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Skoczyńska A, Ołdakowska M, Dobosz A, Adamiec R, Gritskevich S, Jonkisz A, Lebioda A, Adamiec-Mroczek J, Małodobra-Mazur M, Dobosz T. PPARs in Clinical Experimental Medicine after 35 Years of Worldwide Scientific Investigations and Medical Experiments. Biomolecules 2024; 14:786. [PMID: 39062500 PMCID: PMC11275227 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This year marks the 35th anniversary of Professor Walter Wahli's discovery of the PPARs (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors) family of nuclear hormone receptors. To mark the occasion, the editors of the scientific periodical Biomolecules decided to publish a special issue in his honor. This paper summarizes what is known about PPARs and shows how trends have changed and how research on PPARs has evolved. The article also highlights the importance of PPARs and what role they play in various diseases and ailments. The paper is in a mixed form; essentially it is a review article, but it has been enriched with the results of our experiments. The selection of works was subjective, as there are more than 200,000 publications in the PubMed database alone. First, all papers done on an animal model were discarded at the outset. What remained was still far too large to describe directly. Therefore, only papers that were outstanding, groundbreaking, or simply interesting were described and briefly commented on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skoczyńska
- Department of Internal and Occupational Medicine and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Ołdakowska
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobosz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Immunology, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rajmund Adamiec
- Department of Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Technical Sciences, Karkonosze University of Applied Sciences, Lwówiecka 18, 58-506 Jelenia Góra, Poland
| | - Sofya Gritskevich
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
| | - Anna Jonkisz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
| | - Arleta Lebioda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
| | - Joanna Adamiec-Mroczek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
| | - Tadeusz Dobosz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.); (A.L.); (M.M.-M.); (T.D.)
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Li S, Zhang Y, Xu W, Lv Z, Xu L, Zhao Z, Zhu D, Song Y. C Allele of the PPARδ+294T>C Polymorphism Confers a Higher Risk of Hypercholesterolemia, but not Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:355-366. [PMID: 37011890 DOI: 10.1055/a-2043-7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationships of the PPARα Leu162Val and PPARδ+294 T>C polymorphisms with metabolic indexes have been reported to be inconsistent and even contradictory. The meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the relationships between the two variants and the indexes of obesity, insulin resistance, and blood lipids. PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval was calculated to estimate the differences in the metabolic indexes between the genotypes of the Leu162Val and+294 T>C polymorphisms. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by Cochran's x2-based Q-statistic test. Publication bias was identified by using Begg's test. Forty-one studies (44 585 subjects) and 33 studies (23 018 subjects) were identified in the analyses for the Leu162Val and+294 T>C polymorphisms, respectively. C allele carriers of the+294 T>C polymorphism had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than TT homozygotes in the whole population. Notably, C allele carriers of the+294 T>C polymorphism had significantly higher levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol in East Asians, but lower levels of triglycerides in West Asians than TT homozygotes. Regarding the Leu162Val polymorphism, it was found that Val allele carriers had significantly higher levels of blood glucose than Leu/Leu homozygotes only in European Caucasians. The meta-analysis demonstrates that C allele of the+294 T>C polymorphism in PPARδ gene confers a higher risk of hypercholesterolemia, which may partly explain the relationship between this variant and coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Li
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youjin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Lv
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luying Xu
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongyan Song
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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Hu C, Zhang Z, Song G, Zhu L, Wang R, Ruan Z. Jujuboside A Ameliorates Myocardial Apoptosis and Inflammation in Rats with Coronary Heart Disease by Inhibiting PPAR- α Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2285728. [PMID: 35783519 PMCID: PMC9249489 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2285728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a chronic disease caused by atherosclerosis (AS), which can cause myocardial ischemia, hypoxia, or necrosis, seriously threatening human health. There is an urgent need for effective treatments and drugs to reduce the various risk factors for coronary heart disease and relieve symptoms of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction in patients. Jujuboside A (JuA) is a triterpenoid saponin extracted from jujube seeds, which has various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects. We study the function of JuA in myocardial injury, dyslipidemia, and inflammation in the CHD rat model, to explore its potential mechanism of improving CHD. Methods A rat model of CHD was established by feeding a high-fat diet. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6): control group, CHD group, JuA 25 mg/kg group, JuA 50 mg/kg group, and JuA 75 mg/kg group. Echocardiography was used to detect the cardiac function parameters of rats in each group, and then, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess the histopathological injury in myocardial tissues. Levels of blood lipids, myocardial injury indexes, and inflammatory factors of rats in each group were measured by biochemical tests and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the levels of Bax, Bcl-2, c-caspase-3, PPAR-α, p65, p-p65, IκBα, and p-IκBα protein expression in myocardial tissues were detected by western blot. Results Compared with the CHD group, JuA therapy significantly improved injury in myocardial tissue and endothelial tissue. It also strengthened cardiac function, while decreasing total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the serum and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. In addition, JuA also restrained cardiomyocytes apoptosis and inhibited the inflammatory reaction by reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in myocardial tissues. Furthermore, administration of JuA inhibited the activation of PPAR-α pathway by preventing the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα in myocardial tissues of CHD rats. Conclusion JuA may improve cardiac function, alleviate myocardial and endothelial injury, and also ameliorate dyslipidemia and inflammatory reaction in rats with CHD, where JuA probably plays a protective role by inhibiting the activation of PPAR-α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Hu
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guixian Song
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongbao Ruan
- Cardiovascular MedicineCardiovascular Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225399, Jiangsu, China
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Song Y, Li S, He C. PPARγ Gene Polymorphisms, Metabolic Disorders, and Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:808929. [PMID: 35402540 PMCID: PMC8984027 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.808929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Being activated by endogenous and exogenous ligands, nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) enhances insulin sensitivity, promotes adipocyte differentiation, stimulates adipogenesis, and has the properties of anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. The Human PPARγ gene (PPARG) contains thousands of polymorphic loci, among them two polymorphisms (rs10865710 and rs7649970) in the promoter region and two polymorphisms (rs1801282 and rs3856806) in the exonic region were widely reported to be significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Mechanistically, PPARG polymorphisms lead to abnormal expression of PPARG gene and/or dysfunction of PPARγ protein, causing metabolic disorders such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and thereby increasing susceptibility to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Song
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chuan He,
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Song Y, Raheel TM, Jia A, Dai G, Liu L, Long X, He C. rs10865710 polymorphism in PPARG promoter is associated with the severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease in a Chinese population. Postgrad Med J 2021; 98:778-787. [PMID: 37062988 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationship between polymorphisms in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains to be clarified. METHODS 635 subjects were divided into T2DM, CAD, T2DM complicated with CAD (T2DM/CAD) and control groups according to diagnostic criteria. The rs10865710 and rs3856806 polymorphisms were genotyped, and the severity of T2DM and CAD was evaluated for all subjects. RESULTS In patients with T2DM, G allele carriers of rs10865710 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of glucose, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) than non-carriers, T allele carriers of rs3856806 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), ApoB and Lp(a) than non-carriers. In patients with CAD, G allele carriers of rs10865710 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), ApoB and Lp(a) than non-carriers, T allele carriers of rs3856806 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of body mass index, blood pressure, TC, LDL-C and ApoB than non-carriers. Patients with one or two G alleles of rs10865710 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of Gensini scores and more diseased coronary branches than those patients without CAD. The rs3856806 polymorphism was not associated with CAD severity, but it was found to be significantly associated with T2DM/CAD, T allele frequency was significantly higher in T2DM/CAD group than that in T2DM/CAD-free group. CONCLUSIONS The rs10865710 and rs3856806 polymorphisms in PPARG are significantly associated with glucose levels in patients with T2DM. The rs10865710 polymorphism is significantly associated with the severity of CAD, which is possibly mediated by hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Song
- Central Laboratory, and Medical Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tariq Muhammad Raheel
