1
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Rac M. Synthesis and Regulation of miRNA, Its Role in Oncogenesis, and Its Association with Colorectal Cancer Progression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1450. [PMID: 39001340 PMCID: PMC11241650 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of several types of regulators, including miRNAs, has recently attracted scientific attention for their role in cancer-associated changes in gene expression. MiRNAs are small RNAs of ~22 nt in length that do not encode protein information but play an important role in post-transcriptional mRNA regulation. Studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in tumour progression, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumour angiogenesis and invasion, and play a complex and important role in the regulation of tumourigenesis. The detection of selected miRNAs may help in the early detection of cancer cells, and monitoring changes in their expression profile may serve as a prognostic factor in the course of the disease or its treatment. MiRNAs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence for an epigenetic interaction between DNA methylation and miRNA expression in tumours. This article provides an overview of selected miRNAs, which are more frequently expressed in colorectal cancer cells, suggesting an oncogenic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rac
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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2
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Song Y, Zhang H, Geng J, Chen H, Bo Y, Lu X. Clotrimazole inhibits growth of multiple myeloma cells in vitro via G0/G1 arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15406. [PMID: 38965397 PMCID: PMC11224322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience relapse and drug resistance; therefore, novel treatments are essential. Clotrimazole (CTZ) is a wide-spectrum antifungal drug with antitumor activity. However, CTZ's effects on MM are unclear. We investigated CTZ's effect on MM cell proliferation and apoptosis induction mechanisms. CTZ's effects on MM.1S, NCI- H929, KMS-11, and U266 cell growth were investigated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptotic cell percentage was quantified with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/7-amino actinomycin D staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell cycle progression were evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured via fluorescence microscopy. Expression of apoptosis-related and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling proteins was analyzed using western blotting. The CCK-8 assay indicated that CTZ inhibited cell proliferation based on both dose and exposure time. Flow cytometry revealed that CTZ decreased apoptosis and MMP and induced G0/G1 arrest. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that CTZ dose-dependently elevated in both total and mitochondrial ROS production. Western blotting showed that CTZ enhanced Bax and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase and caspase-3 while decreasing Bcl-2, p-p65, and p-IκBα. Therefore, CTZ inhibits MM cell proliferation by promoting ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis, inducing G0/G1 arrest, inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, and has the potential for treating MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Jie Geng
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Yang Bo
- Department of Hematology, Second Medical Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xuechun Lu
- Department of Hematology, Second Medical Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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3
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Letafati A, Taghiabadi Z, Zafarian N, Tajdini R, Mondeali M, Aboofazeli A, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Jazayeri SM. Emerging paradigms: unmasking the role of oxidative stress in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:30. [PMID: 38956668 PMCID: PMC11218399 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the human papillomavirus (HPV) to cancer is significant but not exclusive, as carcinogenesis involves complex mechanisms, notably oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and HPV can independently cause genome instability and DNA damage, contributing to tumorigenesis. Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, especially double-strand breaks, aids in the integration of HPV into the host genome and promotes the overexpression of two viral proteins, E6 and E7. Lifestyle factors, including diet, smoking, alcohol, and psychological stress, along with genetic and epigenetic modifications, and viral oncoproteins may influence oxidative stress, impacting the progression of HPV-related cancers. This review highlights various mechanisms in oxidative-induced HPV-mediated carcinogenesis, including altered mitochondrial morphology and function leading to elevated ROS levels, modulation of antioxidant enzymes like Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), induction of chronic inflammatory environments, and activation of specific cell signaling pathways like the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Protein kinase B, Mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and the Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. The study highlights the significance of comprehending and controlling oxidative stress in preventing and treating cancer. We suggested that incorporating dietary antioxidants and targeting cancer cells through mechanisms involving ROS could be potential interventions to mitigate the impact of oxidative stress on HPV-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghiabadi
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Zafarian
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roxana Tajdini
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Mondeali
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Aboofazeli
