1
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Jin ES, Wen X, Malloy CR. Isotopomer analyses with the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and exchanging metabolites from the rat kidney. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4994. [PMID: 37392148 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Renal metabolism is essential for kidney functions and energy homeostasis in the body. The TCA cycle is the hub of metabolism, but the metabolic activities of the cycle in the kidney have rarely been investigated. This study is to assess metabolic processes at the level of the TCA cycle in the kidney based on isotopomer distributions in multiple metabolites. Isolated rat kidneys were perfused with media containing common substrates including lactate and alanine for an hour. One group of kidneys received [U-13 C3 ]lactate instead of natural abundance lactate while the other group received [U-13 C3 ]alanine instead of natural abundance alanine. Perfused kidneys and effluent were prepared for analysis using NMR spectroscopy. 13 C-labeling patterns in glutamate, fumarate, aspartate and succinate from the kidney extracts showed that pyruvate carboxylase and oxidative metabolism through the TCA cycle were comparably very active, but pyruvate cycling and pyruvate dehydrogenase were relatively less active. Isotopomer analyses with fumarate and malate from effluent, however, indicated that pyruvate carboxylase was much more active than the TCA cycle and other metabolic processes. The reverse equilibrium of oxaloacetate with four-carbon intermediates of the cycle was nearly complete (92%), based on the ratio of [2,3,4-13 C3 ]/[1,2,3-13 C3 ] in aspartate or malate. 13 C enrichment in glucose with 13 C-lactate supply was higher than that with 13 C-alanine. Isotopomer analyses with multiple metabolites (i.e., glutamate, fumarate, aspartate, succinate and malate) allowed us to assess relative metabolic processes in the TCA cycle in the kidney supplied with [U-13 C3 ]lactate. Data from the analytes were generally consistent, indicating highly active pyruvate carboxylase and oxidative metabolism through the TCA cycle. Different 13 C-labeling patterns in analytes from the kidney extracts versus effluent suggested metabolic compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsook S Jin
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas, USA
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2
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Kamihara J, Horton C, Tian Y, Zhou J, Richardson M, LaDuca H, Rana HQ. Different Fumarate Hydratase Gene Variants Are Associated With Distinct Cancer Phenotypes. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 5:1568-1578. [PMID: 34994643 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether individuals with monoallelic FH pathogenic variants (PVs) associated with autosomal recessive fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency are also at risk of autosomal dominant FH-associated tumors is of paramount clinical importance. METHODS A retrospective study of individuals with a PV in the FH gene identified via multigene panel testing from 2012 to 2019 through a single testing laboratory was performed. Cancer histories of individuals with PVs in FH (FH PV) were compared to those with PVs associated only with autosomal recessive FH deficiency (FH-d PV) and to FH-negative controls. Cancer histories of individuals with truncating versus nontruncating FH PV were also compared. RESULTS Individuals with FH PV were more likely to have kidney cancer than those with FH-d PV (odds ratio, 9.0; 95% CI, 4.4 to 20.0; P < .001) or FH-negative controls (odds ratio, 7.6; 95% CI, 5.2 to 11.2; P value < .001). The FH PV cohort had kidney cancer at a significantly younger age (median age: 35.0 years; interquartile range, 26.0-45.0 years) than the FH-d PV cohort (median age: 44.5 years; interquartile range, 43.5-53.5 years; P = .011). Within the FH PV cohort, there were no differences in the frequency or age at kidney cancer between those with truncating versus nontruncating PV. CONCLUSION Unlike FH PV, FH-d PV are not associated with kidney cancers at early ages of onset. The FH-d PV cohort had a cancer phenotype that resembled FH-negative controls. These data may inform genetic counseling and risk assessment of individuals with FH-d PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junne Kamihara
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA.,Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huma Q Rana
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
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3
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Lu E, Hatchell KE, Nielsen SM, Esplin ED, Ouyang K, Nykamp K, Zavoshi S, Li S, Zhang L, Wilde BR, Christofk HR, Boutros PC, Shuch B. Fumarate hydratase variant prevalence and manifestations among individuals receiving germline testing. Cancer 2021; 128:675-684. [PMID: 34724198 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline variants in fumarate hydratase (FH) are associated with autosomal dominant (AD) hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and autosomal recessive (AR) fumarase deficiency (FMRD). The prevalence and cancer penetrance across different FH variants remain unclear. METHODS A database containing 120,061 records from individuals undergoing cancer germline testing was obtained. FH variants were classified into 3 categories: AD HLRCC variants, AR FMRD variants, and variants of unknown significance (VUSs). Individuals with variants from these categories were compared with those with negative genetic testing. RESULTS FH variants were detected in 1.3% of individuals (AD HLRCC, 0.3%; AR FMRD, 0.4%; VUS, 0.6%). The rate of AD HLRCC variants discovered among reportedly asymptomatic individuals without a clear indication for HLRCC testing was 1 in 2668 (0.04%). In comparison with those with negative genetic testing, the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) prevalence was elevated with AD HLRCC variants (17.0% vs 4.5%; P < .01) and VUSs (6.4% vs 4.5%; P = .02) but not with AR FMRD variants. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HLRCC discovered incidentally on germline testing is similar to recent population carrier estimates, and this suggests that this is a relatively common cancer syndrome. Compared with those with negative genetic testing, those with VUSs had an elevated risk of RCC, whereas those with AR FMRD variants did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shirin Zavoshi
