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Cen X, Yu P, Song Y, Sun D, Liang M, Bíró I, Gu Y. Influence of medial longitudinal arch flexibility on lower limb joint coupling coordination and gait impulse. Gait Posture 2024; 114:208-214. [PMID: 39369652 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A causal link exists between structural differences in the foot and alterations in the lower limb biomechanics, which might predispose an individual to develop characteristic musculoskeletal disorders. RESEARCH QUESTION This study aimed to determine how the foot structural characteristics, as represented by the medial longitudinal arch flexibility, affect lower limb joint coupling coordination and anterior-posterior ground reaction impulses (GRIs) during walking and running. METHODS Following the calculation of arch height flexibility, a total of fifty-four physically active males were grouped and completed gait experiments to collect kinematic and kinetic data synchronously. Inter-joint coordination and variability were calculated from the angle-angle plots of knee-hip, ankle-knee, and metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-ankle couplings based on an optimized vector coding technique. RESULTS Our results indicate that coupling coordination of interest and its variability, as well as anterior-posterior GRIs, could potentially be influenced due to differences in arch height flexibility. Notably, the individuals with stiff arches exhibited significantly greater coordination variabilities during the early stance for both ankle-knee and MTP-ankle coordination yet significantly smaller for MTP-ankle coordination variabilities during the mid-stance phase. Furthermore, combining the statistical parametric mapping analysis results, the flexible arches experienced a greater proportion of GRIs in the anterior-posterior direction. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, these observations demonstrated that variations in arch flexibility led to differences in lower limb joint coordination variabilities and GRIs during gait. This fresh insight into inter-joint coordinative function may be useful for enhancing foot motion strategies based on arch structural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhen Cen
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peimin Yu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yang Song
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dong Sun
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - István Bíró
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China.
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Mei Q, Kim HK, Xiang L, Shim V, Wang A, Baker JS, Gu Y, Fernandez J. Toward improved understanding of foot shape, foot posture, and foot biomechanics during running: A narrative review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1062598. [PMID: 36569759 PMCID: PMC9773215 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1062598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The current narrative review has explored known associations between foot shape, foot posture, and foot conditions during running. The artificial intelligence was found to be a useful metric of foot posture but was less useful in developing and obese individuals. Care should be taken when using the foot posture index to associate pronation with injury risk, and the Achilles tendon and longitudinal arch angles are required to elucidate the risk. The statistical shape modeling (SSM) may derive learnt information from population-based inference and fill in missing data from personalized information. Bone shapes and tissue morphology have been associated with pathology, gender, age, and height and may develop rapid population-specific foot classifiers. Based on this review, future studies are suggested for 1) tracking the internal multi-segmental foot motion and mapping the biplanar 2D motion to 3D shape motion using the SSM; 2) implementing multivariate machine learning or convolutional neural network to address nonlinear correlations in foot mechanics with shape or posture; 3) standardizing wearable data for rapid prediction of instant mechanics, load accumulation, injury risks and adaptation in foot tissue and bones, and correlation with shapes; 4) analyzing dynamic shape and posture via marker-less and real-time techniques under real-life scenarios for precise evaluation of clinical foot conditions and performance-fit footwear development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichang Mei
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hyun Kyung Kim
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Liangliang Xiang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vickie Shim
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alan Wang
