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Di Sanzo M, Cozzolino F, Battaglia AM, Aversa I, Monaco V, Sacco A, Biamonte F, Palmieri C, Procopio F, Santamaria G, Ortuso F, Pucci P, Monti M, Faniello MC. Ferritin Heavy Chain Binds Peroxiredoxin 6 and Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12987. [PMID: 36361777 PMCID: PMC9654362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The H Ferritin subunit (FTH1), as well as regulating the homeostasis of intracellular iron, is involved in complex pathways that might promote or inhibit carcinogenesis. This function may be mediated by its ability to interact with different molecules. To gain insight into the FTH1 interacting molecules, we analyzed its interactome in HEK293T cells. Fifty-one proteins have been identified, and among them, we focused our attention on a member of the peroxiredoxin family (PRDX6), an antioxidant enzyme that plays an important role in cell proliferation and in malignancy development. The FTH1/PRDX6 interaction was further supported by co-immunoprecipitation, in HEK293T and H460 cell lines and by means of computational methods. Next, we demonstrated that FTH1 could inhibit PRDX6-mediated proliferation and migration. Then, the results so far obtained suggested that the interaction between FTH1/PRDX6 in cancer cells might alter cell proliferation and migration, leading to a less invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flora Cozzolino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vittoria Monaco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Services, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Camillo Palmieri
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Procopio
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Department of Health Science, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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2
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Chiarella E, Aloisio A, Codispoti B, Nappo G, Scicchitano S, Lucchino V, Montalcini Y, Camarotti A, Galasso O, Greco M, Gasparini G, Mesuraca M, Bond HM, Morrone G. ZNF521 Has an Inhibitory Effect on the Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 14:901-914. [PMID: 29938352 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9830-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors present in the bone marrow stroma and in subcutaneous abdominal fat, an abundant and easily accessible source of MSCs with the ability to differentiate along multiple lineage pathways. The stem cell-associated transcription co-factor Zinc Finger Protein 521 (ZNF521/zfp521) has been implicated in the control of the homeostasis of hematopoietic, neural and osteo-adipogenic progenitors. Here we document through the analysis of a panel of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), that ZNF521 strongly inhibits the generation of mature adipocytes. Enforced overexpression of ZNF521 in these cells resulted in a significant delay and reduction in adipocyte differentiation upon exposure to inducers of adipogenesis. Of particular relevance, ZNF521 was able to inhibit the expression of ZNF423, recently identified as an essential commitment factor necessary for the generation of pre-adipocytes. Conversely, silencing of ZNF521 was found to significantly enhance the adipogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Inhibition of adipogenesis by ZNF521 was at least in part due to inhibition of EBF1. Taken together, these results confirm a role for ZNF521 as a key negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation of hADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Chiarella
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Aloisio
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruna Codispoti
- Tecnologica Research Institute- Marrelli Hospital, Crotone, Italy
| | - Giovanna Nappo
- UCSF Hellen Diller Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucchino
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ylenia Montalcini
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Olimpio Galasso
- Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Manfredi Greco
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gasparini
- Department of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mesuraca
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Heather Mandy Bond
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morrone
- Laboratory of Molecular Haematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
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Aversa I, Chirillo R, Chiarella E, Zolea F, Di Sanzo M, Biamonte F, Palmieri C, Costanzo F. Chemoresistance in H-Ferritin Silenced Cells: The Role of NF-κB. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102969. [PMID: 30274235 PMCID: PMC6213748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) is frequently activated in tumor cells contributing to aggressive tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy. Here we demonstrate that Ferritin Heavy Chain (FHC) protein expression inversely correlates with NF-κB activation in cancer cell lines. In fact, FHC silencing in K562 and SKOV3 cancer cell lines induced p65 nuclear accumulation, whereas FHC overexpression correlated with p65 nuclear depletion in the same cell lines. In FHC-silenced cells, the p65 nuclear accumulation was reverted by treatment with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, indicating that NF-κB activation was an indirect effect of FHC on redox metabolism. Finally, FHC knock-down in K562 and SKOV3 cancer cell lines resulted in an improved cell viability following doxorubicin or cisplatin treatment, being counteracted by the transient expression of inhibitory of NF-κB, IκBα. Our results provide an additional layer of information on the complex interplay of FHC with cellular metabolism, and highlight a novel scenario of NF-κB-mediated chemoresistance triggered by the downregulation of FHC with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Aversa
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Roberta Chirillo
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Chiarella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Zolea
