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Yang M, Luo S, Zhou Q, Lu J, Chen J. Immersion immunization with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae displaying ORF25 induced protective immunity against cyprinid herpesvirus 2. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024:e13996. [PMID: 38973170 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Displaying antigens on yeast surface as an oral vaccine has been widely explored, while its potential as an immersion vaccine has not been evaluated. Here, an immersion vaccine was prepared by displaying ORF25 of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Carassius auratus gibelio was immersion immunized by 2 × 107 CFU/mL yeast for 2 h, and reinforce the immunity using the same method 14 days after the first immunization. The results showed that ORF25 specific antibody in immunized crucian carp serum was detected at a high level, and the mRNA expression level of IgM, IgT, IL-1β, and IFN-1 in vaccinated head-kidney and spleen tissues were higher than the control group, indicating that innate and adaptive immunity were induced. Moreover, the immersion vaccination provided effective protection for fish against CyHV-2, leading to a relative percent survival of 50.2%. Meanwhile, immersion vaccination restrained virus replication and histological damage in CyHV-2 infected crucian carp. Our data suggested that immersion immunization of S. cerevisiae-displayed ORF25 could be served as a candidate vaccine to prevent CyHV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qianjin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianfei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Feng Z, Cheng W, Ma M, Yu C, Zhang Y, Lu L, Wang H, Gui L, Xu D, Dong C. Generation and Characterization of ORF55/ORF57-Deleted Recombinant Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 Mutants with Chimeric Capsid Protein Gene of Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:43. [PMID: 38250856 PMCID: PMC10820899 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is a pathogen that causes significant losses to the global aquaculture industry due to mass mortality in crucian carp and goldfish. This study demonstrates that the ORF55/ORF57 deletion mutants CyHV-2-Δ55-CP and CyHV-2-Δ57-CP obtained through homologous recombination replicate effectively within the caudal fin of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF) cells and exhibit morphologies similar to the CyHV-2 wild-type strain. Both mutants demonstrated a decrease in virulence, with CyHV-2-Δ57-CP exhibiting a more significant reduction. This serves as a reference for the subsequent development of recombinant attenuated vaccines against CyHV-2. Additionally, both mutants expressed the inserted RGNNV-CP (capsid protein of Redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus) fusion protein gene, and inoculation with CyHV-2-Δ57-CP-infected GiCF cell lysates elicited an antibody response in the grouper. These results indicate that, while ORF55 and ORF57 genes of CyHV-2 are not required for viral replication in vitro, they do play a role in virulence in vivo. Additionally, expression of foreign protein in CyHV-2 suggests that the fully attenuated mutant of CyHV-2 could potentially function as a viral vector for developing subunit vaccines or multivalent recombinant attenuated vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhao Feng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingyang Ma
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chenwei Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lang Gui
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (Z.F.); (W.C.); (M.M.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (H.W.); (L.G.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chuanfu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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3
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Baculovirus Display of Peptides and Proteins for Medical Applications. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020411. [PMID: 36851625 PMCID: PMC9962271 DOI: 10.3390/v15020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Baculoviridae is a large family of arthropod-infective viruses. Recombinant baculoviruses have many applications, the best known is as a system for large scale protein production in combination with insect cell cultures. More recently recombinant baculoviruses have been utilized for the display of proteins of interest with applications in medicine. In the present review we analyze the different strategies for the display of proteins and peptides on the surface of recombinant baculoviruses and provide some examples of the different proteins displayed. We analyze briefly the commercially available systems for recombinant baculovirus production and display and discuss the future of this emerging and powerful technology.
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Zhu M, Shen Z, Gu Y, Tong X, Zhang Y, Pan J, Feng Y, Hu X, Wang Y, Cao G, Xue R, Gong C. A recombinant baculovirus vector vaccine (BacMCP) against the infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:165-176. [PMID: 36423261 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) is a highly lethal virus, which has brought significant losses to aquaculture. Therefore, a new vaccine against ISKNV with high efficiency, safety and convenience must be developed. While baculoviruses are more commonly used as protein expression systems for vaccine antigen production, this paper used baculovirus technology to develop a live-vector vaccine, BacMCP, which contains the coding sequence of the major capsid protein (MCP) (GenBank accession no. AF371960) of ISKNV and is driven by a CMV promoter. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence showed that the MCP gene was successfully delivered to and expressed in fish cells and tissues inoculated with BacMCP. Immune-related gene (IgM, TGF-β, IL-1, IL-8, TNF-α) expression was induced in BacMCP-treated groups of largemouth bass compared with control groups. Specific antibodies could be detected in the serum of BacMCP injection-vaccinated largemouth bass by ELISA. After injection or immersion vaccination with BacMCP for 21 days, largemouth bass were infected with ISKNV. The immune effect of the injected immunization on fish in different sizes was evaluated. The vaccine efficacy of injection-vaccinated bass was 100% in small bass and 85.7% in large bass. The vaccine efficacy of immersion-vaccinated small bass was 77.3%. This study suggested that BacMCP can be used as a vector-based vaccine candidate to prevent the diseases caused by ISKNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeen Shen