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Dataset of lower extremity joint angles, moments and forces in distance running. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Kobayashi T, Wong P, Hu M, Tashiro T, Morikawa M, Maeda N. The effects of the tension of figure-8 straps of a soft ankle orthosis on the ankle joint kinematics while walking in healthy young adults: A pilot study. Gait Posture 2022; 98:210-215. [PMID: 36179411 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Figure-8 straps are commonly used in ankle orthoses, which are provided to reduce the risks of primary and recurrent sprain by providing functional support. Functional treatment with ankle orthoses can provide better rehabilitation than immobilization for a mild ankle sprain. However, it is not known how much tension should be applied to the straps while donning the orthosis to optimize its effectiveness. RESEARCH QUESTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of figure-8 strap tension of a soft ankle orthosis on ankle joint kinematics in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes during gait in healthy young adults. METHODS Ten healthy adults (five males and five females) were enrolled in this study. The 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to evaluate the ankle kinematics of the participants during gait under five conditions: no soft ankle orthosis, soft ankle orthosis with no figure-8 straps tension (lace-up only), 50 N, 80 N, and 110 N tension of the figure-8 straps, respectively. All participants walked in a straight path at a comfortable speed. RESULTS Plantarflexion angles were significantly reduced with 110 N of tension in the figure-8 straps when compared to the lace-up only and a moderate correlation with r = 0.34 (p = 0.03) was observed between the tensions of figure-8 straps and maximum plantarflexion angles at pre-swing of a gait cycle. No significant effects on ankle joint angles were demonstrated in the coronal and transverse planes. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed that increasing the tension of the figure-8 straps could restrict the ankle joint plantarflexion angle during pre-swing in gait. However, it might not affect inversion/eversion or internal/external rotation angles of the ankle joint in individuals without ankle pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kobayashi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Puiyui Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingyu Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsubasa Tashiro
- Division of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Division of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Division of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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郑 文, 陆 芸. [Three-dimensional finite element analysis of Swanson prosthesis-arthroplasty of the first metatarsophalangeal joint combined with osteotomy and bone grafting of the first metatarsal bone for hallux valgus]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:1114-1118. [PMID: 36111474 PMCID: PMC9626298 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202204126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the biomechanical changes of hallux valus after Swanson prosthesis-arthroplasty of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint combined with osteotomy and bone grafting of the 1st metatarsal bone by three-dimensional finite element analysis, so as to provide data basis for studying the changes of foot morphology and physiological function after hallux valus correction surgery. Methods A 65-year-old female patient with severe hallux valus admitted in January 2013 was selected as the research object. The CT data of the right foot was obtained, and the three-dimensional finite element models before and after Swanson prosthesis-arthroplasty of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint combined with osteotomy and bone grafting of the 1st metatarsal bone were established by Mimics10.01, Geomagic Studio, and ANSYS12.0 software. ANSYS 12.0 software was used for nonlinear static stress analysis, and the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and the von Mises stress distributions of the forefoot plantar surface and the 1st to 5th metatarsal bones were observed before and after operation. Results The HVA and IMA were 56.3° and 16.3° before operation and 9.2° and 9.8° after operation, respectively. Before operation, the stress on the forefoot was the largest in the 4th metatarsal head zone and the smallest in the 1st metatarsal head zone; the stress on the medial side of the forefoot was significantly smaller than that on the lateral side, and the center of forefoot pressure was located on the lateral side. After operation, the stress on the forefoot was the largest in the 1st metatarsal head zone and the smallest in the 5th metatarsal head zone; the stress on the lateral side of the forefoot was significantly smaller than that on the medial side, and the center of forefoot pressure was located on the medial side. Before operation, the stress of the 5th metatarsal bone was the largest, and the 1st metatarsal bone was the smallest. After operation, the stress of the 1st metatarsal bone was the largest, and the 4th metatarsal bone was the smallest. Conclusion Swanson prosthesis-arthroplasty of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint combined with osteotomy and bone grafting of the 1st metatarsal bone can effectively correct hallux valgus and make HVA, IMA, and plantar pressure distribution close to normal. However, postoperative stresses of the 1st to 5th metatarsal bones elevate, which may lead to associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- 文源 郑
