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Nardi A, Pittura L, d'Errico G, Cesaroni D, Mongera F, Gorbi S, Benedetti M, Regoli F. Cellular effects of microplastics are influenced by their dimension: Mechanistic relationships and integrated criteria for particles definition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123327. [PMID: 38190878 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The definition of microplastics (MPs) is nowadays too generic from a biological perspective, since different characteristics of these particles might influence their effects. To provide experimental evidence that size is an important factor to be considered, Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed to five size classes of polyethylene fragments (PE-MPs, 20-50 μm, 50-100 μm, 100-250 μm, 250-500 μm, 500-1000 μm). After 10 days of exposure, MPs ingestion and mechanistic relationships between particles size and cellular effects were analysed through a wide panel of biological alterations, including immune system responses, cholinergic function, antioxidant system, lipid metabolism and peroxidation. Results were further elaborated through a Weight of Evidence approach, summarizing the overall biological significance of obtained results in a hazard index based on the number and magnitude of variations and their toxicological relevance. PE-MPs 500-1000 μm were identified as the less biologically reactive size class due to the limited ingestion of particles coupled with the lack of biological effects, followed by PE-MPs 250-500 μm, which slightly altered the cholinergic function and lysosomal membranes. Conversely, PE-MPs smaller than 250 μm provoked a more consistent onset of biological alterations in terms of immune system composition and functioning, redox homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. The overall findings of this study highlight the importance of considering the size of particles for monitoring and risk assessment of MPs, introducing a more integrated evaluation of plastic pollution that, beside particles concentration, should adequately weigh those characteristics triggering the onset of biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Lucia Pittura
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Deborah Cesaroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Mongera
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Maura Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90131, Italy.
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Yang M, Zhang M, Li XL, Deng YW, Jiao Y. Transcriptome analysis revealed the function of five tandemly duplicated nAChRs in the transplantation immunity in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109251. [PMID: 38040133 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that play an important role in the homeostatic regulation of physiological functions. Our previous studies showed that nAChRs in the genome of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (PmnAChRs) were expanded through tandem duplication. This study aimed to analyze the function of five tandemly duplicated PmnAChRs in the transplantation immunity in P. f. martensii. Transcriptome analysis reveals that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared between PmnAChR-RNAi and the control group were functionally involved in Signal transduction, Immune system et al., and most of the related genes were down-regulated in the PmnAChR-RNAi group. The different copies of PmnAChR may regulate transplantation immunity through various pathways, such as Wnt, protein digestion and absorption, Hippo, and gap junction pathway. The inflammation factor interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were down-regulated in PmnAChR-1, 4, 5-RNAi group, and the serum from the pearl oysters in the PmnAChR-1-4-RNAi group could promote the proliferation of the Vibrio harveyi, indicating the immunosuppressive function after down-regulation of PmnAChRs. The different responses of antioxidant enzymes and diverse signal pathways after down-regulation of PmnAChRs suggested that the five tandemly duplicated PmnAChRs may cooperate with different α type PmnAChRs and constitute the functional ion channel in the membrane. Results of this study not only provide insight for the effective regulation of the transplantation immunity, but also provide a theoretical reference for the study of the adaptive evolutionary mechanism of repeating genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Xin Lei Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yue Wen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Gu Z, Yang J, Lu J, Yang M, Deng Y, Jiao Y. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing reveals the function of DNA methylation in the allotransplantation immunity of pearl oysters. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247544. [PMID: 37854612 PMCID: PMC10579932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the pearl culture industry, a major challenge is the overactive immunological response in pearl oysters resulting from allotransplantation, leading to shell-bead rejection and death. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of postoperative recovery and the regulatory role of DNA methylation in gene expression, we analyzed the changes in DNA methylation levels after allotransplantation in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii, and elucidated the regulatory function of DNA methylation in promoter activity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) gene. Methods We constructed nine DNA methylomes at different time points after allotransplantation and used bisulfite genomic sequencing PCR technology (BSP) to verify the methylation status in the promoter of nAChR. We performed Dual luciferase assays to determine the effect of the dense methylation region in the promoter on transcriptional activity and used DNA pull-down and mass spectrometry analysis to assess the capability of transcription factor binding with the dense methylation region. Result The DNA methylomes reveal that CG-type methylation is predominant, with a trend opposite to non-CG-type methylation. Promoters, particularly CpG island-rich regions, were less frequently methylated than gene function elements. We identified 5,679 to 7,945 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in the gene body, and 2,146 to 3,385 DMGs in the promoter at each time point compared to the pre-grafting group. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses showed that these DMGs were mainly associated with "cellular process", "Membrane", "Epstein-Barr virus infection", "Notch signaling pathway", "Fanconi anemia pathway", and "Nucleotide excision repair". Our study also found that the DNA methylation patterns of the promoter region of nAChR gene were consistent with the DNA methylomics data. We further demonstrated that the dense methylation region in the promoter of nAChR affects transcriptional activity, and that the methylation status in the promoter modulates the binding of different transcription factors, particularly transcriptional repressors. Conclusion These findings enhance our understanding of the immune response and regulation mechanism induced by DNA methylation in pearl oysters after allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Gu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingmiao Yang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinzhao Lu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Min Yang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy culture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
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Alesci A, Fumia A, Albano M, Messina E, D'Angelo R, Mangano A, Miller A, Spanò N, Savoca S, Capillo G. Investigating the internal system of defense of Gastropoda Aplysia depilans (Gmelin, 1791): Focus on hemocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108791. [PMID: 37146849 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The internal defense system of mollusks represents an efficient protection against pathogens and parasites, involving several biological immune processes, such as phagocytosis, encapsulation, cytotoxicity, and antigenic recognition of self/non-self. Mollusks possess professional, migratory, and circulating cells that play a key role in the defense of the organism, the hemocytes. Several studies have been performed on hemocytes from different mollusks, but, to date, these cells are still scarcely explored. Different hemocyte populations have been found, according to the presence or absence of granules, size, and the species of mollusks studied. Our study aims to deepen the knowledge of the hemocytes of the gastropod Aplysia depilans using morphological techniques and light and confocal microscopy, testing Toll-like receptor 2, inducible nitric oxide synthetase, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 7 subunit. Our results show two hemocyte populations distinguishable by size, and presence/absence of granules in the cytoplasm, strongly positive for the antibodies tested, suggesting for the first time the presence of these receptors on the surface of sea hare hemocytes by immunohistochemistry. These data help in the understanding of the immune system of this gastropod, providing additional data for comprehending the evolution of the defense response in metazoan phylogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fumia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Padiglione C, A. O. U. Policlinico "G. Martino", 98124, Messina, Italy.
| | - Marco Albano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Emmanuele Messina
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Roberta D'Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Angelica Mangano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Anthea Miller
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, 98100, Messina, Italy.
| | - Serena Savoca
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, 98100, Messina, Italy.
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, 98100, Messina, Italy.
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Kotsyuba E, Dyachuk V. Role of the Neuroendocrine System of Marine Bivalves in Their Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021202. [PMID: 36674710 PMCID: PMC9865615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mollusks comprise one of the largest phylum of marine invertebrates. With their great diversity of species, various degrees of mobility, and specific behavioral strategies, they haveoccupied marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats and play key roles in many ecosystems. This success is explained by their exceptional ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental stresses, such as hypoxia. Most marine bivalvemollusksare exposed to frequent short-term variations in oxygen levels in their marine or estuarine habitats. This stressfactor has caused them to develop a wide variety of adaptive strategies during their evolution, enabling to mobilize rapidly a set of behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and molecular defenses that re-establishing oxygen homeostasis. The neuroendocrine system and its related signaling systems play crucial roles in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in mollusks and, hence, can affect hypoxiatolerance. Little effort has been made to identify the neurotransmitters and genes involved in oxygen homeostasis regulation, and the molecular basis of the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia resistance in hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive bivalve species. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the hypoxia stress response, and the possible contributions of various signaling molecules to this process. We thusprovide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic stress in bivalves, also making comparisons with data from related studies on other species.