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuchao Gu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Pan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Feng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Zhao L, Gao W, Zheng Y, Lu L, Li Q, Jiang Y. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for cyprinid herpesvirus 2. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1673-1681. [PMID: 35904338 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infections of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in goldfish and farmed crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) are still an urgent problem worldwide. Detection and prevention are necessary for the control of haematopoietic necrosis disease caused by CyHV-2. Although many sensitive molecular diagnostic methods have been developed, effective immunodiagnosis and neutralization approaches based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against CyHV-2 are still important to CyHV-2 study. In this experiment, purified CyHV-2 was used as antigens to produce monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). Six Mabs bound to different proteins were selected by Dot-blot screening and Western-blot analysis, and no one had cross-reactivity with closely related koi herpesvirus. Among them, Mabs 2E1-B10, 1F5-A3 and 4C4-A7 belonged to IgG1 isotype, while other three Mabs 3G9-B11, 3B4-G5 and 4F4-B7 belonged to IgM isotype. These six Mabs all could specifically detect CyHV-2 in CyHV-2 infected caudal fin of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF) cells by immunofluorescence assays. Then, the neutralization ability was tested in vitro, and the result showed that all six Mabs can attenuate CPE by CyHV-2 in vitro among which 2E1-B10 had the best neutralization ability. The virus proteins recognized by these six Mabs were identified by mass spectrometry identification, and the result showed they probably were ORF88, ORF55R, ORF115 and ORF151R. This study is the first to prepare Mabs by purifying CyHV-2, which will provide a practical basis for the in-depth study of CyHV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lupin Zhao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wa Gao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Zheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Dong ZR, Mu QJ, Kong WG, Qin DC, Zhou Y, Wang XY, Cheng GF, Luo YZ, Ai TS, Xu Z. Gut mucosal immune responses and protective efficacy of oral yeast Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) vaccine in Carassius auratus gibelio. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932722. [PMID: 35967417 PMCID: PMC9373009 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) causes herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis (HVHN) disease outbreaks in farmed Cyprinid fish, which leads to serious economic losses worldwide. Although oral vaccination is considered the most suitable strategy for preventing infectious diseases in farmed fish, so far there is no commercial oral vaccine available for controlling HVNN in gibel carp (C. auratus gibelio). In the present study, we developed for the first time an oral vaccine against CyHV-2 by using yeast cell surface display technology and then investigated the effect of this vaccine in gibel carp. Furthermore, the protective efficacy was evaluated by comparing the immune response of a single vaccination with that of a booster vaccination (booster-vaccinated once 2 weeks after the initial vaccination). Critically, the activities of immune-related enzymes and genes expression in vaccine group, especially in the booster vaccine group, were higher than those in the control group. Moreover, strong innate and adaptive immune responses could be elicited in both mucosal and systemic tissues after receipt of the oral yeast vaccine. To further understand the protective efficacy of this vaccine in gibel carp, we successfully developed the challenge model with CyHV-2. Our results showed the relative percent survival was 66.7% in the booster vaccine group, indicating this oral yeast vaccine is a promising vaccine for controlling CyHV-2 disease in gibel carp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ran Dong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Jiang Mu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Guang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Cheng Qin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-You Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao-Feng Cheng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Zhi Luo
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co., Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao-Shan Ai
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co., Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xu,
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Zhang T, Gu Y, Liu X, Yuan R, Zhou Y, Dai Y, Fang P, Feng Y, Cao G, Chen H, Xue R, Hu X, Gong C. Incidence of Carassius auratus Gibelio Gill Hemorrhagic Disease Caused by CyHV-2 Infection Can Be Reduced by Vaccination with Polyhedra Incorporating Antigens. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9040397. [PMID: 33923836 PMCID: PMC8072653 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation of antigens within protein microcrystals (polyhedra) is a promising approach for the stable delivery of vaccines. In this study, a vaccine was encapsulated into polyhedra against cyprinid herpesvirus II (CyHV-2). CyHV-2 typically infects gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, causing gill hemorrhagic disease. The vaccine was constructed using a codon-optimized sequence, D4ORF, comprising the ORF72 (region 1–186 nt), ORF66 (region 993–1197 nt), ORF81 (region 603–783 nt), and ORF82 (region 85–186 nt) genes of CyHV-2. The H1-D4ORF and D4ORF-VP3 sequences were, respectively, obtained by fusing the H1-helix sequence (region 1–90 nt) ofBombyx mori cypovirus(BmCPV) polyhedrin to the 5′ terminal end of D4ORF and by fusing a partial sequence (1–279 nt) of the BmCPV VP3 gene to the 3′ terminal end of D4ORF. Furthermore, BmNPV-H1-D4ORF-polh and BmNPV-D4ORF-VP3-polh recombinant B. mori nucleopolyhedroviruses (BmNPVs), belonging to the family Baculoviridae, and co-expressing BmCPV polyhedrin and H1-D4ORF or D4ORF-VP3, were constructed. H1-D4ORF and D4ORF-VP3 fusion proteins were confirmed to be encapsulated into recombinant cytoplasmic polyhedra by Western blotting. Degradation of vaccine proteins was assessed by SDS-PAGE, and the results showed that the encapsulated vaccine proteins in polyhedra could be protected from degradation. Furthermore, when gibel carp were vaccinated with the purified polyhedra from BmNPV-H1-D4ORF-polh and BmNPV-D4ORF-VP3-polh via injection, the antibody titers in the serum of the vaccinated fish reached 1:6400–1:12,800 at 3 weeks post-vaccination. Therelative percentage of survival of immunized gibel carp reached 64.71% and 58.82%, respectively, following challenge with CyHV-2. These results suggest that incorporating vaccine protein into BmCPV polyhedra may be a novel approach for developing aquaculture microencapsulated vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
| | - Yuchao Gu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing 210036, China; (X.L.); (R.Y.); (P.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Rui Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing 210036, China; (X.L.); (R.Y.); (P.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- Dafeng District Aquaculture Technical Extension Station of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224100, China;
| | - Yaping Dai
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
| | - Ping Fang
- Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing 210036, China; (X.L.); (R.Y.); (P.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Yongjie Feng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing 210036, China; (X.L.); (R.Y.); (P.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (C.G.)