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Liu T, Wang C, Xia Z. Overexpressed FKBP5 mediates colorectal cancer progression and sensitivity to FK506 treatment via the NF-κB signaling pathway. FEBS J 2024; 291:3128-3146. [PMID: 38602236 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and deadly tumor. FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) is associated with some cancers, but the role of FKBP5 in CRC is not clear. The present study aimed to reveal the relationship between FKBP5 and CRC and to uncover the roles of FK506 in CRC. In total, 96 CRC patients were recruited. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and COX regression analyses. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to explore the functions of FKBP5. The mechanisms of FKBP5 and the roles of FK506 in CRC progression were clarified by immunohistochemistry, MTS, scratch assay, transwell and flow cytometric analyses via in vitro and in vivo experiments. FKBP5 was overexpressed in 77 cancer tissues compared to that in matched normal tissues, and the overall survival rate of these patients was relatively shorter. Bioinformatics analyses showed that FKBP5 regulates proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. The upregulation or downregulation of FKBP5 dramatically increases or decreases the proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of CRC cells. The expression of NF-κB, inhibitor B kinase α, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 positively correlated with FKBP5. FK506 inhibits the progression of CRC via the FKBP5/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study identified a regulatory role for FKBP5 in CRC progression. Therefore, targeting FKBP5 may provide a novel treatment approach for CRC. FK506 can inhibit the progression of CRC by restraining the FKBP5/NF-κB signaling pathway and is expected to become a new drug for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Changliang Wang
- The People's Procuratorate of Liaoning Province, Judicial Authentication Center, Shenyang, China
- Collaborative Laboratory of Intelligentized Forensic Science (CLIFS), Shenyang, China
| | - Zhixiu Xia
- Colorectal Tumor Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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5
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McKenzie M, Lian GY, Pennel KA, Quinn JA, Jamieson NB, Edwards J. NFκB signalling in colorectal cancer: Examining the central dogma of IKKα and IKKβ signalling. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32904. [PMID: 38975078 PMCID: PMC11226910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The NFκB pathway, known as the central regulator of inflammation, has a well-established role in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Due to the pathway's overarching roles in CRC, there have been efforts to characterise NFκB family members and target the pathway for therapeutic intervention. Initial research illustrated that the canonical NFκB pathway, driven by central kinase IKKβ, was a promising target for drug intervention. However, dose limiting toxicities and specificity concerns have resulted in failure of IKKβ inhibitors in clinical trials. The field has turned to look at targeting the less dominant kinase, IKKα, which along with NFκB inducing kinase (NIK), drives the lesser researched non-canonical NFκB pathway. However prognostic studies of the non-canonical pathway have produced conflicting results. There is emerging evidence that IKKα is involved in other signalling pathways, which lie outside of canonical and non-canonical NFκB signalling. Evidence suggests that some of these alternative pathways involve a truncated form of IKKα, and this may drive poor cancer-specific survival in CRC. This review aims to explore the multiple components of NFκB signalling, highlighting that NIK may be the central kinase for non-canonical NFκB signalling, and that IKKα is involved in novel pathways which promote CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly McKenzie
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Guang-Yu Lian
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Kathryn A.F. Pennel
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Jean A. Quinn
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Nigel B. Jamieson
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
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6
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Martínez-Pérez J, Torrado C, Domínguez-Cejudo MA, Valladares-Ayerbes M. Targeted Treatment against Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6220. [PMID: 38892410 PMCID: PMC11172446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (SC) theory proposes that a population of SCs serves as the driving force behind fundamental tumor processes, including metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to therapy. The standard of care for patients with stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) includes surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Fluoropyrimidines and their combination with oxaliplatin increased the cure rates, being able to eradicate the occult metastatic SC in a fraction of patients. The treatment for unresectable metastatic CRC is based on chemotherapy, antibodies to VEGF and EGFR, and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Immunotherapy is used in MSI-H tumors. Currently used drugs target dividing cells and, while often effective at debulking tumor mass, these agents have largely failed to cure metastatic disease. SCs are generated either due to genetic and epigenetic alterations in stem/progenitor cells or to the dedifferentiation of somatic cells where diverse signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, TGF-β/SMAD, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, DNA damage response, and Hippo-YAP play a key role. Anti-neoplastic treatments could be improved by elimination of SCs, becoming an attractive target for the design of novel agents. Here, we present a review of clinical trials assessing the efficacy of targeted treatment focusing on these pathways in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Martínez-Pérez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Carlos Torrado
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - María A. Domínguez-Cejudo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Manuel Valladares-Ayerbes
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
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7
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Zhang S, Yu G, Ping M, Du Q, Guo X. Effects of aerobic exercise on myocardial injury, NF-B expression, glucolipid metabolism and inflammatory factors in rats with coronary heart disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100386. [PMID: 38815541 PMCID: PMC11177061 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of aerobic exercise on myocardial injury, NF-B expression, glucolipid metabolism and inflammatory factors in rats with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and explore the possible causative role. METHODS 45 Sprague Dawley® rats were randomized into model, control and experimental groups. A high-fat diet was adopted for generating a rat CHD model, and the experimental group was given a 4-week aerobic exercise intervention. ECG was utilized to evaluate the cardiac function of the rats; HE staining to evaluate the damage of myocardial tissue; TUNEL staining to evaluate cardiomyocyte apoptosis level; ELISA to assay the contents of inflammatory factors and glucolipid metabolism in cardiomyocytes; qPCR to assay IB- and NF-B mRNA expression; Western-blot to assay the apoptosis-related proteins and NF-B signaling pathway-related proteins expressions in myocardial tissue. RESULTS In contrast to the model group, aerobic exercise strongly improved the rat's cardiac function and glucolipid metabolism (p < 0.01), enhanced IL-10 content, Bcl-2/Bax level as well as IB- protein and mRNA expression (p < 0.01), and reduced myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, the contents of IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-, Caspase 3 level, NF-B mRNA and protein expression and p-p38 and p-STAT3 expressions (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise can not only effectively reduce myocardial injury, the release of inflammatory factors and NF-B expression in CHD rats, but also improve cardiac function and glucolipid metabolism. Its mechanism is likely to be related to the inhibition of the NF-B signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Guohui Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Maohua Ping