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Liu Z, An M, Geng X, Wu Z, Cai W, Tang J, Zhang K, Zhou Z. The scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis relies on neuroendocrine regulation to cope with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under heat stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120565. [PMID: 36332711 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly toxic environmental pollutants and are threatening scleractinian corals. In this study, PAHs treatment did not induce significant physiological responses of the coral Pocillopora damicornis and its algal symbionts, but biological processes including response to toxin, drug metabolic, and oxidation reduction were triggered at the mRNA level. These results implied that PAHs could be a group of slow-acting environmental toxicants, whose effects were moderate but persistent. Besides, it was interesting to find that PAHs activated the neuroendocrine system in the coral by triggering the expression of monoaminergic and acetylcholinergic system related genes, indicating that PAHs might function as environmental hormones. Moreover, the combined treatments of PAHs and heat caused a much obvious effect on the coral and its algal symbionts by elevating antioxidant activity and suppressing photosynthesis in the symbionts. Results from the transcriptome data further indicated that corals might perform stress responses upon PAHs and heat challenges through the TNF and apoptosis pathways, which perhaps was modulated by the neuroendocrine system of corals. Collectively, our survey demonstrates that the PAHs can function as environmental hormones and activate the neuroendocrine regulation in scleractinian corals, which may contribute to the stress responses of symbiotic association by modulating photosynthesis, antioxidation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mingxun An
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xinxing Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhongjie Wu
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, China
| | - Wenqi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, China
| | - Jia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Kaidian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Liu A, Hou X, Zhang J, Wang W, Dong X, Li J, Zhu X, Xing Q, Huang X, Hu J, Bao Z. Tissue-Specific and Time-Dependent Expressions of PC4s in Bay Scallop ( Argopecten irradians irradians) Reveal Function Allocation in Thermal Response. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061057. [PMID: 35741819 PMCID: PMC9223095 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivator p15 (PC4) encodes a structurally conserved but functionally diverse protein that plays crucial roles in RNAP-II-mediated transcription, DNA replication and damage repair. Although structures and functions of PC4 have been reported in most vertebrates and some invertebrates, the PC4 genes were less systematically identified and characterized in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians. In this study, five PC4 genes (AiPC4s) were successfully identified in bay scallops via whole-genome scanning through in silico analysis. Protein structure and phylogenetic analyses of AiPC4s were conducted to determine the identities and evolutionary relationships of these genes. Expression levels of AiPC4s were assessed in embryos/larvae at all developmental stages, in healthy adult tissues and in different tissues (mantles, gills, hemocytes and hearts) being processed under 32 °C stress with different time durations (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 6 d and 10 d). Spatiotemporal expression profiles of AiPC4s suggested the functional roles of the genes in embryos/larvae at all developmental stages and in healthy adult tissues in bay scallop. Expression regulations (up- and down-) of AiPC4s under high-temperature stress displayed both tissue-specific and time-dependent patterns with function allocations, revealing that AiPC4s performed differentiated functions in response to thermal stress. This work provides clues of molecular function allocation of PC4 in scallops in response to thermal stress and helps in illustrating how marine bivalves resist elevated seawater temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Xiujiang Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Junhao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Wen Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Xuecheng Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Jianshu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Xinghai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
| | - Qiang Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-82031969
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jingjie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China (SOI-OUC), Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Yushan Campus, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; (A.L.); (X.H.); (J.Z.); (W.W.); (X.D.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (X.H.); (J.H.); (Z.B.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Zhang X, Pan L, Tong R, Li Y, Si L, Chen Y, Li D. The exploration of neuroendocrine regulation of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) on innate immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei under ammonia-N stress. