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Hu F, Wang Y, Hu J, Bao Z, Wang M. A novel c-type lysozyme from Litopenaeus vannamei exhibits potent antimicrobial activity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:729-735. [PMID: 36341874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lysozyme is relevant to the innate immune system as a vital protein for crustaceans. In the present study, we cloned and characterized a novel c-type lysozyme gene (LvLYZ) from the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The obtained full-length cDNA of LvLYZ was 990 bp and contained an open reading frame of 693 bp. Its deduced amino acid sequence consisted of 230 amino acids (aa) with a 17 aa signal peptide at the N-terminal and 130 aa functional domains. The multiple sequence alignment (MSA) indicated that the typical active sites in LvLYZ were similarly conserved as c-type lysozymes from other species. The transcription of LvLYZ appeared in all detected tissues and had relatively higher expression levels in hemocytes, hepatopancreas, gill and intestine. The mRNA expression profiles of LvLYZ were up-regulated in hemocyte and hepatopancreas post the stimulation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus or white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), respectively. The recombinant protein of LvLYZ (rLvLYZ) exhibited antibacterial activities against various microbes, including Escherichia coli, Vibrio splendidus, Micrococcaus luteus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus. These results indicated that LvLYZ could cope with bacteria in L. vannamei and may play a significant role in immune response against invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Qingdao 266003), and Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province of Sanya Oceanographic Institute (Sanya 572024), Ocean University of China, China
| | - Yan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Qingdao 266003), and Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province of Sanya Oceanographic Institute (Sanya 572024), Ocean University of China, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Jingjie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Qingdao 266003), and Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province of Sanya Oceanographic Institute (Sanya 572024), Ocean University of China, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Center for Marine Molecular Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Qingdao 266003), and Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province of Sanya Oceanographic Institute (Sanya 572024), Ocean University of China, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Center for Marine Molecular Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Qingdao 266003), and Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province of Sanya Oceanographic Institute (Sanya 572024), Ocean University of China, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Center for Marine Molecular Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China.
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Kondo H, Murotani F, Koiwai K, Hirono I. Chicken-type lysozyme is a major bacteriolytic enzyme in the blood of the banded houndshark Triakis scyllium. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 134:104448. [PMID: 35654295 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined lysozyme activities in the serum and the leukocyte extracts of the banded houndshark Triakis scyllium. The serum exhibited lytic activity, but not the leukocyte extracts. The lytic substance in the serum was of approximately 14 kDa and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was YVYSK. cDNA cloning identified a C-type lysozyme (TsLysC) gene and two G-type lysozyme (TsLysG) cDNA clones of different lengths. The TsLysC gene encodes 149 amino acids residues, and the sequence derived from the N-terminal amino acid sequencing was displayed at position 17-21. TsLysG, on the other hand, contains two ORFs that are homologous to the N- and C-terminal regions of G-type lysozyme of other fish species. TsLysC mRNA levels were high in the liver. TsLysG mRNA level was significantly lower than TsLysC mRNA in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Fuyuka Murotani
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Graduate School of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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Tang D, Wu Y, Wu L, Bai Y, Zhou Y, Wang Z. The effects of ammonia stress exposure on protein degradation, immune response, degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds and energy metabolism of Chinese mitten crab. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6053-6061. [PMID: 35344117 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese mitten crab is one of the most economically important crabs that are widely farmed in China. Ammonia, which is a main physiological challenge for crab culture, grows rapidly in the intensive culture system over time, but little information is available with Chinese mitten crab on the molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Therefore, to understand the mechanism of response to ammonia stress in Eriocheir japonica sinensis, comparative transcriptome analysis was used to identify the key genes and pathways in hepatopancreas challenged with ammonia stress (325.07 mg/L NH4Cl). By sequencing the transcriptome hepatopancreas of E. j. sinensis treated with ammonia, 366,472 unigenes were obtained and annotated into several public libraries for later analyses. Subsequently, 1775 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified according to comparative transcriptome analysis, of which 307 were up-regulated and 1468 were down-regulated. According to the DEGs of GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, we focused on four aspects of significant enrichment in this study: protein degradation, immune response, degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds and energy metabolism. The genes involved in protein degradation and energy metabolism process showed a significant decrease which was consisting of overall biological activity of E. j. sinensis decreased. In addition, five genes involved in high concentration of ammonia were discovered and validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS This study will help us understand the molecular mechanisms of E. j. sinensis under high ammonia exposure and provide valuable information to the future research of other crabs with ammonia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lv Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuze Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengfei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-Agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China.
