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Yang T, Feng Q, Shao M, Pan M, Guo F, Song Y, Huang F, Linlin Z, Wang J, Wu L, Qin G, Zhao Y. The role of metabolic memory in diabetic kidney disease: identification of key genes and therapeutic targets. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1379821. [PMID: 39092227 PMCID: PMC11292736 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1379821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by complex pathogenesis and poor prognosis; therefore, an exploration of novel etiological factors may be beneficial. Despite glycemic control, the persistence of transient hyperglycemia still induces vascular complications due to metabolic memory. However, its contribution to DKD remains unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we clustered 12 cell types and employed enrichment analysis and a cell‒cell communication network. Fibrosis, a characteristic of DKD, was found to be associated with metabolic memory. To further identify genes related to metabolic memory and fibrosis in DKD, we combined the above datasets from humans with a rat renal fibrosis model and mouse models of metabolic memory. After overlapping, NDRG1, NR4A1, KCNC4 and ZFP36 were selected. Pharmacology analysis and molecular docking revealed that pioglitazone and resveratrol were possible agents affecting these hub genes. Based on the ex vivo results, NDRG1 was selected for further study. Knockdown of NDRG1 reduced TGF-β expression in human kidney-2 cells (HK-2 cells). Compared to that in patients who had diabetes for more than 10 years but not DKD, NDRG1 expression in blood samples was upregulated in DKD patients. In summary, NDRG1 is a key gene involved in regulating fibrosis in DKD from a metabolic memory perspective. Bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental validation provided reliable evidence for identifying metabolic memory in DKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyue Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingwei Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengxing Pan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Song
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengjuan Huang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhao Linlin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Lv S, Cao M, Luo J, Fu K, Yuan W. Search progress of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) in organ fibrosis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:389. [PMID: 38446272 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09307-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is characterized by abnormal deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to organ structural remodeling and loss of function. The principal cellular effector in fibrosis is activated myofibroblasts, which serve as the main source of matrix proteins. Metabolic reprogramming, transitioning from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, is widely observed in rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells and activated myofibroblasts and is increasingly recognized as a fundamental pathogenic basis in organ fibrosis. Targeting metabolism represents a promising strategy to mitigate fibrosis. PKM2, a key enzyme in glycolysis, plays a pivotal role in metabolic reprogramming through allosteric regulation, impacting both metabolic and non-metabolic pathways. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming induced by PKM2 activation is involved in the occurrence and development of fibrosis in various organs. A comprehensive understanding of the role of PKM2 in fibrotic diseases is crucial for seeking new anti-fibrotic therapeutic targets. In this context, we summarize PKM2's role in glycolysis, mediating the intricate mechanisms underlying fibrosis in multiple organs, and discuss the potential value of PKM2 inhibitors and allosteric activators in future clinical treatments, aiming to identify novel therapeutic targets for proliferative fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Kewei Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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Wang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Focus on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Renal Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:949. [PMID: 38256023 PMCID: PMC10815764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of the respiratory chain is closely associated with kidney function, and the dysfunction of the respiratory chain is a primary pathophysiological change in chronic kidney failure. The incidence of chronic kidney failure caused by defects in respiratory-chain-related genes has frequently been overlooked. Correcting abnormal metabolic reprogramming, rescuing the "toxic respiratory chain", and targeting the clearance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are potential therapies for treating chronic kidney failure. These treatments have shown promising results in slowing fibrosis and inflammation progression and improving kidney function in various animal models of chronic kidney failure and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a key target worthy of attention in the treatment of chronic kidney failure. This review integrated research related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and chronic kidney failure, primarily elucidating the pathological status of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in chronic kidney failure and potential therapeutic drugs. It provided new ideas for the treatment of kidney failure and promoted the development of drugs targeting the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Wei L, Gao J, Wang L, Tao Q, Tu C. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway: a new therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus and vascular complications. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2023; 14:20420188231220134. [PMID: 38152659 PMCID: PMC10752099 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231220134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic angiopathy, which includes diabetic kidney disease (DKD), cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) among other diseases, is one of the most common complications affecting diabetic patients. Among these, DKD, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, affects about 40% of diabetic patients. Similarly, DR involves retinal neovascularization and neurodegeneration as a result of chronic hyperglycemia and is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness. In addition, inflammation also promotes atherosclerosis and diabetes, with atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases being often a main cause of disability or death in diabetic patients. Given that vascular diseases caused by diabetes negatively impact human health, it is therefore important to identify appropriate treatments. In this context, some studies have found that the Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway is a highly evolutionarily conserved protein kinase signal pathway that regulates organ growth and size through its effector signaling pathway Transcriptional co-Activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and its YAP. YAP is a key factor in the Hippo pathway. The activation of YAP regulates gluconeogenesis, thereby regulating glucose tolerance levels; silencing the YAP gene thereby prevents the formation of glomerular fibrosis. YAP can combine with TEA domain family members to regulate the proliferation and migration of retinal vascular endothelial cells (ECs), so YAP plays a prominent role in the formation and pathology of retinal vessels. In addition, YAP/TAZ activation and translocation to the nucleus promote endothelial inflammation and monocyte-EC attachment, which can increase diabetes-induced cardiovascular atherosclerosis. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway provides a potential therapeutic target for diabetic angiopathy, which can prevent the progression of diabetes to DR and improve renal fibrosis and cardio-vascular atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- Zhonglou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangzhi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianru Tao