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
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8
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Turizo-Smith AD, Córdoba-Hernandez S, Mejía-Guarnizo LV, Monroy-Camacho PS, Rodríguez-García JA. Inflammation and cancer: friend or foe? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1385479. [PMID: 38799159 PMCID: PMC11117078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1385479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of pathologies like neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, since tumor development and chronic inflammation are linked, sharing common signaling pathways. At least 20% of breast and colorectal cancers are associated with chronic inflammation triggered by infections, irritants, or autoimmune diseases. Obesity, chronic inflammation, and cancer interconnection underscore the importance of population-based interventions in maintaining healthy body weight, to disrupt this axis. Given that the dietary inflammatory index is correlated with an increased risk of cancer, adopting an anti-inflammatory diet supplemented with nutraceuticals may be useful for cancer prevention. Natural products and their derivatives offer promising antitumor activity with favorable adverse effect profiles; however, the development of natural bioactive drugs is challenging due to their variability and complexity, requiring rigorous research processes. It has been shown that combining anti-inflammatory products, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and statins, with plant-derived products demonstrate clinical utility as accessible adjuvants to traditional therapeutic approaches, with known safety profiles. Pharmacological approaches targeting multiple proteins involved in inflammation and cancer pathogenesis emerge as a particularly promising option. Given the systemic and multifactorial nature of inflammation, comprehensive strategies are essential for long term success in cancer therapy. To gain insights into carcinogenic phenomena and discover diagnostic or clinically relevant biomarkers, is pivotal to understand genetic variability, environmental exposure, dietary habits, and TME composition, to establish therapeutic approaches based on molecular and genetic analysis. Furthermore, the use of endocannabinoid, cannabinoid, and prostamide-type compounds as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers requires further investigation. This review aims to elucidate the role of specific etiological agents and mediators contributing to persistent inflammatory reactions in tumor development. It explores potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, emphasizing the urgent need for cost-effective approaches to address cancer-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés David Turizo-Smith
- Doctorado en Oncología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Semillero de Investigación en Cannabis y Derivados (SICAD), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Samantha Córdoba-Hernandez
- Semillero de Investigación en Cannabis y Derivados (SICAD), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lidy Vannessa Mejía-Guarnizo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Maestría en Ciencias, Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
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9
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Wang S, Sun Y, Li C, Chong Y, Ai M, Wang Y, Shi H, Shang Y. TH1L involvement in colorectal cancer pathogenesis by regulation of CCL20 through the NF-κB signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18391. [PMID: 38809918 PMCID: PMC11135906 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
TH1L (also known as NELF-C/D) is a member of the Negative Elongation Factor (NELF) complex, which is a metazoan-specific factor that regulates RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) pausing and transcription elongation. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of TH1L in cancer progression are still largely unknown. In this study, we found that TH1L was highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and the faeces of CRC patients. Overexpression of TH1L significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of CRC cells, while its knockdown markedly suppressed these processes. In mechanism, RNA sequencing revealed that CCL20 was upregulated in TH1L-overexpressed CRC cells, leading to activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. Rescue assays showed that knockdown of CCL20 could impair the tumour-promoting effects of THIL in CRC cells. Taken together, these results suggest that TH1L may play a vital role via the CCL20/NF-κB signalling pathway in CRC proliferation and migration and may serve as a potential target for diagnosis and therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeking University International HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chunya Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yueyang Chong
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, The MED‐X InstituteThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi‘an Jiaotong UniversityXi‘anChina
| | - Meihong Ai
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanxia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Haiyun Shi
- Department of GastroenterologyBeijing Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