- 玉林市第一人民医院骨科(广西玉林 537000)Department of Orthopaedics, Yulin First People’s Hospital, Yulin Guangxi, 537000, P. R. China
| | - 芸 陆
- 玉林市第一人民医院骨科(广西玉林 537000)Department of Orthopaedics, Yulin First People’s Hospital, Yulin Guangxi, 537000, P. R. China
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Xiang L, Gu Y, Mei Q, Wang A, Shim V, Fernandez J. Automatic Classification of Barefoot and Shod Populations Based on the Foot Metrics and Plantar Pressure Patterns. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:843204. [PMID: 35402419 PMCID: PMC8984198 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.843204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human being’s locomotion under the barefoot condition enables normal foot function and lower limb biomechanical performance from a biological evolution perspective. No study has demonstrated the specific differences between habitually barefoot and shod cohorts based on foot morphology and dynamic plantar pressure during walking and running. The present study aimed to assess and classify foot metrics and dynamic plantar pressure patterns of barefoot and shod people via machine learning algorithms. One hundred and forty-six age-matched barefoot (n = 78) and shod (n = 68) participants were recruited for this study. Gaussian Naïve Bayes were selected to identify foot morphology differences between unshod and shod cohorts. The support vector machine (SVM) classifiers based on the principal component analysis (PCA) feature extraction and recursive feature elimination (RFE) feature selection methods were utilized to separate and classify the barefoot and shod populations via walking and running plantar pressure parameters. Peak pressure in the M1-M5 regions during running was significantly higher for the shod participants, increasing 34.8, 37.3, 29.2, 31.7, and 40.1%, respectively. The test accuracy of the Gaussian Naïve Bayes model achieved an accuracy of 93%. The mean 10-fold cross-validation scores were 0.98 and 0.96 for the RFE- and PCA-based SVM models, and both feature extract-based and feature select-based SVM models achieved an accuracy of 95%. The foot shape, especially the forefoot region, was shown to be a valuable classifier of shod and unshod groups. Dynamic pressure patterns during running contribute most to the identification of the two cohorts, especially the forefoot region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xiang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Yaodong Gu,
| | - Qichang Mei
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alan Wang
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vickie Shim
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Yu L, Yu P, Liu W, Gao Z, Sun D, Mei Q, Fernandez J, Gu Y. Understanding Foot Loading and Balance Behavior of Children with Motor Sensory Processing Disorder. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030379. [PMID: 35327751 PMCID: PMC8947083 DOI: 10.3390/children9030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Sensory processing disorder (SPD) could influence the neuromuscular response and adjustment to external sensory discrimination and lead to disruptions in daily locomotion. The objective of the current study was to compare plantar loadings and foot balance during walking, running and turning activities in SPD children in order to reveal the behavioral strategy of movement and balance control. Six SPD children and six age-match healthy controls participated in the test using a FootScan plantar pressure plate. The time-varying parameters of forces, center of pressure and foot balance index were analyzed using an open-source one-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM1d) package. No difference was found in foot balance and plantar loadings during walking, while limited supination–pronation motion was observed in the SPD children during running and turning. The plantar forces were mainly located in the midfoot region while less toe activity was found as well. Findings should be noted that SPD children had limited supination–pronation movement for shock attenuation in the foot complex and reduced ankle pronation to assist push-off and toe gripping movements. Understanding the behavior of plantar loading strategy and balance control during walking, running and turning activities may provide clinical implications for the rehabilitation and training of daily tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Coaching, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim 35910, Malaysia
| | - Peimin Yu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wei Liu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Zixiang Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Public Service and Management, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo 315199, China
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Qichang Mei
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.G.)
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (L.Y.); (P.Y.); (W.L.); (Z.G.); (J.F.)
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.G.)