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimei Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Du L, Hong J, Chen Z, Liu H, Li S, Xiao X, Yan S. Molecular mechanism underlying the hypolipidemic effect of Shanmei Capsule based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:239-256. [PMID: 33682762 PMCID: PMC8150495 DOI: 10.3233/thc-218023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Shanmei Capsule is a famous preparation in China. However, the related mechanism of Shanmei Capsule against hyperlipidemia has yet to be revealed. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate underlying mechanism of Shanmei Capsule against hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology approach and molecular docking. METHODS: Active ingredients, targets of Shanmei Capsule as well as targets for hyperlipidemia were screened based on database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were performed via Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) 6.8 database. Ingredient-target-disease-pathway network was visualized utilizing Cytoscape software and molecular docking was performed by Autodock Vina. RESULTS: Seventeen active ingredients in Shanmei Capsule were screened out with a closely connection with 34 hyperlipidemia-related targets. GO analysis revealed 40 biological processes, 5 cellular components and 29 molecular functions. A total of 15 signal pathways were enriched by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The docking results indicated that the binding activities of key ingredients for PPAR-α are equivalent to that of the positive drug lifibrate. CONCLUSIONS: The possible molecular mechanism mainly involved PPAR signaling pathway, Bile secretion and TNF signaling pathway via acting on MAPK8, PPARγ, MMP9, PPARα, FABP4 and NOS2 targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lijing Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiana Hong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhenlin Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Huijian Liu
- Shanxi Taihang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, China
| | - Shasha Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shikai Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Herrera-Espejo S, Santos-Zorrozua B, Alvarez-Gonzalez P, Martin-Guerrero I, M de Pancorbo M, Garcia-Orad A, Lopez-Lopez E. A Genome-Wide Study of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in MicroRNAs and Further In Silico Analysis Reveals Their Putative Role in Susceptibility to Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:55-64. [PMID: 32892277 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of growing relevance in an aging society for which predictive biomarkers are needed. Many genes involved in LOAD are tightly controlled by microRNAs (miRNAs), which can be modulated by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our aim was to determine the association between SNPs in miRNAs and LOAD. We selected all SNPs in pre-miRNAs with a minor allele frequency (MAF) > 1% and genotyped them in a cohort of 229 individuals diagnosed with LOAD and 237 unrelated healthy controls. In silico analyses were performed to predict the effect of SNPs on miRNA stability and detect downstream pathways. Four SNPs were associated with LOAD risk with a p value < 0.01 (rs74704964 in hsa-miR-518d, rs71363366 in hsa-miR-1283-2, rs11983381 in hsa-miR-4653, and rs10934682 in hsa-miR-544b). In silico analyses support a possible functional effect of those SNPs in miRNA levels and in the regulation of pathways of relevance for the development of LOAD. Although the results are promising, additional studies are needed to validate the association between SNPs in miRNAs and the risk of developing LOAD. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Herrera-Espejo
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Borja Santos-Zorrozua
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Paula Alvarez-Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Idoia Martin-Guerrero
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Marian M de Pancorbo
- BIOMICs Research Group, Centro de Investigación "Lascaray" Ikergunea, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Africa Garcia-Orad
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Elixabet Lopez-Lopez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain. .,BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
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A bioinformatics approach revealed the transcription factors of Helicobacter pylori pathogenic genes and their regulatory network nodes. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Impact of PPAR-Alpha Polymorphisms-The Case of Metabolic Disorders and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184378. [PMID: 31489930 PMCID: PMC6770475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) has the most relevant biological functions among PPARs. Activation by drugs and dietary components lead to major metabolic changes, from reduced triglyceridemia to improvement in the metabolic syndrome. Polymorphisms of PPARα are of interest in order to improve our understanding of metabolic disorders associated with a raised or reduced risk of diseases. PPARα polymorphisms are mainly characterized by two sequence changes, L162V and V227A, with the latter occurring only in Eastern nations, and by numerous SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) with a less clear biological role. The minor allele of L162V associates with raised total cholesterol, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and triglycerides, reduced HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein metabolism), and elevated lipoprotein (a). An increased cardiovascular risk is not clear, whereas a raised risk of diabetes or of liver steatosis are not well supported. The minor allele of the V227A polymorphism is instead linked to a reduction of steatosis and raised γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels in non-drinking Orientals, the latter being reduced in drinkers. Lastly, the minor allele of rs4353747 is associated with a raised high-altitude appetite loss. These and other associations indicate the predictive potential of PPARα polymorphisms for an improved understanding of human disease, which also explain variability in the clinical response to specific drug treatments or dietary approaches.