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Cheng HP, Bao XW, Luo YY, Li YH, Zhou Y, Hua QZ, Qiu YJ, Liang XY, Huang YH, Liu W, Tang SY, Feng DD, Li C, Luo ZQ. Sulfasalazine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 169:106530. [PMID: 38246263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) has a high mortality rate and incidence of complications. The pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS is still not fully understood. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of ALI has been widely used to study human ALI/ARDS. Sulfasalazine (SASP) has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and is used for treating inflammatory bowel and rheumatic diseases. However, the effect of SASP on LPS-induced ALI in mice has not yet been reported. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of SASP on LPS-induced ALI in mice. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with SASP 2 h before or 4 h after LPS modeling. Pulmonary pathological damage was measured based on inflammatory factor expression (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels) in the lung tissue homogenate and alveolar lavage fluid. The production of inflammatory cytokines and occurrence of oxidative stress in the lungs induced by LPS were significantly mitigated after the prophylactic and long-term therapeutic administration of SASP, which ameliorated ALI caused by LPS. SASP reduced both the production of inflammatory cytokines and occurrence of oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells, which respond to LPS. Moreover, its mechanism contributed to the suppression of NF-κB and nuclear translocation. In summary, SASP treatment ameliorates LPS-induced ALI by mediating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may be attributed to the inhibition of NF-κB activation and promotion of antioxidant defenses. Thus, SASP may be a promising pharmacologic agent for ALI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xing-Wen Bao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Yu Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang-Hang Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing-Zhong Hua
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Jia Qiu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Yue Liang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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11
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Xiang Y, Si L, Zheng Y, Wang H. Shikonin enhances chemosensitivity of oral cancer through β-catenin pathway. Oral Dis 2024; 30:433-447. [PMID: 36453015 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study concentrates on exploring the synergistic effect of shikonin on cisplatin against oral cancer. METHODS To analyze the IC50 value of shikonin, gradient concentrations of shikonin were added to the oral cancer cell culture medium. After the cisplatin-resistant cell line was established, the effects of cisplatin and shikonin on the survival rate, proliferation, apoptosis and related pathway protein expression of common/drug-resistant oral cancer cells were compared through MTT, clone formation, flow cytometry, and Western blot experiments. β-catenin, which had the most significant expression changes, was overexpressed and silenced, and used to design a reverse validation. RESULTS Shikonin inhibited the viability of oral cancer cells. Although cisplatin killed some cancer cells, its effect on drug-resistant cancer cells was significantly reduced. The addition of shikonin enhanced the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to cisplatin. Shikonin regulated key proteins in cell proliferation and apoptosis-related pathways. Among them, shikonin generated the most evident inhibitory effect on β-catenin. Therefore, β-catenin overexpression plasmid/siβ-catenin was transfected into the cells. Silenced β-catenin was found to reinforce the damaging effect of cisplatin on cancer cells, and overexpressed β-catenin reversed the effect of shikonin. CONCLUSION By down-regulating β-catenin expression, shikonin improves the sensitivity of drug-resistant oral cancer cells to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lujie Si
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Lakra DS, B P, N D, T D, G K, N RP. Chemosensitizing potential of andrographolide in P-glycoprotein overexpressing multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:941-946. [PMID: 37144420 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2208261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a major role in the efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs and significantly limits chemotherapy efficacy. Chemosensitizers augment the therapeutic effects of anticancer agents by overcoming drug resistance mechanisms. In this study, the chemosensitizing property of andrographolide (Andro) in P-gp overexpressing multidrug-resistant (MDR) colchicine-selected KBChR 8-5 cells was evaluated. Molecular docking studies showed Andro exhibits higher binding interaction with P-gp than the other two ABC-transporters studied. Further, it inhibits P-gp transport function in a concentration dependant manner in the colchicine-selected KBChR 8-5 cells. Moreover, Andro downregulates P-gp overexpression via NF-κB signaling in these MDR cell lines. MTT-based cell-based assay illustrates that Andro treatment augments the PTX effect in the KBChR 8-5 cells. Further, the Andro plus PTX combination showed enhanced apoptotic cell death in KBChR 8-5 cells compared with PTX alone treatment. Therefore, the results showed that Andro enhances PTX therapeutic effect in the drug-resistant KBChR 8-5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Swati Lakra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradhapsingh B
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepika N
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanalakshmi T
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanimozhi G
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad N
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Kadamani KL, Logan SM, Pamenter ME. Does hypometabolism constrain innate immune defense? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14091. [PMID: 38288574 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Many animals routinely make energetic trade-offs to adjust to environmental demands and these trade-offs often have significant implications for survival. For example, environmental hypoxia is commonly experienced by many organisms and is an energetically challenging condition because reduced oxygen availability constrains aerobic energy production, which can be lethal. Many hypoxia-tolerant species downregulate metabolic demands when oxygen is limited; however, certain physiological functions are obligatory and must be maintained despite the need to conserve energy in hypoxia. Of particular interest is immunity (including both constitutive and induced immune functions) because mounting an immune response is among the most energetically expensive physiological processes but maintaining immune function is critical for survival in most environments. Intriguingly, physiological responses to hypoxia and pathogens share key molecular regulators such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, through which hypoxia can directly activate an immune response. This raises an interesting question: do hypoxia-tolerant species mount an immune response during periods of hypoxia-induced hypometabolism? Unfortunately, surprisingly few studies have examined interactions between immunity and hypometabolism in such species. Therefore, in this review, we consider mechanistic interactions between metabolism and immunity, as well as energetic trade-offs between these two systems, in hypoxia-tolerant animals but also in other models of hypometabolism, including neonates and hibernators. Specifically, we explore the hypothesis that such species have blunted immune responses in hypometabolic conditions and/or use alternative immune pathways when in a hypometabolic state. Evidence to date suggests that hypoxia-tolerant animals do maintain immunity in low oxygen conditions, but that the sensitivity of immune responses may be blunted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Kadamani