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shantao Li
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Blake R Wilde
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Heather R Christofk
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brian Shuch
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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4
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Peetsold M, Goorden S, Breuning M, Williams M, Bakker J, Jacobs E, Hussaarts-Odijk L, Peeters C. Fumarase Deficiency: A Case With a New Pathogenic Mutation and a Review of the Literature. J Child Neurol 2021; 36:310-323. [PMID: 33052056 DOI: 10.1177/0883073820962931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fumarase deficiency (FD) is a rare and severe autosomal disorder, caused by inactivity of the enzyme fumarase, due to biallelic mutations of the fumarase hydratase (FH) gene. Several pathogenic mutations have been published. The article describes an infant with failure to thrive, microcephaly, axial hypotonia, and developmental retardation with increased excretion of fumarate, no activity of fumarase and a homozygous mutation of the FH gene, which was until recently only known as a variant of unknown significance. Carriers of pathogenic mutations in the FH gene are at risk for developing renal cell carcinoma and should therefore be screened. Both parents were healthy carriers of the mutation and had decreased levels of enzyme activity. In addition, the article presents an overview and analysis of all cases of FD reported thus far in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Peetsold
- Department of Pediatrics, 72471Alrijne Medical Center, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Goorden
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Disease, 26066Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Breuning
- Department of Clinical Genetics, 4501Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Monique Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, 4501Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, 6984Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ed Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 4501Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lydia Hussaarts-Odijk
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Center of Lysosomal and Metabolic disorders, 6984Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cacha Peeters
- Department of Neurology, 4501Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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5
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Hartman TR, Demidova EV, Lesh RW, Hoang L, Richardson M, Forman A, Kessler L, Speare V, Golemis EA, Hall MJ, Daly MB, Arora S. Prevalence of pathogenic variants in DNA damage response and repair genes in patients undergoing cancer risk assessment and reporting a personal history of early-onset renal cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13518. [PMID: 32782288 PMCID: PMC7419503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants (PVs) in multiple genes are known to increase the risk of early-onset renal cancer (eoRC). However, many eoRC patients lack PVs in RC-specific genes; thus, their genetic risk remains undefined. Here, we determine if PVs in DNA damage response and repair (DDRR) genes are enriched in eoRC patients undergoing cancer risk assessment. Retrospective review of de-identified results from 844 eoRC patients, undergoing testing with a multi-gene panel, for a variety of indications, by Ambry Genetics. PVs in cancer-risk genes were identified in 12.8% of patients—with 3.7% in RC-specific, and 8.55% in DDRR genes. DDRR gene PVs were most commonly identified in CHEK2, BRCA1, BRCA2, and ATM. Among the 2.1% of patients with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 PV, < 50% reported a personal history of hereditary breast or ovarian-associated cancer. No association between age of RC diagnosis and prevalence of PVs in RC-specific or DDRR genes was observed. Additionally, 57.9% patients reported at least one additional cancer; breast cancer being the most common (40.1% of females, 2.5% of males). Multi-gene testing including DDRR genes may provide a more comprehensive risk assessment in eoRC patients. Further validation is needed to characterize the association with eoRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffiney R Hartman
- Arcadia University, Glenside, PA, USA.,Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elena V Demidova
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Kazan Federal University, 420000, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Randy W Lesh
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Lily Hoang
- Ambry Genetics, Konica Minolta, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | | | - Andrea Forman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Erica A Golemis
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Hall
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary B Daly
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sanjeevani Arora
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA.
