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Alessio N, Ambrosino A, Boggi A, Aprile D, Pinto I, Galano G, Galderisi U, Di Bernardo G. Germicidal lamps using UV-C radiation may pose health safety issues: a biomolecular analysis of their effects on apoptosis and senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7511-7522. [PMID: 38700499 PMCID: PMC11131978 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The battle against the COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a heightened state of vigilance in global healthcare, leading to the proliferation of diverse sanitization methods. Among these approaches, germicidal lamps utilizing ultraviolet (UV) rays, particularly UV-C (wavelength ranging from 280 to 100 nm), have gained prominence for domestic use. These light-emitting diode (LED) lamps are designed to sanitize the air, objects, and surfaces. However, the prevailing concern is that these UV lamps are often introduced into the market without adequate accompanying information to ensure their safe utilization. Importantly, exposure to absorbed UV light can potentially trigger adverse biological responses, encompassing cell death and senescence. Our research encompassed a series of investigations aimed at comprehending the biological repercussions of UV-C radiation exposure from readily available domestic lamps. Our focus centered on epithelial retinal cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, components of the skin and ocular targets frequently exposed to UV irradiation. Our findings underscore the potential harm associated with even brief exposure to UV, leading to irreversible and detrimental alterations in both skin cells and retinal cells of the eye. Notably, epithelial retinal cells exhibited heightened sensitivity, marked by substantial apoptosis. In contrast, keratinocytes demonstrated resilience to apoptosis even at elevated UV doses, though they were prone to senescence. Meanwhile, fibroblasts displayed a gradual amplification of both senescence and apoptosis as radiation doses escalated. In summary, despite the potential benefits offered by UV-C in deactivating pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, it remains evident that the concurrent risks posed by UV-C to human health cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alessia Ambrosino
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Andrea Boggi
- Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Iole Pinto
- Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Galano
- ASL Napoli 1 Centro P.S.I. Napoli Est-Barra, Naples 80147, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Qiu J, Gu R, Shi Q, Zhang X, Gu J, Xiang J, Xu J, Yang Y, Shan K. Long noncoding RNA ZFAS1: A novel anti-apoptotic target in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Exp Eye Res 2024; 241:109832. [PMID: 38369232 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading cause of endothelial keratoplasty without efficacious drug treatment. Recent studies have emphasized the involvement of epigenetic regulation in FECD development. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as crucial epigenetic regulators in diverse cellular processes and ocular diseases. In this study, we revealed the expression patterns of lncRNAs using high-throughput sequencing technology in FECD mouse model, and identified 979 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs. By comparing the data from FECD human cell model, we obtained a series of homologous lncRNAs with similar expression patterns, and revealed that these homologous lncRNAs were enriched in FECD related biological functions, with apoptosis (mmu04210) showing the highest enrichment score. In addition, we investigated the role of lncRNA zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) in apoptotic process. This study would broaden our understanding of epigenetic regulation in FECD development, and provide potential anti-apoptotic targets for FECD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jini Qiu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Ruiping Gu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Yixing Eye Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Jiayu Gu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Jianjiang Xu
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yujing Yang
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
| | - Kun Shan
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
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Wu CY, Song DF, Chen ZJ, Hu CS, Lin DPC, Chang HH. Absence of the Klotho Function Causes Cornea Degeneration with Specific Features Resembling Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy and Bullous Keratopathy. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38534403 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The Klotho loss-of-function mutation is known to cause accelerated senescence in many organs, but its effects on the cornea have not been published. The present study aims to investigate the effects of the Klotho null mutation on cornea degeneration and to characterize the pathological features. Mouse corneas of Klotho homozygous, heterozygous, and wild-type mice at 8 weeks of age for both genders were subject to pathological and immunohistological examinations. The results show an irregular topography on the corneal surface with a Klotho null mutation. Histological examinations revealed a reduced corneal epithelial cell density, endothelial cell-shedding, and decreased cornea stromal layer thickness in the absence of the Klotho function. Furthermore, guttae formation and the desquamation of wing cells were significantly increased, which was comparable to the characteristics of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and bullous keratopathy. The mechanism analysis showed multi-fold abnormalities, including oxidative stress-induced cornea epithelium apoptosis and inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling in the stroma, and a disruption of epithelial repair, presumably through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, cornea degeneration was observed in the Klotho loss-of-function mutant mice. These pathological features support the use of Klotho mutant mice for investigating age-related cornea anomalies, including Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, bullous keratopathy, and dry eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Da-Fong Song