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:50-64. [PMID: 34454185 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To unveil the neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) mechanism of crustaceans under high ambient ammonia-N, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) in L. vannamei was knocked down under 20 mg/L ammonia-N exposure. The results showed that the expression of CHH in the eyestalks decreased significantly when CHH was silenced. After CHH was knocked down, the levels of CHH, ACh, DA, NE, and 5-HT in the haemolymph decreased significantly. Correspondingly, the expressions of GC, ACh7R, DM1, DA1R, and 5-HT7R in haemocytes down-regulated significantly, while DA4R and α2AR up-regulated significantly. Besides, the expression of Toll3 reduced significantly. And significantly changes occurred in the levels of G protein effectors (AC and PLC), second messengers (cAMP, cGMP, CaM, and DAG), protein kinases (PKA, PKC and PKG), and nuclear transcription factors (CREB, Dorsal, Relish and NKRF). Furthermore, immune defense proteins (BGBP and PPO3, Crustin A, ALF, LYC, TNFα, and IL-16), phagocytosis-related proteins (Cubilin, Integrin, Peroxinectin, Mas-like protein, and Dynamin-1) and exocytosis-related proteins (SNAP-25, VAMP-2 and Syntaxin) changed significantly. Eventually, a significant decrease in the levels of THC, haemocytes phagocytosis rate, plasma PO, antibacterial and bacteriolytic activities was detected. Therefore, these results indicate that under ammonia-N stress, the combination of CHH and GC mainly affects exocytosis of shrimp through the cGMP-PKG-CREB pathway. Simultaneously, CHH stimulates the release of biogenic amines, and then activate G protein effectors after binding to their specific receptors, to regulate exocytosis mainly via the cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway and influence phagocytosis primarily by the cAMP-PKA-NF-κB pathway. CHH can enhance ACh, and then activate G protein effectors after binding to the receptors, and finally regulate exocytosis mainly through the cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway and regulate phagocytosis by the cAMP-PKA-NF-κB pathway. CHH can also promote Toll3-NF-κB pathway, thereby affecting the expressions of immune defense factors. This study contributes to a further understanding of the NEI mechanism of crustacean in response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Ruixue Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Yufen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Lingjun Si
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Yuanjing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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Cao Y, Tian R, Shi S, Du X, Jiao Y. Characterization and expression analysis of tandemly duplicated nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in pearl oysters after stimulation of pathogen-related molecular patterns. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 256:110615. [PMID: 33974989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a class of ligand-gated ion channels that participate in signal transduction and are reported to play an important role in the immunomodulation of vertebrates and invertebrates. Previous studies have shown that the nAChRs in mollusks have undergone large-scale expansion after tandem repeats and retrotransposition, with the most expansion observed in bivalves. This study characterized the sequence of a tandem repeat nAChR unique to several bivalve mollusks and investigated its functions in Pinctada fucata martensii. Firstly, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the tandem arrays of nAChRs existed before bivalve differentiation and m ost tandem-replicated nAChR genes have a conserved genomic structure and domain combination. In present study, five tandemly duplicated nAChR genes were cloned from P. f. martensii and designated as PmnAChR-1 to PmnAChR-5. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that five PmnAChRs were specifically expressed in adult gills. In addition, after PAMP stimulation, the expression of PmnAChRs in hemocytes of P. f. martensii were strongly induced but exhibited different responses to different stimuli. PmnAChR-1, PmnAChR-4, and PmnAChR-5 exhibited strong and wide responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation but had no response to peptidoglycan (PGN) stimulation. PmnAChR-2 expression was notably upregulated at 6 h after PGN challenge but had no response to LPS stimulation. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid challenge upregulated nearly all PmnAChRs, except for PmnAChR-5. Furthermore, Pm-miR-873-3p, Pm-miR-4577, Pm-miR-103a-3p, and Pm-miR-6753-3p were identified as the regulatory miRNA of PmnAChR-1, PmnAChR-3, PmnAChR-4, and PmnAChR-5, respectively. These findings suggested that these tandem arrays of nAChRs are unique to bivalves, and the tandem duplication of nAChR genes may be involved in the immune regulation process after pathogen stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Rongrong Tian
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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10
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Cao Y, Tian R, Jiao Y, Zheng Z, Wang Q, Deng Y, Du X. Novel nicotinic acetylcholine receptor involved in immune regulation in pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 252:110512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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11
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Jiao Y, Cao Y, Zheng Z, Liu M, Guo X. Massive expansion and diversity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in lophotrochozoans. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:937. [PMID: 31805848 PMCID: PMC6896357 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are among the oldest and most conserved transmembrane receptors involved in signal transduction. Despite the prevalence and significance of cholinergic signaling, the diversity and evolution of nAChRs are not fully understood. Result By comparative genomic analysis, we found massive expansions of nAChR genes in molluscs and some other lophotrochozoans. The expansion is particularly pronounced in stationary bivalve molluscs with simple nervous systems, with the number of nAChR genes ranging from 99 to 217 in five bivalves, compared with 10 to 29 in five ecdysozoans and vertebrates. The expanded molluscan nAChR genes tend to be intronless and in tandem arrays due to retroposition followed by tandem duplication. Phylogenetic analysis revealed diverse nAChR families in the common ancestor of bilaterians, which subsequently experienced lineage-specific expansions or contractions. The expanded molluscan nAChR genes are highly diverse in sequence, domain structure, temporal and spatial expression profiles, implying diversified functions. Some molluscan nAChR genes are expressed in early development before the development of the nervous system, while others are involved in immune and stress responses. Conclusion The massive expansion and diversification of nAChR genes in bivalve molluscs may be a compensation for reduced nervous systems as part of adaptation to stationary life under dynamic environments, while in vertebrates a subset of specialized nAChRs are retained to work with advanced nervous systems. The unprecedented diversity identified in molluscs broadens our view on the evolution and function of nAChRs that are critical to animal physiology and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China.,Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ, 08349, USA
| | - Yanfei Cao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ, 08349, USA
| | - Ximing Guo
- Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ, 08349, USA.
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12
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Zhao Z, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhang C, Kuang P, Zhou Z, Zhang G, Wang Z, Zhang B, Shi X. The ethanol extract of honeysuckle stem modulates the innate immunity of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis against Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:304-311. [PMID: 30125699 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Honeysuckle stem had been used as feed additives to modulate immunity in breeding industry, which was limited in the aquaculture field. In this study, the immunomodulation of honeysuckle stem ethanol extract (designed as HSE) on Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis was detected. The crabs fed with HSE diets for 30 days had higher level of the total haemocyte count (HTC), lysozyme activity and PO activity (P < 0.05), and had no obvious affect on the phagocytic activity, NO and TNF-α level. When challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila (1.0 × 107 colony-forming units), HSE exhibited weak antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila and increased survival rate of crabs. The decreasing of THC and the increasing of TNF-α concentration, EsCaspase and EsLITAF mRNA expression level were all inhibited significantly by HSE treatment (P < 0.05), when the crabs were challenged by A. hydrophila. Moreover, the following immune parameters of crabs were enhanced by HSE treatment after A. hydrophila infection, including the rising of phagocytosis index and phagocytic rate of haemocyte, the rising of lysozyme, PO, NOS activities and nitric oxide concentration (P < 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that HSE had great potential to develop into feed additive of crabs, which could enhance the innate immunity of Chinese mitten crabs E. sinensis effectively after A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Haijuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Pengqun Kuang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guizhi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Bianbian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
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13
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Wang L, Song X, Song L. The oyster immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:99-118. [PMID: 28587860 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oysters, the common name for a number of different bivalve molluscs, are the worldwide aquaculture species and also play vital roles in the function of ecosystem. As invertebrate, oysters have evolved an integrated, highly complex innate immune system to recognize and eliminate various invaders via an array of orchestrated immune reactions, such as immune recognition, signal transduction, synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, as well as encapsulation and phagocytosis of the circulating haemocytes. The hematopoietic tissue, hematopoiesis, and the circulating haemocytes have been preliminary characterized, and the detailed annotation of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas genome has revealed massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in this animal. Moreover, immune priming and maternal immune transfer are reported in oysters, suggesting the adaptability of invertebrate immunity. Apoptosis and autophagy are proved to be important immune mechanisms in oysters. This review will summarize the research progresses of immune system and the immunomodulation mechanisms of the primitive catecholaminergic, cholinergic, neuropeptides, GABAergic and nitric oxidase system, which possibly make oysters ideal model for studying the origin and evolution of immune system and the neuroendocrine-immune regulatory network in lower invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, DalianOcean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaorui Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, DalianOcean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, DalianOcean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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14