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Li J, Song Y, Xuan R, Sun D, Teo EC, Bíró I, Gu Y. Effect of Long-Distance Running on Inter-segment Foot Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces: A Preliminary Study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:833774. [PMID: 35309978 PMCID: PMC8931215 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.833774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-distance running has gained massive popularity in recent years, yet the intra-foot adaptations during this event remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the kinematic and ground reaction force alterations induced within the foot following a 5 and 10 km run using the Oxford Foot Model Ten marathon-experienced recreational runners participated in this study. Five-kilometer running led to more rearfoot dorsiflexion, rearfoot eversion, and rearfoot rotation while less forefoot plantarflexion during the stance phase. Increased rearfoot plantarflexion, while decreased forefoot plantarflexion, supination, adduction, and hallux plantarflexion were observed at 10 km. In addition, the forefoot space of footwear was found to play a role in hallux kinematics. Concerning GRFs, only a lesser propulsive force was presented after a 10 km run. Findings of this study showed that 5 km of running would induce excessive foot motion while 10 km of running may gradually change the foot posture and lead to reduced propulsive forces, which could potentially increase the risks of running-related injuries (RRI) due to overuse or fatigue. Nevertheless, further research is warranted, and this study could be used as a preliminary reference to evaluate and predict foot running-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Song
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rongrong Xuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Rongrong Xuan, ; Ee-Chon Teo, ; Yaodong Gu,
| | - Dong Sun
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ee-Chon Teo
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Rongrong Xuan, ; Ee-Chon Teo, ; Yaodong Gu,
| | - István Bíró
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Rongrong Xuan, ; Ee-Chon Teo, ; Yaodong Gu,
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Xiang L, Mei Q, Wang A, Shim V, Fernandez J, Gu Y. Evaluating function in the hallux valgus foot following a 12-week minimalist footwear intervention: A pilot computational analysis. J Biomech 2022; 132:110941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.110941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cen X, Gao L, Yang M, Liang M, Bíró I, Gu Y. Arch-Support Induced Changes in Foot-Ankle Coordination in Young Males with Flatfoot during Unplanned Gait Termination. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10235539. [PMID: 34884238 PMCID: PMC8658682 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The efficacy of arch orthoses in posture adjustment and joint coordination improvement during steady-state gait is well documented; however, the biomechanical changes of gait sub-tasks caused by arch support (AS), especially during gait termination, are poorly understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate how the acute arch-supporting intervention affects foot–ankle coordination and coordination variability (CV) in individuals with flatfoot during unplanned gait termination (UGT). Methods: Twenty-five male patients with flatfoot were selected as subjects participated in this AS manipulation study. A motion capture system was used for the collection of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) and ankle kinematics during UGT. MPJ-Ankle coordination and CV were quantified using an optimized vector coding technique during the three sub-phases of UGT. A paired-sample t-test from the one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping of one-dimensional was applied to examine the data significance. Results: Significant differences for the joint kinematics between non-arch-support (NAS) and AS were exhibited only in the MPJ transverse plane during the middle and later periods of UGT (p = 0.04–0.026). Frontal plane MPJ-ankle coordination under AS during stimulus delay significantly decreased from 177.16 ± 27.41° to 157.75 ± 32.54° compared with under NAS (p = 0.026); however, the coordination pattern had not changed. Moreover, no significant difference was found in the coupling angle variability between NAS and AS in three planes during sub-phases of UGT (all p > 0.5). Conclusions: The detailed intrinsic characteristic of AS induced acute changes in lower extremity segment coordination in patients with mild flatfoot has been recorded. This dataset on foot-ankle coordination characteristics during UGT is essential for explaining foot function and injury prediction concerning AS manipulation. Further studies are expected to reflect lower limb inter-joint coordination during gait termination through the long-term effects of AS orthoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhen Cen
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.C.); (L.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.)
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Obuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lidong Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.C.); (L.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.)
| | - Meimei Yang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.C.); (L.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.)
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.C.); (L.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.)
| | - István Bíró
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +36-62-54-6003 (I.B.); +86-574-8760-0456 (Y.G.)
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (X.C.); (L.G.); (M.Y.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +36-62-54-6003 (I.B.); +86-574-8760-0456 (Y.G.)
