1
|
Haidar L, Georgescu M, Drăghici GA, Bănățean-Dunea I, Nica DV, Șerb AF. DNA Methylation Machinery in Gastropod Mollusks. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:537. [PMID: 38672807 PMCID: PMC11050768 DOI: 10.3390/life14040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of DNA methylation in mollusks is just beginning to be understood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on this potent molecular hallmark of epigenetic control in gastropods-the largest class of mollusks and ubiquitous inhabitants of diverse habitats. Their DNA methylation machinery shows a high degree of conservation in CG maintenance methylation mechanisms, driven mainly by DNMT1 homologues, and the presence of MBD2 and MBD2/3 proteins as DNA methylation readers. The mosaic-like DNA methylation landscape occurs mainly in a CG context and is primarily confined to gene bodies and housekeeping genes. DNA methylation emerges as a critical regulator of reproduction, development, and adaptation, with tissue-specific patterns being observed in gonadal structures. Its dynamics also serve as an important regulatory mechanism underlying learning and memory processes. DNA methylation can be affected by various environmental stimuli, including as pathogens and abiotic stresses, potentially impacting phenotypic variation and population diversity. Overall, the features of DNA methylation in gastropods are complex, being an essential part of their epigenome. However, comprehensive studies integrating developmental stages, tissues, and environmental conditions, functional annotation of methylated regions, and integrated genomic-epigenomic analyses are lacking. Addressing these knowledge gaps will advance our understanding of gastropod biology, ecology, and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Haidar
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies (CIFBIOTEH), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Georgescu
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania;
- Center of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies (CIFBIOTEH), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - George Andrei Drăghici
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Bănățean-Dunea
- Biology and Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Dragoș Vasile Nica
- The National Institute of Research—Development for Machines and Installations Designed for Agriculture and Food Industry (INMA), Bulevardul Ion Ionescu de la Brad 6, 077190 București, Romania
| | - Alina-Florina Șerb
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Biochemistry Discipline, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baudry T, Millet L, Jarne P, David P, Grandjean F. Multiple invasions and predation: The impact of the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus on invasive and native snails. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11191. [PMID: 38571792 PMCID: PMC10985378 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The pace of biological invasions has increased in recent decades, leading to multiple invasions and the potential dominance of invasive species, destabilizing local ecological networks. This provides opportunities to study new ecological species interactions, including predation. Tropical freshwaters have been particularly concerned by aquatic invasions and we focused here on the Martinique island (Lesser Antilles). We examined the predator-prey relationships involving invasive Thiarid snails (Tarebia granifera and Melanoides tuberculata) and the native Neritina punctulata, both confronted with a newcomer predator, the redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). We conducted several mesocosm experiments to assess the impact of crayfish predation on snail survival and the passive and active antipredator responses of snails. A first experiment indicated snail survival rates between 50% and 80%, depending on crayfish size and sex. Notably, there was a negative correlation between snail survival and male crayfish size and the predation method (shell crushing vs. "body sucking") varied with crayfish size. The second experiment suggested no refuge size for snails, with both very small (<5 mm) and very large (>5 mm) unable to escape predation, regardless of crayfish size (from 77 to 138 mm) or sex. Finally, we investigated the escape behavior of Thiarids regarding three crayfish cues. Melanoides tuberculata tend to bury in the substrate and T. granifera to climb up aquarium walls, what was expected from their shell morphologies, and both responding to crayfish cues within minutes. Overall, C. quadricarinatus proves to be an efficient snail predator with limited escape options for snails, potentially contributing to the decline of certain snail populations in Martinique. This omnivorous predator might impact other native species across different groups, including shrimps and fish. Our study underscores the urgent need for monitoring efforts, solidifying the redclaw crayfish reputation as a dangerous invasive species for freshwater macrobenthic faunas worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Baudry
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie Des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267 Equipe Ecologie Evolution SymbioseUniversité de PoitiersPoitiers CedexFrance
| | - Lola Millet
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie Des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267 Equipe Ecologie Evolution SymbioseUniversité de PoitiersPoitiers CedexFrance
| | - Philippe Jarne
- CEFE, CNRS ‐ Univ Montpellier ‐ IRD – EPHEMontpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Patrice David
- CEFE, CNRS ‐ Univ Montpellier ‐ IRD – EPHEMontpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Frédéric Grandjean
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie Des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267 Equipe Ecologie Evolution SymbioseUniversité de PoitiersPoitiers CedexFrance
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh N, Brown AN, Gold MH. Snail extract for skin: A review of uses, projections, and limitations. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:1113-1121. [PMID: 38429932 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snail mucin is becoming increasingly popular for its wide range of ingredients and potential benefits. Snail extract's widespread appearance in cosmetic formulations encourages an investigation into the medical and cosmetic benefits. AIMS This study aims to explore current literature on the variety of snail mucin applications. Specifically, we present a review of the uses, global market estimates and projects, and limitations to snail mucin. METHODS A literature search was conducted on PubMed reviewing snail mucin and their application in medical and dermatologic fields examining their uses. Economic reports were also investigated for Global Market estimates. RESULTS The therapeutic use of snail mucin in medical fields has been studied as antimicrobial agents, drug delivery vehicles, antitumor agents, wound healing agents, and biomaterial coatings among others. Additionally, the use in cosmetic fields includes antiaging, hydrating, anti-acne, scarring, and hyperpigmentation treatments. It is important to highlight that most studies conducted were preclinical or small clinical studies, stressing the need for additional large-scale clinical trials to support these claims. Investigations into the global market found estimates ranging from $457 million to $1.2 billion with upward projections in the upcoming decade. Limitations include ethical habitats for collection, allergy investigation, and missing clinical studies. CONCLUSIONS The findings presented here emphasize the expanding uses of snail mucin and its ingredients alongside a growing market cosmetic industry should consider. We also emphasize the need for appropriate clinical trials into the stated benefits of snail mucin to ensure consumer safety and ethical extraction of mucin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Singh
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Angela N Brown
- Gold Skin Care Center, Tennessee Clinical Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michael H Gold
- Gold Skin Care Center, Tennessee Clinical Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tejada-Purizaca TR, Garcia-Chevesich PA, Ticona-Quea J, Martínez G, Martínez K, Morales-Paredes L, Romero-Mariscal G, Arenazas-Rodríguez A, Vanzin G, Sharp JO, McCray JE. Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation in Peruvian Food and Medicinal Products. Foods 2024; 13:762. [PMID: 38472875 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To better query regional sources of metal(loid) exposure in an under-communicated region, available scientific literature from 50 national universities (undergraduate and graduate theses and dissertations), peer-reviewed journals, and reports published in Spanish and English were synthesized with a focus on metal(loid) bioaccumulation in Peruvian food and medicinal products utilized locally. The study considered 16 metal(loid)s that are known to exert toxic impacts on humans (Hg, Al, Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Sn, Ni, Ag, Pb, Se, Tl, Ti, and U). A total of 1907 individual analyses contained within 231 scientific publications largely conducted by Peruvian universities were analyzed. These analyses encompassed 239 reported species classified into five main food/medicinal groups-plants, fish, macroinvertebrates and mollusks, mammals, and "others" category. Our benchmark for comparison was the World Health Organization (Codex Alimentarius) standards. The organisms most frequently investigated included plants such as asparagus, corn, cacao, and rice; fish varieties like trout, tuna, and catfish; macroinvertebrates and mollusks including crab and shrimp; mammals such as alpaca, cow, chicken eggs, and milk; and other categories represented by propolis, honey, lichen, and edible frog. Bioaccumulation-related research increased from 2 to more than 25 publications per year between 2006 and 2022. The results indicate that Peruvian food and natural medicinal products can have dangerous levels of metal(loid)s, which can cause health problems for consumers. Many common and uncommon food/medicinal products and harmful metals identified in this analysis are not regulated on the WHO's advisory lists, suggesting the urgent need for stronger regulations to ensure public safety. In general, Cd and Pb are the metals that violated WHO standards the most, although commonly non-WHO regulated metals such as Hg, Al, As, Cr, and Ni are also a concern. Metal concentrations found in Peru are on many occasions much higher than what has been reported elsewhere. We conclude that determining the safety of food/medicinal products is challenging due to varying metal concentrations that are influenced not only by metal type but also geographical location. Given the scarcity of research findings in many regions of Peru, urgent attention is required to address this critical knowledge gap and implement effective regulatory measures to protect public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Tejada-Purizaca
- Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Pablo A Garcia-Chevesich
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Intergubernamental Hydrological Programme, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Montevideo 11200, Uruguay
| | - Juana Ticona-Quea
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Gisella Martínez
- Facultad de Geología, Geofísica y Minas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Kattia Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Lino Morales-Paredes
- Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Giuliana Romero-Mariscal
- Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Armando Arenazas-Rodríguez
- Departamento Académico de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru
| | - Gary Vanzin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jonathan O Sharp
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - John E McCray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guglielmi MV, Mastrodonato M, Semeraro D, Mentino D, Capriello T, La Pietra A, Giarra A, Scillitani G, Ferrandino I. Aluminum exposure alters the pedal mucous secretions of the chocolate-band snail, Eobania vermiculata (Gastropoda: Helicidae). Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 38407429 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is used in everyday life and present in food drugs, packaging, industry, and agriculture. Although it is the most common metal in the Earth crust, a correlation has been demonstrated between its presence and various pathologies, even serious ones, especially of a neurological type. However, there is a histological gap regarding the role Al can have in contact with the covering and secreting epithelia. The alterations of the ventral and dorsal foot mucocytes and their secretions of the snail Eobania vermiculata caused by Al were investigated in situ by histochemical and lectin-histochemical techniques. Administration to different experimental groups took place for 3 and 9 days with 50 and 200 μM of AlCl3 . Several types of mucocytes were detected with a prevalent secretion of acid glycans in the foot of E. vermiculata. Sulfated glycans prevail in the dorsal region, with one type showing only fucosylated residues and another also having galactosaminylated and glycosaminylated residues. Carboxylated glycans prevail in the ventral region, with presence of galactosaminylated, glycosaminylated, and fucosylated residuals in both cells. Snails treated presented a general decrease of mucin amount in the secreting cells and affected the mucus composition. These changes could alter the rheological and functional properties of the mucus with possible implications for the health of the treated animals. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Snails were fed with Al-contaminated lettuce at different concentrations. In the foot mucocytes produced mucus with prevailing acidic glycans. In the treated resulted a reduction in the amount of mucus and an alteration of glycan composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vito Guglielmi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Mastrodonato