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Liu Z, Wang L, Lv Z, Zhou Z, Wang W, Li M, Yi Q, Qiu L, Song L. The Cholinergic and Adrenergic Autocrine Signaling Pathway Mediates Immunomodulation in Oyster Crassostrea gigas. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535711 PMCID: PMC5834419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that neurotransmitters impose direct influence on regulation of the immune process. Recently, a simple but sophisticated neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system was identified in oyster, which modulated neural immune response via a "nervous-hemocyte"-mediated neuroendocrine immunomodulatory axis (NIA)-like pathway. In the present study, the de novo synthesis of neurotransmitters and their immunomodulation in the hemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas were investigated to understand the autocrine/paracrine pathway independent of the nervous system. After hemocytes were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, acetylcholine (ACh), and norepinephrine (NE) in the cell supernatants, both increased to a significantly higher level (2.71- and 2.40-fold, p < 0.05) comparing with that in the control group. The mRNA expression levels and protein activities of choline O-acetyltransferase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in hemocytes which were involved in the synthesis of ACh and NE were significantly elevated at 1 h after LPS stimulation, while the activities of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase, two enzymes essential in the metabolic inactivation of ACh and NE, were inhibited. These results demonstrated the existence of the sophisticated intracellular machinery for the generation, release and inactivation of ACh and NE in oyster hemocytes. Moreover, the hemocyte-derived neurotransmitters could in turn regulate the mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and lysosome, and hemocyte phagocytosis. The phagocytic activities of hemocytes, the mRNA expressions of TNF and the activities of key immune-related enzymes were significantly changed after the block of ACh and NE receptors with different kinds of antagonists, suggesting that autocrine/paracrine self-regulation was mediated by transmembrane receptors on hemocyte. The present study proved that oyster hemocyte could de novo synthesize and release cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmitters, and the hemocyte-derived ACh/NE could then execute a negative regulation on hemocyte phagocytosis and synthesis of immune effectors with similar autocrine/paracrine signaling pathway identified in vertebrate macrophages. Findings in the present study demonstrated that the immune and neuroendocrine system evolved from a common origin and enriched our knowledge on the evolution of NEI system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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15
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Jiang Q, Wang L, Yi Q, Qiu L, Song L. The neuroendocrine immunomodulatory axis-like pathway mediated by circulating haemocytes in pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Open Biol 2017; 7:rsob.160289. [PMID: 28077596 PMCID: PMC5303279 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) regulatory network is a complex system, which plays an indispensable role in the immunity of host. In this study, a neuroendocrine immunomodulatory axis (NIA)-like pathway mediated by the nervous system and haemocytes was characterized in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Once invaded pathogen was recognized by the host, the nervous system would temporally release neurotransmitters to modulate the immune response. Instead of acting passively, oyster haemocytes were able to mediate neuronal immunomodulation promptly by controlling the expression of specific neurotransmitter receptors on cell surface and modulating their binding sensitivities, thus regulating intracellular concentration of Ca2+. This neural immunomodulation mediated by the nervous system and haemocytes could influence cellular immunity in oyster by affecting mRNA expression level of TNF genes, and humoral immunity by affecting the activities of key immune-related enzymes. In summary, though simple in structure, the ‘nervous-haemocyte’ NIA-like pathway regulates both cellular and humoral immunity in oyster, meaning a world to the effective immune regulation of the NEI network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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16
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Wu YS, Lee MC, Huang CT, Kung TC, Huang CY, Nan FH. Effects of traditional medical herbs "minor bupleurum decoction" on the non-specific immune responses of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 64:218-225. [PMID: 28288911 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study is investigating the effect of minor bupleurum decoction (Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction) on the non-specific immune response of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To determine prophenoloxidase activity (proPO), reactive oxygen species production (ROS), superoxide anion production (O2-), nitric oxide production (NO), phagocytic rate (PR), phagocytic index (PI), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), total haemocyte count (THC) and differential haemocyte count (DHC). In this experiment, treating with different dosages (0, 0.25, 0.5 and, 1%) of minor bupleurum decoction to detect immune parameters on day 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Result is shown that 0.25% treatment significantly enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and, 0.25 and 1% treatment significantly increased the ROS production, nitric oxide (NO) production and phagocytic rate (PR) moreover, 0.5 and 1% treatment induced the proPO activity and superoxide anion (O2-) production. Evidence exactly indicated that minor bupleurum decoction is able to enhance the non-specific immunity responses of white shrimp via in vivo examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Chou Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Ting Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Chi Kung
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20248, Taiwan, ROC.