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6
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McGuire PJ. Chemical individuality in T cells: A Garrodian view of immunometabolism. Immunol Rev 2020; 295:82-100. [PMID: 32236968 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolically quiescent T cells circulate throughout the body in search of antigen. Following engagement of their cognate receptors, T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support their activation, differentiation, and ultimately function. In the spirit of Sir Archibald Garrod, this metabolic reprogramming actually imparts a chemical individuality which confers advantage, while in others confers vulnerability, depending upon the milieu. Studying T cell immunometabolism in the context of inborn errors of metabolism allows one to define essential pathways of intermediary metabolism as well metabolic vulnerabilities and plasticity. Inborn errors of metabolism, a class of diseases first named by Garrod, have a long history of being informative for common physiologic and pathologic processes. This endeavor may be accomplished through the study of patients, animal models, and in vitro models of inborn errors of metabolism. In this review, the basics of intermediary metabolism and core metabolic pathways will be discussed, along with their relationship to T cell immunometabolism. Due to their pleiotropic nature, the reader will be specifically directed toward various inborn errors of metabolism which may be helpful for answering important questions about the role of metabolism in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J McGuire
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Zhang L, Walsh MF, Jairam S, Mandelker D, Zhong Y, Kemel Y, Chen YB, Musheyev D, Zehir A, Jayakumaran G, Brzostowski E, Birsoy O, Yang C, Li Y, Somar J, DeLair D, Pradhan N, Berger MF, Cadoo K, Carlo MI, Robson ME, Stadler ZK, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Joseph V, Offit K. Fumarate hydratase FH c.1431_1433dupAAA (p.Lys477dup) variant is not associated with cancer including renal cell carcinoma. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:103-109. [PMID: 31444830 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fumarate hydratase (FH) mutations underpin the autosomal recessive syndrome. FH deficiency and the autosomal dominant syndrome hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC). The FH c.1431_1433dupAAA (p.Lys477dup) genomic alteration has been conclusively shown to contribute to FH deficiency when occurring with another FH germline alteration. However, a sufficiently large dataset has been lacking to conclusively determine its clinical significance to cancer predisposition in the heterozygous state. We reviewed a series of 7,571 patients with cancer who received germline results through MSK-IMPACT testing at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. The FH c.1431_1433dupAAA (p.Lys477dup) variant was detected in 24 individuals, none of whom was affected with renal cancer. Eleven of the 372 patients with renal cancer were identified to carried pathogenic FH variants associated with HLRCC. None of these 372 patients with renal cancer carried the FH c.1431_1433dupAAA variant. Our data indicate the FH c.1431_1433dupAAA is not associated with cancer including renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Michael F Walsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Sowmya Jairam
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Diana Mandelker
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Yelena Kemel
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | | | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Gowtham Jayakumaran
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Edyta Brzostowski
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Ozge Birsoy
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Ciyu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Yirong Li
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Joshua Somar
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Deborah DeLair
- Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York City, New York
| | - Nisha Pradhan
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael F Berger
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Karen Cadoo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Maria I Carlo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Mark E Robson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
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8
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Dando I, Pozza ED, Ambrosini G, Torrens-Mas M, Butera G, Mullappilly N, Pacchiana R, Palmieri M, Donadelli M. Oncometabolites in cancer aggressiveness and tumour repopulation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:1530-1546. [PMID: 30972955 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumour repopulation is recognized as a crucial event in tumour relapse where therapy-sensitive dying cancer cells influence the tumour microenvironment to sustain therapy-resistant cancer cell growth. Recent studies highlight the role of the oncometabolites succinate, fumarate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate in the aggressiveness of cancer cells and in the worsening of the patient's clinical outcome. These oncometabolites can be produced and secreted by cancer and/or surrounding cells, modifying the tumour microenvironment and sustaining an invasive neoplastic phenotype. In this review, we report recent findings concerning the role in cancer development of succinate, fumarate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate and the regulation of their related enzymes succinate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase. We propose that oncometabolites are crucially involved in tumour repopulation. The study of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between oncometabolites and tumour repopulation is fundamental for identifying efficient anti-cancer therapeutic strategies and novel serum biomarkers in order to overcome cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dando