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Biochemistry and Advanced Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Camillo Palmieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Center of Services (CIS), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Campus Salvatore Venuta-Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Lobello N, Biamonte F, Pisanu ME, Faniello MC, Jakopin Ž, Chiarella E, Giovannone ED, Mancini R, Ciliberto G, Cuda G, Costanzo F. Ferritin heavy chain is a negative regulator of ovarian cancer stem cell expansion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62019-62033. [PMID: 27566559 PMCID: PMC5308708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ferritin is the major intracellular iron storage protein essential for maintaining the cellular redox status. In recent years ferritin heavy chain (FHC) has been shown to be involved also in the control of cancer cell growth. Analysis of public microarray databases in ovarian cancer revealed a correlation between low FHC expression levels and shorter survival. To better understand the role of FHC in cancer, we have silenced the FHC gene in SKOV3 cells. Results FHC-KO significantly enhanced cell viability and induced a more aggressive behaviour. FHC-silenced cells showed increased ability to form 3D spheroids and enhanced expression of NANOG, OCT4, ALDH and Vimentin. These features were accompanied by augmented expression of SCD1, a major lipid metabolism enzyme. FHC apparently orchestrates part of these changes by regulating a network of miRNAs. Methods FHC-silenced and control shScr SKOV3 cells were monitored for changes in proliferation, migration, ability to propagate as 3D spheroids and for the expression of stem cell and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) markers. The expression of three miRNAs relevant to spheroid formation or EMT was assessed by q-PCR. Conclusions In this paper we uncover a new function of FHC in the control of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Lobello
- Centro di Ricerca di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Avanzata, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Centro di Ricerca di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Avanzata, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Pisanu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy.,Laboratorio di Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Dipartimento di Chirurgia "P. Valdoni", Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Centro di Ricerca di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Avanzata, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emanuela Chiarella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emilia Dora Giovannone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Servizi e Ricerca, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy.,Laboratorio di Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Dipartimento di Chirurgia "P. Valdoni", Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Centro di Ricerca di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Avanzata, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Centro di Ricerca di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare Avanzata, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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shRNA targeting of ferritin heavy chain activates H19/miR-675 axis in K562 cells. Gene 2018; 657:92-99. [PMID: 29544765 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heavy subunit of the iron storage protein ferritin (FHC) is essential for the intracellular iron metabolism and, at the same time, it represents a central hub of iron-independent pathways, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, p53 regulation, chemokine signalling, stem cell expansion, miRNAs expression. In this work we have explored the ability of FHC to modulate gene expression in K562 cells, through the up-regulation of the lncRNA H19 and its cognate miR-675. MATERIALS AND METHODS Targeted silencing of FHC was performed by lentiviral-driven shRNA strategy. FHC reconstitution was obtained by full length FHC cDNA transfection with Lipofectamine 2000. ROS amounts were determined with the redox-sensitive probe H2DCFDA. H19, miR-675, miR-107, Twist1, ID3, EPHB6, GNS, ANK1 and SMAD6 mRNA amounts were quantified by Taqman assay and qPCR analysis. RESULTS FHC silencing in K562 cells modulates gene expression through the up-regulation of the lncRNA H19 and its cognate miR-675. Experimental findings demonstrate that the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is represented by an FHC knock-down-triggered increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. CONCLUSIONS In this paper we uncover a so far not described function of the ferritin heavy subunit in the control of lncRNA pathways.
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Ferritin Heavy Subunit Silencing Blocks the Erythroid Commitment of K562 Cells via miR-150 up-Regulation and GATA-1 Repression. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102167. [PMID: 29039805 PMCID: PMC5666848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation is a complex and multistep process during which an adequate supply of iron for hemoglobinization is required. The role of ferritin heavy subunit, in this process, has been mainly attributed to its capacity to maintain iron in a non-toxic form. We propose a new role for ferritin heavy subunit (FHC) in controlling the erythroid commitment of K562 erythro-myeloid cells. FHC knockdown induces a change in the balance of GATA transcription factors and significantly reduces the expression of a repertoire of erythroid-specific genes, including α- and γ-globins, as well as CD71 and CD235a surface markers, in the absence of differentiation stimuli. These molecular changes are also reflected at the morphological level. Moreover, the ability of FHC-silenced K562 cells to respond to the erythroid-specific inducer hemin is almost completely abolished. Interestingly, we found that this new role for FHC is largely mediated via regulation of miR-150, one of the main microRNA implicated in the cell-fate choice of common erythroid/megakaryocytic progenitors. These findings shed further insight into the biological properties of FHCand delineate a role in erythroid differentiation where this protein does not act as a mere iron metabolism-related factor but also as a critical regulator of the expression of genes of central relevance for erythropoiesis.