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
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Han JM, Song HY, Kim KI, Byun EB. Protective Effects of Bombyx batryticatus Protein-Rich Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in HEK293 Cells and a Mouse Model. J Med Food 2023; 26:927-938. [PMID: 38064431 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a potent and prominent chemotherapeutic drug, has considerable side effects, including nephrotoxicity, which limits its therapeutic application and efficacy. Therefore, the development of agents that protect normal cells while preserving cisplatin's chemotherapeutic properties is of utmost importance. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of Bombyx batryticatus protein-rich extract (BBPE) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a cisplatin-treated mouse model and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Apoptosis was assessed in HEK293 cells to determine the cytoprotective effects of BBPE and its effects on the generation of cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) collapse. Although cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in HEK293 cells, pretreatment with BBPE showed significant protective effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating the expression levels of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins. The cytoprotective effects of BBPE were mediated by decreased ROS production and MTP loss in cisplatin-treated HEK293 cells. The in vitro results were confirmed in the cisplatin-treated mouse model. Pretreatment with BBPE protected against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by restoring malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels in kidney tissue and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine serum levels. Furthermore, histopathological assessment and terminal dUTP nick end-labeling staining showed that BBPE mitigated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in kidney tissues. Overall, BBPE may act as a potent agent for alleviating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, thereby increasing the safety of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Moo Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Korea
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Ji JL, Li JY, Liang JX, Zhou Y, Liu CC, Zhang Y, Zhang AQ, Liu H, Ma RX, Li ZL. Tubular TMEM16A promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis by suppressing PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:347. [PMID: 37943391 PMCID: PMC11072291 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) plays a crucial role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. The present study aimed to examine whether transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A), a Ca2+-activated chloride channel, contributes to the development of TIF in DKD. Interestingly, we found that TMEM16A expression was significantly up-regulated in tubule of murine model of DKD, which was associated with development of TIF. In vivo inhibition of TMEM16A channel activity with specific inhibitors Ani9 effectively protects against TIF. Then, we found that TMEM16A activation induces tubular mitochondrial dysfunction in in vivo and in vitro models, with the evidence of the TMEM16A inhibition with specific inhibitor. Mechanically, TMEM16A mediated tubular mitochondrial dysfunction through inhibiting PGC-1α, whereas overexpression of PGC-1α could rescue the changes. In addition, TMEM16A-induced fibrogenesis was dependent on increased intracellular Cl-, and reducing intracellular Cl- significantly blunted high glucose-induced PGC-1α and profibrotic factors expression. Taken together, our studies demonstrated that tubular TMEM16A promotes TIF by suppressing PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in DKD. Blockade of TMEM16A may serve as a novel therapeutic approach to ameliorate TIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Ying Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong-Cong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ai-Qing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rui-Xia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Yu JT, Fan S, Li XY, Hou R, Hu XW, Wang JN, Shan RR, Dong ZH, Xie MM, Dong YH, Shen XY, Jin J, Wen JG, Liu MM, Wang W, Meng XM. Novel insights into STAT3 in renal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115166. [PMID: 37473682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cell-signal transcription factor that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The stimulation of cytokines and growth factors can result in the transcription of a wide range of genes that are crucial for several cellular biological processes involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. STAT3 has attracted considerable interest as a result of a recent upsurge in study because of their role in directing the innate immune response and sustaining inflammatory pathways, which is a key feature in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including renal disorders. Several pathological conditions which may involve STAT3 include diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. STAT3 is expressed in various renal tissues under these pathological conditions. To better understand the role of STAT3 in the kidney and provide a theoretical foundation for STAT3-targeted therapy for renal disorders, this review covers the current work on the activities of STAT3 and its mechanisms in the pathophysiological processes of various types of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Tao Yu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Run-Run Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ze-Hui Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man-Man Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Hang Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Hasegawa K, Sakamaki Y, Tamaki M, Wakino S. PCK1 Protects against Mitoribosomal Defects in Diabetic Nephropathy in Mouse Models. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1343-1365. [PMID: 37199399 PMCID: PMC10400109 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Renal gluconeogenesis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Proximal tubular phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase1 (PEPCK1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. However, the functions of PEPCK1 have not been elucidated. We describe the novel role of PEPCK1 as a mitoribosomal protector using Pck1 transgenic (TG) mice and knockout mice. Pck1 blocks excessive glycolysis by suppressing the upregulation of excess HK2 (the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis). Notably, Pck1 overexpression retains mitoribosomal function and suppresses renal fibrosis. The renal and mitoribosomal protective roles of Pck1 may provide important clues for understanding DN pathogenesis and provide novel therapeutic targets. BACKGROUND Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is part of the gluconeogenesis pathway, which maintains fasting glucose levels and affects renal physiology. PEPCK consists of two isoforms-PEPCK1 and PEPCK2-that the Pck1 and Pck2 genes encode. Gluconeogenesis increases in diabetic nephropathy (DN), escalating fasting and postprandial glucose levels. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors increase hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis. We used genetically modified mice to investigate whether renal gluconeogenesis and Pck1 activity are renoprotective in DN. METHODS We investigated the expression of Pck1 in the proximal tubule (PTs) of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mice. We studied the phenotypic changes in PT-specific transgenic (TG) mice and PT-specific Pck1 conditional knockout (CKO) mice. RESULTS The expression of Pck1 in PTs was downregulated in STZ-treated diabetic mice when they exhibited albuminuria. TG mice overexpressing Pck1 had improved albuminuria, concomitant with the mitigation of PT cell apoptosis and deposition of peritubular type IV collagen. Moreover, CKO mice exhibited PT cell apoptosis and type IV collagen deposition, findings also observed in STZ-treated mice. Renal fibrotic changes in CKO mice were associated with increasing defects in mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The TG mice were protected against STZ-induced mitoribosomal defects. CONCLUSION PCK1 preserves mitoribosomal function and may play a novel protective role in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakamaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Tamaki
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shu Wakino
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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Wang K, Liao Q, Chen X. Research progress on the mechanism of renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18723. [PMID: 37593609 PMCID: PMC10428074 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common result for various chronic kidney diseases developing to the end stage. It is a pathological process characterized by the destruction of normal kidney structure and the subsequent replacement with fibrous tissue, which primarily involves fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Obstruction is a common cause of renal fibrosis, and obstructive renal fibrosis is a common disease in urology. Obstructive renal fibrosis, characterized by its insidious onset, is the result of a complex interplay of multiple factors. These factors encompass renal tubular epithelial cell injury, the presence of a hypoxic microenvironment in affected kidney tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration, release of inflammatory mediators, and the release of renal fibrosis growth factors, among others. This paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism and treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Qiuling Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410011, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410008, China
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Wu JC, Wang XJ, Zhu JH, Huang XY, Liu M, Qiao Z, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wang ZY, Zhan P, Zhang T, Hu HL, Liu H, Tang W, Yi F. GPR97 deficiency ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis in mouse hypertensive nephropathy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1206-1216. [PMID: 36635422 PMCID: PMC10203364 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) ranks as the second-leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Accumulating evidence suggests that persistent hypertension injures tubular cells, leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF), which is involved in the pathogenesis of HTN. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are implicated in many important pathological and physiological processes and act as important drug targets. In this study, we explored the intrarenal mechanisms underlying hypertension-associated TIF, and particularly, the potential role of GPR97, a member of the adhesion GPCR subfamily, in TIF. A deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt-induced hypertensive mouse model was used. We revealed a significantly upregulated expression of GPR97 in the kidneys, especially in renal tubules, of the hypertensive mice and 10 patients with biopsy-proven hypertensive kidney injury. GPR97-/- mice showed markedly elevated blood pressure, which was comparable to that of wild-type mice following DOCA/salt treatment, but dramatically ameliorated renal injury and TIF. In NRK-52E cells, we demonstrated that knockdown of GPR97 suppressed the activation of TGF-β signaling by disturbing small GTPase RhoA-mediated cytoskeletal reorganization, thus inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis of TGF-β receptors and subsequent Smad activation. Collectively, this study demonstrates that GPR97 contributes to hypertension-associated TIF at least in part by facilitating TGF-β signaling, suggesting that GPR97 is a pivotal intrarenal factor for TIF progression under hypertensive conditions, and therapeutic strategies targeting GPR97 may improve the outcomes of patients with HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Chao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jing-Han Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xue-Ying Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Min Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhe Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yu Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hui-Li Hu
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Fan Yi
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Habshi T, Shelke V, Kale A, Lech M, Bhanudas Gaikwad A. Hippo signaling in acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition: current understandings and future targets. Drug Discov Today 2023:103649. [PMID: 37268185 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI)-to-chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition is a slow but persistent progression toward end-stage kidney disease. Earlier reports have shown that Hippo components, such as Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its homolog TAZ (Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), regulate inflammation and fibrogenesis during the AKI-to-CKD transition. Notably, the roles and mechanisms of Hippo components vary during AKI, AKI-to-CKD transition, and CKD. Hence, it is important to understand these roles in detail. This review addresses the potential of Hippo regulators or components as future therapeutic targets for halting the AKI-to-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahib Habshi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Maciej Lech
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India.
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