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Chen S, Liu Y, Xie S, Guo Y, Yang H, Wei Y, Xu Q, Ye T, Meng B, Huang R, Liu Y, Tian L, Gan L. Role of myo-inositol supplementation against toxicity of excessive dietary copper in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113712. [PMID: 35660379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Raw materials for making dried shrimp (a type of foodstuff) are mostly from farmed shrimp and preliminary findings indicated that head copper (Cu) concentrations in some commercial dried shrimp products exceeded the safe limit specified in pollution-free aquatic products (50 mg/kg), which may influence food safety. Therefore, a 63-day feeding trial was conducted to explore effects of dietary Cu concentrations on accumulation of Cu in tissues, growth performance, immune response and antioxidant status of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Moderating effect of myo-inositol (MI, adding 200 mg/kg diet) on the adverse impacts caused by excessive dietary Cu was also investigated. 600 shrimp (initial weight: 0.89 ± 0.00 g) were divided into five groups: 37.08 mg Cu/kg diet group (control group), 62.57 mg Cu/kg diet group, 125.99 mg Cu/kg diet group, 63.41 mg Cu/kg diet group (supplemented with MI) and 119.19 mg Cu/kg diet group (supplemented with MI). The results showed that dietary Cu concentrations increased from 37.08 to over 62.57 mg/kg, hepatopancreas Cu concentrations raised from 29.04 to 233.43-263.65 mg/kg, and muscle Cu concentrations only increased from 6.22 to 6.99-8.39 mg/kg. Report to control group, excessive Cu concentration (125.99 mg/kg) didn't significantly affect growth performance, but it notably reduced whole body lipid content and immune response, induced oxidative stress and damaged the hepatopancreas structure, which was ameliorated by MI supplementation. The results suggested that consuming shrimp head and its processed products weren't recommended. Cu concentrations of commercial feeds for Pacific white shrimp should be controlled below 62.57 mg/kg. Additionally, MI supplementation mitigated the negative impacts induced by excessive dietary Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Yantao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Shiwei Xie
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China.
| | - Yingchi Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Huirong Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Yanru Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Tao Ye
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Bangsong Meng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Runbin Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Lixia Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Lian Gan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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Cui C, Zhu L, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Chi H, Zhan W. Differential white spot syndrome virus-binding proteins in two hemocyte subpopulations of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 125:104215. [PMID: 34324898 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A number of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)-binding proteins have been identified previously in the hemocytes of Fenneropenaeus chinensis. In order to further investigate the differential WSSV-binding proteins in hemocyte subpopulations, granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes were sorted from WSSV-infected shrimp by immunomagnetic bead (IMB) method. The results of ELISA and immuno-dot blot assay showed that the WSSV-binding activity of granular hemocytes proteins was much stronger than that of hyalinocytes proteins. And the percentage of WSSV-positive granular hemocytes was significantly higher than that of hyalinocytes post WSSV infection, indicating that granular hemocytes were more susceptible to WSSV infection. Moreover, a total of 9 WSSV-binding proteins were successfully identified in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes by two-dimensional virus overlay protein binding assay (2D-VOPBA) and MALDI-TOF MS analysis, of which 3 binding proteins (arginine kinase, protease 1 and transglutaminase) existing in both hyalinocytes and granular hemocytes and 6 proteins (F1ATP synthase β-chain, hnRNPs, GAPDH, RACK1, β-actin and cellular retinoic acid) detected only in granular hemocytes. Among these identified WSSV-binding proteins, the transglutaminase (TG) was further recombinantly expressed, and the recombinant TG could be bound with WSSV. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that differential expression levels of WSSV-binding proteins were observed in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes. The results of this study revealed that the WSSV-binding proteins were differentially expressed in granular hemocytes and hyalinocytes, which provided a deeper insight into the interaction between WSSV and hemocyte subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Cui
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Li FX, Zhang YS, Yao CL. Characterization and role of PGK from Litopenaeus vannamei in WSSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:144-152. [PMID: 31326584 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2.7.2.3, PGK) catalyses the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid and ADP to produce 3-phosphoglyceric acid and ATP, which represents the initial production of ATP during glycolysis; therefore, PGK is a key enzyme in the energy metabolism. To study the role of PGK in the resistance to WSSV infection in shrimp, the full-length cDNA of the PGK gene (LvPGK) from Litopenaeus vannamei was obtained by using homology cloning and RACE amplification. The tissue distribution of LvPGK and its expression changes in the main immune tissues after WSSV stimulation were obtained by quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) was used to study the role of LvPGK in shrimp defending against WSSV infection. The results showed that the full-length cDNA sequence of LvPGK was 1855 bp, contained a 1248 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 415 amino acids, and included a conserved PGK domain. LvPGK presented ubiquitous expression in most examined tissues, with the most predominant expression in the muscle and the weakest expression in the intestine. LvPGK transcripts could be induced in the hemocytes and hepatopancreas by injection with WSSV. Both the replication of WSSV and the shrimp cumulative mortality decreased significantly after LvPGK knockdown (P < 0.01). After challenging LvPGK RNAi shrimp with WSSV, the concentration of glucose in the hepatopancreas and muscle tissue did not show significant change; however, the content of pyruvate and lactate decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, significant decreases in the expression levels of crustin, ALF1, ALF2 and ALF3 were also detected. The results suggested that LvPGK might be involved in WSSV replication by increasing host aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Xiang Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | | | - Cui-Luan Yao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China.