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Hannon BA, Khan NA, Teran-Garcia M. Nutrigenetic Contributions to Dyslipidemia: A Focus on Physiologically Relevant Pathways of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1404. [PMID: 30279335 PMCID: PMC6213032 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death worldwide, and dyslipidemia is a major predictor of CVD mortality. Elevated lipid concentrations are the result of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Over 150 genetic loci have been associated with blood lipid levels. However, not all variants are present in pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. The study of these physiologically relevant variants can provide mechanistic understanding of dyslipidemia and identify potential novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, dietary fatty acids have been evidenced to exert both positive and negative effects on lipid profiles. The metabolism of both dietary and endogenously synthesized lipids can be affected by individual genetic variation to produce elevated lipid concentrations. This review will explore the genetic, dietary, and nutrigenetic contributions to dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Hannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Cooperative Extension, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
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González-Castro TB, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, Hernández-Díaz Y, López-Narváez ML, Rodríguez-Pérez C, González-Hernández YK, Ramos-Méndez MÁ. PON2 and PPARG polymorphisms as biomarkers of risk for coronary heart disease. Biomark Med 2018; 12:287-297. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Investigate the correlation between paraoxonase 2 (PON2) Ser311Cys polymorphism as well as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) His477His polymorphism and the susceptibility to development of coronary heart diseases (CHD) through a meta-analysis. Methods: Odds ratio and the corresponding 95% CI were used to assess the results. We included 7476 CHD patients and 8504 healthy controls. All the statistical analyses were performed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA, version 2.0). Results: The Ser311Cys polymorphism decreased susceptibility in the overall population and Asian population to CHD. The His477His polymorphism has a protective role in the overall population; however, the subgroup analysis by ethnicity suggested that in Asian population, His477His might increase the risk of CHD. Conclusion: These polymorphisms constitute important predictive indicators of CHD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, 86205, Tabasco, México
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, 86650, Tabasco, México
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, 86100, Tabasco, México
| | - Yazmín Hernández-Díaz
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, 86205, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Candelario Rodríguez-Pérez
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, 86205, Tabasco, México
| | - Yahaira Karina González-Hernández
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, 86205, Tabasco, México
| | - Miguel Ángel Ramos-Méndez
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, 86205, Tabasco, México
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12
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Qian Y, Li P, Zhang J, Shi Y, Chen K, Yang J, Wu Y, Ye X. Association between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, delta, and gamma polymorphisms and risk of coronary heart disease: A case-control study and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4299. [PMID: 27512842 PMCID: PMC4985297 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) has been suggested to be associated with polymorphisms of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), while the results were controversial. We aimed to systematically assess the association between PPAR polymorphisms and CHD risk. METHODS A case-control study with 446 subjects was conducted to evaluate the association between CHD risk and C161T polymorphism, which was of our special interest as this polymorphism showed different effects on risks of CHD and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Meta-analyses were conducted to assess all PPAR polymorphisms. Either a fixed- or a random-effects model was adopted to estimate overall odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS In the case-control study, T allele carriers of C161T polymorphism were not significantly associated with CHD risk (Odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-1.15, P = 0.19), while T allele carriers showed higher risk of ACS (OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.00-2.65, P = 0.048). The meta-analysis indicated that compared with CC homozygous, T allele carriers had lower CHD risk (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.59-0.82, P < 0.001) but higher ACS risk (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.09-1.87, P = 0.010). Three other polymorphisms were also found to be significantly associated with CHD risk under dominant model: PPAR-alpha intron 7G/C polymorphism (CC+GC vs GG, OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13-1.78, P = 0.003), L162V polymorphism (VV+LV vs LL, OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.97, P = 0.031), and PPAR-delta +294T/C polymorphism (CC+TC vs TT, OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.12-2.05, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that PPAR-alpha intron 7G/C and L162V, PPAR-delta +294T/C and PPAR-gamma C161T polymorphisms could affect CHD susceptibility, and C161T polymorphism might have different effects on CHD and ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital
| | - Peiwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health
| | - Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Toxicology, Hangzhou Normal University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health
| | - Xianhua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital
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13
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Is the Mouse a Good Model of Human PPARγ-Related Metabolic Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081236. [PMID: 27483259 PMCID: PMC5000634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing number of patients affected with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis and insulin resistance, academic researchers and pharmaceutical companies are eager to better understand metabolic syndrome and develop new drugs for its treatment. Many studies have focused on the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which plays a crucial role in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. These studies have been able to connect this transcription factor to several human metabolic diseases. Due to obvious limitations concerning experimentation in humans, animal models—mainly mouse models—have been generated to investigate the role of PPARγ in different tissues. This review focuses on the metabolic features of human and mouse PPARγ-related diseases and the utility of the mouse as a model.
