response against stressful situations. Among the properties of NO2-FAs highlight the ability to release NO therefore modulating specific protein targets through post-translational modifications (NO-PTMs). Thus, based on the capacity of NO2-FAs to act as physiological NO donors and using high-accuracy mass-spectrometric approaches, herein, we show that endogenous nitro-linolenic acid (NO2-Ln) can modulate S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. The incubation of NO2-Ln with GSH was analyzed by LC-MS/MS and the in vitro synthesis of GSNO was noted. The in vivo confirmation of this behavior was carried out by incubating Arabidopsis plants with 15N-labeled NO2-Ln throughout the roots, and 15N-labeled GSNO (GS15NO) was detected in the leaves. With the aim to go in depth in the relation of NO2-FA and GSNO in plants, Arabidopsis alkenal reductase mutants (aer mutants) which modulate NO2-FAs levels were used. Our results constitute the first evidence of the modulation of a key NO biological reservoir in plants (GSNO) by these novel NO2-FAs, increasing knowledge about S-nitrosothiols and GSNO-signaling pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capilla Mata-Pérez
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - María N. Padilla
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Calvo
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan C. Begara-Morales
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Raquel Valderrama
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Mounira Chaki
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Lorena Aranda-Caño
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - David Moreno-González
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan B. Barroso
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signalling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juan B. Barroso,
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Anavi S, Tirosh O. iNOS as a metabolic enzyme under stress conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 146:16-35. [PMID: 31672462 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical acting as a cellular signaling molecule in many different biochemical processes. NO is synthesized from l-arginine through the action of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes, which includes three isoforms: endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). iNOS-derived NO has been associated with the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases, including liver diseases, insulin resistance, obesity and diseases of the cardiovascular system. However, transient NO production can modulate metabolism to survive and cope with stress conditions. Accumulating evidence strongly imply that iNOS-derived NO plays a central role in the regulation of several biochemical pathways and energy metabolism including glucose and lipid metabolism during inflammatory conditions. This review summarizes current evidence for the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by iNOS during inflammation, and argues for the role of iNOS as a metabolic enzyme in immune and non-immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Anavi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Peres Academic Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oren Tirosh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Arbeeny CM, Ling H, Smith MM, O'Brien S, Wawersik S, Ledbetter SR, McAlexander A, Schopfer FJ, Willette RN, Jorkasky DK. CXA-10, a Nitrated Fatty Acid, Is Renoprotective in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt Nephropathy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 369:503-510. [PMID: 30894457 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.254755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Underlying pathogenic mechanisms in chronic kidney disease (CKD) include chronic inflammation, oxidant stress, and matrix remodeling associated with dysregulated nuclear factor-κ B, nuclear factor-κ B, and SMAD signaling pathways, respectively. Important cytoprotective mechanisms activated by oxidative inflammatory conditions are mediated by nitrated fatty acids that covalently modify proteins to limit inflammation and oxidant stress. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of chronic treatment with CXA-10 (10-nitro-9(E)-octadec-9-enoic acid) in the uninephrectomized deoxycorticosterone acetate-high-salt mouse model of CKD. After 4 weeks of treatment, CXA-10 [2.5 millligrams per kilogram (mpk), p.o.] significantly attenuated increases in plasma cholesterol, heart weight, and kidney weight observed in the model without impacting systemic arterial blood pressure. CXA-10 also reduced albuminuria, nephrinuria, glomerular hypertrophy, and glomerulosclerosis in the model. Inflammatory MCP-1 and fibrosis (collagen, fibronectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and osteopontin) renal biomarkers were significantly reduced in the CXA-10 (2.5 mpk) group. The anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, as well as glomerular protection, were not observed in the enalapril-treated group. Also, CXA-10 appears to exhibit hormesis as all protective effects observed in the low-dose group were absent in the high-dose group (12.5 mpk). Taken together, these findings demonstrate that, at the appropriate dose, the nitrated fatty acid CXA-10 exhibits anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects in the kidney and limits renal injury in a model of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Arbeeny
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Hong Ling
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Mandy M Smith
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Stephen O'Brien
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Stefan Wawersik
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Steven R Ledbetter
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Allen McAlexander
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Robert N Willette
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
| | - Diane K Jorkasky
- Sanofi, Framingham (C.M.A., M.M.S., S.R.L.), Novartis (H.L., S.O.) and Scholar Rock (S.W.), Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (F.J.S) and Complexa, Inc., Berwyn, Pennsylvania (A.M., R.N.W., D.K.J.)
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The Selective RNA Polymerase I Inhibitor CX-5461 Mitigates Neointimal Remodeling in a Modified Model of Rat Aortic Transplantation. Transplantation 2018; 102:1674-1683. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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Woodcock CSC, Huang Y, Woodcock SR, Salvatore SR, Singh B, Golin-Bisello F, Davidson NE, Neumann CA, Freeman BA, Wendell SG. Nitro-fatty acid inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1120-1137. [PMID: 29158255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.814368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises ∼20% of all breast cancers and is the most aggressive mammary cancer subtype. Devoid of the estrogen and progesterone receptors, along with the receptor tyrosine kinase ERB2 (HER2), that define most mammary cancers, there are no targeted therapies for patients with TNBC. This, combined with a high metastatic rate and a lower 5-year survival rate than for other breast cancer phenotypes, means there is significant unmet need for new therapeutic strategies. Herein, the anti-neoplastic effects of the electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkene derivative, 10-nitro-octadec-9-enoic acid (nitro-oleic acid, NO2-OA), were investigated in multiple preclinical models of TNBC. NO2-OA reduced TNBC cell growth and viability in vitro, attenuated TNFα-induced TNBC cell migration and invasion, and inhibited the tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell xenografts in the mammary fat pads of female nude mice. The up-regulation of these aggressive tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion phenotypes is mediated in part by the constitutive activation of pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling in TNBC. NO2-OA inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity in human TNBC cells and suppressed downstream NF-κB target gene expression, including the metastasis-related proteins intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The mechanisms accounting for NF-κB signaling inhibition by NO2-OA in TNBC cells were multifaceted, as NO2-OA (a) inhibited the inhibitor of NF-κB subunit kinase β phosphorylation and downstream inhibitor of NF-κB degradation, (b) alkylated the NF-κB RelA protein to prevent DNA binding, and (c) promoted RelA polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Comparisons with non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial MCF-10A and MCF7 cells revealed that NO2-OA more selectively inhibited TNBC function. This was attributed to more facile mechanisms for maintaining redox homeostasis in normal breast epithelium, including a more favorable thiol/disulfide balance, greater extents of multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1) expression, and greater MRP1-mediated efflux of NO2-OA-glutathione conjugates. These observations reveal that electrophilic fatty acid nitroalkenes react with more alkylation-sensitive targets in TNBC cells to inhibit growth and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Shan Chen Woodcock
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Yi Huang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.,the Women's Cancer Research Center of the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, and
| | - Steven R Woodcock
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Sonia R Salvatore
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Franca Golin-Bisello
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109
| | - Carola A Neumann
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.,the Women's Cancer Research Center of the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, and
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260,
| | - Stacy G Wendell
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260,
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