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Semeraro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Donatella Mentino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scillitani
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anthony CJ, Bentlage B, Helm RR. Animal evolution at the ocean's water-air interface. Curr Biol 2024; 34:196-203.e2. [PMID: 38194916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Innovation is a key to evolutionary success and entrance into novel ecosystems.1 Species that float freely at the ocean's surface, termed obligate neuston (also called pleuston, here referred to simply as neuston), include highly specialized taxa from distinct evolutionary lineages that evolved floating morphologies.2 In 1958, Soviet scientist, A.I. Savilov,3 stated that floating animal species are derived from benthic ancestors, rather than species from the adjacent pelagic zone, and that floating morphologies are homologous to benthic attachment structures. To test Savilov's hypothesis, we constructed molecular phylogenies and ancestral states for all major floating groups for which molecular data were available. Our results reveal that four of the five clades examined arose directly from a substrate-attached ancestor, although that substrate was not necessarily the benthos, as Savilov stated, and instead included epibiotic and rafting ancestors. Despite their diverse evolutionary origins, floating animals use gas-trapping mechanisms to remain at the surface,4,5,6 and many of these gas-trapping structures appear to be homologous to substrate attachment structures. We also reconstruct the trophic habits of floating mollusks and their sister species, revealing that prey preference remains conserved upon entering the ocean's surface ecosystem. Colonization of the ocean's surface seems to have occurred through successive evolutionary steps from the seafloor. Our results suggest that these steps often included transitions through epibiotic (where species attach to other living organisms) or rafting (where species attach to floating debris) habits. The water-air interface, despite its unique properties, may, in some ways, be just another substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Anthony
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96913, USA
| | - Bastian Bentlage
- Marine Laboratory, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96913, USA
| | - Rebecca R Helm
- Earth Commons Institute, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Drozdov A, Lebedev E, Adonin L. Comparative Analysis of Bivalve and Sea Urchin Genetics and Development: Investigating the Dichotomy in Bilateria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17163. [PMID: 38138992 PMCID: PMC10742642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review presents a comparative analysis of early embryogenesis in Protostomia and Deuterostomia, the first of which exhibit a mosaic pattern of development, where cells are fated deterministically, while Deuterostomia display a regulatory pattern of development, where the fate of cells is indeterminate. Despite these fundamental differences, there are common transcriptional mechanisms that underline their evolutionary linkages, particularly in the field of functional genomics. By elucidating both conserved and unique regulatory strategies, this review provides essential insights into the comparative embryology and developmental dynamics of these groups. The objective of this review is to clarify the shared and distinctive characteristics of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. This will contribute to the extensive areas of functional genomics, evolutionary biology and developmental biology, and possibly lay the foundation for future research and discussion on this seminal topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoliy Drozdov
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Egor Lebedev
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - Leonid Adonin
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia;
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McElroy KE, Audino JA, Serb JM. Molluscan Genomes Reveal Extensive Differences in Photopigment Evolution Across the Phylum. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad263. [PMID: 38039155 PMCID: PMC10733189 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In animals, opsins and cryptochromes are major protein families that transduce light signals when bound to light-absorbing chromophores. Opsins are involved in various light-dependent processes, like vision, and have been co-opted for light-independent sensory modalities. Cryptochromes are important photoreceptors in animals, generally regulating circadian rhythm, they belong to a larger protein family with photolyases, which repair UV-induced DNA damage. Mollusks are great animals to explore questions about light sensing as eyes have evolved multiple times across, and within, taxonomic classes. We used molluscan genome assemblies from 80 species to predict protein sequences and examine gene family evolution using phylogenetic approaches. We found extensive opsin family expansion and contraction, particularly in bivalve xenopsins and gastropod Go-opsins, while other opsins, like retinochrome, rarely duplicate. Bivalve and gastropod lineages exhibit fluctuations in opsin repertoire, with cephalopods having the fewest number of opsins and loss of at least 2 major opsin types. Interestingly, opsin expansions are not limited to eyed species, and the highest opsin content was seen in eyeless bivalves. The dynamic nature of opsin evolution is quite contrary to the general lack of diversification in mollusk cryptochromes, though some taxa, including cephalopods and terrestrial gastropods, have reduced repertoires of both protein families. We also found complete loss of opsins and cryptochromes in multiple, but not all, deep-sea species. These results help set the stage for connecting genomic changes, including opsin family expansion and contraction, with differences in environmental, and biological features across Mollusca.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle E McElroy
- Ecology, Evolutionary, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jorge A Audino
- Ecology, Evolutionary, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Zoology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeanne M Serb
- Ecology, Evolutionary, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lewbart GA, Zachariah TT. Aquatic and Terrestrial Invertebrate Welfare. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3375. [PMID: 37958134 PMCID: PMC10649180 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Invertebrates are a diverse group of animals that make up the majority of the animal kingdom and encompass a wide array of species with varying adaptations and characteristics. Invertebrates are found in nearly all of the world's habitats, including aquatic, marine, and terrestrial environments. There are many misconceptions about invertebrate sentience, welfare requirements, the need for environmental enrichment, and overall care and husbandry for this amazing group of animals. This review addresses these topics and more for a select group of invertebrates with biomedical, economical, display, and human companionship importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A. Lewbart
- College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Trevor T. Zachariah
- Brevard Zoo|Sea Turtle Healing Center, 8225 North Wickham Road, Melbourne, FL 32940, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khursheed M, Ghelani H, Jan RK, Adrian TE. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Seaweeds, Bryozoans, Jellyfish, Shellfish and Peanut Worms. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:524. [PMID: 37888459 PMCID: PMC10608083 DOI: 10.3390/md21100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a defense mechanism of the body in response to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, toxic compounds or radiation. However, chronic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. Multiple anti-inflammatory drugs are currently available for the treatment of inflammation, but all exhibit less efficacy. This drives the search for new anti-inflammatory compounds focusing on natural resources. Marine organisms produce a broad spectrum of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory activities. Several are considered as lead compounds for development into drugs. Anti-inflammatory compounds have been extracted from algae, corals, seaweeds and other marine organisms. We previously reviewed anti-inflammatory compounds, as well as crude extracts isolated from echinoderms such as sea cucumbers, sea urchins and starfish. In the present review, we evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of compounds from other marine organisms, including macroalgae (seaweeds), marine angiosperms (seagrasses), medusozoa (jellyfish), bryozoans (moss animals), mollusks (shellfish) and peanut worms. We also present a review of the molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds. Our objective in this review is to provide an overview of the current state of research on anti-inflammatory compounds from marine sources and the prospects for their translation into novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas E. Adrian
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates; (M.K.); (H.G.); (R.K.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mancusi A, Proroga YTR, Giordano A, Girardi S, D’Orilia F, Pinto R, Sarnelli P, Rinaldi L, Capuano F, Maurelli MP. First application of a droplet digital PCR to detect Toxoplasma gondii in mussels. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1238689. [PMID: 37744920 PMCID: PMC10514481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1238689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the main food-, water- and soil-borne zoonotic disease worldwide. Over the past 20 years many papers were published on the transmission of T. gondii by marine animals, including mollusks, which can concentrate the oocysts and release them. Sporulated oocysts may remain viable and infective for 18 months in seawater. Therefore, raw or undercooked bivalve mollusks pose a risk to humans. This study aimed to apply and validate for the first time a very sensitive digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) protocol to detect and quantify T. gondii DNA in mussels. Four concentration levels: 8000 genomic copies (gc)/μL, 800 gc/μL, 80 gc/μL, 8 gc/μL of a T. gondii reference DNA were tested. DNA was extracted from 80 pools of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Forty pools were contaminated with T. gondii reference DNA and used as positive controls, while 40 pools were used as negative controls. DdPCR reaction was prepared using a protocol, previously developed by the authors, for detection of T. gondii in meat. Amplification was obtained up 8 gc/μL. All infected replicates resulted positive, as well as no droplets were detected in negative controls. The droplets produced in the reaction ranged from 8,828 to 14,075 (average 12,627 droplets). The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR were 100% (95%CI = 94.3-99.9). In addition, 100 pools of mussels collected in the Gulf of Naples were used to validate the protocol. Of these 16% were positive (95% CI = 9.7-25.0) for T. gondii. Samples were also tested by real-time PCR and no positive samples were found. Data obtained from ddPCR showed good identification of negative and positive samples with higher specificity and efficiency than real-time PCR. This tool could be very useful for a rapid sensitive detection of low DNA concentrations of T. gondii in mussels, reducing the risk of toxoplasmosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mancusi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Angela Giordano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Santa Girardi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Renato Pinto
- UOD Prevenzione e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Sarnelli
- UOD Prevenzione e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Sanità Animale (CReSan), Salerno, Italy
- Unit of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Capuano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Maurelli