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha M Logan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew E Pamenter
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Cheng FE, Li Z, Bai X, Jing Y, Zhang J, Shi X, Li T, Li W. Investigation on the mechanism of the combination of eremias multiocellata and cisplatin in reducing chemoresistance of gastric cancer based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3386-3403. [PMID: 38345573 PMCID: PMC10929809 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the important chemotherapy drugs for patients with advanced gastric cancer and metastasis, but its resistance is a bottleneck problem that affects clinical efficacy and patient survival. Eremias multiocellata (EM) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used in the treatment of precancerous lesions, gastric cancer, liver fibrosis, and other digestive diseases. However, the mechanism of reducing chemotherapy resistance to gastric cancer is still unclear. METHODS We used the MTT assay to evaluate the proliferative viability of gastric cancer parental cell line MKN45 and its drug-resistant cell line MKN45/DDP, and compared their drug-resistance indices. The migration and invasion abilities of MKN45/DDP drug-resistant cells were evaluated using the Transwell assay. Apoptosis in MKN45/DDP drug-resistant cells was detected using flow cytometry. The effect of a combination of EM and cisplatin on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells was detected using ROS fluorescent probes and a lipid peroxidation assay kit in conjunction with flow cytometry. The effect of EM combined with cisplatin on the level of iron ions was detected by fluorescence probe and confocal laser technique. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) was used to detect the histopathologic morphology of drug-resistant gastric cancer in nude mice. Ferroptosis-related proteins were measured using immunohistochemistry. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect tumor drug resistance-related genes. The NF-κB/Snail pathway-related proteins, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins, and drug resistance-related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that EM combined with DDP could effectively inhibit the migration and invasive ability of MKN45/DDP cells, as well as induce apoptosis of MKN45/DDP cells; the combination of the two drugs could significantly increase the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation and divalent ferric ions in MKN45/DDP cells, at the same time reducing the levels of Ferroptosis-related proteins, which could induce Ferroptosis. In addition, EM combined with DDP can also exert the effect of reversing DDP resistance and increasing the sensitivity of gastric cancer drug-resistant cells to DDP by regulating the NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and the expression of drug resistance-related proteins and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-e Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xing Bai
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, Tianjin, China
| | - Junfei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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15
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He Y, Shi Q, Ling Y, Guo H, Fei Y, Wu R, Tang C, Zhang X, Yao L. ABLIM1, a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase, promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer through targeting IĸBα ubiquitination and activating NF-ĸB signaling. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:203-216. [PMID: 38228802 PMCID: PMC10850134 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01256-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Actin-binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1), a member of the LIM-domain protein family, has been reported as a suppressor in several tumors whereas its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. In this study, we find that ABLIM1 is up-regulated in CRC patients and high levels of ABLIM1 predict short disease-free survival time. Knock-down of ABLIM1 in CRC cell lines by lenti-virus leads to inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities in vitro and impaired growth of tumor xenografts and liver metastasis lesions in vivo, while ABLIM1 overexpression accelerates tumor growth and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we uncover that ABLIM1 activates the NF-ĸB/CCL-20 signaling through modulating IĸBα ubiquitination and proteasomal-mediated degradation. Further co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo and in vitro ubiquitination assays reveal ABLIM1 as a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase binding to IĸBα. Interestingly, The E3 ligase catalysis activity of ABLIM1 depends on its 402-778aa rather than its LIM domains and its interaction with IĸBα relies on the HP domain. Our findings delineate the oncogenic role of ABLIM1 in CRC progression and reveal it as a novel E3 ligase targeting IĸBα, providing new insights into the regulation of NF-ĸB signaling in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Shi
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhang Ling
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Fei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoyu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xilin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Linhua Yao