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Schelhaas R, Hajibozorgi M, Hortobágyi T, Hijmans JM, Greve C. Conservative interventions to improve foot progression angle and clinical measures in orthopedic and neurological patients - A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Biomech 2021; 130:110831. [PMID: 34741811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To establish the comparative effects of conservative interventions on modifying foot progression angle (FPA) in children and adults with orthopaedic and neurological disease was the main aim of the literature review. Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies evaluating the effects of conservative interventions on correcting the FPA. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020143512). Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and quality. Studies that assessed conservative interventions that could have affected the FPA and objectively measured the FPA were included. Within group Mean Differences (MD) and Standardized Mean Differences (SMDs) of the interventions were calculated for the change in FPA and gait performance (walking speed, stride/step length) and clinical condition (pain). Intervention effects on FPA were synthesized via meta-analysis or qualitatively. 41 studies were identified. For patients with knee osteoarthritis gait training interventions (MD = 6.69° and MD = 16.06°) were significantly more effective than mechanical interventions (MD = 0.44°) in modifying the FPA towards in-toeing (p < 0.00001). Increasing or decreasing the FPA significantly improved pain in patients with medial knee OA. Results were inconclusive for the effectiveness of gait training and mechanical devices in patients with neurological diseases. Gait feedback training is more effective than external devices to produce lasting improvements in FPA, reduce pain, and maintain gait performance in patients with medial knee OA. However, in neurological patients, the effects of external devices on improvements in FPA depends on the interaction between patient-specific impairments and the technical properties of the external device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reslin Schelhaas
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mahdieh Hajibozorgi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Juha M Hijmans
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Greve
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Feng Y, Shen S, Song Y. Ultrasound Comparison of the Abductor Hallucis Muscle Between Normal and Hallux Valgus Feet After Long-Distance Running: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND HEALTH INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2021.3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Previous research has indicated that the structure and function of abductor hallucis muscle (AbdH) would be adversely affected by hallux valgus (HV). However, the influence of long-distance running on AbdH in HV feet has not been explored. Therefore, this pilot study
aimed to compare the imaging differences of AbdH between normal and HV feet after long-distance running. Methods: A total of 14 male adults were divided into two groups (Normal Foot Group (NFG), Hallux Valgus Group (HVG)) based on their foot morphology. A B-mode ultrasonic scanner was
utilized for measuring AbdH thickness, cross-sectional area, and pennation angle before and after 5-km running test. Perceived soreness was monitored simultaneously using the visual analogue scale. Results: AbdH showed significantly differences between groups before and after the running
test. Compared with NFG, HVG exhibited smaller value before the test while greater changes in all parameters although pennation angle failed to reach the significant level. Conclusions: These results further confirmed that HV could lead to the morphological alterations of AbdH. Also,
AbdH of people with HV would endure more fatigue and soreness when performed the same long-distance running test with normal counterparts. Nevertheless, more studies are much needed for further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Feng
- Department of Physical Education, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Siqin Shen
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, 8200, Hungary
| | - Yang Song
- Doctoral School of Safety and Security Sciences, Obuda University, Budapest, 1034, Hungary
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Lorkowski J, Gawronska K. Pedobarography in Physiotherapy: A Narrative Review on Current Knowledge. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1375:13-22. [PMID: 33914289 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Pedobarography is a modern technology enabling the assessment of the locomotor system based on the plantar pressure distribution. The technic is useful in the rehabilitation of various types of dysfunction of body movement. This chapter aims to describe the application of pedobarography in clinical therapy. The qualitative analysis is based on a review of articles in English, French, German, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Turkish, and Chinese in Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PEDro databases. The search covered the articles on clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and reviews published over 1984-2020. The literature shows that pedobarography is a safe non-invasive method that is useful for the examination of foot biomechanics with a reference to the entire musculoskeletal system. A pedobarographic examination enables insight into a motion disorder, its plausible relation to a systemic pathology, and monitoring the course of treatment and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Lorkowski
- Clinical Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Sports of the Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Mazovia, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Gawronska