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Aversa I, Zolea F, Ieranò C, Bulotta S, Trotta AM, Faniello MC, De Marco C, Malanga D, Biamonte F, Viglietto G, Cuda G, Scala S, Costanzo F. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in FHC-silenced cells: the role of CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:104. [PMID: 28774348 PMCID: PMC5543736 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Ferritin plays a central role in the intracellular iron metabolism; the molecule is a nanocage of 24 subunits of the heavy and light types. The heavy subunit (FHC) is provided of a ferroxidase activity and thus performs the key transformation of iron in a non-toxic form. Recently, it has been shown that FHC is also involved in additional not iron-related critical pathways including, among the others, p53 regulation, modulation of oncomiRNAs expression and chemokine signalling. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular mechanism by which the cell acquires a fibroblast-like phenotype along with a decreased adhesion and augmented motility. In this work we have focused our attention on the role of the FHC on EMT induction in the human cell lines MCF-7 and H460 to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Targeted silencing of the FHC was performed by lentiviral-driven shRNA strategy. Reconstitution of the FHC gene product was obtained by full length FHC cDNA transfection with Lipofectamine 2000. MTT and cell count assays were used to evaluate cell viability and proliferation; cell migration capability was assayed by the wound-healing assay and transwell strategy. Quantification of the CXCR4 surface expression was performed by flow cytometry. Results Experimental data indicated that FHC-silenced MCF-7 and H460 cells (MCF-7shFHC, H460shFHC) acquire a mesenchymal phenotype, accompanied by a significant enhancement of their migratory and proliferative capacity. This shift is coupled to an increase in ROS production and by an activation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 signalling pathway. We present experimental data indicating that the cytosolic increase in ROS levels is responsible for the enhanced proliferation of FHC-silenced cells, while the higher migration rate is attributable to a dysregulation of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. Conclusions Our findings indicate that induction of EMT, increased migration and survival depend, in MCF-7 and H460 cells, on the release of FHC control on two pathways, namely the iron/ROS metabolism and CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. Besides constituting a further confirmation of the multifunctional nature of FHC, this data also suggest that the analysis of FHC amount/function might be an important additional tool to predict tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Aversa
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - F Zolea
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - C Ieranò
- Genomica Funzionale, INT Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A M Trotta
- Genomica Funzionale, INT Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - M C Faniello
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - C De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - D Malanga
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - F Biamonte
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Cuda
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - S Scala
- Genomica Funzionale, INT Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Costanzo
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Zheng Y, Gao L, Wang D, Zang D. Elevated levels of ferritin in the cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2017; 136:145-150. [PMID: 27804118 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to detect changes in the levels of ferritin heavy chain (FHC), ferritin light chain (FLC), and transferrin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and to analyze the correlations between the levels of these proteins and various clinical parameters. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were obtained from 54 ALS patients and 46 non-inflammatory neurological disease control (non-INDC) patients. CSF and serum FHC, FLC, and transferring levels were measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent method using a commercial ELISA kit, and the times from onset (durations), ALS functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-r) scores, and disease progression rates (DPRs) were analyzed by registered neurologists. Statistical analysis was performed via Prism software. RESULTS Compared with controls, ALS patients exhibited significantly increased FHC and FLC levels in CSF, which were positively correlated with DPR and negatively correlated with duration. Serum transferrin levels were significantly increased in ALS patients but were not correlated with disease progression. FHC and FLC in CSF rapidly increased as the disease worsened. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the clinical measurement of FHC and FLC in CSF may be beneficial for disease differentiation and evaluating progression in patients with ALS. Compared with levels in serum, the levels of FHC and FLC in CSF might be more reliable for diagnosing and assessing the progression of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zheng
- Department of Neurology; Tianjin First Center Hospital; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - L. Gao
- Department of Neurology; Tianjin First Center Hospital; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
| | - D. Wang
- Department of Neurology; Changchun Center Hospital; Changchun Jilin China
| | - D. Zang
- Department of Neurology; Tianjin First Center Hospital; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin China
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9