- Unit of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao M, Lin Z, Zheng Z, Yao D, Yang S, Zhao Y, Chen X, Aweya JJ, Zhang Y. The mechanisms and factors that induce trained immunity in arthropods and mollusks. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241934. [PMID: 37744346 PMCID: PMC10513178 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides dividing the organism's immune system into adaptive and innate immunity, it has long been thought that only adaptive immunity can establish immune memory. However, many studies have shown that innate immunity can also build immunological memory through epigenetic reprogramming and modifications to resist pathogens' reinfection, known as trained immunity. This paper reviews the role of mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications and describes the molecular foundation in the trained immunity of arthropods and mollusks. Mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic modifications complement each other and play a key role in trained immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shen Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Y, Ninomiya A, Yoshinaga T, Itoh N. Identification of glycine betaine as a host-derived molecule required for the vegetative proliferation of the protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni. Parasitology 2023; 150:939-949. [PMID: 37565486 PMCID: PMC10577664 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Perkinsus olseni is an industrially significant protozoan parasite of Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. So far, various media, based on Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium and Ham's F-12 nutrient mixture with supplementation of fetal bovine serum (FBS), have been developed to proliferate the parasitizing trophozoite stage of P. olseni. The present study showed that P. olseni did not proliferate in FBS-deficient Perkinsus broth medium (PBMΔF), but proliferated well in PBMΔF supplemented with tissue extract of host Manila clams, indicating that FBS and Manila clam tissue contained molecule(s) required for P. olseni proliferation. Preliminary characterization suggested that the host-derived molecule(s) was a heat-stable molecule(s) with a molecular weight of less than 3 kDa, and finally a single molecule required for the proliferation was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography processes. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses identified this molecule as glycine betaine (=trimethylglycine), and the requirement of this molecule for P. olsseni proliferation was confirmed by an assay using chemically synthesized, standard glycine betaine. Although glycine betaine was required for the proliferation of all examined Perkinsus species, supplementation of glycine betaine precursors, such as choline and betaine aldehyde, enhanced the proliferation of 4 Perkinsus species (P. marinus, P. chesapeaki, P. mediterraneus and P. honshuensis), but not of 2 others (P. olseni and P. beihaiensis). Thus, it was concluded that the ability to biosynthesise glycine betaine from its precursors varied among Perkinsus species, and that P. olseni and P. beihaiensis lack the ability required to biosynthesize glycine betaine for proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Liu
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ninomiya
- Laboratory of Aquatic Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Yoshinaga
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Itoh
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morino Y, Yoshikawa H. Role of maternal spiralian-specific homeobox gene SPILE-E in the specification of blastomeres along the animal-vegetal axis during the early cleavage stages of mollusks. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:384-394. [PMID: 37392142 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Spiralians, one of the major clades of bilaterians, share a unique development known as spiralian development, characterized by the formation of tiers of cells called quartets, which exhibit different developmental potentials along the animal-vegetal axis. Recently, spiralian-specific TALE-type homeobox genes (SPILE) have been identified, some of which show zygotic and staggered expression patterns along the animal-vegetal axis and function in quartet specification in mollusks. However, it is unclear which maternal molecular components control the zygotic expression of these transcription factors. In this study, we focused on SPILE-E, a maternal transcription factor, and investigated its expression and function in mollusks. We found that the maternal and ubiquitous expression of SPILE-E in the cleavage stages is conserved in molluskan species, including limpets, mussels, and chitons. We knocked down SPILE-E in limpets and revealed that the expression of transcription factors specifically expressed in the first quartet (1q2 ; foxj1b) and second quartet (2q; SPILE-B) was abolished, whereas the macromere-quartet marker (SPILE-C) was ectopically expressed in 1q2 in SPILE-E morphants. Moreover, we showed that the expression of SPILE-A, which upregulates SPILE-B but represses SPILE-C expression, decreased in SPILE-E morphants. Consistent with changes in the expression pattern of the above transcription factors, SPILE-E-morphant larvae exhibited patchy or complete loss of expression of marker genes of ciliated cells and shell fields, possibly reflecting incomplete specification of 1q2 and 2q. Our results provide a molecular framework for quartet specification and highlight the importance of maternal lineage-specific transcription factors in the development and evolution of spiralians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Morino
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Life Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cima F, Varello R. Immunotoxic effects of exposure to the antifouling copper(I) biocide on target and nontarget bivalve species: a comparative in vitro study between Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes philippinarum. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1230943. [PMID: 37654677 PMCID: PMC10466049 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1230943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible bivalves constitute an important bioresource from an economic point of view, and studies on their immune responses to environmental pollutants are crucial for both the preservation of biodiversity and economic reasons. The worldwide diffusion of copper(I)-based antifouling paints has increased copper leaching into coastal environments and its potential impact on both target and nontarget organisms. In this study, immunotoxicity assays were carried out with short-term (60 min) cultures of hemocytes from the bivalves Mytilus galloprovincialis-a mussel dominant in the macrofouling community-and Ruditapes philippinarum-a clam dominant in the soft-sediment community-exposed to CuCl to compare the toxic effects on their immune responses. The LC50 values were similar, 40 μM (3.94 mg L-1) for the mussel and 44 μM (4.33 mg L-1) for the clam. In both species, apoptosis occurred after exposure to 1 µM (98.9 μg L-1) CuCl, the concentration able to significantly increase the intracellular Ca2+ content. Biomarkers of cell morphology and motility revealed microfilament disruption, a significant decrease in yeast phagocytosis and lysosome hydrolase (β-glucuronidase) inhibition beginning from 0.5 µM (49.5 μg L-1) CuCl in both the mussel and clam. The same concentration of CuCl affected biomarkers of oxidative stress, as a significant decrease in reduced glutathione content in the cytoplasm and inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) were detected in both species. Comparison of the biomarkers showed that clam is more sensitive than the mussel regarding alterations to the lysosomal membrane and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which supports the potential harmful effects of antifouling biocides on the survival of nontarget pivotal species in the coastal community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cima
- Laboratory of Biology of Ascidians, Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Collado GA, Valladares MA, Suárez C, Seguel M, Cabello-Guzmán G. Shape, Microstructure, and Chemical Composition of Pearls from the Freshwater Clam Diplodon chilensis Native to South America. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2231. [PMID: 37444029 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The capability to produce pearls is widespread in the phylum Mollusca, including bivalves of the superfamily Unionoidea. Here, we identified and characterized natural pearls formed by Diplodon chilensis, a freshwater clam native to southern South America, using samples obtained from two lakes located in the Chilean Patagonia. Pearls were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. Naturally formed pearls were found in both male and female D. chilensis specimens. Pearls are produced in different shapes, including spherical, ellipsoidal, buttoned, and bumpy, ranging in size from 200 µm to 1.9 mm. The internal microstructure is composed of irregular polygonal tablets, about 0.40 to 0.55 μm in thickness. EDX analysis showed that pearls are composed of calcium carbonate. FTIR and Raman spectra recorded several peaks attributable to the aragonite in pearls of this species, as has been shown in other mollusks. In addition to these results, pearls of different colors are illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo A Collado
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Moisés A Valladares
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Cristian Suárez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Mathias Seguel
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Gerardo Cabello-Guzmán
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avenida Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aldea C, Hernández C, Novoa L, Olivera F, Haeger C, Bello N. Biotopes of the intertidal zone in Clarence Island (south of the Strait of Magellan). Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e105726. [PMID: 37455699 PMCID: PMC10339110 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The characteristics of the Strait of Magellan promote the formation of unique environments, with diverse habitats and marine organisms. This fragmentation of the landscape generates diverse little-explored ecological associations, especially in the zone of sub-Antarctic islands of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago. One way to address this lack of knowledge is through the biotope characterization methodology, with ecological units composed of the habitat and the communities associated with these environments, obtaining data and information on the dominant and incidental taxonomic groups. This is a good research model to conduct baseline studies in coastal benthic marine environments. New information A data set in Darwin Core standard is presented of the species that make up the intertidal biotopes of Clarence Island (Tierra del Fuego Archipelago, south of the Strait of Magellan). This includes 50 identified species and the specific coordinates for each sampled location, with a total of 1400 georeferenced records. Mollusks were the most diverse taxon with 21 species, followed by algae (14 species). Sessile organisms such as the barnacles Elminiuskingii and Austromegabalanuspsittacus predominate in these ecosystems, followed by bivalve mollusks such as Choromytiluschorus and Mytiluschilensis, which together with Nacellamagellanica and the alga Hildenbrandia sp. make up more than 50% of the total records. The inclusion of biotope patterns in this study complements the information on benthic marine flora and fauna in the intertidal zone, including new records for the coast in the Clarence Island area, which is within the boundary of the Kawésqar National Park.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Aldea
- Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
- Centro de Investigación Gaia-Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileCentro de Investigación Gaia-Antártica, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
| | - Leslie Novoa
- Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de MagallanesPunta ArenasChile
| | - Francisco Olivera
- GEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico Tecnológica, Puerto Aysén, ChileGEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico TecnológicaPuerto AysénChile
| | - Christian Haeger
- GEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico Tecnológica, Puerto Aysén, ChileGEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico TecnológicaPuerto AysénChile
| | - Nadja Bello
- GEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico Tecnológica, Puerto Aysén, ChileGEOGAMA, Empresa de Base Científico TecnológicaPuerto AysénChile
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chaves G, Jardin C, Derst C, Musset B. Voltage-Gated Proton Channels in the Tree of Life. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1035. [PMID: 37509071 PMCID: PMC10377628 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With a single gene encoding HV1 channel, proton channel diversity is particularly low in mammals compared to other members of the superfamily of voltage-gated ion channels. Nonetheless, mammalian HV1 channels are expressed in many different tissues and cell types where they exert various functions. In the first part of this review, we regard novel aspects of the functional expression of HV1 channels in mammals by differentially comparing their involvement in (1) close conjunction with the NADPH oxidase complex responsible for the respiratory burst of phagocytes, and (2) in respiratory burst independent functions such as pH homeostasis or acid extrusion. In the second part, we dissect expression of HV channels within the eukaryotic tree of life, revealing the immense diversity of the channel in other phylae, such as mollusks or dinoflagellates, where several genes encoding HV channels can be found within a single species. In the last part, a comprehensive overview of the biophysical properties of a set of twenty different HV channels characterized electrophysiologically, from Mammalia to unicellular protists, is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Chaves
- Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, The Nuremberg Location, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Christophe Jardin
- Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, The Nuremberg Location, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Christian Derst
- Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, The Nuremberg Location, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Boris Musset
- Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, The Nuremberg Location, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
- Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, The Salzburg Location, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schmidt-Ukaj S, Gumpenberger M, Mutschmann F, Richter B. Case report: Four cases of kidney disease in Giant African Land Snails ( Lissachatina fulica). Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1152281. [PMID: 37255999 PMCID: PMC10225638 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1152281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant African Land Snails like Lissachatina fulica have become increasingly popular as pets in Europe, but little is known yet about land snail diseases and their therapy. These case reports show the history of four adult Lissachatina fulica with apathy and esophagus protrusion or prolapse in three cases and edema and mantle collapse in another case. Renomegaly and/or kidney deposits could be demonstrated in radiographic and/or CT examinations in all four cases. Necropsy and histology revealing nephropathy could be performed in three cases. With these first case reports on land snails with kidney disease, we hope to encourage diagnostic imaging and further veterinary research in land snails to improve our knowledge about their diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Schmidt-Ukaj
- Service for Birds and Reptiles, Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Gumpenberger
- Clinical Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Goulding TC, Strong EE, Quattrini AM. Target-capture probes for phylogenomics of the Caenogastropoda. Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 36997300 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Target-capture approaches have facilitated a rapid growth in the field of phylogenomics but few probe sets exist for mollusks, an exceptionally rich phylum with unparalleled ecological and morphological diversity. We designed and tested the first universal probe set using Phyluce to capture ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exon loci from the Subclass Caenogastropoda - one of six major lineages of gastropods. The probe set consists of 29,441 probes designed to target 1,142 UCE loci and 1,933 exon loci (3,075 total). In silico analyses of our probe set yielded an average of 2,110 loci from genomes and 1,389 loci from transcriptomes of diverse caenogastropods, from which an average of 1,669 and 849 loci were retained respectively after screening to remove those that matched multiple contigs. Phylogenetic analyses of the loci extracted from transcriptomes produced well-supported trees very similar to those published based on transcriptomic analyses. Phylogenetic relationships estimated from loci extracted from genomes recover similar phylogenetic relationships, and indicate that the loci targeted with this probe set are informative for resolving deep phylogenetic relationships. An in vitro analysis of the probe set with the Epitoniidae, a diverse caenogastropod family of uncertain affinity and with poorly resolved evolutionary relationships, recovered a total of 2,850 loci. Although preliminary, the analysis of loci captured by our probe set for a small number of epitoniid taxa produced a well-resolved tree indicating that this probe set is also able to resolve relationships at shallower hierarchical scales. Together, the in silico and in vitro analyses indicate that target-capture enrichment with this probe set is a useful tool for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships across taxonomic levels and evolutionary time scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tricia C Goulding
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012, MRC 163, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | - Ellen E Strong
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012, MRC 163, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| | - Andrea M Quattrini
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012, MRC 163, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vorobyeva OA, Ekimova IA, Malakhov VV. Morphological Organization of Cerata in the Nudibranch Pteraeolidia semperi (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia). Dokl Biol Sci 2023; 508:72-75. [PMID: 37186050 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496622700181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of cerata and cnidosacs were studied in the nudibranch mollusk Pteraeolidia semperi (Bergh, 1870). Fine tubules arise from the gastrodermal channel of the digestive gland and contain cells with symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae). The cnidosac stores large kleptocnides. Thus, P. semperi provides a unique example of symbiotrophic feeding specialization. Morphological organization of its cerata and the digestive gland demonstrates several adaptations for housing zooxanthellae and providing them with proper conditions for active photosynthesis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kotsyuba E, Dyachuk V. Role of the Neuroendocrine System of Marine Bivalves in Their Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021202. [PMID: 36674710 PMCID: PMC9865615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mollusks comprise one of the largest phylum of marine invertebrates. With their great diversity of species, various degrees of mobility, and specific behavioral strategies, they haveoccupied marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats and play key roles in many ecosystems. This success is explained by their exceptional ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental stresses, such as hypoxia. Most marine bivalvemollusksare exposed to frequent short-term variations in oxygen levels in their marine or estuarine habitats. This stressfactor has caused them to develop a wide variety of adaptive strategies during their evolution, enabling to mobilize rapidly a set of behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and molecular defenses that re-establishing oxygen homeostasis. The neuroendocrine system and its related signaling systems play crucial roles in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in mollusks and, hence, can affect hypoxiatolerance. Little effort has been made to identify the neurotransmitters and genes involved in oxygen homeostasis regulation, and the molecular basis of the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia resistance in hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive bivalve species. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the hypoxia stress response, and the possible contributions of various signaling molecules to this process. We thusprovide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic stress in bivalves, also making comparisons with data from related studies on other species.
Collapse
|
23
|
Debiais-Thibaud M, Marin F, Marcellini S. Editorial: The evolution of biomineralization in metazoans. Front Genet 2023; 13:1092695. [PMID: 36685829 PMCID: PMC9848429 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1092695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Debiais-Thibaud
- Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France,*Correspondence: Mélanie Debiais-Thibaud, ; Frédéric Marin, ; Sylvain Marcellini,
| | - Frédéric Marin
- Laboratoire Biogéosciences, UMR CNRS-EPHE 6282, Université de Bourgogne—Franche-Comté, Dijon, France,*Correspondence: Mélanie Debiais-Thibaud, ; Frédéric Marin, ; Sylvain Marcellini,
| | - Sylvain Marcellini
- Laboratory of Development and Evolution (LADE), University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile,*Correspondence: Mélanie Debiais-Thibaud, ; Frédéric Marin, ; Sylvain Marcellini,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
de Araújo AD, Carvalho ODS, Gava SG, Caldeira RL. DNA barcoding as a valuable tool for delimiting mollusk species of the genus Biomphalaria Preston, 1910 (Gastropoda: Planorbidae). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1167787. [PMID: 37168391 PMCID: PMC10165093 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1167787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The genus Biomphalaria in Brazil includes 11 species and one subspecies, three of which are intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. Due to the recent evolution of this group, some species are difficult to identify based on morphological characters, making the use of genetic markers necessary for species identification. This study aimed to evaluate the use of partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I (coi) gene for the identification of Biomphalaria species using phylogenetic reconstruction and species delimitation algorithms. The study tested the use of DNA barcoding technique for species delimitation within the genus. Methods DNA barcoding was performed by sequencing a partial region of the coi gene from specimens, and the sequences were analyzed using phylogenetic reconstruction and algorithms to delimit Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). Results The study found that the use of the coi gene in the reconstruction of the phylogeny of the genus might be an alternative for understanding the evolution and dispersion of species. However, this marker alone is not enough to solve complex taxonomic problems within the genus. A total of 223 sequences were analyzed, 102 of which could be separated using the barcode gap, enabling the correct identification of seven taxa. Discussion The study demonstrated that accurate mollusk identification is necessary for effective schistosomiasis control. The DNA barcoding methodology was found to be promising for accurate mollusk identification, which is crucial for concentrating schistosomiasis control efforts in places where it is needed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Rossignoli AE, Lamas JP, Mariño C, Martín H, Blanco J. Enzymatic Biotransformation of 13-desmethyl Spirolide C by Two Infaunal Mollusk Species: The Limpet Patella vulgata and the Cockle Cerastoderma edule. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120848. [PMID: 36548745 PMCID: PMC9786092 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of a 13-desmethyl Spirolide C isomer (Iso-13-desm SPX C) is very common in some infaunal mollusks in Galicia contaminated with this toxin. Its possible origin by biological transformation was investigated by incubating homogenates of the soft tissues of limpets and cockles spiked with 13-desmethyl Spirolide C (13-desm SPX C). The involvement of an enzymatic process was also tested using a raw and boiled cockle matrix. The enzymatic biotransformation of the parent compound into its isomer was observed in the two species studied, but with different velocities. The structural similarity between 13-desm SPX C and its isomer suggests that epimerization is the most likely chemical process involved. Detoxification of marine toxins in mollusks usually implies the enzymatic biotransformation of original compounds, such as hydroxylation, demethylation, or esterification; however, this is the first time that this kind of transformation between spirolides in mollusks has been demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Araceli E. Rossignoli
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Pedras de Corón s/n, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.E.R.); (J.B.); Tel.: +34-886-206344 (A.E.R.); +34-886-206340 (J.B.)
| | - Juan Pablo Lamas
- Intecmar (Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control do Medio Mariño de Galicia), Peirao de Vilaxoán s/n, Vilagarcía de Arousa, 36611 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carmen Mariño
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Pedras de Corón s/n, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Helena Martín
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Pedras de Corón s/n, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Juan Blanco
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Pedras de Corón s/n, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.E.R.); (J.B.); Tel.: +34-886-206344 (A.E.R.); +34-886-206340 (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Blanco J, Moroño Á, Arévalo F, Correa J, Salgado C, Pazos Y, Calvo S, Rossignoli AE. Twenty-Five Years of PSP Toxicity in Galician (NW Spain) Bivalves: Spatial, Temporal, and Interspecific Variations. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36548735 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five years of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxicity in Galician bivalves have been studied. PSP was detected in 4785 out of 73,740 samples of the commercially important bivalve species analyzed from 1995 to 2020. Its general prevalence in the area was 6.5%. Only 1.6% of all samples tested were over the regulatory limit (incidence). The maximum level of PSP in the area, 40,800 µg STX 2HCl-eq kg-1, was recorded in raft mussels from Bueu (PON-II, Pontevedra) in December 2005. The highest maximum PSP values were found in mussels, which were mostly affected by Gymnodinium catenatum, but not those of prevalence and incidence which were recorded in clams, mostly affected by Alexandrium. Average levels in mussels were higher than in any other studied species. Spatially, in general, the prevalence, incidence, maximum, and average PSP toxicity during episodes tend to decrease from south to northeast, but some hot points with high levels can be identified. PCA analysis separates the southern rías, associated to G. catenatum blooms, from the middle and northern ones, associated to Alexandrium blooms. Along the year, two main peaks of the four variables are observed, the first one in late autumn-winter and the other in summer, the summer peak being much more important for the infaunal species than for raft mussels. In the seasonal pattern obtained by time series analysis of the average PSP toxicity, the autumn-winter peak was only maintained (and very reduced) in the southern rías, indicating that this peak is seasonally much less important than the summer peak. The observed seasonality is expected based on the timing of the blooms of the two PSP-producing phytoplankton groups present in the area. Over the 25 years of monitoring, large differences in PSP toxicity have been observed. Apart from some special years, an ascending trend in prevalence and incidence seems to be present from 2011 to 2020. No trend seems to exist during the same period for average or maximum toxicity.