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Ambrosini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, edificio S, Palma de Mallorca, E-07120, Spain
| | - Giovanna Butera
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Nidula Mullappilly
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pacchiana
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
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9
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Pahl L, Beier R, von Neuhoff N, Auber B, Höfs M, Prott EC, Schlegelberger B, Reinhardt D, Steinemann D. Two cancer-predisposing variants in one family: Incidental finding of a fumarate hydrogenase (FH) germline variant in a family with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27254. [PMID: 29893455 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pahl
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rita Beier
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department for Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nils von Neuhoff
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department for Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Auber
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michaela Höfs
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department for Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Dirk Reinhardt
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department for Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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10
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Abadie JM, Stohr BA. Next-Generation Sequencing Assay Raises New Questions in a Case of Metastatic Prostate Cancer. J Appl Lab Med 2018; 2:960-964. [PMID: 33636819 DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2017.025213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jude M Abadie
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bradley A Stohr
- Department of Pathology, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
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11
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Ryder B, Moore F, Mitchell A, Thompson S, Christodoulou J, Balasubramaniam S. Fumarase Deficiency: A Safe and Potentially Disease Modifying Effect of High Fat/Low Carbohydrate Diet. JIMD Rep 2017; 40:77-83. [PMID: 29052812 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2017_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumarate hydratase deficiency (FHD) caused by biallelic alterations of the FH (fumarate hydratase) gene is a rare disorder of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, classically characterized by encephalopathy, profound psychomotor retardation, seizures, a spectrum of brain abnormalities and early death in childhood. Less common milder phenotypes with moderate cognitive impairment and long-term survival have been reported. In addition, heterozygous mutations of the FH gene are responsible for hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC). There is currently no recommended disease modifying treatment for FHD and only isolated reports of unsuccessful dietary modifications. Herein, we describe the safe and possibly disease modifying effect of a high fat, low carbohydrate diet in a 14-year-old female with severe FHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ryder
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F Moore
- NSW Biochemical Genetics Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Mitchell
- Metabolic Dietetic Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Thompson
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Metabolic Dietetic Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J Christodoulou
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neurodevelopmental Genomics Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S Balasubramaniam
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Tefera TW, Tan KN, McDonald TS, Borges K. Alternative Fuels in Epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurochem Res 2016; 42:1610-1620. [PMID: 27868154 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises the recent findings on metabolic treatments for epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in honour of Professor Ursula Sonnewald. The metabolic impairments in rodent models of these disorders as well as affected patients are being discussed. In both epilepsy and ALS, there are defects in glucose uptake and reduced tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycling, at least in part due to reduced amounts of C4 TCA cycle intermediates. In addition there are impairments in glycolysis in ALS. A reduction in glucose uptake can be addressed by providing the brain with alternative fuels, such as ketones or medium-chain triglycerides. As anaplerotic fuels, such as the triglyceride of heptanoate, triheptanoin, refill the TCA cycle C4/C5 intermediate pool that is deficient, they are ideal to boost TCA cycling and thus the oxidative metabolism of all fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye W Tefera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Skerman Building 65, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kah Ni Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Skerman Building 65, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tanya S McDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Skerman Building 65, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Karin Borges
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Skerman Building 65, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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