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Martins AC, Almeida JI, Lima IS, Kapitão AS, Gozzelino R. Iron Metabolism and the Inflammatory Response. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:442-450. [PMID: 28474474 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential to almost all organisms, as required by cells to satisfy metabolic needs and accomplish specialized functions. Its ability to exchange electrons between different substrates, however, renders it potentially toxic. Fine tune-mechanisms are necessary to maintain Fe homeostasis and, as such, to prevent its participation into the Fenton reaction and generation of oxidative stress. These are particularly important in the context of inflammation/infection, where restricting Fe availability to invading pathogens is one, if not, the main host defense strategy against microbial growth. The ability of Fe to modulate several aspects of the immune response is associated with a number of "costs" and "benefits", some of which have been described in this review. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(6):442-450, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Martins
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC)/NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana I Almeida
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC)/NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Illyane S Lima
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC)/NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonino S Kapitão
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC)/NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raffaella Gozzelino
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC)/NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Portugal
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10
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Zolea F, Biamonte F, Battaglia AM, Faniello MC, Cuda G, Costanzo F. Caffeine Positively Modulates Ferritin Heavy Chain Expression in H460 Cells: Effects on Cell Proliferation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163078. [PMID: 27657916 PMCID: PMC5033359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the methylxanthine caffeine and the heavy subunit of ferritin molecule (FHC) are able to control the proliferation rate of several cancer cell lines. While caffeine acts exclusively as a negative modulator of cell proliferation, FHC might reduce or enhance cell viability depending upon the different cell type. In this work we have demonstrated that physiological concentrations of caffeine reduce the proliferation rate of H460 cells: along with the modulation of p53, pAKT and Cyclin D1, caffeine also determines a significant FHC up-regulation through the activation of its transcriptional efficiency. FHC plays a central role in the molecular pathways modulated by caffeine, ending in a reduced cell growth, since its specific silencing by siRNA almost completely abolishes caffeine effects on H460 cell proliferation. These results allow the inclusion of ferritin heavy subunits among the multiple molecular targets of caffeine and open the way for studying the relationship between caffeine and intracellular iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zolea
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
- * E-mail:
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11
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Abstract
Ferritins, the main intracellular iron storage proteins, have been studied for over 60 years, mainly focusing on the mammalian ones. This allowed the elucidation of the structure of these proteins and the mechanisms regulating their iron incorporation and mineralization. However, ferritin is present in most, although not all, eukaryotic cells, comprising monocellular and multicellular invertebrates and vertebrates. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the general properties of ferritins that are common to various eukaryotic phyla (except plants), and to give an overview on the structure, function and regulation of ferritins. An update on the animal models that were used to characterize H, L and mitochondrial ferritins is also provided. The data show that ferritin structure is highly conserved among different phyla. It exerts an important cytoprotective function against oxidative damage and plays a role in innate immunity, where it also contributes to prevent parenchymal tissue from the cytotoxicity of pro-inflammatory agonists released by the activation of the immune response activation. Less clear are the properties of the secretory ferritins expressed by insects and molluscs, which may be important for understanding the role played by serum ferritin in mammals.
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Di Sanzo M, Aversa I, Santamaria G, Gagliardi M, Panebianco M, Biamonte F, Zolea F, Faniello MC, Cuda G, Costanzo F. FTH1P3, a Novel H-Ferritin Pseudogene Transcriptionally Active, Is Ubiquitously Expressed and Regulated during Cell Differentiation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151359. [PMID: 26982978 PMCID: PMC4794146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin, the major iron storage protein, performs its essential functions in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. The variable assembly of 24 subunits of the Heavy (H) and Light (L) type composes the cytoplasmic molecule. In humans, two distinct genes code these subunits, both belonging to complex multigene families. Until now, one H gene has been identified with the coding sequence interrupted by three introns and more than 20 intronless copies widely dispersed on different chromosomes. Two of the intronless genes are actively transcribed in a tissue-specific manner. Herein, we report that FTH1P3, another intronless pseudogene, is transcribed. FTH1P3 transcript was detected in several cell lines and tissues, suggesting that its transcription is ubiquitary, as it happens for the parental ferritin H gene. Moreover, FTH1P3 expression is positively regulated during the cell differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Mariafranca Panebianco
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zolea
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Research Center of Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
- * E-mail:
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13
