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Sellamuthu G, Tarafdar A, Jasrotia RS, Chaudhary M, Vishwakarma H, Padaria JC. Introgression of Δ 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (PgP5CS) confers enhanced resistance to abiotic stresses in transgenic tobacco. Transgenic Res 2024; 33:131-147. [PMID: 38739244 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-024-00385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) is one of the key regulatory enzymes involved in the proline biosynthetic pathway. Proline acts as an osmoprotectant, molecular chaperone, antioxidant, and regulator of redox homeostasis. The accumulation of proline during stress is believed to confer tolerance in plants. In this study, we cloned the complete CDS of the P5CS from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. and transformed into tobacco. Three transgenic tobacco plants with single-copy insertion were analyzed for drought and heat stress tolerance. No difference was observed between transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants when both were grown in normal conditions. However, under heat and drought, transgenic plants have been found to have higher chlorophyll, relative water, and proline content, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels than WT plants. The photosynthetic parameters (stomatal conductance, intracellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate) were also observed to be high in transgenic plants under abiotic stress conditions. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of the transgene in drought and heat conditions was 2-10 and 2-7.5 fold higher than in normal conditions, respectively. Surprisingly, only P5CS was increased under heat stress conditions, indicating the possibility of feedback inhibition. Our results demonstrate the positive role of PgP5CS in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in tobacco, suggesting its possible use to increase abiotic stress-tolerance in crops for sustained yield under adverse climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gothandapani Sellamuthu
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Forest Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Avijit Tarafdar
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheruvu, India
| | - Rahul Singh Jasrotia
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Minakshi Chaudhary
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Harinder Vishwakarma
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Jasdeep C Padaria
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Reale M, Costantini E, Aielli L, Rienzo AD, Biase GD, Stefano AD, Cacciatore I. Exploring the therapeutic potential of cinnamoyl derivatives in attenuating inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced Caco-2 cells. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1395-1411. [PMID: 39190472 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2351293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: In gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exacerbates gut-barrier dysfunction and inflammation. Cinnamoyl derivatives show potential in mitigating LPS-induced inflammation.Materials & methods: We assessed intestinal epithelial barrier function using Trans-epithelial electrical resistance values and measured inflammatory mediators through real-time PCR and ELISA in Caco-2 cells.Results: LPS treatment increased IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, PGE2 and TRL4 expression in Caco-2 cells. Pre-treatment with DM1 (1 or 10 μM) effectively countered LPS-induced TLR4 overexpression and reduced IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2 levels.Conclusion: DM1 holds promise in regulating inflammation and maintaining intestinal integrity by suppressing TLR4 and inflammatory mediators in Caco-2 cells. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic avenue for GI diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Reale
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine & Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lisa Aielli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Rienzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Biase
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Raza A, Charagh S, Abbas S, Hassan MU, Saeed F, Haider S, Sharif R, Anand A, Corpas FJ, Jin W, Varshney RK. Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:379-395. [PMID: 36748909 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat and cold) disturb plant growth and development, reduce productivity and, in severe cases, lead to plant death. Plants have developed numerous strategies to mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure to stress leads to the accumulation of various metabolites, e.g. sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids and amino acids. Plants accumulate the amino acid 'proline' in response to several abiotic stresses, including temperature stress. Proline abundance may result from de novo synthesis, hydrolysis of proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. Proline also leads to stress tolerance by maintaining the osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity and indirectly modulating metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the crosstalk of proline with other osmoprotectants and signalling molecules, e.g. glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble sugars, helps to strengthen protective mechanisms in stressful environments. Development of less temperature-responsive cultivars can be achieved by manipulating the biosynthesis of proline through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview of plant responses to extreme temperatures and an outline of proline metabolism under such temperatures. The exogenous application of proline as a protective molecule under extreme temperatures is also presented. Proline crosstalk and interaction with other molecules is also discussed. Finally, the potential of genetic engineering of proline-related genes is explained to develop 'temperature-smart' plants. In short, exogenous application of proline and genetic engineering of proline genes promise ways forward for developing 'temperature-smart' future crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - S Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - S Abbas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - S Haider
