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Guluarte C, Pereyra A, Ramírez-Hernández E, Zenteno E, Luis Sánchez-Salgado J. The immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of β-glucans in invertebrates. J Invertebr Pathol 2023; 201:108022. [PMID: 37984608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.108022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
β-glucans (βGs) are carbohydrate polymers linked by β-1,3, 1,4 or 1,6 bonds, they have been used to protect against potential pathogens and prevent lethal diseases. The immune system possesses several receptors that identify a wide range of structures and trigger cellular and humoral mechanisms. However, the mechanisms by which βGs activate the immune system of invertebrate organisms have not been fully clarified. This review is focused on evaluating the effect of βGs on innate immune system in invertebrates. βGs stimulate different cellular and humoral mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, oxygen species production, extracellular trap formation, proPO system, and antimicrobial peptide synthesis, moreover, βGs increase survival rate and decrease pathogen load in several species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Guluarte
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Alí Pereyra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Eleazar Ramírez-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 México City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Salgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 México City, Mexico.
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2
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Gu Y, Zhu L, Wang X, Li H, Hou L, Kong X. Research progress of pattern recognition receptors in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109028. [PMID: 37633345 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Though Procambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish) is a lower invertebrate, it has nonetheless developed a complex innate immune system. The crayfish farming industry has suffered considerable economic losses in recent years as a consequence of bacterial and viral diseases. Hence, perhaps the most effective ways to prevent microbial infections in P. clarkii are to examine and elucidate its innate immunity. The first step in the immune response is to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRRs are expressed mainly on immune cell surfaces and recognize at least one PAMP. Thence, downstream immune responses are activated and pathogens are phagocytosed. To date, the PRRs identified in P. clarkii include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), lectins, fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), and β-1,3-glucan-binding proteins (BGRPs). The present review addresses recent progress in research on PRRs and aims to provide guidance for improving immunity and preventing and treating infectious diseases in P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Gu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Libo Hou
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
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Wen Z, Xu X, Xiang D, Xu J, Yang Q, Wang X, Liu J, Luo M, Wei W. Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Deoxynivalenol on the Survival, Antioxidant and Immune Response, and Histopathology of Crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:479. [PMID: 37624236 PMCID: PMC10467083 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the aquatic environment has been reported to cause diseases in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). In addition, deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the primary mycotoxins found in aquaculture. However, the potential synergistic toxic effects of LPS and DON on crayfish are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, crayfish were exposed to LPS (1 mg kg-1), DON (3 mg kg-1), and their combination (1 mg kg-1 LPS + 3 mg kg-1 DON, L+D) for a duration of six days. Co-exposure to LPS and DON exhibited the lowest survival rate compared to the control or individual treatments with LPS or DON alone. In the initial stage of the experiment, the combined treatment of LPS and DON showed a more pronounced up-regulation of antioxidant and immune-related enzymes in the sera compared to the other treatment groups, with a fold change ranging from 1.3 to 15. In addition, the (L+D) treatment group showed a down-regulation of immune-related genes, as well as Toll pathway-related genes in the hepatopancreas compared to LPS or DON. Moreover, the (L+D) treatment group demonstrated a 100% incidence of histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas, which were significantly more severe compared to the other three groups. In conclusion, our study provides physiological and histopathological evidence that the co-exposure to LPS and DON exerted synergistic toxic effects on crayfish. The observed effects could potentially hinder the development of the crayfish aquaculture industry in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Wen
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Dan Xiang
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Junfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Qiufeng Yang
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiashou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Mingzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
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4
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Zhao L, Niu J, Feng D, Wang X, Zhang R. Immune functions of pattern recognition receptors in Lepidoptera. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203061. [PMID: 37398667 PMCID: PMC10312389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), as the "sensors" in the immune response, play a prominent role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiating an effective defense response to pathogens in Lepidoptera. It is becoming increasingly clear that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) normally play a physiological role within cells; however, when exposed to extracellular, they may become "part-time" critical signals of the immune response. Based on research in recent years, we review herein typical PRRs of Lepidoptera, including peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), gram-negative binding protein (GNBP), β-1,3-glucan recognition protein (βGRP), C-type lectin (CTL), and scavenger receptor (SR). We also outline the ways in which DAMPs participate in the immune response and the correlation between PRRs and immune escape. Taken together, these findings suggest that the role of PRRs in insect innate immunity may be much greater than expected and that it is possible to recognize a broader range of signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinlan Niu