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jia Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - David Pei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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4
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Berfelde J, Hildebrand LS, Kuhlmann L, Fietkau R, Distel LV. FEN1 Inhibition as a Potential Novel Targeted Therapy against Breast Cancer and the Prognostic Relevance of FEN1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2110. [PMID: 38396787 PMCID: PMC10889347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To improve breast cancer treatment and to enable new strategies for therapeutic resistance, therapeutic targets are constantly being studied. Potential targets are proteins of DNA repair and replication and genomic integrity, such as Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN1). This study investigated the effects of FEN1 inhibitor FEN1-IN-4 in combination with ionizing radiation on cell death, clonogenic survival, the cell cycle, senescence, doubling time, DNA double-strand breaks and micronuclei in breast cancer cells, breast cells and healthy skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, the variation in the baseline FEN1 level and its influence on treatment prognosis was investigated. The cell lines show specific response patterns in the aspects studied and have heterogeneous baseline FEN1 levels. FEN1-IN-4 has cytotoxic, cytostatic and radiosensitizing effects, expressed through increasing cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, G2M share, senescence, double-strand breaks and a reduced survival fraction. Nevertheless, some cells are less affected by the cytotoxicity and fibroblasts show a rather limited response. In vivo, high FEN1 mRNA expression worsens the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Due to the increased expression in breast cancer tissue, FEN1 could represent a new tumor and prognosis marker and FEN1-IN-4 may serve as a new potent agent in personalized medicine and targeted breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Berfelde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura S. Hildebrand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Kuhlmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luitpold V. Distel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Feng J, Zhang Y. The potential benefits of polyphenols for corneal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115862. [PMID: 37979379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea functions as the primary barrier of the ocular surface, regulating temperature and humidity while providing protection against oxidative stress, harmful stimuli and pathogenic microorganisms. Corneal diseases can affect the biomechanical and optical properties of the eye, resulting in visual impairment or even blindness. Due to their diverse origins and potent biological activities, plant secondary metabolites known as polyphenols offer potential advantages for treating corneal diseases owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Various polyphenols and their derivatives have demonstrated diverse mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting efficacy against a range of corneal diseases including repair of tissue damage, treatment of keratitis, inhibition of neovascularization, alleviation of dry eye syndrome, among others. Therefore, this article presents a concise overview of corneal and related diseases, along with an update on the research progress of natural polyphenols in safeguarding corneal health. A more comprehensive understanding of natural polyphenols provides a novel perspective for secure treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
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6
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Wang M, Guo Y, Wan M, Chen Z, Zhong JL. TAZ Reduces UVA-mediated Photoaging through Regulates Cell Proliferation in Skin Fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:153-159. [PMID: 35598174 DOI: 10.1111/php.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is a significant transcription factor downstream of the Hippo pathway regulating organ size, tissue regeneration, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here, we report on TAZ in response to photoaging mediated by repeated UVA irradiation in skin fibroblasts. Continuous UVA irradiation caused a decrease in TAZ and targeted CTGF mRNA and protein expression in fibroblasts, accompanied by reduced cell proliferation, DNA damage, and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and S phase reduction. Furthermore, P16 and P21 expression levels were increased, whereas Lamin B1 and Lamin A/C expression were decreased as a result of repeated UVA exposure. We further demonstrated that TAZ reduction enables photoaging caused by continuously UVA-irradiated fibroblasts. TAZ overexpression decreases G1 phase, augments the S phase and reduces P16 and P21 protein expression levels in fibroblasts. However, TAZ overexpressing cells exposed to chronic-UVA radiation show induced G1 phase arrest, an S phase reduction, and elevated P16 and P21 protein levels in fibroblasts, compared with TAZ overexpression cells. These findings suggest a novel function of TAZ to reduce photoaging in fibroblasts. This regulation implies that TAZ might be a viable therapeutic target for photoaging or UVA-related skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meiyin Wan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Dermatology Department, Shapingba District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Julia Li Zhong
