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Shravya MS, Girisha KM, Nayak SS. Comprehensive phenotyping of fetuses with trisomy 18: a perinatal center experience. Clin Dysmorphol 2024; 33:16-26. [PMID: 38038141 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Trisomy 18 is the second most common aneuploidy after trisomy 21. It presents with varying degrees of heterogeneous clinical phenotypes involving multiple organ systems, with a high mortality rate. Clinical assessment of fetal trisomy 18 is always challenging. In this study, we describe the phenotypes of the fetuses with trisomy 18 from a perinatal cohort. We reviewed fetuses with trisomy 18 in referrals for perinatal autopsy over the period of 15 years. A detailed phenotyping of the fetuses with trisomy 18 was executed by perinatal autopsy. Appropriate fetal tissues were obtained to perform genomic testing. We observed trisomy 18 in 16 fetuses (2%) in our cohort of 784 fetal/neonatal losses and a perinatal autopsy was performed on all of them. Abnormal facial profile was the most frequent anomaly (10/16, 62%) followed by anomalies of the extremities (9/16, 56%), and cardiac defects (6/16, 37%). We also observed esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and neural tube defect. The study represents one of the largest cohorts of trisomy 18 from a perinatal center from a developing country and highlights the clinical heterogeneity attributed to trisomy 18. We also report a recurrence of trisomy 18 in a family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangalore S Shravya
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Xie M, Li J, Hu H, Wang P, Cong X, Li J, Dai L, Lu Y, Zhang W. Development and validation of a novel 26-plex system for prenatal diagnosis with forensic markers. Int J Legal Med 2022; 136:527-537. [PMID: 35102446 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are commonly used in forensic casework, such as personal identification and paternity testing. In recent years, STR has also been widely used for rapid, accurate and automated prenatal diagnosis, known as quantitative fluorescent PCR (QF-PCR). Despite their usefulness, the current systems often lack the power to detect mosaicism for Turner syndrome. In this study, we developed a novel 26-plex system that combined the 22 STRs in chromosome 21/18/13/X, 3 sex loci and 1 quality control marker (TAF9L). The system was generated to achieve greater diagnostic power of trisomy 21/18/13 and sex chromosome abnormalities. Studies of the sensitivity, specificity, stability and accuracy were performed according to the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) guidelines. Compared with the results of the chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA)/copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), the detection ratio of non-mosaic chromosome abnormalities of this system in the identification of chromosome 21/18/13/X/Y aneuploidies reached 100%, and the rate of negative results was consistently 100% based on 203 prenatal diagnosis sample analyses. In addition, our results suggested that this panel was a useful tool for mosaicism for Turner syndrome cases. Interestingly, we found one case with large segment loss of chromosome X, which indicated that we should be alert to this situation when the STR genotype of the parent-child is inconsistent in forensic genetics. In summary, this study demonstrated that our system is an accurate, cost-effective and rapid approach for the detection of chromosome numerical abnormalities in prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jienan Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Hu
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xueqi Cong
- Beijing Microread Genetics Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Weishe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Miri MR, Saberzadeh J, Behzad Behbahani A, Tabei MB, Alipour M, Fardaei M. Segmental Duplications as a Complement Strategy to Short Tandem Repeats in the Prenatal Diagnosis of Down Syndrome. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 44:214-219. [PMID: 31182887 PMCID: PMC6525735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative fluorescence-polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) is an inexpensive and accurate method for the prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidies that applies short tandem repeats (STRs) as a chromosome-specific marker. Despite its apparent advantages, QF-PCR is not applicable in all cases due to the presence of uninformative STRs. This study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of a method based on applying segmental duplications (SDs) in conjunction with STRs as an alternative to stand-alone STR-based QF-PCR for the diagnosis of Down syndrome. METHODS Fifty amniotic fluid samples from pregnant women carrying Down syndrome fetuses, 9 amniotic fluid samples with 1 or without any informative STR marker (inconclusive), and 100 normal samples were selected from Shiraz, Iran, between October 2015 and December 2016. Analysis was done using an in-house STR-SD-based multiplex QF-PCR and the results were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc, version 14. RESULTS All the normal, Down syndrome, and inconclusive samples were accurately identified by the STR-SD-based multiplex QF-PCR, yielding 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Karyotype analysis confirmed all the cases with normal or trisomic results. CONCLUSION The STR-SD-based multiplex QF-PCR correctly identified all the normal and trisomy 21 samples regardless of the absence of informative STR markers. The STR-SD-based multiplex QF-PCR is a feasible and particularly useful assay in populations with a high prevalence of homozygote STR markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Miri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Jamileh Saberzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Abbas Behzad Behbahani