- Rehabilitation Centre of the Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
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Yu P, Liang M, Fekete G, Baker JS, Gu Y. Effect of running-induced fatigue on lower limb mechanics in novice runners. Technol Health Care 2020; 29:231-242. [PMID: 32568135 DOI: 10.3233/thc-202195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Running-induced fatigue has received much attention in recent years. However, very few studies have investigated the effect of fatigue on lower limb biomechanics in three planes. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate biomechanical changes in the lower limb in three planes following running-induced fatigue. METHODS Fifteen male novice runners were included in the study and performed three running trails pre- and post-fatigue. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests or paired-sample t tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Lower limb biomechanics significantly changed, especially kinetic parameters, when fatigue occurred. The peak ankle dorsiflexion angle and range of motion of the knee joint in the frontal plane increased. As for kinetic parameters, in the ankle joint, the peak external rotation moment, peak abduction power and peak internal rotation power increased. In the knee joint, the peak abduction and external rotation moment, peak flexion power, peak adduction and abduction power also increased. In the hip joint, the peak flexion moment was decreased, peak adduction and abduction moment, peak external rotation power, peak adduction and abduction power moment were increased. CONCLUSION The findings of this study may contribute to our understanding of the impact of fatigue and provide some helpful information to prevent related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peimin Yu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Gusztáv Fekete
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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The Acute Influence of Running-Induced Fatigue on the Performance and Biomechanics of a Countermovement Jump. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10124319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lower limb kinematics and kinetics during the landing phase of jumping might change because of localized muscle fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the acute influence of running-induced fatigue on the performance and lower limb kinematics and kinetics of a countermovement jump. A running-induced fatigue protocol was applied to fifteen male subjects. Participants were asked to perform three successful countermovement jumps before and after fatigue. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected to compare any fatigue influences. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the data. Running-induced fatigue did not significantly change vertical jump height and peak vertical ground reaction forces (GRF) during the push-off and landing phases. Lower limb biomechanics significantly changed, especially kinematic parameters. During the push-off phase, fatigue resulted in an increased ankle peak inversion angle, knee minimal flexion angle, knee peak abduction angle, and hip peak flexion moment. In addition, the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle and knee joints in the frontal plane was also increased. Certain parameters decreased as a result of fatigue, such as the ankle peak internal rotation angle, hip peak abduction angle, the ROM of the ankle joint in the sagittal plane, and ROM of the hip joint in the frontal plane. During the landing phase, the peak inversion angle and peak external rotation angle of the ankle joint, peak abduction angle of the knee and hip joint, ROM of the ankle joint in the horizontal plane, ROM of the ankle and knee joint in the frontal plane were all increased as a result of fatigue. The knee peak flexion moment and hip peak extension moment, however, were decreased. Under fatigue conditions, lower limb kinetics and kinematics were changed during both the push-off and landing phases. More attention should be focused on the landing phase and the last period of the push-off phase due to potentially higher risks of injury. The findings of the current study may be beneficial to athletes and coaches in preventing jumping related injuries.
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Multi-Segmental Motion in Foot during Counter-Movement Jump with Toe Manipulation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10051893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human toes are crucial for vertical jumping performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the acute effect of hallux abduction manipulation on foot inter-segment kinematic alterations and plantar loading redistribution during the countermovement jump (CMJ). Thirteen participants were recruited to join in this experiment, for the collection of the foot inter-segment kinematics and plantar pressure data. During the take-off phase, the contact area presented a significant increase while the pressure-time integral decreased in the second metatarsal (M2), whilst the third metatarsal (M3) and fourth metatarsal (M4) decreased significantly in pressure-time integral with Toe-Manipulation (TM). During the landing phase, maximum force and peak pressure were smaller in the big toe (BT) after hallux abduction manipulation. HXFFA (hallux-forefoot angle) showed a greater pronation after manipulation in the frontal plane (0%–26% and 50%–100%) with p = 0.002 and p < 0.001. In the transverse plane, the smaller adductions were found during 62%–82% in take-off and 62%–91% in landing (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001). There was a redistributed plantar loading during the landing phase from the medial to lateral forefoot. However, a reduced hallux range of motion in the TM session was exhibited, compared to Non-Toe-Manipulation (NTM).
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