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Song Q, Xiao Y, Xiao Z, Liu T, Li J, Li P, Han F. Lysozymes in Fish. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15039-15051. [PMID: 34890178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the deterioration of the aquaculture ecological environment has led to a high incidence of fish diseases. Lysozymes, important antimicrobial enzymes, play an important role in the innate immune system of fish. The studies of fish lysozymes benefit the control of fish infections caused by pathogens. In this review, we reviewed recent progress in fish lysozymes, including their classification, structural characteristics, biological functions and mechanisms, tissue distributions, and properties of their recombinant proteins, which will help us to systematically understand the fish lysozymes and facilitate their applications in the fields of food and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Sichuan Tengli Agri-Tech Company, Limited, Deyang, Sichuan 618200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Han
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
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Ferraboschi P, Ciceri S, Grisenti P. Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1534. [PMID: 34943746 PMCID: PMC8698798 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme is a ~14 kDa protein present in many mucosal secretions (tears, saliva, and mucus) and tissues of animals and plants, and plays an important role in the innate immunity, providing protection against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Three main different types of lysozymes are known: the c-type (chicken or conventional type), the g-type (goose type), and the i-type (invertebrate type). It has long been the subject of several applications due to its antimicrobial properties. The problem of antibiotic resistance has stimulated the search for new molecules or new applications of known compounds. The use of lysozyme as an alternative antibiotic is the subject of this review, which covers the results published over the past two decades. This review is focused on the applications of lysozyme in medicine, (the treatment of infectious diseases, wound healing, and anti-biofilm), veterinary, feed, food preservation, and crop protection. It is available from a wide range of sources, in addition to the well-known chicken egg white, and its synergism with other compounds, endowed with antimicrobial activity, are also summarized. An overview of the modified lysozyme applications is provided in the form of tables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via C. Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Samuele Ciceri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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Cheng CH, Ma HL, Deng YQ, Feng J, Chen XL, Guo ZX. Transcriptome analysis and histopathology of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) after air exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 228:108652. [PMID: 31683012 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, is an economically-important crab in China. Air exposure is an important environmental stressor during mud crab culture and transportation. Adaptive mechanisms responding to air exposure in mud crabs are still poorly understood. In this study, mud crabs were exposed to air for 120 h. Air exposure decreased total hemocyte counts, led to cytological damage, and caused high mortality. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted at 0, 6 and 96 h after air exposure. A total of 3530 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. DEGs were mainly involved in the oxidative stress response, metabolism, cellular processes, signal transduction, and immune functions. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed that genes of glycolysis and of the tricarboxylic acid cycle were key factors in regulating the mud crab adaptation to air exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Hong-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Yi-Qin Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xun Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510300, PR China.