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Disong Feng
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xialu Wang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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5
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Jin QR, Mao JW, Zhu F. Effects of Hizikia fusiforme polysaccharides on innate immunity and disease resistance of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108655. [PMID: 36868537 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we extracted the polysaccharides from Hizikia fusiforme (HFPs) and evaluated their effects on the immune response of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Compositional analysis revealed that HFPs were composed mainly of mannuronic acid (49.05%) and fucose (22.29%) as sulfated polysaccharides, and the sugar chain structure was β-type. These results indicated that HFPs have potential antioxidant and immunostimulation activity in vivo or in vitro assays. Through this research, we found that HFPs inhibited viral replication in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-infected crabs and promoted phagocytosis of Vibrio alginolyticus by hemocytes. Quantitative PCR results showed that HFPs up-regulated the expression levels of astakine, crustin, myosin, MCM7, STAT, TLR, JAK, CAP, and p53 in crab hemocytes. HFPs also promoted the activities of superoxide dismutase and acid phosphatase and the hemolymph antioxidant activities of crabs. HFPs maintained peroxidase activity after WSSV challenge, thereby providing protection against oxidative damage caused by the virus. HFPs also promoted apoptosis of hemocytes after WSSV infection. In addition, HFPs significantly enhanced the survival rate of WSSV-infected crabs. All results confirmed that HFPs improved the innate immunity of S. paramamosain by enhancing the expression of antimicrobial peptides, antioxidant enzyme activity, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Therefore, HFPs have potential for use as therapeutic or preventive agents to regulate the innate immunity of mud crabs and protect them against microbial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ri Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, China
| | - Jing-Wei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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6
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Chen HY, Li WY, Wang J, Bo GW, Yang GW, Yang HT. A C-type lectin containing two carbohydrate recognition domains participates in the antibacterial response by regulating the JNK pathway and promoting phagocytosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:349-356. [PMID: 35752372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are important immune-related molecules in crustaceans. However, the immunologic mechanism by which CTLs eliminate invading pathogens is still unclear. In this study, we studied the antimicrobial mechanism of a CTL containing two carbohydrate recognition domains (DClec). After Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, several antimicrobial peptides (ALF1, ALF4, ALF5 and lys-i2) were upregulated. The transcript levels of ALF1, ALF4 and ALF5 were downregulated after A. hydrophila challenge in groups with DClec interference or inhibition compared with the control group. Similar results were obtained after c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) interference. This finding indicates that DClec might regulate the JNK signalling pathway and subsequently adjust antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expression. Additionally, we found that DClec was secreted into the hemolymph. Recombinant protein DClec (rDClec) agglutinated gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. Both rDClec and the native DClec in hemolymph bound to different bacteria. In this process, Ca2+ promoted the rDClec bacterial binding ability. After DClec interference, the phagocytosis ability of hemocytes was lower than that of the control group. Therefore, DClec can facilitate bacterial elimination by promoting AMPs expression and hemocyte phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ye Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wen-Ya Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gong-Wen Bo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Gui-Wen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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7
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Capanni F, Greco S, Tomasi N, Giulianini PG, Manfrin C. Orally administered nano-polystyrene caused vitellogenin alteration and oxidative stress in the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:147984. [PMID: 34118657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (≤100 nm) represent the smallest fraction of plastic litter and may result in the aquatic environment as degradation products of larger plastic material. To date, few studies focused on the interactions of micro- and nanoplastics with freshwater Decapoda. The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii, Girard, 1852) is an invasive species able to tolerate highly perturbed environments. As a benthic opportunistic feeder, this species may be susceptible to plastic ingestion. In this study, adult P. clarkii, at intermolt stage, were exposed to 100 μg of 100 nm carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) through diet in a 72 h acute toxicity test. An integrated approach was conceived to assess the biological effects of PS NPs, by analyzing both transcriptomic and physiological responses. Total hemocyte counts, basal and total phenoloxidase activities, glycemia and total protein concentration were investigated in crayfish hemolymph at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h from PS NPs administration to evaluate general stress response over time. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hemocytes and hepatopancreas were analyzed to ascertain the response of crayfish to PS NP challenge after 72 h. At a physiological level, crayfish were able to compensate for the induced stress, not exceeding generic stress thresholds. The RNA-Sequencing analysis revealed the altered expression of few genes involved in immune response, oxidative stress, gene transcription and translation, protein degradation, lipid metabolism, oxygen demand, and reproduction after PS NPs exposure. This study suggests that a low concentration of PS NPs may induce mild stress in crayfish, and sheds light on molecular pathways possibly involved in nanoplastic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Capanni