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Imaging aquatic animal cells and associated pathogens by atomic force microscopy in air. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1105-1110. [PMID: 31407133 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a sophisticated imaging tool with nanoscale resolution that is widely used in structural biology, cell biology, and material science, among other fields. However, to date it has rarely been applied to the study of aquatic animals, especially on one of the main cultured species, shrimp. One reason for this is that no shrimp cell line established until now, primary cell is fragile and difficult to be studied under AFM. In this study, we used AFM to image three different types of biological material from shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in air, including hemocytes and two associated pathogens. Without obvious deformations when the cells were imaged in air and in the case for the haemocytes and the cells were fixed as well. The result suggests hydrophobic glass coverslips are a suitable substrate for adhesion of these samples. The method described here can be applied to the preparation of other fragile biological samples from aquatic animals for high-resolution analyses of host-pathogen interactions and other basic physiological processes.
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Chen S, Yu Y, Gao Y, Yin P, Tian L, Niu J, Liu Y. Exposure to acute ammonia stress influences survival, immune response and antioxidant status of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pretreated with diverse levels of inositol. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:248-256. [PMID: 30951852 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of acute ammonia challenge on survival, immune response and antioxidant status of Litopenaeus vannamei pretreated with diets containing different inositol levels was investigated. Shrimp (initial mean weight 0.40 ± 0.00 g) were randomly allocated in 18 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet without myo-inositol (MI) supplementation (242.6 mg inositol kg-1 diet) or diets containing diverse levels of inositol (368.8, 459.7, 673.1, 993.8 and 1674.4 mg kg-1 diet) as treatment groups for 8-week. Randomly selected 10 shrimp per tank (final mean weight approximately 11.1-13.8g) were exposed to ammonia stress (total ammonia-nitrogen, 60.21 mg L-1) for 24 h after feeding trial. The results showed that after exposed to ammonia stress, survival rates of MI-supplemented groups were enhanced by 31-77% when compared with the control group. MI supplementation increased activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in plasma, and reduced its activities in hepatopancreas. It also enhanced activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and content of reduced glutathione (GSH), and lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) content in plasma or hepatopancreas. In addition, mRNA expression levels of ferritin (FT), arginine kinase (AK), thioredoxin (Trx), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), catalase (CAT) and peroxiredoxin (Prx) were significantly differentially regulated in hepatopancreas owing to MI supplementation. Therefore, it suggested that L. vannamei pretreated with higher dietary inositol content may have better ammonia stress tolerance and antioxidant status after ammonia stress, and the optimum levels ranged from 459.7 to 993.8 mg inositol kg-1 when total ammonia-nitrogen concentration was 60.21 mg L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yujie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Peng Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Lixia Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Jin Niu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
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Zhu L, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Zhan W. Differential proteome of haemocyte subpopulations responded to white spot syndrome virus infection in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 84:82-93. [PMID: 29427599 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, the differentially expressed proteins have been identified by proteomic analysis in total haemocytes of shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. To further investigate the differential response of haemocyte subpopulations to WSSV infection, granulocytes and hyalinocytes were separated from healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp by immunomagnetic bead (IMB) method, respectively. Then two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins in haemocyte subpopulations between healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp. The results of flow cytometry (FCM) showed that about 98% of granulocytes and about 96% of hyalinocytes in purity were obtained. Quantitative intensity analysis revealed that 26 protein spots in granulocytes and 24 spots in hyalinocytes were significantly changed post WSSV infection. Among them, 24 proteins in granulocytes and 23 proteins in hyalinocytes were identified by MS analysis, which could be divided into eight categories according to Gene Ontology. The identification of prophenoloxidase (proPO), proPO 2 and peroxiredoxin in WSSV-infected granulocytes was consistent with the facts that the proPO-activating system and peroxiredoxin were mainly existed in granulocytes. The phagocytosis of hyalinocytes seemed to be enhanced during the infection, because several proteins that involved in phagocytosis, including clathrin heavy chain, ADP ribosylation factor 4 and Alpha2 macroglobulin were up-regulated in hyalinocytes upon WSSV infection. Our results also reflected the vital biological significance of calcium ion binding proteins in granulocytes and ATPase/GTPase in hyalinocytes during WSSV infection. The data in this study verified the roles of granulocytes and hyalinocytes involved in WSSV infection, and differentially expressed proteins identified in granulocytes and hyalinocytes had a close correlation with their function characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Interaction of the Small GTPase Cdc42 with Arginine Kinase Restricts White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.01916-16. [PMID: 