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu J, Gu YC, Su MZ, Guo YW. Chemistry and bioactivity of secondary metabolites from South China Sea marine fauna and flora: recent research advances and perspective. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:3062-3079. [PMID: 36104434 PMCID: PMC9712606 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms often produce a variety of metabolites with unique structures and diverse biological activities that enable them to survive and struggle in the extremely challenging environment. During the last two decades, our group devoted great effort to the discovery of pharmaceutically interesting lead compounds from South China Sea marine plants and invertebrates. We discovered numerous marine secondary metabolites spanning a wide range of structural classes, various biosynthetic origins and various aspects of biological activities. In a series of reviews, we have summarized the bioactive natural products isolated from Chinese marine flora and fauna found during 2000-2012. The present review provides an updated summary covering our latest research progress and development in the last decade (2012-2022) highlighting the discovery of over 400 novel marine secondary metabolites with promising bioactivities from South China Sea marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Ming-Zhi Su
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
González R, Henríquez-Castillo C, Lohrmann KB, Romero MS, Ramajo L, Schmitt P, Brokordt K. The Gill Microbiota of Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Is Dominated by Symbiotic Campylobacterota and Upwelling Intensification Differentially Affects Their Abundance. Microorganisms 2022; 10. [PMID: 36557583 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great importance of gills for bivalve mollusks (respiration, feeding, immunity), the microbiota associated with this tissue has barely been characterized in scallops. The scallop Argopecten purpuratus is an important economic resource that is cultivated in areas where coastal upwelling is intensifying by climate change, potentially affecting host-microbiota interactions. Thus, we first characterized the bacterial community present in gills from cultivated scallops (by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and assessed their stability and functional potential in animals under farm and laboratory conditions. Results showed that under both conditions the gill bacterial community is dominated by the phylum Campylobacterota (57%), which displays a chemoautotrophic potential that could contribute to scallop nutrition. Within this phylum, two phylotypes, namely symbionts A and B, were the most abundant; being, respectively, taxonomically affiliated to symbionts with nutritional functions in mussel gills, and to uncultured bacteria present in coral mucus. Additionally, in situ hybridization and scanning electron microscopy analyses allowed us to detect these symbionts in the gills of A. purpuratus. Given that shifts in upwelling phenology can cause disturbances to ecosystems, affecting bacteria that provide beneficial functions to the host, we further assessed the changes in the abundance of the two symbionts (via qPCR) in response to a simulated upwelling intensification. The exposure to combined decreasing values in the temperature, pH, and oxygen levels (upwelling conditions) favored the dominance of symbiont B over symbiont A; suggesting that symbiont abundances are modulated by these environmental changes. Overall, results showed that changes in the main Campylobacterota phylotypes in response to upwelling intensification could affect its symbiotic function in A. purpuratus under future climate change scenarios. These results provide the first insight into understanding how scallop gill-microbial systems adapt and respond to climate change stressors, which could be critical for managing health, nutrition, and scallop aquaculture productivity.
Collapse
|
29
|
Esposito G, Pastorino P, Prearo M, Magara G, Cesarani A, Freitas R, Caldaroni B, Meloni D, Pais A, Dondo A, Antuofermo E, Elia AC. Ecotoxicity of Copper(I) Chloride in Grooved Carpet Shell ( Ruditapes decussatus). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2148. [PMID: 36358520 PMCID: PMC9686603 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a ubiquitous trace element in the aquatic environment, and is usually found at low levels. Copper environmental concentrations can be altered as a result anthropogenic activities. Shellfish are useful bioindicators to ensure adequate environmental monitoring. Thus, the aim of the present study was as follows: (a) determine the LC50 of copper(I) chloride in grooved carpet shell (Ruditapes decussatus) collected in the Santa Gilla lagoon (Sardinia, Italy), and (b) analyze the antioxidant biomarkers in digestive gland and gills of same specimens exposed to different concentrations of the above-mentioned metal (0.045, 0.45, and 0.90 mg/L) for 96 h. A withdrawal period of 96 h was considered for the treated clam, carrying out the same biochemical analyses, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and total glutathione (GSH+2GSSG) in the two tissues. Different time and dose responses of the antioxidant biomarkers were recorded in the digestive glands and gills. Oxidative stress biomarkers highlighted the ability of Cu to induce oxidative stress in R. decussatus. Clam, following the withdrawal period of 96 h, has not been able to achieve the control levels of all biochemical markers in the digestive gland and gills. R. decussatus can be a suitable model to assess the ecotoxicity of copper in aquatic ecosystems. These findings may advance knowledge on the role and the effects of copper on oxidative stress biomarkers in grooved carpet shell. The metal ecotoxicity response can be useful to perform accurate biomarker-based monitoring programs using this bivalve species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Esposito
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Magara
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alberto Cesarani
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Barbara Caldaroni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Domenico Meloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Pais
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dondo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
de-Carvalho RR, Gomes-Carneiro MR, Geraldino BR, Lopes GDS, Paumgartten FJR. Evaluation of the developmental toxicity of solvents, metals, drugs, and industrial chemicals using a freshwater snail ( Biomphalaria glabrata) assay. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2022; 85:798-814. [PMID: 35723169 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2089413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A freshwater snail assay was employed to assess the embryotoxicity of solvents including acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, dimethyl-sulfoxide, glycerin, metals/metalloids including mercuric chloride (HgCl2), cadmium chloride (CdCl2,), antimony salts Sb+3 and Sb+5, drugs including colchicine, hydroxyurea, cyclophosphamide, an industrial chemical sodium azide (SA), an anionic surfactant dodecyl sodium sulfate-(DSS), H2O2 and sodium chloride (NaCl). The assay consists of exposing Biomphalaria glabrata egg masses (EM) to the substances for 96-hr and following up embryo/snail development for lethality, abnormal morphology (teratogenicity), and day of hatching up to day 10 or 14 after spawning. Based upon concentration-response relationships, LC50%s (embryolethality), EC50%s (teratogenicity) and IC50%s (hatching retardation) and 95%CIs were determined for tested chemicals. The LOECs indicated that HgCl2 (37 nM) and CdCl2 (140 nM) are potent embryotoxic agents in snails. Teratogenic indices (TI = LC50/EC50) for almost all tested chemicals were lower than or close to unity suggesting that these compounds were not teratogenic in this assay. The snail assay may be adequately performed in a cost-effective standardized protocol which enables testing a number of environmental chemicals over a broad concentration range. The snail assay needs to undergo further validation to be recognized for an internationally harmonized hazard identification in ecotoxicity risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela Ribeiro de-Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Regina Gomes-Carneiro
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle da Silveira Lopes
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rezende KFO, Garcia AV, Campos FADB, Barbieri E. Microbiological quality of the water in collection areas and the tissue of Mytella falcata-Cananéia (SP, Brazil). Water Environ Res 2022; 94:e10752. [PMID: 35796032 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in fauna and abiotic factors in estuaries are a consequence of their exploitation; thus, bivalve mollusks, as they filter, are widely used as environmental bioindicators. The aim of this study was to analyze the existence of seasonal variation in the concentration of total coliforms (TC) and thermotolerant coliforms (Ct), in addition to correlating the data obtained with the salinity and temperature in collection areas of Mytella falcata and the soft tissue cultivated in the Estuarine Complex of Cananéia. Two biweekly samples of water and tissue were taken, for 12 consecutive months, in nine cultivation areas of M. falcata. The analysis of the water samples showed that the Fisheries Institute, Mosquiteiro, and Itapitangui have high TC densities, with respective annual averages of 772.22, 592.67, and 563.75 most probable number (MPN).100 ml-1 . The highest concentrations of TC and Ct occurred in the summer, in most areas. There was a decrease in both TC and Ct with increasing salinity. However, there was an increase in Ct with increasing temperature. The soft tissue showed TC densities from 9 to 26 MPN.100 ml-1 and Ct densities from 6 to 14 MPN.100 ml-1 , displaying the highest counts in the summer. Places where coliforms were found in high concentrations could indicate contamination, because Ct do not support higher salinities for a long time. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The general mean was 77.64 (total coliforms) and 39.35 (thermotolerant) MPN.100 ml-1 . Annual average (thermotolerant) exceeded the permitted Brazilian limit in five points. Higher concentrations of total and thermotolerant coliforms occurred in the summer. In mollusk's tissue, concentrations of thermotolerant were 6.30 to 26.16 MPN.100 g-1 . Coliforms' MPN varied with increasing salinity and temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Vásquez Garcia
- Escuela de Ciencias Básicas Tecnología e Ingeniería-ECBTI, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia-UNAD, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Fatima Alessandra Deanna Buono Campos
- Instituto de Pesca, APTA, Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento-Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-graduação do Instituto de Pesca, Cananéia, Brazil
| | - Edison Barbieri
- Instituto de Pesca, APTA, Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Cananéia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Roobab U, Fidalgo LG, Arshad RN, Khan AW, Zeng XA, Bhat ZF, Bekhit AEDA, Batool Z, Aadil RM. High-pressure processing of fish and shellfish products: Safety, quality, and research prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3297-3325. [PMID: 35638360 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Seafood products have been one of the main drivers behind the popularity of high-pressure processing (HPP) in the food industry owing to a high demand for fresh ready-to-eat seafood products and food safety. This review provides an overview of the advanced knowledge available on the use of HPP for production of wholesome and highly nutritive clean label fish and shellfish products. Out of 653 explored items, 65 articles published during 2016-2021 were used. Analysis of the literature showed that most of the earlier work evaluated the HPP effect on physicochemical and sensorial properties, and limited information is available on nutritional aspects. HPP has several applications in the seafood industry. Application of HPP (400-600 MPa) eliminates common seafood pathogens, such as Vibrio and Listeria spp., and slows the growth of spoilage microorganisms. Use of cold water as a pressure medium induces minimal changes in sensory and nutritional properties and helps in the development of clean label seafood products. This technology (200-350 MPa) is also useful to shuck oysters, lobsters, crabs, mussels, clams, and scallops to increase recovery of the edible meat. High-pressure helps to preserve organoleptic and functional properties for an extended time during refrigerated storage. Overall, HPP helps seafood manufacturers to maintain a balance between safety, quality, processing efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms of pressure-induced modifications and clean label strategies to minimize these modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liliana G Fidalgo
- Department of Technology and Applied Sciences, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rai Naveed Arshad
