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Villalba A, Coimbra RM, Pampín M, Iglesias D, Costas D, Mariño C, Blanco A, Vera M, Domínguez M, Cacabelos E, Abella E, Incera M, Otero RF, Martínez P. A common garden experiment supports a genetic component underlying the increased resilience of common cockle ( Cerastoderma edule) to the parasite Marteilia cochillia. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1789-1804. [PMID: 38029062 PMCID: PMC10681494 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The common cockle is a valuable bivalve species inhabiting the Atlantic European coasts. The parasite Marteilia cochillia has devastated cockle beds in the southern Galician (NW Spain) rias since 2012. Previous data suggested that cockles from Ría de Arousa acquired some resilience to this parasite through natural selection after consecutive annual marteiliosis outbreaks and candidate markers associated with marteiliosis resilience were identified using population genomics and transcriptomics approaches. Here, a common garden experiment was performed using a naïve stock (from Ría de Muros-Noia) and an affected stock (from Ría de Arousa) to test this hypothesis. Breeders from both stocks were used to produce seed cohorts at hatchery, which were pre-grown in a raft (outdoor nursery stage) and deployed in two shellfish beds affected by marteiliosis in Ría de Arousa (growing-out stage). In both beds, the naïve stock showed high marteiliosis prevalence and was fully depleted in a short period, while the affected stock barely showed evidence of marteiliosis. A set of 45 SNPs putatively associated with marteiliosis resilience were fitted for MassARRAY genotyping to check their role in the differential resilience detected between both stocks. Though no significant differentiation was found between the naïve and the affected stocks with neutral markers, 28 SNPs showed significant divergence between them, suggesting that these SNPs were involved in directional selection during eight generations (to the most) of marteiliosis pressure (long-term selection). Furthermore, signals of selection were also detected in the naïve stock along the marteiliosis outbreak in the growing-out stage (short-term selection) and six SNPs, all shared with the long-term evaluation, showed consistent signals of differentiation according to the infection severity. Some of these SNPs were located within immune genes pertaining to families such as proteasome, ubiquitin, tumor necrosis factor, and glutathione S-transferase. These resilience-associated markers will be useful to recover cockle production in Galicia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de GaliciaVilanova de ArousaSpain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad de AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE)University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)PlentziaSpain
| | - Raquel M. Coimbra
- Departamento de Pesca e AquiculturaUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain
| | - Marina Pampín
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain
| | - David Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de GaliciaVilanova de ArousaSpain
| | - Damián Costas
- Centro de Investigación MariñaUniversidade de Vigo, ECIMATVigoSpain
| | | | - Andrés Blanco
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain
| | - Manuel Vera
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain
| | | | - Eva Cacabelos
- Hydrosphere S. L.VigoSpain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasIIM‐CSICVigoSpain
| | - Emilio Abella
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de GaliciaVilanova de ArousaSpain
- Confraría de Pescadores A PastorizaVilanova de ArousaSpain
| | - Mónica Incera
- Centro Tecnolóxico do Mar ‐ Fundación CETMARVigoSpain
| | | | - Paulino Martínez
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus TerraUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain
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Li X, Bai Y, Dong Z, Xu C, Liu S, Yu H, Kong L, Li Q. Chromosome-level genome assembly of the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) provides insights into its evolution and adaptation. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 45:101045. [PMID: 36470107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) is an endangered and economically important marine bivalve species that plays a critical role in the coastal ecosystem. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of O. edulis, generated using PacBio HiFi-CCS long reads and annotated with Nanopore full-length transcriptome. The O. edulis genome covers 946.06 Mb (scaffold N50 94.82 Mb) containing 34,495 protein-coding genes and a high proportion of repeat sequences (58.49 %). The reconstructed demographic histories show that O. edulis population might be shaped by breeding habit (embryo brooding) and historical climatic change. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that transposable elements may drive lineage-specific evolution in oysters. Notably, the O. edulis genome has a Hox gene cluster rearrangement that has never been reported in bivalves, making this species valuable for evolutionary studies of molluscan diversification. Moreover, genome expansion of O. edulis is probably central to its adaptation to filter-feeding and sessile lifestyles, as well as embryo brooding and pathogen resistance, in coastal ecosystems. This chromosome-level genome assembly provides new insights into the genome feature of oysters, and presents an important resource for genetic research, evolutionary studies, and biological conservation of O. edulis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yitian Bai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chengxun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lingfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Li Y, Xue Y, Peng Z, Zhang L. Immune diversity in lophotrochozoans, with a focus on recognition and effector systems. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2262-2275. [PMID: 37035545 PMCID: PMC10073891 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lophotrochozoa is one of the most species-rich but immunologically poorly explored phyla. Although lack of acquired response in a narrow sense, lophotrochozoans possess various genetic mechanisms that enhance the diversity and specificity of innate immune system. Here, we review the recent advances of comparative immunology studies in lophotrochozoans with focus on immune recognition and effector systems. Haemocytes and coelomocytes are general important yet understudied player. Comparative genomics studies suggest expansion and functional divergence of lophotrochozoan immune reorganization systems is not as "homogeneous and simple" as we thought including the large-scale expansion and molecular divergence of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (TLRs, RLRs, lectins, etc.) and signaling adapters (MyD88s etc.), significant domain recombination of immune receptors (RLR, NLRs, lectins, etc.), extensive somatic recombination of fibrinogenrelated proteins (FREPs) in snails. Furthermore, there are repeatedly identified molecular mechanisms that generate immune effector diversity, including high polymorphism of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and cytokines. Finally, we argue that the next generation omics tools and the recently emerged genome editing technicism will revolutionize our understanding of innate immune system in a comparative immunology perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnan Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Xue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhangjie Peng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author at: CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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Weng N, Meng J, Huo S, Wu F, Wang WX. Hemocytes of bivalve mollusks as cellular models in toxicological studies of metals and metal-based nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:120082. [PMID: 36057327 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of environmental pollutants on immune systems is indispensable in ecological and health risk assessments due to the significance of normal immunological functions in all living organisms. Bivalves as sentinel organisms with vital ecological importance are widely distributed in aquatic environments and their innate immune systems are the sensitive targets of environmental pollutants. As the central component of innate immunity, bivalve hemocytes are endowed with specialized endolysosomal systems for particle internalization and metal detoxification. These intrinsic biological features make them a unique cellular model for metal- and nano-immunotoxicology research. In this review, we firstly provided a general overview of bivalve's innate immunity and the classification and immune functions of hemocytes. We then summarized the recent progress on the interactions of metals and nanoparticles with bivalve hemocytes, with emphasis on the involvement of hemocytes in metal regulation and detoxification, the interactions of hemocytes and nanoparticles at eco/bio-nano interface and hemocyte-mediated immune responses to the exposure of metals and nanoparticles. Finally, we proposed the key knowledge gaps and future research priorities in deciphering the fundamental biological processes of the interactions of environmental pollutants with the innate immune system of bivalves as well as in developing bivalve hemocytes into a promising cellular model for nano-immuno-safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyan Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shouliang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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de la Ballina NR, Maresca F, Cao A, Villalba A. Bivalve Haemocyte Subpopulations: A Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826255. [PMID: 35464425 PMCID: PMC9024128 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs stand out for their ecological success and their key role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems, while also constituting a very valuable commercial resource. Both ecological success and production of bivalves depend on their effective immune defence function, in which haemocytes play a central role acting as both the undertaker of the cellular immunity and supplier of the humoral immunity. Bivalves have different types of haemocytes, which perform different functions. Hence, identification of cell subpopulations and their functional characterisation in immune responses is essential to fully understand the immune system in bivalves. Nowadays, there is not a unified nomenclature that applies to all bivalves. Characterisation of bivalve haemocyte subpopulations is often combined with 1) other multiple parameter assays to determine differences between cell types in immune-related physiological activities, such as phagocytosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis; and 2) immune response to different stressors such as pathogens, temperature, acidification and pollution. This review summarises the major and most recent findings in classification and functional characterisation of the main haemocyte types of bivalve molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria R. de la Ballina
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Francesco Maresca
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório de Ciências do Mar, Universidade de Évora, Sines, Portugal
| | - Asunción Cao
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentziako Itsas Estazioa (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio Villalba,
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