28031362 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01916-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many types of small GTPases are widely expressed in eukaryotes and have different functions. As a crucial member of the Rho GTPase family, Cdc42 serves a number of functions, such as regulating cell growth, migration, and cell movement. Several RNA viruses employ Cdc42-hijacking tactics in their target cell entry processes. However, the function of Cdc42 in shrimp antiviral immunity is not clear. In this study, we identified a Cdc42 protein in the kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) and named it MjCdc42. MjCdc42 was upregulated in shrimp challenged by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The knockdown of MjCdc42 and injection of Cdc42 inhibitors increased the proliferation of WSSV. Further experiments determined that MjCdc42 interacted with an arginine kinase (MjAK). By analyzing the binding activity and enzyme activity of MjAK and its mutant, ΔMjAK, we found that MjAK could enhance the replication of WSSV in shrimp. MjAK interacted with the envelope protein VP26 of WSSV. An inhibitor of AK activity, quercetin, could impair the function of MjAK in WSSV replication. Further study demonstrated that the binding of MjCdc42 and MjAK depends on Cys271 of MjAK and suppresses the WSSV replication-promoting effect of MjAK. By interacting with the active site of MjAK and suppressing its enzyme activity, MjCdc42 inhibits WSSV replication in shrimp. Our results demonstrate a new function of Cdc42 in the cellular defense against viral infection in addition to the regulation of actin and phagocytosis, which has been reported in previous studies. IMPORTANCE The interaction of Cdc42 with arginine kinase plays a crucial role in the host defense against WSSV infection. This study identifies a new mechanism of Cdc42 in innate immunity and enriches the knowledge of the antiviral innate immunity of invertebrates.
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Shi X, Kong J, Meng X, Luan S, Luo K, Cao B, Liu N, Lu X, Deng K, Cao J, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li X. Comparative microarray profile of the hepatopancreas in the response of "Huanghai No. 2" Fenneropenaeus chinensis to white spot syndrome virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:210-219. [PMID: 27591045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infects all shrimp species and is the greatest detriment to shrimp culture. To better understand the mechanism of molecular responses to WSSV infection in "Huanghai No. 2" Fenneropenaeus chinensis, a microarray technique was used. Microarray gene expression profiling of 59,137 unigenes identified Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) both in live and moribund shrimp at early, peak and late phases. In live shrimp, 1307, 1479 and 1539 DEGs were obtained in the early, peak and late phase, respectively. Meanwhile, 1536, 2181 and 1591 DEGs were obtained in moribund shrimp. Twenty known annotation genes are uniquely expressed in the late phase of live shrimp, including adhesion regulating molecule 1, arginine kinase, BUD31 homolog, and QM. Compared to WSSV-susceptible shrimp, 75 known annotation genes are uniquely expressed in WSSV-resistant shrimp, including arginine kinase, BUD31 homolog, clottable protein 2, caspase 2, cathepsin C, calnexin, HMGBb, Histone 3, and selenoprotein M. The gene expression patterns of the infected shrimp were altered by WSSV infection. To further confirm the expression of differentially expressed genes, real-time RT-PCR was performed to test six randomly selected genes. The data will provide valuable information to understand the immune mechanism of shrimp's response to WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Shi
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jie Kong
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Xianhong Meng
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Kun Luo
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Baoxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xia Lu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Kangyu Deng
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Jiawang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Hengheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xupeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanjing Road 106, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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Lopez-Zavala AA, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Hernandez-Flores JM, Lugo-Sanchez ME, Sugich-Miranda R, Garcia-Orozco KD. Arginine kinase shows nucleoside diphosphate kinase-like activity toward deoxythymidine diphosphate. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2016; 48:301-8. [PMID: 27072556 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-016-9660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arginine kinase (AK) (ATP: L-arginine phosphotransferase, E.C. 2.7.3.3) catalyzes the reversible transfer of ATP γ-phosphate group to L-arginine to synthetize phospho-arginine as a high-energy storage. Previous studies suggest additional roles for AK in cellular processes. Since AK is found only in invertebrates and it is homologous to creatine kinase from vertebrates, the objective of this work was to demonstrate nucleoside diphosphate kinase-like activity for shrimp AK. For this, AK from marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (LvAK) was purified and its activity was assayed for phosphorylation of TDP using ATP as phosphate donor. Moreover, by using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) the phosphate transfer reaction was followed. Also, LvAK tryptophan fluorescence emission changes were detected by dTDP titration, suggesting that the hydrophobic environment of Trp 221, which is located in the top of the active site, is perturbed upon dTDP binding. The kinetic constants for both substrates Arg and dTDP were calculated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Besides, docking calculations suggested that dTDP could bind LvAK in the same cavity where ATP bind, and LvAK basic residues (Arg124, 126 and 309) stabilize the dTDP phosphate groups and the pyrimidine base interact with His284 and Ser122. These results suggest that LvAK bind and phosphorylate dTDP being ATP the phosphate donor, thus describing a novel alternate nucleoside diphosphate kinase-like activity for this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso A Lopez-Zavala