- Institute of High Voltage & High Current, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Waheed Khan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuhaib F Bhat
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUAST-Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ala El-Din A Bekhit
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Zahra Batool
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Paganos P, Caccavale F, La Vecchia C, D'Aniello E, D'Aniello S, Arnone MI. FISH for All: A Fast and Efficient Fluorescent In situ Hybridization (FISH) Protocol for Marine Embryos and Larvae. Front Physiol 2022; 13:878062. [PMID: 35514360 PMCID: PMC9062072 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.878062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ hybridization is one the most commonly used techniques for developmental and evolutionary biology and has extensively contributed to the identification of distinct cell types and cell states, as well dissecting several molecular mechanisms involved in physiological processes. Moreover, it has been used as a tool to compare distinct gene expression patterns and, therefore, genetic programs across animal species. Nowadays, the predominance of transcriptomics in science has imposed the need to establish a reliable, fast and easy whole mount in situ hybridization protocol. Here we describe a fluorescent in situ hybridization protocol that is rapid, accurate and applicable in a great variety of marine species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Periklis Paganos
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Caccavale
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia La Vecchia
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ina Arnone
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cao Y, Jiao Y, Zhan S, Liang X, Li Z, Chen J, Xiong X, Gu Z, Du X, Zheng Z. Polyamine Putrescine Regulates Oxidative Stress and Autophagy of Hemocytes Induced by Lipopolysaccharides in Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Front Physiol 2021; 12:781324. [PMID: 34955892 PMCID: PMC8703005 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.781324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamine putrescine (Put) is a ubiquitous small cationic amine. It plays an essential role in controlling the innate immune response. However, little is known about its function in mollusks. In this study, the Put content was observed to increase in the serum of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii after 6 and 24 h of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased, and nitric oxide synthase was downregulated in the Put group (i.e., combined treatment with Put and LPS) compared with that in the LPS group (i.e., combined treatment with phosphate-buffered saline and LPS). Furthermore, activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase were inhibited after 6 h of LPS stimulation. The expression levels of the nuclear factor kappa B, IκB kinase, Janus kinase, and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins genes were all significantly suppressed at 12 and 24 h in the Put group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis grew better after being incubated with the serum from the Put group than that from the LPS group. Additionally, the Put treatment remarkably inhibited the autophagy of hemocytes mediated by the AMP-activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin-Beclin-1 pathway. This study demonstrated that Put can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response induced by LPS in pearl oysters. These results provide useful information for further exploration of the immunoregulatory functions of polyamines in bivalves and contribute to the development of immunosuppressive agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuzhi Zhan
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xueru Liang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zefeng Gu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Imbs AB, Ermolenko EV, Grigorchuk VP, Sikorskaya TV, Velansky PV. Current Progress in Lipidomics of Marine Invertebrates. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:660. [PMID: 34940659 DOI: 10.3390/md19120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates are a paraphyletic group that comprises more than 90% of all marine animal species. Lipids form the structural basis of cell membranes, are utilized as an energy reserve by all marine invertebrates, and are, therefore, considered important indicators of their ecology and biochemistry. The nutritional value of commercial invertebrates directly depends on their lipid composition. The lipid classes and fatty acids of marine invertebrates have been studied in detail, but data on their lipidomes (the profiles of all lipid molecules) remain very limited. To date, lipidomes or their parts are known only for a few species of mollusks, coral polyps, ascidians, jellyfish, sea anemones, sponges, sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crabs, copepods, shrimp, and squid. This paper reviews various features of the lipid molecular species of these animals. The results of the application of the lipidomic approach in ecology, embryology, physiology, lipid biosynthesis, and in studies on the nutritional value of marine invertebrates are also discussed. The possible applications of lipidomics in the study of marine invertebrates are considered.
Collapse
|
36
|
Baralla E, Demontis MP, Dessì F, Varoni MV. An Overview of Antibiotics as Emerging Contaminants: Occurrence in Bivalves as Biomonitoring Organisms. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113239. [PMID: 34827971 PMCID: PMC8614309 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, the use of antibiotics has increased worldwide in both human and veterinary fields. This led to them accumulating in the environment to such an extent that they are actually included in the category of contaminants of emerging concern. For this reason, many of them have been included in monitoring lists of potential pollutants by competent authorities in order to limit their concentration in surface waters and to determine the risk to the aquatic environments. From this perspective, the aim of this review is to update and discuss the available data on antibiotic residues, using bivalves as biomonitoring organisms. Bivalves are good candidate for this purpose, being globally present in large and accessible populations, sedentary and able to accumulate several xenobiotics thanks to their large filtration capacity. The current research indicates that antibiotics’ presence in bivalves has been investigated along European, American and Asian coasts. Except for tetracycline, determined at high concentration in the North Adriatic Sea, all antibiotics residues in bivalves were under the maximum residual limit established by the competent authorities. Nevertheless, further investigations are necessary in order to prevent antimicrobial resistance, preserve the environment from antibiotic pollution and monitor the associated risk for animals and humans. Abstract Antibiotics are used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in both human and veterinary medicine and as growth promoting agents in farms and aquaculture. They can accumulate in environmental matrices and in the food chain, causing adverse effects in humans and animals including the development of antibiotic resistance. This review aims to update and discuss the available data on antibiotic residues, using bivalves as biomonitoring organisms. The current research indicates that antibiotics’ presence in bivalves has been investigated along European, American and Asian coasts, with the majority of studies reported for the last. Several classes of antibiotics have been detected, with a higher frequency of detection reported for macrolides, sulfonamides and quinolones. The highest concentration was instead reported for tetracyclines in bivalves collected in the North Adriatic Sea. Only oxytetracycline levels detected in this latter site exceeded the maximum residual limit established by the competent authorities. Moreover, the risk that can be derived from bivalve consumption, calculated considering the highest concentrations of antibiotics residues reported in the analyzed studies, is actually negligible. Nevertheless, further supervisions are needed in order to preserve the environment from antibiotic pollution, prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance and reduce the health risk derived from seafood consumption.
Collapse
|
37
|
Blanco J, Moroño Á, Arévalo F, Correa J, Salgado C, Rossignoli AE, Lamas JP. Twenty-Five Years of Domoic Acid Monitoring in Galicia (NW Spain): Spatial, Temporal and Interspecific Variations. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:756. [PMID: 34822540 PMCID: PMC8624277 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalence, impact on shellfish resources and interspecific, spatial, and temporal variabilities of domoic acid (DA) in bivalves from Galicia (NW Spain) have been studied based on more than 25 years of monitoring data. The maximum prevalence (samples in which DA was detected) (100%) and incidence (samples with DA levels above the regulatory limit) (97.4%) were recorded in Pecten maximus, and the minimum ones in Mytilus galloprovincialis (12.6 and 1.1%, respectively). The maximum DA concentrations were 663.9 mg kg-1 in P. maximus and 316 mg kg-1 in Venerupis corrugata. After excluding scallop P. maximusdata, DA was found (prevalence) in 13.3% of bivalve samples, with 1.3% being over the regulatory limit. In general, the prevalence of this toxin decreased towards the North but not the magnitude of its episodes. The seasonal distribution was characterized by two maxima, in spring and autumn, with the later decreasing in intensity towards the north. DA levels decreased slightly over the studied period, although this decreasing trend was not linear. A cyclic pattern was observed in the interannual variability, with cycles of 4 and 11 years. Intoxication and detoxification rates were slower than those expected from laboratory experiments, suggesting the supply of DA during these phases plays an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Blanco
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas, Xunta de Galicia, Dirección Pedras de Corón, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain;
| | - Ángeles Moroño
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain; (Á.M.); (F.A.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Fabiola Arévalo
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain; (Á.M.); (F.A.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Jorge Correa
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain; (Á.M.); (F.A.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Covadonga Salgado
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain; (Á.M.); (F.A.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (J.P.L.)
| | - Araceli E. Rossignoli
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas, Xunta de Galicia, Dirección Pedras de Corón, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain;
| | - J. Pablo Lamas
- Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control de Medio Mariño, 36611 Vilagarcía de Arousa, Spain; (Á.M.); (F.A.); (J.C.); (C.S.); (J.P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shin J, Song MH, Yu JW, Ko EY, Shang X, Oh JW, Keum YS, Saini RK. Anticancer Potential of Lipophilic Constituents of Eleven Shellfish Species Commonly Consumed in Korea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1629. [PMID: 34679763 PMCID: PMC8533504 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the composition and contents and the major lipophilic compounds, including the sterols, fatty acids, and tocols of shellfish species. Moreover, to explore the antitumor activity of these lipophilic constituents, their cytotoxicity potentials were determined against five different human cancer cells, including colon carcinoma (HCT116), epithelial melanoma (A2058), glioblastoma multiforme (T98G), lung carcinoma (A549), and adenocarcinoma (HeLa). The results show a significant variation in the contents and composition of lipophilic constituents among the studied species. The highest omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were recorded from arrow squid and pacific oysters, accounting for 53.2% and 53.0% of their total fatty acids, respectively. However, the highest cholesterol content was also recorded in arrow squid (154.4 mg/100 g; 92.6% of total sterols). In contrast, in the Japanese littleneck, Yesso scallop, and common orient clam, cholesterol was just 17.1%, 18.3%, and 18.9% of total sterols, respectively, making them the richest source of non-cholesterol sterols (NCS). Lipids extracted from shellfish species showed ABTS+•- and DPPH•-scavenging activities. In the cytotoxicity analysis, lipids extracted from the Argentine red shrimp showed the highest cytotoxicity against glioblastoma multiforme T98G cells, with an IC50 value of 12.3 µg/mL. The composition and cytotoxicity data reported herein may help explore the nutritional and anticancer potentials of shellfish species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Shin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (J.S.); (J.-W.O.)