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Nwaokorie A, Kolch W, Fey D. A Systems Biology Approach to Understand the Racial Disparities in Colorectal Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:103-117. [PMID: 38051091 PMCID: PMC10785768 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Racial disparities between Black/African Americans (AA) and White patients in colorectal cancer are an ever-growing area of concern. Black/AA show the highest incidence and have the highest mortality among major U.S. racial groups. There is no definite cause other than possible sociodemographic, socioeconomic, education, nutrition, delivery of healthcare, screening, and cultural factors. A primary limitation in this field is the lack of and small sample size of Black/AA studies. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether differences in gene expression contribute to this ongoing unanswered racial disparity issue. In this study, we examined transcriptomic data of Black/AA and White patient cohorts using a bioinformatic and systems biology approach. We performed a Kaplan-Meier overall survival analysis between both patient cohorts across critical colorectal cancer signal transduction networks (STN), to determine the differences in significant genes across each cohort. Other bioinformatic analyses performed included PROGENy (pathway responsive genes for activity inference), RNA sequencing differential expression using DESeq2, multivariable-adjusted regression, and other associated Kaplan-Meier analyses. These analyses identified novel prognostic genes independent from each cohort, 176 differentially expressed genes, and specific patient cohort STN survival associations. Despite the overarching limitation, the results revealed several novel differences in gene expression between the colorectal cancer Black/AA and White patient cohorts, which allows one to dive deeper into and understand the behavior on a systems level of what could be driving this racial difference across colorectal cancer. Concretely, this information can guide precision medicine approaches tailored specifically for colorectal cancer racial disparities. SIGNIFICANCE The purpose of this work is to investigate the racial disparities in colorectal cancer between Black/AA and White patient cohorts using a systems biology and bioinformatic approach. Our study investigates the underlying biology of each patient cohort. Concretely, the findings of this study include disparity-associated genes and pathways, which provide a tangible starting point to guide precision medicine approaches tailored specifically for colorectal cancer racial disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Nwaokorie
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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17
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He C, Lin Y, Qiu F, Zeng Q. Increased PKN2 and M2-Polarized Macrophages Promote HCT116 Cell Invasion. Crit Rev Immunol 2024; 44:13-21. [PMID: 38505918 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023052095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant tumor, with highly invasive and metastatic potential in the later stage. This study investigated the role of PKN2 overexpression and M2-polarized macrophages in dictating the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line with PKN2 overexpression was generated to investigate the functional role of PKN2. THP-1 cells were polarized into M2-like macrophages, and the co-culture system of THP-1/M2 cells and HCT116 cells was established to examine the impacts of M2-polairzed macrophages on the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. PKN2 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, and reduced spontaneous cell death in the cell culture. Besides, the presence of M2-polarized THP-1 cells significantly enhanced the aggressive phenotype of HCT116 cells. Both PKN2 overexpression and M2-polarized THP-1 cells increased the expression of NF-κB p65 in HCT116 cells, indicating that enhanced NF-κB signaling may contribute to the augmented aggressiveness of HCT116 cells. These findings suggest PKN2 as an oncogenic factor in colorectal cancer and that M2-polarized THP-1 cells may promote the progression of colorectal cancer by activating NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China
| | - Yimei Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fuqing City Hospital, Fuqing 350300, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China
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18
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Alipourgivi F, Motolani A, Qiu AY, Qiang W, Yang GY, Chen S, Lu T. Genetic Alterations of NF-κB and Its Regulators: A Rich Platform to Advance Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:154. [PMID: 38203325 PMCID: PMC10779007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States, with an estimated 52,000 deaths in 2023. Though significant progress has been made in both diagnosis and treatment of CRC in recent years, genetic heterogeneity of CRC-the culprit for possible CRC relapse and drug resistance, is still an insurmountable challenge. Thus, developing more effective therapeutics to overcome this challenge in new CRC treatment strategies is imperative. Genetic and epigenetic changes are well recognized to be responsible for the stepwise development of CRC malignancy. In this review, we focus on detailed genetic alteration information about the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling, including both NF-κB family members, and their regulators, such as protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), and outer dynein arm docking complex subunit 2 (ODAD2, also named armadillo repeat-containing 4, ARMC4), etc., in CRC patients. Moreover, we provide deep insight into different CRC research models, with a particular focus on patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and organoid models, and their potential applications in CRC research. Genetic alterations on NF-κB signaling components are estimated to be more than 50% of the overall genetic changes identified in CRC patients collected by cBioportal for Cancer Genomics; thus, emphasizing its paramount importance in CRC progression. Consequently, various genetic alterations on NF-κB signaling may hold great promise for novel therapeutic development in CRC. Future endeavors may focus on utilizing CRC models (e.g., PDX or organoids, or isogenic human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived colonic cells, or human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC)-derived colonic organoids, etc.) to further uncover the underpinning mechanism of these genetic alterations in NF-κB signaling in CRC progression. Moreover, establishing platforms for drug discovery in dishes, and developing Biobanks, etc., may further pave the way for the development of innovative personalized medicine to treat CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Alipourgivi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (F.A.); (A.M.)
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Aishat Motolani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (F.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Alice Y. Qiu
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; (A.Y.Q.); (W.Q.)
| | - Wenan Qiang
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; (A.Y.Q.); (W.Q.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (F.A.); (A.M.)