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas s/n, Col. Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México
| | - Rogerio R Sotelo-Mundo
- Biomolecular Structure Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Jose M Hernandez-Flores
- Biomolecular Structure Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Maria E Lugo-Sanchez
- Biomolecular Structure Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, México
| | - Rocio Sugich-Miranda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas s/n, Col. Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, México
| | - Karina D Garcia-Orozco
- Biomolecular Structure Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83304, México.
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10
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Rao R, Bhassu S, Bing RZY, Alinejad T, Hassan SS, Wang J. A transcriptome study on Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas experimentally challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 136:10-22. [PMID: 26880158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The world production of shrimp such as the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is seriously affected by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). There is an urgent need to understand the host pathogen interaction between M. rosenbergii and WSSV which will be able to provide a solution in controlling the spread of this infectious disease and lastly save the aquaculture industry. Now, using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), we will be able to capture the response of the M. rosenbergii to the pathogen and have a better understanding of the host defence mechanism. Two cDNA libraries, one of WSSV-challenged M. rosenbergii and a normal control one, were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 platform. After de novo assembly and clustering of the unigenes from both libraries, 63,584 standard unigenes were generated with a mean size of 698bp and an N50 of 1137bp. We successfully annotated 35.31% of all unigenes by using BLASTX program (E-value <10-5) against NCBI non-redundant (Nr), Swiss-Prot, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) and Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG) databases. Gene Ontology (GO) assessment was conducted using BLAST2GO software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by using the FPKM method showed 8443 host genes were significantly up-regulated whereas 5973 genes were significantly down-regulated. The differentially expressed immune related genes were grouped into 15 animal immune functions. The present study showed that WSSV infection has a significant impact on the transcriptome profile of M. rosenbergii's hepatopancreas, and further enhanced the knowledge of this host-virus interaction. Furthermore, the high number of transcripts generated in this study will provide a platform for future genomic research on freshwater prawns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Robin Zhu Ya Bing
- Beijing Genomics Institute, Shenzhen, 11th Floor, Main Building, Beishan, Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Tahereh Alinejad
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Building 3, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Jun Wang
- Animal Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory and Terra-Aqua Lab, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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11
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Verbruggen B, Bickley LK, van Aerle R, Bateman KS, Stentiford GD, Santos EM, Tyler CR. Molecular Mechanisms of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection and Perspectives on Treatments. Viruses 2016; 8:E23. [PMID: 26797629 PMCID: PMC4728583 DOI: 10.3390/v8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its emergence in the 1990s, White Spot Disease (WSD) has had major economic and societal impact in the crustacean aquaculture sector. Over the years shrimp farming alone has experienced billion dollar losses through WSD. The disease is caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), a large dsDNA virus and the only member of the Nimaviridae family. Susceptibility to WSSV in a wide range of crustacean hosts makes it a major risk factor in the translocation of live animals and in commodity products. Currently there are no effective treatments for this disease. Understanding the molecular basis of disease processes has contributed significantly to the treatment of many human and animal pathogens, and with a similar aim considerable efforts have been directed towards understanding host-pathogen molecular interactions for WSD. Work on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in aquatic crustaceans has been restricted by a lack of sequenced and annotated genomes for host species. Nevertheless, some of the key host-pathogen interactions have been established: between viral envelope proteins and host cell receptors at initiation of infection, involvement of various immune system pathways in response to WSSV, and the roles of various host and virus miRNAs in mitigation or progression of disease. Despite these advances, many fundamental knowledge gaps remain; for example, the roles of the majority of WSSV proteins are still unknown. In this review we assess current knowledge of how WSSV infects and replicates in its host, and critique strategies for WSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Verbruggen
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Lisa K Bickley
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Ronny van Aerle
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Kelly S Bateman
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Grant D Stentiford
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Crustacean Diseases, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Eduarda M Santos
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4, UK.