- Dept. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Samuele Greco
- Dept. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Noemi Tomasi
- Dept. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Piero G Giulianini
- Dept. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Chiara Manfrin
- Dept. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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8
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Redox/pH/NIR-responsive degradable silica nanospheres with fluorescence for drug release and photothermal therapy. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Characterization of a Novel Bacteriophage Henu2 and Evaluation of the Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Phage-Antibiotics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020174. [PMID: 33572473 PMCID: PMC7916345 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus phage Henu2 was isolated from a sewage sample collected in Kaifeng, China, in 2017. In this study, Henu2, a linear double-stranded DNA virus, was sequenced and found to be 43,513 bp long with 35% G + C content and 63 putative open reading frames (ORFs). Phage Henu2 belongs to the family Siphoviridae and possesses an isometric head (63 nm in diameter). The latent time and burst size of Henu2 were approximately 20 min and 7.8 plaque forming unit (PFU)/infected cells. The Henu2 maintained infectivity over a wide range of temperature (10–60 °C) and pH values (4–12). Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses indicate that Staphylococcus aureus phage Henu2 should be a new member of the family of Siphoviridae class-II. In this paper, Phage Henu2 alone exhibited weak inhibitory activity on the growth of S. aureus. However, the combination of phage Henu2 and some antibiotics or oxides could effectively inhibit the growth of S. aureus, with a decrease of more than three logs within 24 h in vitro. These results provide useful information that phage Henu2 can be combined with antibiotics to increase the production of phage Henu2 and thus enhance the efficacy of bacterial killing.
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10
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Porous silica nanocarriers with gold/carbon quantum dots for photo-chemotherapy and cellular imaging. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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11
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Jin P, Wang Y, Liang Z, Yuan M, Li H, Du Q. Efficient bioconversion of high-concentration d-fructose into d-mannose by a novel N-acyl- d-glucosamine 2-epimerase from Thermobifida halotolerans. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01915a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase ThMI exhibits high mannose isomerase activity with a maximum bioconversion ratio of 35.8% in 500 g L−1d-fructose. Whole-cell biocatalyst produced 157 g L−1d-mannose from 500 g L−1d-fructose in 60 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jin
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences
- Zhejiang A & F University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences
- Zhejiang A & F University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Zhengang Liang
- Technology Center of Haikou Customs District China
- Haikou 570311
- China
| | - Miao Yuan
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences
- Zhejiang A & F University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Microbial Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475001
- China
| | - Qizhen Du
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences
- Zhejiang A & F University
- Hangzhou
- China
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12
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Wan M, Zhao H, Peng L, Zou X, Zhao Y, Sun L. Loading of Au/Ag Bimetallic Nanoparticles within and Outside of the Flexible SiO 2 Electrospun Nanofibers as Highly Sensitive, Stable, Repeatable Substrates for Versatile and Trace SERS Detection. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3008. [PMID: 33339343 PMCID: PMC7766957 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a facile and cost-effective electrospinning technique to fabricate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates, which is appropriate for multiple analytes detection. First of all, HAuCl4∙3H2O was added into the TEOS/PVP precursor solution, and flexible SiO2 nanofibers incorporated with gold nanoparticles (SiO2@Au) were prepared by electrospinning and calcination. Subsequently, the nanofibrous membranes were immersed in the tannic acid and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution for surface modification through Michael addition reaction. Finally, the composite nanofibers (Ag@T-A@SiO2@Au) were obtained by the in-situ growth of Ag nanoparticles on the surfaces of nanofibers with tannic acid as a reducing agent. Due to the synergistic enhancement of Au and Ag nanoparticles, the flexible and self-supporting composite nanofibrous membranes have excellent SERS properties. Serving as SERS substrates, they are extremely sensitive to the detection of 4-mercaptophenol and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, with an enhancement factor of 108. Moreover, they could be utilized to detect analytes such as pesticide thiram at a low concentration of 10-8 mol/L, and the substrates retain excellent Raman signals stability during the durability test of 60 days. Furthermore, the as-fabricated substrates, as a versatile SERS platform, could be used to detect bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus without a specific and complicated bacteria-aptamer conjugation procedure, and the detection limit is up to 103 colony forming units/mL. Meanwhile, the substrates also show an excellent repeatability of SERS response for S. aureus organelles. Briefly, the prime novelty of this work is the fabrication of Au/Ag bimetallic synergetic enhancement substrates as SERS platform for versatile detection with high sensitivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lichao Peng
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (M.W.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | | | | | - Lei Sun