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Zolea F, Biamonte F, Candeloro P, Di Sanzo M, Cozzi A, Di Vito A, Quaresima B, Lobello N, Trecroci F, Di Fabrizio E, Levi S, Cuda G, Costanzo F. H ferritin silencing induces protein misfolding in K562 cells: A Raman analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:614-23. [PMID: 26454082 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The redox state of the cell is involved in the regulation of many physiological functions as well as in the pathogenesis of several diseases, and is strictly dependent on the amount of iron in its catalytically active state. Alterations of iron homeostasis determine increased steady-state concentrations of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that cause lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and altered protein folding. Ferritin keeps the intracellular iron in a non-toxic and readily available form and consequently plays a central role in iron and redox homeostasis. The protein is composed by 24 subunits of the H- and L-type, coded by two different genes, with structural and functional differences. The aim of this study was to shed light on the role of the single H ferritin subunit (FHC) in keeping the native correct protein three-dimensional structure. To this, we performed Raman spectroscopy on protein extracts from K562 cells subjected to FHC silencing. The results show a significant increase in the percentage of disordered structures content at a level comparable to that induced by H2O2 treatment in control cells. ROS inhibitor and iron chelator were able to revert protein misfolding. This integrated approach, involving Raman spectroscopy and targeted-gene silencing, indicates that an imbalance of the heavy-to-light chain ratio in the ferritin composition is able to induce severe but still reversible modifications in protein folding and uncovers new potential pathogenetic mechanisms associated to intracellular iron perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zolea
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Anna Cozzi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy, 20132
| | - Anna Di Vito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Barbara Quaresima
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Nadia Lobello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Francesca Trecroci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100; Physical Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900
| | - Sonia Levi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy, 20132; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy, 20132
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100.
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Jühlen R, Idkowiak J, Taylor AE, Kind B, Arlt W, Huebner A, Koehler K. Role of ALADIN in human adrenocortical cells for oxidative stress response and steroidogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124582. [PMID: 25867024 PMCID: PMC4395102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple A syndrome is caused by mutations in AAAS encoding the protein ALADIN. We investigated the role of ALADIN in the human adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R1 by either over-expression or down-regulation of ALADIN. Our findings indicate that AAAS knock-down induces a down-regulation of genes coding for type II microsomal cytochrome P450 hydroxylases CYP17A1 and CYP21A2 and their electron donor enzyme cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase, thereby decreasing biosynthesis of precursor metabolites required for glucocorticoid and androgen production. Furthermore we demonstrate that ALADIN deficiency leads to increased susceptibility to oxidative stress and alteration in redox homeostasis after paraquat treatment. Finally, we show significantly impaired nuclear import of DNA ligase 1, aprataxin and ferritin heavy chain 1 in ALADIN knock-down cells. We conclude that down-regulating ALADIN results in decreased oxidative stress response leading to alteration in steroidogenesis, highlighting our knock-down cell model as an important in-vitro tool for studying the adrenal phenotype in triple A syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Jühlen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Idkowiak
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Angela E. Taylor
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Kind
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Huebner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Koehler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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15
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H-ferritin-regulated microRNAs modulate gene expression in K562 cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122105. [PMID: 25815883 PMCID: PMC4376865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that the silencing of the heavy subunit (FHC) offerritin, the central iron storage molecule in the cell, is accompanied by a modification in global gene expression. In this work, we explored whether different FHC amounts might modulate miRNA expression levels in K562 cells and studied the impact of miRNAs in gene expression profile modifications. To this aim, we performed a miRNA-mRNA integrative analysis in K562 silenced for FHC (K562shFHC) comparing it with K562 transduced with scrambled RNA (K562shRNA). Four miRNAs, namely hsa-let-7g, hsa-let-7f, hsa-let-7i and hsa-miR-125b, were significantly up-regulated in silenced cells. The remarkable down-regulation of these miRNAs, following FHC expression rescue, supports a specific relation between FHC silencing and miRNA-modulation. The integration of target predictions with miRNA and gene expression profiles led to the identification of a regulatory network which includes the miRNAs up-regulated by FHC silencing, as well as91 down-regulated putative target genes. These genes were further classified in 9 networks; the highest scoring network, “Cell Death and Survival, Hematological System Development and Function, Hematopoiesis”, is composed by 18 focus molecules including RAF1 and ERK1/2. We confirmed that, following FHC silencing, ERK1/2 phosphorylation is severely impaired and that RAF1 mRNA is significantly down-regulated. Taken all together, our data indicate that, in our experimental model, FHC silencing may affect RAF1/pERK1/2 levels through the modulation of a specific set of miRNAs and add new insights in to the relationship among iron homeostasis and miRNAs.
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