| | - Min-Ho Song
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (M.-H.S.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Ji-Woo Yu
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (M.-H.S.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Eun-Young Ko
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea;
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (J.S.); (J.-W.O.)
| | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (M.-H.S.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; (M.-H.S.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.-S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Perazzolo LM, Li C, Somboonwiwat K. Editorial: Aquatic Invertebrate Immunity Against Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:762082. [PMID: 34630438 PMCID: PMC8494284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.762082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Maria Perazzolo
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Chaozheng Li
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)/ State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gogaladze A, Son MO, Lattuada M, Anistratenko VV, Syomin VL, Pavel AB, Popa OP, Popa LO, ter Poorten J, Biesmeijer JC, Raes N, Wilke T, Sands AF, Trichkova T, Hubenov ZK, Vinarski MV, Anistratenko OY, Alexenko TL, Wesselingh FP. Decline of unique Pontocaspian biodiversity in the Black Sea Basin: A review. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:12923-12947. [PMID: 34646444 PMCID: PMC8495785 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique aquatic Pontocaspian (PC) biota of the Black Sea Basin (BSB) is in decline. The lack of detailed knowledge on the status and trends of species, populations, and communities hampers a thorough risk assessment and precludes effective conservation. This paper reviews PC biodiversity trends in the BSB (Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, and Russia) using endemic mollusks as a model group. We aim to assess changes in PC habitats, community structure, and species distribution over the past century and to identify direct anthropogenic threats. The presence/absence data of target mollusk species were assembled from literature, reports, and personal observations. Pontocaspian biodiversity trends in the northwestern BSB coastal regions were established by comparing 20th- and 21st-century occurrences. The direct drivers of habitat and biodiversity change were identified and documented. We found that a pronounced decline of PC species and communities is driven by (a) damming of rivers, (b) habitat modifications that disturbed previous natural salinity gradients and settings in the studied area, (c) pollution and eutrophication, (d) invasive alien species, and (e) climate change. Four out of the 10 studied regions, namely, the Danube Delta-Razim Lake system, Dniester Liman, Dnieper-Bug estuary, and Taganrog Bay-Don Delta, contain favorable ecological conditions for PC communities and still host threatened endemic PC mollusk species. Distribution data are incomplete, but the scale of deterioration of PC species and communities is evident from the assembled data, as are major direct threats. Pontocaspian biodiversity in the BSB is profoundly affected by human activities. Standardized observation and collection data as well as precise definition of PC biota and habitats are necessary for targeted conservation actions. This study will help to set the research and policy agenda required to improve data collection to accommodate effective conservation of the unique PC biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandre Gogaladze
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Mikhail O. Son
- Institute of Marine BiologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineOdessaUkraine
| | - Matteo Lattuada
- Department of Animal Ecology & SystematicsJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Vitaliy V. Anistratenko
- Department of Invertebrate Fauna and SystematicsSchmalhausen Institute of ZoologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKievUkraine
| | - Vitaly L. Syomin
- Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Ana Bianca Pavel
- Constanta Branch of the National Research and Development Institute for Marine Geology and GeoecologyConstantaRomania
| | - Oana P. Popa
- Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural HistoryBucharestRomania
| | - Luis O. Popa
- Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural HistoryBucharestRomania
| | | | - Jacobus C. Biesmeijer
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Niels Raes
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wilke
- Department of Animal Ecology & SystematicsJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Arthur F. Sands
- Department of Animal Ecology & SystematicsJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Teodora Trichkova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem ResearchBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Zdravko K. Hubenov
- National Museum of Natural HistoryBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Maxim V. Vinarski
- Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of InvertebratesSaint‐Petersburg State UniversitySaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Olga Yu Anistratenko
- Department of Invertebrate Fauna and SystematicsSchmalhausen Institute of ZoologyNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKievUkraine
- Department of Cainozoic DepositsInstitute of Geological SciencesNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKievUkraine
| | - Tatiana L. Alexenko
- Kherson Hydrobiological StationNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKhersonUkraine
| | - Frank P. Wesselingh
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Earth SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Armenteros M, Díaz-Asencio M, Peraza-Escarrá R, Fernández-Garcés R, Martínez-Suárez A, Kenney WF, Brenner M. Mollusk death assemblages in 210Pb-dated marine sediment cores reveal recent biotic changes in the Gulf of Guanahacabibes, NW Cuba. Mar Environ Res 2021; 171:105477. [PMID: 34520892 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated stratigraphic changes in mollusk death assemblages and geochemistry in sediment cores from four seagrass beds and one unvegetated site in the Gulf of Guanahacabibes (GG), NW Cuba. There was a transition from mangrove to seagrass beds, associated with sea level rise ∼6000 years ago. Sediment accumulation rates during the last century showed a general rise, but increased sharply after ∼1980, likely because of human activities. The GG displayed overall high mollusk γ-diversity, and our estimate of 189 species is biased toward the low end. High β-diversity was driven by inter-site differences in grain size, vegetation cover, and nutrient input. Spatial heterogeneity within the basin influenced downcore abundance and diversity metrics, highlighting the influence of local drivers. Herbivorous gastropods dominated in seagrass beds and suspension feeder bivalves were dominant on sandy bottom. In the top parts of cores, species richness declined at two sites that were subject to high, human-mediated bulk sedimentation rates and eutrophication. Conservation measures are needed to preserve this hotspot of marine diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maickel Armenteros
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana. 16 # 114, Playa, 11300, Habana, Cuba.
| | - Misael Díaz-Asencio
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores. Unidad Mérida. UNAM. Carretera Mérida-Tetiz km. 4.5. Ucú, CP97357, Yucatán, Mexico; Centro de Estudios Ambientales de Cienfuegos. Carretera Castillo de Jagua, Cienfuegos, Cuba.
| | - Rosely Peraza-Escarrá
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana. 16 # 114, Playa, 11300, Habana, Cuba.
| | - Raúl Fernández-Garcés
- Centro de Estudios Ambientales de Cienfuegos. Carretera Castillo de Jagua, Cienfuegos, Cuba.
| | - Adrián Martínez-Suárez
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana. 16 # 114, Playa, 11300, Habana, Cuba.
| | - William F Kenney
- Land Use and Environmental Change Institute, University of Florida. Gainesville, 32611-2120, Florida, USA.