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - A Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - F J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - W Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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Meena M, Divyanshu K, Kumar S, Swapnil P, Zehra A, Shukla V, Yadav M, Upadhyay RS. Regulation of L-proline biosynthesis, signal transduction, transport, accumulation and its vital role in plants during variable environmental conditions. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02952. [PMID: 31872123 PMCID: PMC6909094 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In response to various environmental stresses, many plant species synthesize L-proline in the cytosol and accumulates in the chloroplasts. L-Proline accumulation in plants is a well-recognized physiological reaction to osmotic stress prompted by salinity, drought and other abiotic stresses. L-Proline plays several protective functions such as osmoprotectant, stabilizing cellular structures, enzymes, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and keeps up redox balance in adverse situations. In addition, ample-studied osmoprotective capacity, L-proline has been also ensnared in the regulation of plant improvement, including flowering, pollen, embryo, and leaf enlargement. Scope and conclusions Albeit, ample is now well-known about L-proline metabolism, but certain characteristics of its biological roles are still indistinct. In the present review, we discuss the L-proline accumulation, metabolism, signaling, transport and regulation in the plants. We also discuss the effects of exogenous L-proline during different environmental conditions. L-Proline biosynthesis and catabolism are controlled by several cellular mechanisms, of which we identify only very fewer mechanisms. So, in the future, there is a requirement to identify such types of cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Meena
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India.,Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Kumari Divyanshu
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Prashant Swapnil
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.,International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vaishali Shukla
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - R S Upadhyay
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Çelik Ö, Çakır BC, Atak Ç. Identification of the antioxidant defense genes which may provide enhanced salt tolerance in Oryza sativa L. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:85-99. [PMID: 30804632 PMCID: PMC6352531 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidative mechanisms are important to protect cells from the hazardous effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Salt stress is one of the environmental stress factors that leads to accumulation of ROS at toxic levels. In this study, we analyzed the responses of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars against NaCl stress at enzymatic and transcriptional levels. In 14 day-old-seedlings, different antioxidant enzyme activities were observed. These findings were also supported by transcriptional analyses of the responsible genes. According to the results, Cyt-APX, CAT A, Cyt-GR1 and proline metabolism-related genes were differentially expressed between two rice varieties under different salt concentrations. Their regulational differences cause different salt sensitivities of the varieties. By this study, we provided an insight into understanding of the correlation between antioxidant defence genes and ROS enzymes under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Çelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, İstanbul Kültür University, Ataköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilgin Candar Çakır
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çimen Atak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, İstanbul Kültür University, Ataköy, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey
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Per TS, Khan NA, Reddy PS, Masood A, Hasanuzzaman M, Khan MIR, Anjum NA. Approaches in modulating proline metabolism in plants for salt and drought stress tolerance: Phytohormones, mineral nutrients and transgenics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 115:126-140. [PMID: 28364709 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Major abiotic stress factors such as salt and drought adversely affect important physiological processes and biochemical mechanisms and cause severe loss in crop productivity worldwide. Plants develop various strategies to stand healthy against these stress factors. The accumulation of proline (Pro) is one of the striking metabolic responses of plants to salt and drought stress. Pro biosynthesis and signalling contribute to the redox balance of cell under normal and stressful conditions. However, literature is meager on the sustainable strategies potentially fit for modulating Pro biosynthesis and production in stressed plants. Considering the recent literature, this paper in its first part overviews Pro biosynthesis and transport in plants and also briefly highlights the significance of Pro in plant responses to salt and drought stress. Secondly, this paper discusses mechanisms underlying the regulation of Pro metabolism in salt and drought-exposed plant via phytohormones, mineral nutrients and transgenic approaches. The outcome of the studies may give new opportunities in modulating Pro metabolism for improving plant tolerance to salt and drought stress and benefit sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasir S Per
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Palakolanu Sudhakar Reddy
- Cell, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Group, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad 502 324, Telangana, India
| | - Asim Masood
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - M Iqbal R Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, 4030 Los Banos, Philippines.