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (M.W.); (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Wu X, Qiu B, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhu J, Liu X, Zhao D. Online coupling Fe3O4@ZIF-67@α-glucosidase biomicroreactor with high performance liquid chromatography for rapid screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in tea and their inhibitory activity research. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1159:122398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Li Z, Liu W, Lyu Q. Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Endo-1,3-β-Glucanase from the Scallop Chlamys farreri. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090466. [PMID: 32947865 PMCID: PMC7551256 DOI: 10.3390/md18090466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endo-1,3-β-glucanases derived from marine mollusks have attracted much attention in recent years because of their unique transglycosylation activity. In this study, a novel endo-1,3-β-glucanase from the scallop Chlamys farreri, named Lcf, was biochemically characterized. Unlike in earlier studies on marine mollusk endo-1,3-β-glucanases, Lcf was expressed in vitro first. Enzymatic analysis demonstrated that Lcf preferred to hydrolyze laminarihexaose than to hydrolyze laminarin. Furthermore, Lcf was capable of catalyzing transglycosylation reactions with different kinds of glycosyl acceptors. More interestingly, the transglycosylation specificity of Lcf was different from that of other marine mollusk endo-1,3-β-glucanases, although they share a high sequence identity. This study enhanced our understanding of the diverse enzymatic specificities of marine mollusk endo-1,3-β-glucanases, which facilitated development of a unique endo-1,3-β-glucanase tool in the synthesis of novel glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Weizhi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.); (W.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Qianqian Lyu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Z.L.); (W.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
- Correspondence:
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Yang Y, Zhang Z, Wan M, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Sun L. Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates of Ag@PAN Electrospinning Nanofibrous Membranes for Direct Detection of Bacteria. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19834-19843. [PMID: 32803079 PMCID: PMC7424715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be applied for biological detection because of its high sensitivity and noninvasiveness for analytes. Herein, we engineer plasmonic free-standing substrates composed of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) supported on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning nanofibrous felts as sensors for bacterial detection. Ag NPs are evenly distributed on PAN nanofibers after preimpregnation and impregnation of PAN nanofibers in Tollens' reagent. The size and loading density of Ag NPs are tunable by adjusting the reaction time of glucose and Tollens' reagent, thereby allowing the tuning of the surface plasmon resonance. Using 4-mercaptophenol (4-MPh) and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as probe molecules, SERS effects of Ag@PAN composite nanofibers are investigated, and the substrates allow the detection of 4-MPh and 4-MBA at a low concentration of 10-9 mol/L. Importantly, the substrates exhibit a high sensitivity of SERS performance for bacterial identification without a specific bacteria-aptamer conjugation. The SERS substrates also show good uniformity of SERS response for bacterial organelles. Furthermore, the antimicrobial property was evaluated, and the results indicate that the sample of Ag@PAN nanofiber mats possesses excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Engineering
Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan
University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Material,
School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute for Advanced
Study, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Menghui Wan
- Engineering
Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan
University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Henan
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Circulating Water Treatment,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanbao Zhao
- Engineering
Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan
University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Engineering
Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan
University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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16
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Yang G, Zhao W, Qin C, Yang L, Meng X, Lu R, Yan X, Cao X, Zhang Y, Nie G. Molecular identification of grass carp igfbp2 and the effect of glucose, insulin, and glucagon on igfbp2 mRNA expression. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1469-1482. [PMID: 32323051 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The GH (growth hormone)/IGFs (insulin-like growth factors) system has an important function in the regulation of growth. In this system, IGFBPs play a crucial regulatory role in IGF functions. As a member of the IGFBP family, IGFBP2 can bind to IGF and regulate IGF functions to regulate development and growth. In addition, IGFBP2 shows key regulatory functions in cell proliferation and metabolism. In this study, the igfbp2 gene was cloned from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) liver. The ORF of grass carp igfbp2 is 834 bp long and encodes 277 amino acids. The tissue distribution results showed that igfbp2 is expressed in multiple tissues in grass carp and has a high expression level in the liver. In the OGTT, igfbp2 expression was significantly decreased in the liver and brain after 6 h of treatment with glucose. In vitro, igfbp2 expression in grass carp's primary hepatocytes was significantly suppressed by insulin after treatment for 6 and 12 h. Moreover, igfbp2 expression was markedly increased in a dose-dependent manner with glucagon incubation in grass carp's primary hepatocytes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about Igfbp2 in grass carp. These results will provide a basis for the in-depth study of grass carp Igfbp2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Meng
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Lu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yan
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Cao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China.