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14
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Mechanisms underlying the effect of polysaccharides in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 144:474-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Wei C, Wang H, Liu G, Zhao F, Kijas JW, Ma Y, Lu J, Zhang L, Cao J, Wu M, Wang G, Liu R, Liu Z, Zhang S, Liu C, Du L. Genome-wide analysis reveals adaptation to high altitudes in Tibetan sheep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26770. [PMID: 27230812 PMCID: PMC4882523 DOI: 10.1038/srep26770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tibetan sheep have lived on the Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years; however, the process and consequences of adaptation to this extreme environment have not been elucidated for important livestock such as sheep. Here, seven sheep breeds, representing both highland and lowland breeds from different areas of China, were genotyped for a genome-wide collection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The FST and XP-EHH approaches were used to identify regions harbouring local positive selection between these highland and lowland breeds, and 236 genes were identified. We detected selection events spanning genes involved in angiogenesis, energy production and erythropoiesis. In particular, several candidate genes were associated with high-altitude hypoxia, including EPAS1, CRYAA, LONP1, NF1, DPP4, SOD1, PPARG and SOCS2. EPAS1 plays a crucial role in hypoxia adaption; therefore, we investigated the exon sequences of EPAS1 and identified 12 mutations. Analysis of the relationship between blood-related phenotypes and EPAS1 genotypes in additional highland sheep revealed that a homozygous mutation at a relatively conserved site in the EPAS1 3' untranslated region was associated with increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume. Taken together, our results provide evidence of the genetic diversity of highland sheep and indicate potential high-altitude hypoxia adaptation mechanisms, including the role of EPAS1 in adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wei
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihua Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of apicultural research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxue Cao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangkai Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizao Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chousheng Liu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, National Center of Preservation &Utilization of Animal Genetic Resources, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Du
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Su L, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, Cheng Y, Hake AM, Xin P, Chen C, Liu J, Ma F, Bian J, Li P, Jin Y. Selenium Level and Dyslipidemia in Rural Elderly Chinese. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136706. [PMID: 26380972 PMCID: PMC4575098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher selenium level has been hypothesized to have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases including dyslipidemia. However, results from previous studies are inconsistent. This study aims to determine the association between selenium level and dyslipidemia in elderly Chinese with relatively low selenium status. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1859 participants aged 65 or older from four rural counties in China was conducted. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC), nail selenium concentration and APOE genotype were measured in all subjects. The four types of dyslipidemia were defined as >5.17 mmol/L for High-TC, >1.69 mmol/L for High-TG, >3.36 mmol/L for High-LDLC, and <1.04 mmol/L for Low-HDLC according to Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults. Logistic models adjusting for age, gender, APOE genotype, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, medication use for cardiovascular diseases were used to examine the relationship between selenium levels and the risk of dyslipidemia. RESULTS Mean nail selenium concentration was 0.465 μg/gin this sample. Rates for High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, Low-HDLC were 18.13%, 13.23%, 12.21% and 32.76% respectively. Results from logistic models indicated that higher selenium levels were significantly associated with higher risk of High-TC, High-LDLC and lower risk of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates (p < 0.0001). Compared with the lowest selenium quartile group, participants in selenium quartile groups 2, 3 and 4 had significantly higher rates of High-TC, High-LDLC, High-TG, and lower rate of Low-HDLC adjusting for covariates. No significant association was observed between selenium level and the risk of High-TG. APOEε4 carriers had higher rates of High-TC and High-LDLC. There was no interaction between selenium level and APOE with the rates of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest long-term selenium exposure level may be associated with the risk of dyslipidemia in elderly population. Future studies are needed to examine the underlying mechanism of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Su
- Department of Environmental Impact Assessment, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Frederick W. Unverzagt
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yibin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ann M. Hake
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Pengju Xin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchao Bian
- Shandong Institute for Prevention and Treatment of Endemic Disease in China, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinlong Jin