| | - Mark Brenner
- Land Use and Environmental Change Institute, University of Florida. Gainesville, 32611-2120, Florida, USA; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida. Gainesville, 32611-2120, Florida, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kapranov SV, Karavantseva NV, Bobko NI, Ryabushko VI, Kapranova LL. Element Contents in Three Commercially Important Edible Mollusks Harvested off the Southwestern Coast of Crimea (Black Sea) and Assessment of Human Health Risks from Their Consumption. Foods 2021; 10:2313. [PMID: 34681363 PMCID: PMC8534638 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mollusks are a prospective food for the world's growing population, but the contents of toxic and essential trace elements in them have not been studied comprehensively. In this work, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the contents of 72 elements in soft tissues of the edible mollusks Mytilus galloprovincialis, Rapana venosa, and Crassostrea gigas from the coastal area of the southwestern Crimea were estimated and compared with the maximum permissible levels. Element accumulation similarities were observed in the two bivalve species. Cluster analysis applied to the non-normalized contents allowed finding an optimal number of non-overlapping element clusters: 1 group of macroelements, 1-2 groups of trace elements, and 1-2 groups of ultratrace elements. As an outcome of this analysis, the element accumulation universality index was introduced, which demonstrated the accumulation universality decrease in the order: mussel > sea snail > oyster. An original approach to estimating the mollusk consumption rate was proposed to assess human health risks. Two possible consumption scenarios were identified for Crimean residents. From the expected consumption of all species in both scenarios, there are no health risks, but they are not excluded, within the 95% probability, from high consumption of mussels and sea snails in the pessimistic scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Kapranov
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia; (N.V.K.); (N.I.B.); (V.I.R.); (L.L.K.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Haites RE, Watt AE, Russell DA, Billman-Jacobe H. Infection of Slugs with Theronts of the Ciliate Protozoan, Tetrahymena rostrata. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1970. [PMID: 34576866 PMCID: PMC8467718 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahymena rostrata is a free-living ciliated protozoan and is a facultative parasite of some species of terrestrial mollusks. It is a potential biopesticide of pest slugs, such as the grey field slug, which cause considerable damage to crops. T. rostrata has several developmental forms. Homogeneous preparations of the feeding stage cells (trophonts) and excysted stage cells (theronts) were compared for their ability to infect and kill Deroceras reticulatum slugs. Theronts were more effective and remained viable and infective, even after prolonged starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helen Billman-Jacobe
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (R.E.H.); (A.E.W.); (D.A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Johnson KM, Jones HR, Casas SM, La Peyre JF, Kelly MW. Transcriptomic signatures of temperature adaptation in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1212-1224. [PMID: 33837581 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The large geographic distribution of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, makes it an ideal species to test how populations have adapted to latitudinal gradients in temperature. Despite inhabiting distinct thermal regimes, populations of C. virginica near the species' southern and northern geographic range show no population differences in their physiological response to temperature. In this study, we used comparative transcriptomics to understand how oysters from either end of the species' range maintain enantiostasis across three acclimation temperatures (10, 20, and 30°C). With this approach, we identified genes that were differentially expressed in response to temperature between individuals of C. virginica collected from New Brunswick, Canada and Louisiana, USA. We observed a core set of genes whose expression responded to temperature in both populations, but also an even larger set of genes with expression patterns that were unique to each population. Intriguingly, the genes with population-specific responses to temperature had elevated FST and Ka/Ks ratios compared to the genome-wide average. In contrast, genes showing only a response to temperature were found to only have elevated FST values suggesting that divergent FST may be due to selection on linked regulatory regions rather than positive selection on protein coding regions. Taken together, our results suggest that, despite coarse-scale physiological similarities, natural selection has shaped divergent gene expression responses to temperature in geographically separated populations of this broadly eurythermal marine invertebrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.,Center for Coastal Marine Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.,California Sea Grant, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hollis R Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.,Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sandra M Casas
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Ag Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jerome F La Peyre
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Ag Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Morgan W Kelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Saenko SV, Groenenberg DSJ, Davison A, Schilthuizen M. The draft genome sequence of the grove snail Cepaea nemoralis. G3 (Bethesda) 2021; 11:6080775. [PMID: 33604668 PMCID: PMC8022989 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkaa071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the shell color and banding polymorphism of the grove snail Cepaea nemoralis and the sister taxon Cepaea hortensis have provided compelling evidence for the fundamental role of natural selection in promoting and maintaining intraspecific variation. More recently, Cepaea has been the focus of citizen science projects on shell color evolution in relation to climate change and urbanization. C. nemoralis is particularly useful for studies on the genetics of shell polymorphism and the evolution of "supergenes," as well as evo-devo studies of shell biomineralization, because it is relatively easily maintained in captivity. However, an absence of genomic resources for C. nemoralis has generally hindered detailed genetic and molecular investigations. We therefore generated ∼23× coverage long-read data for the ∼3.5 Gb genome, and produced a draft assembly composed of 28,537 contigs with the N50 length of 333 kb. Genome completeness, estimated by BUSCO using the metazoa dataset, was 91%. Repetitive regions cover over 77% of the genome. A total of 43,519 protein-coding genes were predicted in the assembled genome, and 97.3% of these were functionally annotated from either sequence homology or protein signature searches. This first assembled and annotated genome sequence for a helicoid snail, a large group that includes edible species, agricultural pests, and parasite hosts, will be a core resource for identifying the loci that determine the shell polymorphism, as well as in a wide range of analyses in evolutionary and developmental biology, and snail biology in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne V Saenko
- Evolutionary Ecology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden 2333CR, the Netherlands.,Animal Sciences, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden 2333BE, the Netherlands
| | - Dick S J Groenenberg
- Evolutionary Ecology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden 2333CR, the Netherlands
| | - Angus Davison
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Menno Schilthuizen
- Evolutionary Ecology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden 2333CR, the Netherlands.,Animal Sciences, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden 2333BE, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abramenko N, Mashkin P, Volkov S, Olshanskiy V, Kustov L. Fresh-Water Mollusks as Biomonitors for Ecotoxicity of Nanomaterials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:944. [PMID: 33917754 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of different nanoparticles (NPs) is growing every year since discoveries of their unique properties. The wide use of nanomaterials has raised concerns about their safety and possible accumulation in the aquatic environment. Mussels are being considered as one of the most suitable organisms for bioaccumulation monitoring. Within our study, we focused on developing the method that can be applied in field studies of ecotoxicity and can be nondestructive and informative at early times of exposure, while at the same time being based on changes of physiological parameters of fresh water mussels. The changes in the cardiovascular and neural systems of mollusks (Anodonta anatina and Unio tumidus) were measured as biomarkers of toxic effects. Different monometallic and bimetallic NPs, silicon NPs with various ligands were applied as test substances. Changes in cardiovascular and neural functions were in good correlation with accumulation tests for all tested NPs.
Collapse
|
47
|
Dickel H, Kuehn A, Dickel B, Bauer A, Becker D, Fartasch M, Haeberle M, John SM, Mahler V, Skudlik C, Weisshaar E, Werfel T, Geier J, Diepgen TL. Assessment of the effects of a work-related allergy to seafood on the reduction of earning capacity in the context of BK No. 5101. Allergol Select 2021; 5:33-44. [PMID: 33493250 DOI: 10.5414/AL0DB380E] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish, crustaceans, and mollusks are among the most potent allergenic foods of animal origin and are thus important triggers of work-related immediate-food allergies. In Germany, work-related seafood allergies are of great importance in the fishing and processing industries as well as in the areas of food preparation, food control, and food sales. There is no causal therapy of seafood allergy, only the strict and lifelong avoidance of allergens remains. The following recommendations serve to assess the impact of a seafood allergy with regard to the work opportunities ended by it for the assessment of the reduction of earning capacity (MdE (German for Minderung der Erwerbsfähigkeit)) in the context of the occupational disease number 5101 of the Annex to the German regulation for occupational diseases. As a special feature of work-related seafood allergy with regard to insurance law aspects, it must be taken into account that there is a potential risk of systemic reaction with subsequent multi-organ involvement. For the estimation of MdE in the general labor market, the impact of a seafood allergy can therefore be assessed, depending on its clinical severity, as generally “mild” to “severe” in justified individual cases.
Collapse
|
48
|
Raudenbush AL, Pekarcik AJ, Haden VR, Tilmon KJ. Evaluation of Slug Refuge Traps in a Soybean Reduced-Tillage Cover Crop System. Insects 2021; 12:insects12010062. [PMID: 33445420 PMCID: PMC7827043 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Slugs have become more frequent pests of field crops, including soybean. Monitoring slugs during the day is difficult because slugs are nocturnal, so trapping is often used to monitor populations. A variety of traps have been developed, though there are few direct comparisons of the different trap types. The objective of this study was to compare trapping efficiency of two types of slug refuge traps in soybeans. We tested a traditional shingle trap and a modified shingle trap with a water-filled pitfall trap beneath it. The modified shingle traps captured significantly more slugs than the traditional shingle trap, mainly due to the pitfall component (which was significantly cooler than the shingle component). As slug density decreased, this trend was most pronounced, suggesting that the modified shingle trap is a more sensitive sampling tool which may be useful in agronomic slug research. Abstract As more farmers adopt no- or reduced-tillage and/or cover crop land management practices, slugs have become more frequent pests of field crops, including soybean. Monitoring slugs visually is difficult because they are nocturnal, so several trapping methods have been developed, though comparisons of trap types are rare. The objective of this study was to compare trapping efficiency of two types of slug refuge traps in reduced-tillage soybeans following cover crop termination. We tested a traditional shingle trap and a modified shingle trap with a water-filled pitfall trap beneath it. Traps were deployed in 24 pairs in 2018 and 2019 in experimental soybean plots. We counted slug captures weekly over a 5-week time period each year. In 2018, we counted the total number of slugs under each trap type. In 2019, counts were categorized into specific trap components (shingle vs. in/on/under the pitfall). Temperature was also recorded in 2019. The modified shingle traps captured significantly more slugs than the traditional shingle traps, mainly due to the pitfall component. This trend was most pronounced as slug density decreased, suggesting that the modified shingle trap is a more sensitive sampling tool which may be particularly valuable when used for research purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Raudenbush
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (A.J.P.); (K.J.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Adrian J. Pekarcik
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (A.J.P.); (K.J.T.)
| | - Van R. Haden
- Agricultural Technical Institute, The Ohio State University, 1328 Dover Rd, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
| | - Kelley J. Tilmon
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (A.J.P.); (K.J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Mollusks are excellent dietary sources for LC-PUFA. However, the main challenge limiting mollusk production is the high mortality rate of molluskan larvae in early life cycle stages. This paper reviews scientific evidences on molecular and biochemical studies of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in commercially important molluskan species. It carefully summarizes the pertinent data published on specific research questions to improve the understanding of the diverse evidences. It is helpful to clarify the current state of research and determine topics for future studies on LC-PUFA biosynthesis in mollusks. From the analysis of published data, mollusks have the ability to biosynthesis LC-PUFA to a certain extent. LC-PUFA biosynthesis information of commercially important molluskan species can be useful to determine the fatty acids essential for their diet. Therefore, specific management strategies or feeds can be developed to strengthen the industry by improving the health and survival rate of molluskan larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karsoon Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Huaiping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Facchetti SV, La Spina R, Fumagalli F, Riccardi N, Gilliland D, Ponti J. Detection of Metal-Doped Fluorescent PVC Microplastics in Freshwater Mussels. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2363. [PMID: 33261080 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The large-scale production of plastic and the resulting release of waste is leading to a huge accumulation of micro-sized particles in the environment that could have an impact on not only aquatic organisms but also on humans. Despite the extensive literature on the subject, there is still an insufficient harmonization of methodologies for the collection and analysis of microplastics (MPs) in complex matrices; especially for high density polymers; such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which tend to sink and accumulate in sediments, becoming available to benthonic organisms. In this article, mussels have been chosen as model for microplastic accumulation due to their extensive filtering activity and their wide distribution in both fresh and salt water basins. To facilitate the identification and quantification of microplastics taken up by mussels, novel fluorescent and metal-doped PVC microplastics (PVC-Platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) MPs in the size range of 100 µm) have been synthesized and characterized. For the analysis of the mussels following exposure, an enzymatic protocol using amylase, lipase, papain, and SDS for organic material digestion and a sucrose-ZnCl2 density gradient for the selective separation of ingested microplastics has been developed. The final identification of MPs was performed by fluorescence microscopy. This work can greatly benefit the scientific community by providing a means to study the behavior of PVC MPs, which represent an example of a very relevant yet poorly studied high density polymeric contaminant commonly found in complex environmental matrices.
Collapse
|