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
,Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alipour
- Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Fardaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
,Comprehensive Medical Genetic Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Saiyed N, Bakshi S, Muthuswamy S, Agarwal S. Young mothers and higher incidence of maternal meiosis-I non- disjunction: Interplay of environmental exposure and genetic alterations during halt phase in trisomy 21. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:1-7. [PMID: 29702247 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 21 is a genetic condition caused when chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis. We have studied conventional karyotype and QF-PCR using STR markers with high polymorphism and heterogeneity and the results were analyzed, to determine the paternal and meiotic origin of trisomy 21. This study was conducted using a detailed questionnaire to include: paternal, maternal, clinical and family history for various confounding factors such as age and regional environmental exposures where the parents resided. Out of 120 samples 95% (N = 114) were of maternal origin, including 92% (N = 105) of meiosis 1 errors and 8% (N = 9) meiosis 2 errors. Paternal origin accounted for 5% (N = 6) and were all due to meiosis-I errors. The higher incidence of maternal meiosis-I observed in the present study suggests that human trisomy 21 non-disjunction is a result of multiple factors contributing to the origin of the genetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Saiyed
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, S.G Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Sonal Bakshi
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, S.G Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
| | - Srinivasan Muthuswamy
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
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de Moraes RW, de Carvalho MHB, de Amorim-Filho AG, Francisco RPV, Romão RM, Levi JE, Zugaib M. Validation of QF-PCR for prenatal diagnoses in a Brazilian population. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2017; 72:400-404. [PMID: 28792998 PMCID: PMC5525164 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017(07)02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) is a rapid and reliable method for screening aneuploidies, but in Brazil, it is not used in public services. We investigated the accuracy of QF-PCR for the prenatal recognition of common aneuploidies and compared these results with cytogenetic results in our laboratory. METHOD: A ChromoQuant QF-PCR kit containing 24 primer pairs targeting loci on chromosomes 21, 13, 18, X and Y was employed to identify aneuploidies of the referred chromosomes. RESULTS: A total of 162 amniotic fluid samples analyzed using multiplex QF-PCR were compared with karyotyping analysis. The QF-PCR results were consistent with the results of cytogenetic analysis in 95.4% of all samples. CONCLUSION: QF-PCR was demonstrated to be efficient and reliable for prenatal aneuploidy screening. This study suggests that QF-PCR can be used as a rapid diagnostic method. However, rearrangements and some mosaic samples cannot be detected with this test; thus, those exceptions must undergo cytogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Wendel de Moraes
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - Antonio Gomes de Amorim-Filho
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - Renata Moscolini Romão
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | | | - Marcelo Zugaib
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
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Muthuswamy S, Agarwal S. Segmental Duplication QF-PCR: A Simple and Alternative Method of Rapid Aneuploidy Testing for Developing Country Like India. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 31. [PMID: 27580119 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneuploidy screening is becoming an integral part of routine prenatal screening in developing countries like India, and the need for more cheaper and rapid aneuploidy testing methods are required to relive the anxiety and financial burden among the high-risk couples. Segmental duplication quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (SD-QF-PCR) emerged as an alternative aneuploidy diagnostic method. METHODS This study was conducted to optimize and access the utility of SD-QF-PCR in routine prenatal diagnosis to complement existing short tandem repeats (STR) based QF-PCR. About 50 control samples, 50 Down's syndrome samples, and one each trisomy 18 and Klinefelter samples were studied to optimize the assay. Later, 100 amniotic fluid samples were also studied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The assay was able to successfully identify normal and aneuploidy samples with 100% sensitivity and specificity. The results of amniotic fluid analysis by SD-QF-PCR were in agreement with results of STR-QF-PCR. Observed results qualify SD-QF-PCR as a preliminary aneuploidy diagnosis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Muthuswamy
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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