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.Z.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.); (Y.F.); (G.C.); (R.X.)
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (C.G.)
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8
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Utilizing conductivity of seawater for bioelectric measurement of fish. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16363. [PMID: 33004980 PMCID: PMC7530725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To manage health conditions of farmed fish and other living creatures, a simple method to measure bioelectric signals of the creatures in seawater is expected. A novel method to measure bioelectric signals by utilizing the conductivity of seawater surrounding the entire body of a fish is proposed. As for the proposed method, a needle-type internal electrode is inserted into the fish’s muscle at a certain measurement point, and an external electrode is sunk in seawater. The internal electrode is isolated from the seawater by virtue of being inserted in the fish. Bioelectric signals generated between the external and internal electrodes are then measured. By sharing the external electrode with the internal electrode, it is possible to measure bioelectric signals with half the number of bioelectrodes used by conventional methods. To demonstrate the practicality of the proposed method, two internal electrodes were inserted into different parts (above the gills and near the tail) of three fish (Parajulis poecilepterus, ca. 20 cm fork length) kept in a tank. The proposed method obtained reliable bioelectric signals corresponding to electrocardiograms (ECGs) and electromyograms (EMGs) from each part of the individual fish.
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9
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Zhang J, Cui Z, Hu G, Jiang X, Wang J, Qiao G, Li Q. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the antiviral response in the spleen of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) after poly I: C treatment. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:13-19. [PMID: 32247830 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is an important commercial fish that has become one of the most cultured fishes in the region of Yangtze River in China. However, the fish faces increasing hazard due to cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) infection, which has caused great economic losses. In this study, healthy gibel carp were intraperitoneally injected with different doses of poly I:C at 24 h before CyHV-2 challenge. Results showed that the mortality decreased and peak death time appeared later in the fish injected with poly I:C at a dose of 10 μg/g body weight. To explore what gene plays an important role after poly I:C treatment, the transcriptome analysis of the gibel carp spleen was further performed. Compared with the PBS group, 1286 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the poly I:C-treated fish, including 1006 up-regulated and 280 down-regulated DEGs. GO analysis revealed that the most enriched DEGs responded to "biological regulation", "regulation of cellular process" and "regulation of biological process". Meanwhile, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly mapped on the immune pathways like "TNF signal pathway", "p53 signal pathway" and "JAK-STAT signal pathway", suggesting that these signal pathways may be responsible for the delayed peak of CyHV-2 infection in gibel carp after poly I:C treatment. Taken together, this study provides insights into the immune protection effect of poly I:C against CyHV-2 infection, as well as providing useful information for antiviral defense in gibel carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhang
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Zhengyi Cui
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China; Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guangyao Hu
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Guo Qiao
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China.
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Review on Immersion Vaccines for Fish: An Update 2019. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120627. [PMID: 31795391 PMCID: PMC6955699 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immersion vaccines are used for a variety of aquacultured fish to protect against infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. During immersion vaccination the antigens are taken up by the skin, gills or gut and processed by the immune system, where the resulting response may lead to protection. The lack of classical secondary responses following repeated immersion vaccination may partly be explained by the limited uptake of antigens by immersion compared to injection. Administration of vaccines depends on the size of the fish. In most cases, immersion vaccination is inferior to injection vaccination with regard to achieved protection. However, injection is problematic in small fish, and fry as small as 0.5 gram may be immersion vaccinated when they are considered adaptively immunocompetent. Inactivated vaccines are, in many cases, weakly immunogenic, resulting in low protection after immersion vaccination. Therefore, during recent years, several studies have focused on different ways to augment the efficacy of these vaccines. Examples are booster vaccination, administration of immunostimulants/adjuvants, pretreatment with low frequency ultrasound, use of live attenuated and DNA vaccines, preincubation in hyperosmotic solutions, percutaneous application of a multiple puncture instrument and application of more suitable inactivation chemicals. Electrostatic coating with positively charged chitosan to obtain mucoadhesive vaccines and a more efficient delivery of inactivated vaccines has also been successful.
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