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Dermatology Department, Shapingba District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
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7
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Yu JB, Lee DS, Padanilam BJ, Kim J. Repeated Administration of Cisplatin Transforms Kidney Fibroblasts through G2/M Arrest and Cellular Senescence. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213472. [PMID: 36359868 PMCID: PMC9655665 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic used for the treatment of many types of cancer, but it has nephrotoxic side effects leading to acute kidney injury and subsequently chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous work has focused on acute kidney tubular injury induced by cisplatin, whereas the chronic sequelae post-injury has not been well-explored. In the present study, we established a kidney fibroblast model of CKD induced by repeated administration of cisplatin (RAC) as a clinically relevant model. In NRK-49F rat kidney fibroblasts, RAC upregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin proteins, suggesting that RAC induces kidney fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation. RAC also enhanced cell size, including the cell attachment surface area, nuclear area, and cell volume. Furthermore, RAC induced p21 expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, suggesting that kidney fibroblasts exposed to RAC develop a senescent phenotype. Inhibition of p21 reduced cellular senescence, hypertrophy, and myofibroblast transformation induced by RAC. Intriguingly, after RAC, kidney fibroblasts were arrested at the G2/M phase. Repeated treatment with paclitaxel as an inducer of G2/M arrest upregulated p21, α-SMA, and fibronectin in the kidney fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that RAC transforms kidney fibroblasts into myofibroblasts through G2/M arrest and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Yu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Jeju Microbiome Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Babu J. Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (B.J.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Jinu Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.J.P.); (J.K.)
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Bea-Mascato B, Neira-Goyanes E, Iglesias-Rodríguez A, Valverde D. Depletion of ALMS1 affects TGF-β signalling pathway and downstream processes such as cell migration and adhesion capacity. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:992313. [PMID: 36325276 PMCID: PMC9621122 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.992313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: ALMS1 is a ubiquitous gene associated with Alström syndrome (ALMS). The main symptoms of ALMS affect multiple organs and tissues, generating at last, multi-organic fibrosis in the lungs, kidneys and liver. TGF-β is one of the main pathways implicated in fibrosis, controlling the cell cycle, apoptosis, cell migration, cell adhesion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nevertheless, the role of ALMS1 gene in fibrosis generation and other implicated processes such as cell migration or cell adhesion via the TGF- β pathway has not been elucidated yet. Methods: Initially, we evaluated how depletion of ALMS1 affects different processes like apoptosis, cell cycle and mitochondrial activity in HeLa cells. Then, we performed proteomic profiling with TGF-β stimuli in HeLa ALMS1 -/- cells and validated the results by examining different EMT biomarkers using qPCR. The expression of these EMT biomarkers were also studied in hTERT-BJ-5ta ALMS1 -/-. Finally, we evaluated the SMAD3 and SMAD2 phosphorylation and cell migration capacity in both models. Results: Depletion of ALMS1 generated apoptosis resistance to thapsigargin (THAP) and C2-Ceramide (C2-C), and G2/M cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells. For mitochondrial activity, results did not show significant differences between ALMS1 +/+ and ALMS1 -/-. Proteomic results showed inhibition of downstream pathways regulated by TGF-β. The protein-coding genes (PCG) were associated with processes like focal adhesion or cell-substrate adherens junction in HeLa. SNAI1 showed an opposite pattern to what would be expected when activating the EMT in HeLa and BJ-5ta. Finally, in BJ-5ta model a reduced activation of SMAD3 but not SMAD2 were also observed. In HeLa model no alterations in the canonical TGF-β pathway were observed but both cell lines showed a reduction in migration capacity. Conclusion: ALMS1 has a role in controlling the cell cycle and the apoptosis processes. Moreover, the depletion of ALMS1 affects the signal transduction through the TGF-β and other processes like the cell migration and adhesion capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brais Bea-Mascato
- CINBIO, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Raras y Medicina Pediátrica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena Neira-Goyanes
- CINBIO, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Raras y Medicina Pediátrica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Antía Iglesias-Rodríguez
- CINBIO, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Raras y Medicina Pediátrica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Diana Valverde
- CINBIO, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Raras y Medicina Pediátrica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