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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19
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Guven O, Sever B, Başoğlu-Ünal F, Ece A, Tateishi H, Koga R, Radwan MO, Demir N, Can M, Dilsiz Aytemir M, Inoue JI, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Ciftci H, DeMirci H. Structural Characterization of TRAF6 N-Terminal for Therapeutic Uses and Computational Studies on New Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1608. [PMID: 38004473 PMCID: PMC10674494 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are a protein family with a wide variety of roles and binding partners. Among them, TRAF6, a ubiquitin ligase, possesses unique receptor binding specificity and shows diverse functions in immune system regulation, cellular signaling, central nervous system, and tumor formation. TRAF6 consists of an N-terminal Really Interesting New Gene (RING) domain, multiple zinc fingers, and a C-terminal TRAF domain. TRAF6 is an important therapeutic target for various disorders and structural studies of this protein are crucial for the development of next-generation therapeutics. Here, we presented a TRAF6 N-terminal structure determined at the Turkish light source "Turkish DeLight" to be 3.2 Å resolution at cryogenic temperature (PDB ID: 8HZ2). This structure offers insight into the domain organization and zinc-binding, which are critical for protein function. Since the RING domain and the zinc fingers are key targets for TRAF6 therapeutics, structural insights are crucial for future research. Separately, we rationally designed numerous new compounds and performed molecular docking studies using this template (PDB ID:8HZ2). According to the results, 10 new compounds formed key interactions with essential residues and zinc ion in the N-terminal region of TRAF6. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed for 300 ns to evaluate the stability of three docked complexes (compounds 256, 322, and 489). Compounds 256 and 489 was found to possess favorable bindings with TRAF6. These new compounds also showed moderate to good pharmacokinetic profiles, making them potential future drug candidates as TRAF6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omur Guven
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
| | - Belgin Sever
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Faika Başoğlu-Ünal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, European University of Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10, Mersin 99770, Turkey;
| | - Abdulilah Ece
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey;
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
| | - Ryoko Koga
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
| | - Mohamed O. Radwan
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
| | - Nefise Demir
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey;
| | - Mustafa Can
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Engineering Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey;
| | - Mutlu Dilsiz Aytemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir 35620, Turkey;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 6100, Turkey
| | - Jun-ichiro Inoue
- Research Platform Office, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
| | - Halilibrahim Ciftci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (B.S.); (H.T.); (R.K.); (M.O.); (M.F.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Hasan DeMirci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
- Koc University Isbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Koc University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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20
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Alshahrani SH, Al-Hadeithi ZSM, Almalki SG, Malviya J, Hjazi A, Mustafa YF, Alawady AHR, Alsaalamy AH, Joshi SK, Alkhafaji AT. LncRNA-miRNA interaction is involved in colorectal cancer pathogenesis by modulating diverse signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154898. [PMID: 37924797 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs function as molecular sponges for miRNAs to control their availability for targeting mRNA molecules. This procedure indirectly regulates the expression of cancer-related genes. Some lncRNAs also directly interact with miRNAs, leading to their degradation or sequestration, which can negatively impact gene expression. miRNAs, on the other hand, play a critical role in controlling the expression of genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Multiple types of cancer have been linked to the onset and progression of miRNA dysregulation. Even though there is a lot of potential for treating CRC by targeting the LncRNA-miRNA axis, several challenges remain to be overcome. The specificity of the targeting approach, delivery methods, resistance, safety, and cost-effectiveness are critical research areas that must be addressed to advance this field and improve treatment outcomes for people with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jitendra Malviya
- Department of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences, IES University Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hussien Radie Alawady
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Hashiem Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - S K Joshi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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21
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Wu Y, Luo J, Xu B. Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Study of Geniposide Regulating Oxidative Stress in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15222. [PMID: 37894904 PMCID: PMC10607277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the mechanism of geniposide regulating oxidative stress in colorectal cancer (CRC) through network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis. Targets of geniposide, oxidative stress-related targets and targets related to CRC were applied from databases. The hub genes for geniposide regulating oxidative stress in CRC were identified with the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Furthermore, we applied Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment to analyze the hub genes from a macro perspective. We verified the hub genes by molecular docking, GEPIA, HPA and starBase database. We identified five hub genes: IL1B, GSK3B, NOS3, RELA and CDK4. GO analysis results suggested that the anti-colorectal cancer effect of geniposide by regulating oxidative stress is possibly related to the influence of multiple biological processes, including response to temperature stimulus, response to alkaloid, nitric oxide biosynthetic process, nitric oxide metabolic process, reactive nitrogen species metabolic process, cellular response to peptide, etc. KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway are likely to be the significant pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the geniposide had a good binding activity with the hub genes. This study demonstrates that geniposide can regulate oxidative stress in CRC, and induction of oxidative stress is one of the possible mechanisms of anti-recurrence and metastasis effects of geniposide against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baojun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory IRADS, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
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22