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12
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The effect of Zn2+ on Exopalaemon carinicauda arginine kinase: Computational simulations including unfolding kinetics. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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13
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Gene expression profiling in gill tissues of White spot syndrome virus infected black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by DNA microarray. Virusdisease 2015; 26:9-18. [PMID: 26436116 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-014-0243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) continues to be the most devastating viral pathogen infecting penaeid shrimp the world over. The genome of WSSV has been deciphered and characterized from three geographical isolates and significant progress has been made in developing various molecular diagnostic methods to detect the virus. However, the information on host immune gene response to WSSV pathogenesis is limited. Microarray analysis was carried out as an approach to analyse the gene expression in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon in response to WSSV infection. Gill tissues collected from the WSSV infected shrimp at 6, 24, 48 h and moribund stage were analysed for differential gene expression. Shrimp cDNAs of 40,059 unique sequences were considered for designing the microarray chip. The Cy3-labeled cRNA derived from healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp was subjected to hybridization with all the DNA spots in the microarray which revealed 8,633 and 11,147 as up- and down-regulated genes respectively at different time intervals post infection. The altered expression of these numerous genes represented diverse functions such as immune response, osmoregulation, apoptosis, nucleic acid binding, energy and metabolism, signal transduction, stress response and molting. The changes in gene expression profiles observed by microarray analysis provides molecular insights and framework of genes which are up- and down-regulated at different time intervals during WSSV infection in shrimp. The microarray data was validated by Real Time analysis of four differentially expressed genes involved in apoptosis (translationally controlled tumor protein, inhibitor of apoptosis protein, ubiquitin conjugated enzyme E2 and caspase) for gene expression levels. The role of apoptosis related genes in WSSV infected shrimp is discussed herein.
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14
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Cheng Y, Wang XY, Hu H, Killiny N, Xu JP. A hypothetical model of crossing Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus through its host midgut physical barrier. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115032. [PMID: 25502928 PMCID: PMC4264868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a primary pathogen of silkworm (B. mori) that causes severe economic losses each year. However, the molecular mechanisms of silkworm-BmNPV interactions, especially the silkworm proteins that can interact with the virus, are still largely unknown. In this study, the total and membrane proteins of silkworm midguts were displayed using one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis. A virus overlay assay was used to detect B. mori proteins that specifically bind to BmNPV particles. Twelve proteins were located and identified using mass spectrometry, and the different expression of the corresponding genes in BmNPV susceptible and resistant silkworm strains also indicated their involvement in BmNPV infection. The 12 proteins are grouped based on their potential roles in viral infection, for example, endocytosis, intracellular transportation, and host responses. Based on these results, we hypothesize the following: I) vacuolar ATP synthase catalytic subunit A and subunit B may be implicated in the process of the membrane fusion of virus and the release of the nucleocapsid into cytoplasm; II) actin, enolase and phosphoglycerate kinase are cytoskeleton associated proteins and may play an important role in BmNPV intracellular transportation; III) mitochondrial prohibitin complex protein 2, ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein, calreticulin, regucalcin-like isoform X1 and 60 kDa heat shock protein are involved in cell apoptosis regulation during BmNPV infection in larvae midguts; IV) ribosomal P0 may be associated with BmNPV infection by regulating gene expression of BmNPV; V) arginine kinase has a role in the antiviral activities against BmNPV. Our work should prove informative by providing multiple protein targets and a novel direction to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the interactions between silkworms and BmNPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nabil Killiny
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Citrus Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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