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Hyperglycemia Promotes Endothelial Cell Senescence through AQR/PLAU Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052879. [PMID: 35270021 PMCID: PMC8911151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is reported to accelerate endothelial cell senescence that contributes to diabetic complications. The underlying mechanism, however, remains elusive. We previously demonstrated AQR as a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and showed that it was increased in multiple tissues in models with T2DM or metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the role of AQR in hyperglycemia-induced senescence and its underlying mechanism. Here, we retrieved several datasets of the aging models and found the expression of AQR was increased by high glucose and by aging across species, including C. elegans (whole-body), rat (cardiac tissues), and monkey (blood). we validated the increased AQR expression in senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). When overexpressed, AQR promoted the endothelial cell senescence, confirmed by an increased number of cells stained with senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and upregulation of CDKN1A (P21) as well as the prohibited cellular colony formation and G2/M phase arrest. To explore the mechanism by which AQR regulated the cellular senescence, transcriptomic analyses of HUVECs with the overexpression and knockdown of the AQR were performed. We identified 52 co-expressed genes that were enriched, in the terms of plasminogen activation, innate immunity, immunity, and antiviral defense. Among co-expressed genes, PLAU was selected to evaluate its contribution to senescence for its highest strength in the enrichment of the biological process. We demonstrated that the knockdown of PLAU rescued senescence-related phenotypes, endothelial cell activation, and inflammation in models induced by AQR or TNF-α. These findings, for the first time, indicate that AQR/PLAU is a critical signaling axis in the modulation of endothelial cell senescence, revealing a novel link between hyperglycemia and vascular dysfunction. The study may have implications in the prevention of premature vascular aging associated with T2DM.
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10
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Wang Q, Dou S, Zhang B, Jiang H, Qi X, Duan H, Wang X, Dong C, Zhang BN, Xie L, Cao Y, Zhou Q, Shi W. Heterogeneity of human corneal endothelium implicates lncRNA NEAT1 in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:880-893. [PMID: 35141048 PMCID: PMC8807987 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The corneal endothelium is critical for maintaining corneal clarity by mediating hydration through barrier and pump functions. Progressive loss of corneal endothelial cells during aging has been associated with the development of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), one of the main causes of cornea-related vision loss. The mechanisms underlying FECD development remain elusive. Single-cell RNA sequencing of isolated healthy human corneas discovered 4 subpopulations of corneal endothelial cells with distinctive signatures. Unsupervised clustering analysis uncovered nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), as the top expressed gene in the C0-endothelial subpopulation, but markedly downregulated in FECD. Consistent with human corneas, a UVA-induced mouse FECD model validated the loss of NEAT1 expression. Loss of NEAT1 function by an in vivo genetic approach reproduced the exacerbated phenotype of FECD by ablating corneal endothelial cells. Conversely, gain of function by a CRISPR-activated adenoviral delivery system protected corneas from UVA-induced FECD. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the development of FECD, and targeting NEAT1 offers an attractive approach for treating FECD.
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11
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Bai J, Li J, Liu N, Jia H, Si X, Zhai Z, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Ren F, Wu Z. Glucosamine alleviates zearalenone damage to porcine trophectoderm cells by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:7857-7870. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the mycotoxins commonly found in feed and food, zearalenone (ZEA) mainly harms the reproductive functions of humans and animals. In our study, we investigated the protective effects...
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12
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Sikora E, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Mosieniak G. A common signature of cellular senescence; does it exist? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101458. [PMID: 34500043 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response, which can be evoked in all type of somatic cells by different stimuli. Senescent cells accumulate in the body and participate in aging and aging-related diseases mainly by their secretory activity, commonly known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype-SASP. Senescence is typically described as cell cycle arrest. This definition stems from the original observation concerning limited cell division potential of human fibroblasts in vitro. At present, the process of cell senescence is attributed also to cancer cells and to non-proliferating post-mitotic cells. Many cellular signaling pathways and specific and unspecific markers contribute to the complex, dynamic and heterogeneous phenotype of senescent cells. Considering the diversity of cells that can undergo senescence upon different inducers and variety of mechanisms involved in the execution of this process, we ask if there is a common signature of cell senescence. It seems that cell cycle arrest in G0, G1 or G2 is indispensable for cell senescence; however, to ensure irreversibility of divisions, the exit from the cell cycle to the state, which we call a GS (Gero Stage), is necessary. The DNA damage, changes in nuclear architecture and chromatin rearrangement are involved in signaling pathways leading to altered gene transcription and secretion of SASP components. Thus, nuclear changes and SASP are vital features of cell senescence that, together with temporal arrest in the cell cycle (G1 or/and G2), which may be followed by polyploidisation/depolyploidisation or exit from the cell cycle leading to permanent proliferation arrest (GS), define the signature of cellular senescence.
