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Collins NJ, Salomoni SE, Elgueta Cancino EL, Tucker K, Hodges PW. Development of a novel technique to insert intramuscular electromyography electrodes into the deep intrinsic foot muscles via the dorsum of the foot. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2024; 78:102914. [PMID: 38945047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an insertion technique for intramuscular EMG recording of the oblique head of adductor hallucis (AddH) and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles in humans via the dorsum of the foot, and report feasibility of intramuscular EMG data acquisition during walking in shoes. In eight individuals without musculoskeletal pain or injury (5 males; 32 ± 8 years), intramuscular electrodes were inserted into AddH (oblique head) and FDI through the right foot's dorsum (between metatarsals I-II) with ultrasound guidance. The ultrasound transducer was positioned on the plantar surface. Intramuscular EMG was also recorded from abductor hallucis, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and peroneus longus. Participants performed six overground walking trials wearing modified shoes, and rated pain associated with the intramuscular electrodes during walking (numerical rating scale, 0-10). High-quality EMG recordings were obtained from intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles. Analyses of power spectral densities indicated that movement artefacts commonly observed during gait were removed by filtering. Pain associated with AddH/FDI electrodes during walking was low (median[IQR] 1[2]; range 0-4) and similar to other sites. Findings demonstrate that intramuscular EMG recording from AddH (oblique head) and FDI using this insertion technique is feasible and associated with minimal pain when walking in shoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Collins
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Sauro E Salomoni
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Edith L Elgueta Cancino
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Universidad Andrés Bello, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Kylie Tucker
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Paul W Hodges
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Robb KA, Perry SD. Capitalizing on skin in orthotics design: the effects of texture on plantar intrinsic foot muscles during locomotion. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:403-416. [PMID: 38135819 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Foot orthoses (FO) are a commonly prescribed intervention to alter foot function during walking although their effects have been primarily studied in the extrinsic muscles of the foot. Furthermore, enhancing sensory feedback under the foot sole has been recently shown to alter extrinsic muscle activity during gait; however, the effects of FOs with enhanced sensory feedback on plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs) remain unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of FOs with and without sensory facilitation on PIFM activity during locomotion. Forty healthy adults completed a series of gait trials in non-textured and textured FOs when walking over hard and soft flooring. Outcome measures included bilateral joint kinematics and electromyography (EMG) of four PIFMs. Results of this study highlight the distinct onset and cessations of each PIFM throughout the stance phase of gait. PIFMs remained active during mid-stance when wearing FOs and textured FOs facilitated muscle activity across the stance phase of gait. Increasing cutaneous input from foot sole skin, via the addition of texture under the foot sole, appears to alter motor-neuron pool excitation of PIFMs. Future academics are encouraged to increase our understanding on which pathologies, diseases, and/or medical conditions would best benefit from textured FOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Robb
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Stephen D Perry
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
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Kusagawa Y, Kurihara T, Maeo S, Sugiyama T, Kanehisa H, Isaka T. A classification of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles based on the physiological cross-sectional area and muscle fiber length in healthy young adult males. J Foot Ankle Res 2023; 16:75. [PMID: 37950300 PMCID: PMC10638735 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-023-00676-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs) are composed of 10 muscles and play an essential role in achieving functional diversity in the foot. Previous studies have identified that the morphological profiles of PIFMs vary between individuals. The morphological profiles of a muscle theoretically reflect its output potentials: the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of a muscle is proportional to its maximum force generation, and the muscle fiber length (FL) is its shortening velocity. This implies that the PCSA and FL may be useful variables for characterizing the functional diversity of the individual PIFM. The purpose of this study was to examine how individual PIFMs can be classified based on their PCSA and FL. METHODS In 26 healthy young adult males, the muscle volume and muscle length of seven PIFMs (abductor hallucis, ABDH; abductor digiti minimi, ABDM; adductor hallucis oblique head, ADDH-OH; ADDH transverse head, ADDH-TH; flexor digitorum brevis, FDB; flexor hallucis brevis, FHB; quadratus plantae, QP) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The PCSA and FL of each of the seven PIFMs were then estimated by combining the data measured from the participants and those of muscle architectural parameters documented from cadavers in previous studies. A total of 182 data samples (26 participants × 7 muscles) were classified into clusters using k-means cluster analysis. The optimal number of clusters was evaluated using the elbow method. RESULTS The data samples of PIFMs were assigned to four clusters with different morphological profiles: ADDH-OH and FHB, characterised by large PCSA and short FL (high force generation and slow shortening velocity potentials); ABDM and FDB, moderate PCSA and moderate FL (moderate force generation and moderate shortening velocity potentials); QP, moderate PCSA and long FL (moderate force generation and rapid shortening velocity potentials); ADDH-TH, small PCSA and moderate FL (low force generation and moderate shortening velocity potentials). ABDH components were assigned equivalently to the first and second clusters. CONCLUSIONS The approach adopted in this study may provide a novel perspective for interpreting the PIFMs' function based on their maximal force generation and shortening velocity potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kusagawa
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kurihara
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sumiaki Maeo
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugiyama
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanehisa
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tadao Isaka
- Institute of Advanced Research for Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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Kurumadani H, Ueda A, Date S, Ishii Y, Goto N, Nakashima Y, Sunagawa T. Measurement of the lumbrical muscle activity of the hand using electromyography supported by the ultrasound imaging technique with string navigation. J Biomech 2023; 158:111748. [PMID: 37633216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Although placing surface electrodes on small muscles by palpation is difficult, ultrasound guidance may enable electrode placement on the small muscles. This study aimed to examine whether ultrasound guidance is helpful for placement of electrodes on a small muscle, such as the hand lumbrical muscle. Twelve dominant hands of 12 healthy right-handed adults were included in this study. The first lumbrical muscle belly of the hands was identified using ultrasound guidance with a string navigation technique for placing surface electrodes. This technique was designed to identify the location of the center of the muscle belly under ultrasound imaging using a string. After the electrodes were placed on the muscle belly using this technique, the surface electromyographic signals of the first lumbrical, first dorsal interosseous, and adductor pollicis muscles were recorded. The activity of the lumbrical muscle could be separately measured of the first dorsal interosseous and adductor pollicis muscles. This technique has the potential to enable surface electromyography of small muscles for which placement of surface electrodes by palpation is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kurumadani
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Analysis & Control of Upper Extremity Function, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Akio Ueda
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Analysis & Control of Upper Extremity Function, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shota Date
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Analysis & Control of Upper Extremity Function, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ishii
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Biomechanics, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Naoya Goto
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Analysis & Control of Upper Extremity Function, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Hiroshima University Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakashima
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Medicine, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Toru Sunagawa
- Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Analysis & Control of Upper Extremity Function, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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