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Gong AD, Lian SB, Wu NN, Zhou YJ, Zhao SQ, Zhang LM, Cheng L, Yuan HY. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis of catechins, caffeine and theanine biosynthesis in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) over the course of seasons. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:294. [PMID: 32600265 PMCID: PMC7322862 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catechins, caffeine, and theanine as three important metabolites in the tea leaves play essential roles in the formation of specific taste and shows potential health benefits to humans. However, the knowledge on the dynamic changes of these metabolites content over seasons, as well as the candidate regulatory factors, remains largely undetermined. RESULTS An integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic approach was used to analyze the dynamic changes of three mainly metabolites including catechins, caffeine, and theanine, and to explore the potential influencing factors associated with these dynamic changes over the course of seasons. We found that the catechins abundance was higher in Summer than that in Spring and Autumn, and the theanine abundance was significantly higher in Spring than that in Summer and Autumn, whereas caffeine exhibited no significant changes over three seasons. Transcriptomics analysis suggested that genes in photosynthesis pathway were significantly down-regulated which might in linkage to the formation of different phenotypes and metabolites content in the tea leaves of varied seasons. Fifty-six copies of nine genes in catechins biosynthesis, 30 copies of 10 genes in caffeine biosynthesis, and 12 copies of six genes in theanine biosynthesis were detected. The correlative analysis further presented that eight genes can be regulated by transcription factors, and highly correlated with the changes of metabolites abundance in tea-leaves. CONCLUSION Sunshine intensity as a key factor can affect photosynthesis of tea plants, further affect the expression of major Transcription factors (TFs) and structural genes in, and finally resulted in the various amounts of catechins, caffeine and theaine in tea-leaves over three seasons. These findings provide new insights into abundance and influencing factors of metabolites of tea in different seasons, and further our understanding in the formation of flavor, nutrition and medicinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Dong Gong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bin Lian
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan-Nan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jie Zhou
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Yu Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China.
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Wu H, Chen Q, Jiao M, Xia X, Lian X, Huang N, Li K, Yin J, Shi B. Evaluation of nanomechanical properties of hyperbranched polyglycerols as prospective cell membrane engineering block. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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IMCA Induces Ferroptosis Mediated by SLC7A11 through the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1675613. [PMID: 32322334 PMCID: PMC7160732 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1675613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, implicated in several diseases, is a new form of programmed and nonapoptotic cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation after inactivation of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc-, which is composed of solute carrier family 7 membrane 11 (SLC7A11) and solute carrier family 3 membrane 2 (SLC3A2). Therefore, inducing ferroptosis through inhibiting the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- may be an effective way to treat cancer. In previous screening tests, we found that the benzopyran derivative 2-imino-6-methoxy-2H-chromene-3-carbothioamide (IMCA) significantly inhibited the viability of colorectal cancer cells. However, the impact of IMCA on ferroptosis remains unknown. Hence, this study investigated the effect of IMCA on ferroptosis and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism. Results showed that IMCA significantly inhibited the cell viability of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth with negligible organ toxicity in vivo. Further studies showed that IMCA significantly induced the ferroptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Mechanistically, IMCA downregulated the expression of SLC7A11 and decreased the contents of cysteine and glutathione, which resulted in reactive oxygen species accumulation and ferroptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of SLC7A11 significantly attenuated the ferroptosis caused by IMCA. In addition, IMCA regulated the activity of the AMPK/mTOR/p70S6k signaling pathway, which is related to the activity of SLC7A11 and ferroptosis. Collectively, our research provided experimental evidences on the activity and mechanism of ferroptosis induced by IMCA and revealed that IMCA might be a promising therapeutic drug for colorectal cancer.