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Wang X, Dong C, Zhou Q, Duan H, Zou D, Gong Y, Ma B, Li Z, Shi W. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PJ34 protects against UVA-induced oxidative damage in corneal endothelium. Apoptosis 2021; 26:600-611. [PMID: 34581992 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is one of the main causes for corneal endothelial blindness, which is characterized by the progressive decline of corneal endothelial cells. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was reported to be involved in cell death and apoptosis of several diseases. However, the role of PARP1 in the progression of FECD remains elusive. In the present study, we reported that UVA irradiation caused the corneal endothelial damage and corneal edema in mice, which was accompanied with the elevated activity of PARP1 and PAR. The PARP1 inhibitor PJ34 resolved the corneal edema and protected corneal endothelium from UVA-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, PARP1 inhibition exerted its anti-apoptotic effects through downregulation of the phosphorylation levels of JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK and subsequently the increase of MKP-1. Our results suggest that PARP1 inhibition protects corneal endothelium from UVA-induced oxidative damage, which provides a potential alternative strategy for the therapy of FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunxiao Dong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dulei Zou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bochao Ma
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Weiyun Shi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Ong Tone S, Wylegala A, Böhm M, Melangath G, Deshpande N, Jurkunas UV. Increased Corneal Endothelial Cell Migration in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: A Live Cell Imaging Study. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2021; 1:100006. [PMID: 36246012 PMCID: PMC9559113 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2021.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate if corneal endothelial cells (CECs) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) have altered cellular migration compared with normal controls. Design Comparative analysis. Materials Descemet's membrane and CECs derived from patients with FECD undergoing endothelial keratoplasty or normal cadaveric donors. Methods Ex vivo specimens were used for live cell imaging and generation of immortalized cell lines. Live imaging was performed on FECD and normal CECs and on ex vivo specimens transfected with green fluorescent protein. Migration speeds were determined as a function of cellular density using automated cell tracking. Ex vivo specimens were classified as either FECD or normal low cell density (nonconfluent) or high cell density (confluent). Scratch assay was performed on CECs seeded at high confluence to determine migration speed. Genetic analysis from blood samples or CECs was performed to detect a CTG repeat expansion in the TCF4 gene. Main Outcome Measures Mean cell migration speed. Results Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy CECs in low cell density areas displayed increased mean speed (0.391 ± 0.005 μm/minute vs. 0.364 ± 0.005 μm/minute; P < 0.001) and mean maximum speed (0.961 ± 0.010 μm/minute vs. 0.787 ± 0.011 μm/minute; P < 0.001) compared with normal CECs, and increased mean maximum speed (0.778 ± 0.014 μm/minute vs. 0.680 ± 0.011 μm/minute; P < 0.001) in high cell density areas ex vivo. Similarly, FECD CECs displayed increased mean speed compared with normal CECs (1.958 ± 0.020 μm/minute vs. 2.227 ± 0.021 μm/minute vs. 1.567 ± 0.019 μm/minute; P < 0.001) under nonconfluent conditions in vitro. Moreover, FECD CECs also displayed increased mean speed compared with normal CECs under high confluent conditions as detected by scratch assay (37.2 ± 1.1% vs. 44.3 ± 4.1% vs. 70.7 ± 5.2%; P < 0.001). Morphologic analysis showed that FECD CECs displayed an increased fibroblastic phenotype as detected by filamentous-actin labeling. Conclusions Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy CECs demonstrated increased migration speed compared with normal CECs. Further investigation into the mechanisms of heightened cell migration in FECD is needed and may provide insight into its pathogenesis, as well as having implications on descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty.
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Key Words
- CE, corneal endothelium
- CEC, corneal endothelial cell
- Cell migration
- Corneal endothelium
- DM, Descemet’s membrane
- DMEK, Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty
- DWEK, descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty
- Descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty
- Descemet’s stripping only
- ECD, endothelial cell density
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- FECD, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
- Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- LNP, lipid nanoparticle
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- TCF4, transcription factor 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Ong Tone
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adam Wylegala
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Myriam Böhm
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geetha Melangath
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ula V. Jurkunas
- Cornea Center of Excellence, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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