| | - Naser A Anjum
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-19 Aveiro, Portugal
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Deng JC, Yang CQ, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Yang F, Yang WY, Liu J. Organ-Specific Differential NMR-Based Metabonomic Analysis of Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Fruit Reveals the Metabolic Shifts and Potential Protection Mechanisms Involved in Field Mold Infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:508. [PMID: 28487702 PMCID: PMC5404178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged, continuous rainfall is the main climatic characteristic of autumn in Southwest China, and it has been found to cause mildew outbreaks in pre-harvest soybean fields. Low temperature and humidity (LTH) stress during soybean maturation in the field promotes pre-harvest mildew, resulting in damage to different organs of soybean fruits to different extents, but relatively little information on the resistance mechanisms in these fruits is available. Therefore, to understand the metabolic responses of soybean fruits to field mold (FM), the metabonomic variations induced by LTH were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), and the primary metabolites from the pod, seed coat and cotyledon of pre-harvest soybean were quantified. Analysis of FM-damaged soybean germplasms with different degrees of resistance to FM showed that extracts were dominated by 66 primary metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids and sugars. Each tissue had a characteristic metabolic profile, indicating that the metabolism of proline in the cotyledon, lysine in the seed coat, and sulfur in the pod play important roles in FM resistance. The primary-secondary metabolism interface and its potential contribution to FM resistance was investigated by targeted analyses of secondary metabolites. Both the seed coat and the pod have distinct but nonexclusive metabolic responses to FM, and these are functionally integrated into FM resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-cai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
| | - Cai-qiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping SystemChengdu, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping SystemChengdu, China
| | - Wen-yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping SystemChengdu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of AgricultureChengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping SystemChengdu, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
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8
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Tian B, Qiao Z, Zhang L, Li H, Pei Y. Hydrogen sulfide and proline cooperate to alleviate cadmium stress in foxtail millet seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:293-299. [PMID: 27771582 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and some functional amino acids in crops have been involved in the defense system against heavy-metal pollution. Here we report the relationships and functions of H2S and proline to cadmium (Cd) stress. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) pretreatment decreased the electrolytic leakage and the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents while enhancing photosynthesis in Cd-treated seedlings. Furthermore, pretreatment with NaHS markedly exacerbated Cd-induced alterations in proline content, the activities of proline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) and proline dehydrogenase (PDH), and the transcript levels of P5CR and PDH. When endogenous H2S was scavenged or inhibited by various H2S modulators, the Cd-induced increase in endogenous proline was weakened. Combined pretreatment with H2S and proline was moderately higher in the Cd-stressed growth status, stomata movements and oxidative damage of seedlings compared to a single treatment with H2S or proline. These results suggest that H2S and proline cooperate to alleviate Cd-damage in foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Tian
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Zengjie Qiao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hua Li
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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9
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Signorelli S. The Fermentation Analogy: A Point of View for Understanding the Intriguing Role of Proline Accumulation in Stressed Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1339. [PMID: 27642286 PMCID: PMC5015475 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Signorelli
- School of Plant Biology and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, Australia
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo, Uruguay
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Sahebi M, Hanafi MM, Azizi P, Hakim A, Ashkani S, Abiri R. Suppression Subtractive Hybridization Versus Next-Generation Sequencing in Plant Genetic Engineering: Challenges and Perspectives. Mol Biotechnol 2016; 57:880-903. [PMID: 26271955 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) is an effective method to identify different genes with different expression levels involved in a variety of biological processes. This method has often been used to study molecular mechanisms of plants in complex relationships with different pathogens and a variety of biotic stresses. Compared to other techniques used in gene expression profiling, SSH needs relatively smaller amounts of the initial materials, with lower costs, and fewer false positives present within the results. Extraction of total RNA from plant species rich in phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, and polysaccharides that easily bind to nucleic acids through cellular mechanisms is difficult and needs to be considered. Remarkable advancement has been achieved in the next-generation sequencing (NGS) field. As a result of progress within fields related to molecular chemistry and biology as well as specialized engineering, parallelization in the sequencing reaction has exceptionally enhanced the overall read number of generated sequences per run. Currently available sequencing platforms support an earlier unparalleled view directly into complex mixes associated with RNA in addition to DNA samples. NGS technology has demonstrated the ability to sequence DNA with remarkable swiftness, therefore allowing previously unthinkable scientific accomplishments along with novel biological purposes. However, the massive amounts of data generated by NGS impose a substantial challenge with regard to data safe-keeping and analysis. This review examines some simple but vital points involved in preparing the initial material for SSH and introduces this method as well as its associated applications to detect different novel genes from different plant species. This review evaluates general concepts, basic applications, plus the probable results of NGS technology in genomics, with unique mention of feasible potential tools as well as bioinformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbod Sahebi