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20
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Huang Y, Ren Q. Research progress in innate immunity of freshwater crustaceans. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:103569. [PMID: 31830502 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrates lack adaptive immunity and innate immunity plays important roles in combating foreign invasive pathogens. Freshwater crustaceans, which are invertebrates, depend completely on their innate immune system. In recent years, many immune-related molecules in freshwater crustaceans, as well as their functions, have been identified. Three main immune signaling pathways, namely, Toll, immune deficiency (IMD), and Janus kinase-signal transducer activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathways, were found in freshwater crustaceans. A series of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll receptors, lectins, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan binding protein, scavenger receptors, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecules, and thioester-containing proteins, were reported. Prophenoloxidase activation system and antimicrobial peptide synthesis are two important immune effector systems. These components are involved in the innate immunity of freshwater crustaceans, and they function in the innate immune defense against invading pathogens. This review mainly summarizes innate immune signaling pathways, PRRs, and effector molecules in freshwater crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225800, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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21
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Zou X, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Wang Z, Zeng R, Li K, Zhao Y, Zhang Z. A porous nano-adsorbent with dual functional groups for selective binding proteins with a low detection limit. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23270-23275. [PMID: 35520347 PMCID: PMC9054699 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01193b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous nano-adsorbent with dual functional groups for selective binding proteins with a low detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zou
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Institute of Technology
- Henan University Minsheng College
- Kaifeng 459000
- China
| | - Zhibo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Institute of Technology
- Henan University Minsheng College
- Kaifeng 459000
- China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement
- Kaifeng 459000
- China
| | - Yanbao Zhao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials
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22
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Enhanced Antifungal Activities of Eugenol-Entrapped Casein Nanoparticles against Anthracnose in Postharvest Fruits. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9121777. [PMID: 31847287 PMCID: PMC6956159 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to improve the antifungal effects of eugenol through low-energy self-assembly fabrication and optimization of eugenol-casein nanoparticles (EC-NPs). Optimized EC-NPs (eugenol/casein ratio of 1:5) were obtained with a mean size of 307.4 ± 2.5 nm and entrapment efficiency of 86.3% ± 0.2%, and showed high stability under incubated at 20 and 37 °C for 48 h. EC-NPs exhibited satisfactory sustained-release effect at 20 °C or 37 °C, with remaining eugenols amounts of 79.51% and 53.41% after 72 h incubation, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of native eugenol (only 26.40% and 19.82% after the first 12 h). EC-NPs exhibited a greater antifungal activity (>95.7%) against spore germination of fungus that was greater than that of native eugenol, showed 100% inhibition of the anthracnose incidence in postharvest pear after 7 d. EC-NPs is potential as an environmental-friendly preservatives in the food industry.