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17
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Wang L, Dong W, Qiu L, Song L. The cholinergic immune regulation mediated by a novel muscarinic acetylcholine receptor through TNF pathway in oyster Crassostrea gigas. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 65:139-148. [PMID: 27394930 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic receptors, which selectively take muscarine as their ligand, are critical for the immunological and physiological processes in animals. In the present study, the open region frame (ORF) of a homologue of muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (mAChR) was amplified from oyster Crassostrea gigas (named as CgmAChR-1), whose full length was 1983 bp and the protein it encoded contained 660 amino acids with a seven transmembrane region. Phylogeny analysis suggested that CgmAChR-1 shared homology with M5 muscarinic receptor found in invertebrates including Habropoda laboriosa, Acromyrmex echinatior and Echinococcus granulosus. After cell transfection of CgmAChR-1 into HEK293T cells and ACh incubation, the level of intracellular Ca(2+) and cAMP increased significantly (p < 0.05). Such trend could be reverted with the addition of M3 and M5 muscarinic receptor antagonists DAMP and DAR. The CgmAChR-1 transcripts were ubiquitously detectable in seven different tissues with the maximal expression level in adductor muscle. When the oysters received LPS stimulation, CgmAChR-1 mRNA expression in haemocyte was increased to the highest level (6.05-fold, p < 0.05) at 24 h, while blocking CgmAChR-1 using receptor antagonists before LPS stimulation promoted the expression of oyster TNF, resulting in the increase of haemocyte apoptosis index. These results suggested that CgmAChR-1 was the key molecule in cholinergic neuroendocrine-immune system contributing to the regulation of TNF expression and apoptosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Wenjing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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18
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Wu YS, Chen YY, Ueng PS, Nan FH. Effects of medicinal herbs "Plantago asiatica", "Houttuynia cordata" and "Mentha haplocalyx" on non-specific immune responses of cobia (Rachycentron canadum). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:406-414. [PMID: 27666192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of orally administered Plantago asiatica, Houttuynia cordata, and Mentha haplocalyx on the growth and nonspecific immune responses of cobia (Rachycentron canadum). The nonspecific immune parameters assessed were weight gain, feed conversion ratio, superoxide anion (O2-) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, phagocytic rate, phagocytic index, lysozyme activity, serum albumin and globulin, and albumin:globulin (A/G) ratio. The growth experiment indicated that 6-week dietary treatments did not significantly affect on the growth of cobia. Nonspecific immune responses showed that O2- production, SOD and lysozyme activity, and phagocytosis were significantly increased after the oral administration of P. asiatica and H. cordata, and the serum albumin:globulin ratio (A/G) gradually decreased. In this study, treatment of the Mentha haplocalyx on the cobia didn't present with the inducing of the phagocytosis ability compared with the treatment of P. asiatica and H. cordata. We suggest that oral administration of the 10 g/kg or 20 g/kg of the P. asiatica and H. cordata is exactly inducing the phagocytosis, ROS production, lysozyme activity and SOD production in the cobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20248, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yu Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20248, Taiwan
| | - Pien-Sheng Ueng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Penghu, 880, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20248, Taiwan.
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