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Smith NC, Rise ML, Christian SL. A Comparison of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems in Cartilaginous Fish, Ray-Finned Fish, and Lobe-Finned Fish. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2292. [PMID: 31649660 PMCID: PMC6795676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is composed of two subsystems-the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. The innate immune system is the first to respond to pathogens and does not retain memory of previous responses. Innate immune responses are evolutionarily older than adaptive responses and elements of innate immunity can be found in all multicellular organisms. If a pathogen persists, the adaptive immune system will engage the pathogen with specificity and memory. Several components of the adaptive system including immunoglobulins (Igs), T cell receptors (TCR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC), are assumed to have arisen in the first jawed vertebrates-the Gnathostomata. This review will discuss and compare components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems in Gnathostomes, particularly in Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and in Osteichthyes [bony fish: the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) and the Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)]. While many elements of both the innate and adaptive immune systems are conserved within these species and with higher level vertebrates, some elements have marked differences. Components of the innate immune system covered here include physical barriers, such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract, cellular components, such as pattern recognition receptors and immune cells including macrophages and neutrophils, and humoral components, such as the complement system. Components of the adaptive system covered include the fundamental cells and molecules of adaptive immunity: B lymphocytes (B cells), T lymphocytes (T cells), immunoglobulins (Igs), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Comparative studies in fish such as those discussed here are essential for developing a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Smith
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Sherri L Christian
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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Xie JW, Cheng CH, Ma HL, Feng J, Su YL, Deng YQ, Guo ZX. Molecular characterization, expression and antimicrobial activities of a c-type lysozyme from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 98:54-64. [PMID: 30986432 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lysozyme is an important immune protein involved in the first line of defense for crustaceans. In the present study, a c-type lysozyme gene (SpLyzC) was cloned and characterized from the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain. The full-length cDNA was 849 bp with an open reading frame of 669 bp, and encoded a polypeptide of 223 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 23.7 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.90. SpLyzC shared conserved active sites with c-type lysozymes from other species, detected in all tested tissues and had higher expression levels in hepatopancreas and gill tissues. The expression of SpLyzC was up-regulated in hepatopancreas and gill after infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus. The density of bacteria in the hemolymph and the mortality of crabs increased following infection with V. parahaemolyticus after SpLyzC expression was silenced by injecting double-strand RNA of SpLyzC. The recombinant protein of the S. paramamosain c-type lysozyme (rSpLyzC) exhibited antibacterial activities against Micrococcus lysodeikticus, S. aureus, Vibrio harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus. These results indicate that SpLyzC could help eliminate bacteria in S. paramamosain and may play an important role in resistance to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China; Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201206, PR China
| | - Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China
| | - Hong-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China
| | - You-Lu Su
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China
| | - Yi-Qin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, PR China; Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201206, PR China.
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Chen C, Li X, Yue L, Jing X, Yang Y, Xu Y, Wu S, Liang Y, Liu X, Zhang X. Purification and characterization of lysozyme from Chinese Lueyang black-bone Silky fowl egg white. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:215-221. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1476887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Lijuan Yue
- Department of Oncology, Hanzhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, China
| | - Xian Jing
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Youmei Xu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Sanqiao Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Yinku Liang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Criscitiello MF. What the shark immune system can and cannot provide for the expanding design landscape of immunotherapy. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:725-39. [PMID: 24836096 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.920818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sharks have successfully lived in marine ecosystems, often atop food chains as apex predators, for nearly one and a half billion years. Throughout this period they have benefitted from an immune system with the same fundamental components found in terrestrial vertebrates like man. Additionally, sharks have some rather extraordinary immune mechanisms which mammals lack. AREAS COVERED In this review the author briefly orients the reader to sharks, their adaptive immunity, and their important phylogenetic position in comparative immunology. The author also differentiates some of the myths from facts concerning these animals, their cartilage, and cancer. From thereon, the author explores some of the more remarkable capabilities and products of shark lymphocytes. Sharks have an isotype of light chain-less antibodies that are useful tools in molecular biology and are moving towards translational use in the clinic. These special antibodies are just one of the several tricks of shark lymphocyte antigen receptor systems. EXPERT OPINION While shark cartilage has not helped oncology patients, shark immunoglobulins and T cell receptors do offer exciting novel possibilities for immunotherapeutics. Much of the clinical immunology developmental pipeline has turned from traditional vaccines to passively delivered monoclonal antibody-based drugs for targeted depletion, activation, blocking and immunomodulation. The immunogenetic tools of shark lymphocytes, battle-tested since the dawn of our adaptive immune system, are well poised to expand the design landscape for the next generation of immunotherapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Criscitiello
- Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology , Mailstop 4467, College Station, TX 77843 , USA +1 979 845 4207 ; +1 979 862 1088 ;
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