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Environmental Health and Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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17
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Wang P, Wang Q, Yin Y, Yang Z, Li W, Liang D, Zhou P. Association between Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Gene Polymorphisms and Atherosclerotic Diseases: A Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:912-25. [PMID: 25832497 DOI: 10.5551/jat.26138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the association between PPARγ rs1801282/rs3856806 polymorphisms and atherosclerotic diseases. METHODS The meta-analysis was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases from the first available year to September 10, 2013. Additionally, reference lists from the identified articles, reviews and abstracts presented at the meetings of related scientific societies were also checked. All case-control studies investigating the association between PPARγ rs1801282/rs3856806 polymorphisms and the risk of atherosclerotic disease were included. The association was assessed according to the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Publication bias was analyzed using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression test. RESULTS A total of 29 studies reporting PPARγ rs1801282/rs3856806 polymorphism were included in the final meta-analysis. Neither the rs1801282 (Pro12Ala) nor rs3856806 (C161T) polymorphisms showed any significant associations with susceptibility to atherosclerotic diseases. In the meta-analysis performed to assess the association between the rs3856806 gene polymorphism and atherosclerotic disease based on ethnicity and the type of disease, significant associations were found in the Caucasian subgroup, Asian, CAD and MI subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest that there is no statistical evidence of a significant association between the PPARγ gene rs1801282/rs3856806 polymorphism and the risk of atherosclerotic disease. In contrast, the rs3856806 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk in the Caucasian and MI subgroups, whereas decreased risks were noted in the Asian and CAD subgroups. Due to significant between-study heterogeneity, further studies with a larger sample size involving homogeneous AS patients and well-matched controls are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College
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18
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Gao S, Xu Y, Asghar S, Chen M, Zou L, Eltayeb S, Huo M, Ping Q, Xiao Y. Polybutylcyanoacrylate nanocarriers as promising targeted drug delivery systems. J Drug Target 2015; 23:481-96. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zhao C, Zhang T, Shi Z, Ding H, Ling X. MicroRNA-518d regulates PPARα protein expression in the placentas of females with gestational diabetes mellitus. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:2085-90. [PMID: 24639097 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is thought to have a critical role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as GDM‑associated complications resolve following delivery. Placenta-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to the pathology of the development of GDM. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the placenta-specific miR-518d contributes to the development of GDM. It was revealed that miR-518d expression was higher in placentas taken from patients with GDM compared with control placentas, whereas the protein levels of the predicted miR-518d target gene, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), were lower in placentas from patients with GDM compared with those from control subjects. It was also demonstrated that PPARα was a direct target of miR-518d with a specific binding site at the seed sequence, which determines target specificity. In the placentas of females with GDM increased levels of miR-518d were negatively correlated with the levels of PPARα protein. As PPARα dysregulation may be related to the development of GDM, it is suggested that upregulation of miR-518d may be associated with the pathogenesis of GDM via an effect on the regulation of PPARα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Xiufeng Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
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20
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Xia Z, Yang T, Wang Z, Dong J, Liang C. GRK5 intronic (CA)n polymorphisms associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese Hainan Island. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90597. [PMID: 24594703 PMCID: PMC3940906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide association study had showed G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) rs10886471 was related to the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through upregulated GRK5 mRNA expression. Rs10886471 is located in the intron region of GRK5. However, the mechanism by which intronic SNP affects gene expression remains unclear, whether the effect on gene expression depends on the intronic short tandem repeat (STR) (CA)n splicing regulator or not. Here we investigated the STR (CA)n polymorphism in rs10886471 and further discussed its role in the T2DM risk of Chinese Hainan Island individuals. A total of 1164 subjects were recruited and classified into a normal fasting glucose (NFG) group, an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) group, an impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group, and a T2DM group. STR (CA)n polymorphisms were detected through polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Five intronic (CA)n alleles, (CA)15 to (CA)19, were identified in GRK5 rs10886471. Only the (CA)16 allele was significantly associated with increased prediabetes and T2DM risk [odds ratio (OR)>1, P<0.05]. Conversely, multiple alleles without any (CA)16 protected against prediabetes and T2DM (0<OR<1, P<0.05). In summary, rs10886471 acts as both an SNP and an STR. The rs10886471 intronic SNP causes GRK5 overexpression the subsequent risk of T2DM may be due to the rs10886471 intronic STR (CA)n splicing enhancer. Further studies should focus on verifying these finding using a large sample size and analyzing the splicing mechanism of intronic (CA)n in rs10886471.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfang Xia