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23
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Gong AD, Dong FY, Hu MJ, Kong XW, Wei FF, Gong SJ, Zhang YM, Zhang JB, Wu AB, Liao YC. Antifungal activity of volatile emitted from Enterobacter asburiae Vt-7 against Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins in peanuts during storage. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Linton SM. Review: The structure and function of cellulase (endo-β-1,4-glucanase) and hemicellulase (β-1,3-glucanase and endo-β-1,4-mannase) enzymes in invertebrates that consume materials ranging from microbes, algae to leaf litter. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 240:110354. [PMID: 31647988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the reaction catalysed, and the structure and function of the cellulase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase and the hemicellulase enzymes, β-1,3-glucanase and endo-β-1,4-mannase that are present in numerous invertebrate groups with a diverse range of feeding specialisations. These range from microbial deposit and filter feeders, micro and macrophagous algal feeders, omnivores to herbivorous leaf litter and wood feeders. Endo-β-1,4-glucanase from glycosyl hydrolase family 9 (GH9) digests cellulose like β-1,4-glucans from a range of materials. As it hydrolyses crystalline cellulose very slowly, it is a poor cellulase. Where tested, the enzyme has dual endo-β-1,4-glucanase and lichenase activity. Its presence does not necessarily indicate the ability of an animal to digest cellulose. It only indicates the ability to digest β-1,4-glucans and its function, which is discussed in this review, should be considered with reference to the substrates present in the diet. β-1,3-glucanase (laminarinase) belongs to glycosyl hydrolase family 16 (GH16) and hydrolyses β-1.3-glucans. These polysaccharides are present in the cell walls of algae, protozoans and yeast, and they also occur as storage polysaccharides within protozoans and algae. Depending on their site of expression, these enzymes may function as a digestive enzyme or may be involved in innate immunity. Enzymes present in the digestive fluids or tissues, would be digestive. Haemolymph GH16 proteins may be involved in innate immunity through the activation of the phenol oxidase system. Insect GH16 proteins expressed within the haemolymph have lost their catalytic residues and function as β-glucan binding proteins. In contrast, crustacean GH16 proteins expressed within the same tissue, have retained the catalytic residues and thus possibly their β-1,3-glucanase activity. The potential function of which is discussed. Endo-β-1,4-mannase from glycosyl hydrolase family 5, subfamily 10 (GH5_10) hydrolyses mannan, glucomannan and galactomannan. These hemicelluloses are present in the cell walls of plants and algae and also function as storage polysaccharides within legume and palm seeds. They are digestive enzymes whose high expression in some species suggests they are a major contributor to hemicellulose digestion. They may also provide the animal with substantial amounts of monosaccharides for energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Linton
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, VIC 3216, Australia.
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25
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Di G, Li Y, Zhao X, Wang N, Fu J, Li M, Huang M, You W, Kong X, Ke C. Differential proteomic profiles and characterizations between hyalinocytes and granulocytes in ivory shell Babylonia areolata. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:405-420. [PMID: 31212011 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The haemocytes of the ivory shell, Babylonia areolata are classified by morphologic observation into the following types: hyalinocytes (H) and granulocytes (G). Haemocytes comprise diverse cell types with morphological and functional heterogene and play indispensable roles in immunological homeostasis of invertebrates. In the present study, two types of haemocytes were morphologically identified and separated as H and G by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The differentially expressed proteins were investigated between H and G using mass spectrometry. The results showed that total quantitative proteins between H and G samples were 1644, the number of up-regulated proteins in G was 215, and the number of down-regulated proteins in G was 378. Among them, cathepsin, p38 MAPK, toll-interacting protein-like and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2-like were up-regulated in G; alpha-2-macroglobulin-like protein, C-type lectin, galectin-2-1, galectin-3, β-1,3-glucan-binding protein, ferritin, mega-hemocyanin, mucin-17-like, mucin-5AC-like and catalytic subunit of protein kinase A were down-regulated in G. The results showed that the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were the pathways related to ribosome, phagosome, endocytosis, carbon metabolism, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative phosphorylation. For phagosome and endocytosis pathway, the number of down-regulation proteins in G was more than that of up-regulation proteins. For lysosome pathway, the number of up-regulation proteins in G was more than that of down-regulation proteins. These results suggested that two sub-population haemocytes perform the different immune functions in B. areolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Di
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jingqiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weiwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Li H, Xu C, Zhou L, Dong Y, Su Y, Wang X, Qin JG, Chen L, Li E. Beneficial effects of dietary β-glucan on growth and health status of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at low salinity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:315-324. [PMID: 31129185 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary β-glucan supplement (0, 0.01%, 0.02%, or 0.04%) on growth and health of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at low salinity of 3 practical salinity unit (psu). The L. vannamei fed 0.02% and 0.04% β-glucan gained more weight and showed higher activities of protease, amylase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the intestine than in the control (0% β-glucan). The L. vannamei fed 0.04% β-glucan had a higher condition factor than those fed the control diet. Amylase activity in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei fed 0.02% β-glucan was higher than those fed the control diet. Dietary β-glucan supplement increased the mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor, myostatin, immune deficiency or heat shock protein 70, but decreased the mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and C-type lectin 3 in both hepatopancreas and intestine. The response of intestine microbiota in L. vannamei fed 0.04% β-glucan was further compared to the control. The 0.04% β-glucan supplement reduced richness and diversity of the intestinal microbial community as indicated by the low values of Chao1 estimator, ACE estimator, Simpson index and Shannon diversity index. Abundances of Bacillus, Chitinibacter, Geobacillus and Vibrio in the intestine increased, while Flavobacterium, Microbacterium and Mycobacterium decreased significantly in L. vannamei fed 0.04% β-glucan compared to the control. This study indicates that dietary β-glucan supplement at 0.02%-0.04% can significantly improve digestibility, antioxidant capacity and immunity in L. vannamei, and thus improve growth performance and survival at low salinity. These beneficial effects of β-glucan probably are related to the dominance of probiotics over potential pathogens in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China; School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Yangfan Dong
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Yujie Su
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian G Qin
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
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Li C, Wen Y, He Y, Zhu J, Yin X, Yang J, Zhang L, Song L, Xia X, Yu R. Purification and characterization of a novel β-1,3-glucanase from Arca inflata and its immune-enhancing effects. Food Chem 2019; 290:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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28
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Gong AD, Wu NN, Kong XW, Zhang YM, Hu MJ, Gong SJ, Dong FY, Wang JH, Zhao ZY, Liao YC. Inhibitory Effect of Volatiles Emitted From Alcaligenes faecalis N1-4 on Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxins in Storage. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1419. [PMID: 31293550 PMCID: PMC6603156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins (AFs) in grains and food during storage is a great challenge to humans worldwide. Alcaligenes faecalis N1-4 isolated from tea rhizosphere soil can produce abundant antifungal volatiles, and greatly inhibited the growth of A. flavus in un-contacted face-to-face dual culture testing. Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry revealed that dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and methyl isovalerate (MI) were two abundant compounds in the volatile profiles of N1-4. DMDS was found to have the highest relative abundance (69.90%, to the total peak area) in N1-4, which prevented the conidia germination and mycelial growth of A. flavus at 50 and 100 μL/L, respectively. The effective concentration for MI against A. flavus is 200 μL/L. Additionally, Real-time quantitative PCR analysis proved that the expression of 12 important genes in aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway was reduced by these volatiles, and eight genes were down regulated by 4.39 to 32.25-folds compared to control treatment with significant differences. And the A. flavus infection and AFs contamination in groundnut, maize, rice and soybean of high water activity were completely inhibited by volatiles from N1-4 in storage. Scanning electron microscope further proved that A. flavus conidia inoculated on peanuts surface were severely damaged by volatiles from N1-4. Furthermore, strain N1-4 showed broad and antifungal activity to other six important plant pathogens including Fusarium graminearum, F. equiseti, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, and Colletotrichum graminicola. Thus, A. faecalis N1-4 and volatile DMDS and MI may have potential to be used as biocontrol agents to control A. flavus and AFs during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Dong Gong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan-Nan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Xian-Wei Kong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yi-Mei Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Meng-Jun Hu
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Shuang-Jun Gong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei-Yan Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhao
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Cai Liao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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29
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Istas O, Greenhalgh A, Cooper R. The Effects of a Bacterial Endotoxin on Behavior and Sensory-CNS-Motor Circuits in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10040115. [PMID: 31013568 PMCID: PMC6523965 DOI: 10.3390/insects10040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of bacterial sepsis on animal behavior and physiology is complex due to direct and indirect actions. The most common form of bacterial sepsis in humans is from gram-negative bacterial strains. The endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and/or associated peptidoglycans from the bacteria are the key agents to induce an immune response, which then produces a cascade of immunological consequences. However, there are direct actions of LPS and associated peptidoglycans on cells which are commonly overlooked. This study showed behavioral and neural changes in larval Drosophila fed commercially obtained LPS from Serratia marcescens. Locomotor behavior was not altered, but feeding behavior increased and responses to sensory tactile stimuli were decreased. In driving a sensory-central nervous system (CNS)-motor neural circuit in in-situ preparations, direct application of commercially obtained LPS initially increased evoked activity and then decreased and even stopped evoked responses in a dose-dependent manner. With acute LPS and associated peptidoglycans exposure (10 min), the depressed neural responses recovered within a few minutes after removal of LPS. Commercially obtained LPS induces a transitory hyperpolarization of the body wall muscles within seconds of exposure and alters activity within the CNS circuit. Thus, LPS and/or associated peptidoglycans have direct effects on body wall muscle without a secondary immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Istas
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
| | - Abigail Greenhalgh
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
| | - Robin Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
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