- Laboratory of Plantation Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,
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11
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Li J, Sun C, Yu N, Wang C, Zhang T, Bu H. Hexaconazole-Cu complex improves the salt tolerance of Triticum aestivum seedlings. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 127:90-94. [PMID: 26821663 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hexaconazole is one of the triazole complexes that are broadly used as systemic fungicides with non-traditional plant growth regulator properties. Hexaconazole-Cu complex (Hex-Cu) is a new triazole derivative, and the biological effect of Hex-Cu has been rarely studied. In this work, we investigated the functions of Hex-Cu in regulating growth and the response to salt stress in the seedlings of Triticum aestivum. Pretreated with 60μmolL(-1) Hex-Cu, the seedling plants got increased root/shoot ratio by 42.0%, and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein were also increased by 38.1% and 27.9%, respectively. Furthermore, Hex-Cu alleviated the growth inhibition caused by salt stress, enabled the seedlings to maintain a higher proline content and lower malondialdehyde accumulation. The functions of Hex-Cu in regulating the expression of proline synthetase (P5CS and P5CR) genes were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Under 100mmolL(-1) NaCl stress, the expression of P5CS and P5CR in the seedlings by Hex-Cu pretreatment were significantly up-regulated. It attributed to the enhanced salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Cuiyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Huaiyu Bu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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12
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Talei D, Valdiani A, Maziah M, Sagineedu SR, Abiri R. Salt stress-induced protein pattern associated with photosynthetic parameters and andrographolide content in Andrographis paniculata Nees. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:51-8. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.963499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is a multifunctional medicinal plant and a potent source of bioactive compounds. Impact of environmental stresses such as salinity on protein diversification, as well as the consequent changes in the photosynthetic parameters and andrographolide content (AG) of the herb, has not yet been thoroughly investigated. The present study showed that the salinity affects the protein pattern, and subsequently, it decreased the photosynthetic parameters, protein content, total dry weight, and total crude extract. Exceptionally, the AG content was increased (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, it was noticed that the salinity at 12 dS m−1 led to the maximum increase in AG content in all accessions. Interestingly, the leaf protein analysis revealed that the two polymorphic protein bands as low- and medium-sized of 17 and 45 kDa acted as the activator agents for the photosynthetic parameters and AG content. Protein sequencing and proteomic analysis can be conducted based on the present findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryush Talei
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Alireza Valdiani
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Maziah
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasa Rao Sagineedu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rambod Abiri
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Wang H, Tang X, Wang H, Shao HB. Proline accumulation and metabolism-related genes expression profiles in Kosteletzkya virginica seedlings under salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:792. [PMID: 26483809 PMCID: PMC4586422 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Proline accumulation is a common response to salt stress in many plants. Salt stress also increased proline concentration in roots, stems, and leaves of Kosteletzkya virginica seedling treated with 300 mM NaCl for 24 h and reached 3.75-, 4.76-, and 6.83-fold higher than controls. Further study on proline content in leaves under salt stress showed that proline content increased with increasing NaCl concentrations or time. The proline level peaked at 300 mM NaCl for 24 h and reached more than sixfold higher than control, but at 400 mM NaCl for 24 h proline content fell back slightly along with wilting symptom. To explore the cause behind proline accumulation, we first cloned full length genes related to proline metabolism including KvP5CS1, KvOAT, KvPDH, and KvProT from K. virginica and investigated their expression profiles. The results revealed that the expressions of KvP5CS1 and KvProT were sharply up-regulated by salt stress and the expression of KvOAT showed a slight increase with increasing salt concentrations or time, while the expression of KvPDH was not changed much and slightly decreased before 12 h and then returned to the original level. As the key enzyme genes for proline biosynthesis, the up-regulated expression of KvP5CS1 played a more important role than KvOAT for proline accumulation in leaves under salt stress. The low expression of KvPDH for proline catabolism also made a contribution to proline accumulation before 12 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, YantaiChina
- Yantai Academy of China Agricultural University, YantaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingChina
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, YantaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingChina
| | - Honglei Wang
- Yantai Academy of China Agricultural University, YantaiChina
| | - Hong-Bo Shao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, YantaiChina
- Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, NanjingChina
- *Correspondence: Hong-Bo Shao, Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China,
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