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, City of Changsha, Province Hunan, China
| | - Tubao Yang
- Division of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, City of Changsha, Province Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhuansuo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, City of Haikou, Province Hainan, China
| | - Jianping Dong
- Transgenic Laboratory, Hainan Medical College, City of Haikou, Province Hainan, China
| | - Chunyan Liang
- Outpatients Department, Community Health Service Center of Xiuying, City of Haikou, Province Hainan, China
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Vergotine Z, Kengne AP, Erasmus RT, Yako YY, Matsha TE. Rare mutations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: frequencies and relationship with insulin resistance and diabetes risk in the mixed ancestry population from South Africa. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:187985. [PMID: 25197274 PMCID: PMC4150434 DOI: 10.1155/2014/187985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Genetic variants in the nuclear transcription receptor, PPARG, are associated with cardiometabolic traits, but reports remain conflicting. We determined the frequency and the clinical relevance of PPARG SNPs in an African mixed ancestry population. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, 820 participants were genotyped for rs1800571, rs72551362, rs72551363, rs72551364, and rs3856806, using allele-specific TaqMan technology. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin (HOMA-IR), β-cells function (HOMA-B%), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), and the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. Results. No sequence variants were found except for the rs3856806. The frequency of the PPARG-His447His variant was 23.8% in the overall population group, with no difference by diabetes status (P = 0.215). The His447His allele T was associated with none of the markers of insulin resistance overall and by diabetes status. In models adjusted for 2-hour insulin, the T allele was associated with lower prevalent diabetes risk (odds ratio 0.56 (95% CI 0.31-0.95)). Conclusion. Our study confirms the almost zero occurrences of known rare PPARG SNPs and has shown for the first time in an African population that one of the common SNPs, His447His, may be protective against type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Vergotine
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - A. P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - R. T. Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Y. Y. Yako
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - T. E. Matsha
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
- *T. E. Matsha:
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Wu G, Li GB, Dai B, Zhang DQ. Novel KIF6 polymorphism increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease in Han Chinese men. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:871439. [PMID: 25629058 PMCID: PMC4297624 DOI: 10.1155/2014/871439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effect of the KIF6 polymorphism Trp719Arg on the risk of T2DM and T2DM with CHD remains unclear. METHODS 946 unrelated subjects of Han Chinese origin were recruited, comprising 346 controls, 312 T2DM, and 288 T2DM + CHD patients. Genotyping was performed by high-resolution melting curve analysis using real-time qPCR. The impact of the variant on T2DM/T2DM + CHD and gene-sex interaction were evaluated by stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The frequencies of the Trp719 allele in T2DM and T2DM + CHD patients were similar to the control group, whereas significantly increased 719Arg allele frequencies were observed in male T2DM and T2DM + CHD patients compared with the corresponding control group. Further sex partition analysis revealed that only male 719Arg allele carriers had approximately 3-fold and 5-fold higher risk of T2DM and T2DM + CHD, respectively, than noncarriers. There was also a significant association between carriers and higher TG and lower HDL-C levels. CONCLUSION The KIF6 719Arg allele may increase the risk of T2DM and T2DM + CHD only in Han Chinese men by modulating lipid metabolism, especially with regard to TG and HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wu
- Department of Clinical Trials, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Dongfeng Street No. 2643, Changchun, Jilin 130011, China
- *Ge Wu:
| | - Gui-Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Trials, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Dongfeng Street No. 2643, Changchun, Jilin 130011, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Department of Clinical Trials, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Dongfeng Street No. 2643, Changchun, Jilin 130011, China
| | - Dong-Qing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Trials, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Dongfeng Street No. 2643, Changchun, Jilin 130011, China
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