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Morris MT, Jain A, Sun B, Kurbatov V, Muca E, Zeng Z, Jin Y, Roper J, Lu J, Paty PB, Johnson CH, Khan SA. Multi-omic analysis reveals metabolic pathways that characterize right-sided colon cancer liver metastasis. Cancer Lett 2023; 574:216384. [PMID: 37716465 PMCID: PMC10620771 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
There are well demonstrated differences in tumor cell metabolism between right sided (RCC) and left sided (LCC) colon cancer, which could underlie the robust differences observed in their clinical behavior, particularly in metastatic disease. As such, we utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to perform an untargeted metabolomics analysis comparing frozen liver metastasis (LM) biobank samples derived from patients with RCC (N = 32) and LCC (N = 58) to further elucidate the unique biology of each. We also performed an untargeted RNA-seq and subsequent network analysis on samples derived from an overlapping subset of patients (RCC: N = 10; LCC: N = 18). Our biobank redemonstrates the inferior survival of patients with RCC-derived LM (P = 0.04), a well-established finding. Our metabolomic results demonstrate increased reactive oxygen species associated metabolites and bile acids in RCC. Conversely, carnitines, indicators of fatty acid oxidation, are relatively increased in LCC. The transcriptomic analysis implicates increased MEK-ERK, PI3K-AKT and Transcription Growth Factor Beta signaling in RCC LM. Our multi-omic analysis reveals several key differences in cellular physiology which taken together may be relevant to clinical differences in tumor behavior between RCC and LCC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montana T Morris
- Department of Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Abhishek Jain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Boshi Sun
- Department of Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Vadim Kurbatov
- Department of Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Engjel Muca
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zhaoshi Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Jatin Roper
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Duke University School of Medicine, 124 Davison Building, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06378, USA
| | - Philip B Paty
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Sajid A Khan
- Department of Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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23
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Shah MA, Abuzar SM, Ilyas K, Qadees I, Bilal M, Yousaf R, Kassim RMT, Rasul A, Saleem U, Alves MS, Khan H, Blundell R, Jeandet P. Ginsenosides in cancer: Targeting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110634. [PMID: 37451663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of extensive clinical research and novel therapeutic treatments, cancer remains undefeated and the significant cause of death worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which growth of cells goes out of control, being also able to invade other parts of the body. Cellular division is strictly controlled by multiple checkpoints like G1/S and G2/M which, when dysregulated, lead to uncontrollable cell division. The current remedies which are being utilized to combat cancer are monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, cryoablation, and bone marrow transplant etc. and these have also been greatly disheartening because of their serious adverse effects like hypotension, neuropathy, necrosis, leukemia relapse and many more. Bioactive compounds derived from natural products have marked the history of the development of novel drug therapies against cancer among which ginsenosides have no peer as they target several signaling pathways, which when abnormally regulated, lead to cancer. Substantial research has reported that ginsenosides like Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg3, Rh2 etc. can prevent and treat cancer by targeting different pathways and molecules by induction of autophagy, neutralizing ROS, induction of cancerous cell death by controlling the p53 pathway, modulation of miRNAs by decreasing Smad2 expression, regulating Bcl-2 expression by normalizing the NF-Kb pathway, inhibition of inflammatory pathways by decreasing the production of cytokines like IL-8, causing cell cycle arrest by restricting cyclin E1 and CDC2, and induction of apoptosis during malignancy by decreasing β-catenin levels etc. In this review, we have analyzed the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of various ginsenoside compounds in order to consider their possible use in new strategies in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Muhammad Abuzar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Ilyas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irtaza Qadees
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Momna Bilal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080 Imsida, Malta
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- University of Reims, Research Unit Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection USC INRAe 1488 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 51100, Reims, France.
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24
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Oravetz K, Todea AV, Balacescu O, Cruceriu D, Rakosy-Tican E. Potential antitumor activity of garlic against colorectal cancer: focus on the molecular mechanisms of action. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2347-2363. [PMID: 37140645 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review is to highlight the potential of garlic phytoconstituents as antitumor agents in colorectal cancer management based on their molecular mechanisms of action, while asking if their consumption, as part of the human diet, might contribute to the prevention of colorectal cancer. METHODS To gather information on appropriate in vitro, in vivo and human observational studies on this topic, the keywords "Allium sativum", "garlic", "colorectal cancer", "antitumor effect", "in vitro", "in vivo", "garlic consumption" and "colorectal cancer risk" were searched in different combinations in the international databases ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar. After duplicate and reviews removal, 61 research articles and meta-analyses published between 2000 and 2022 in peer-reviewed journals were found and included in this review. RESULTS Garlic (Allium sativum) proves to be a rich source of compounds with antitumor potential. Garlic-derived extracts and several of its individual constituents, especially organosulfur compounds such as allicin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, diallyl tetrasulfide, allylmethylsulfide, S-allylmercaptocysteine, Z-ajoene, thiacremonone and Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine were found to possess cytotoxic, cytostatic, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities in different in vitro and in vivo models of colorectal cancer. The molecular mechanisms for their antitumor effects are associated with the modulation of several well-known signaling pathways involved in cell cycle progression, especially G1-S and G2-M transitions, as well as both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. However, even though in various animal models some of these compounds have chemopreventive effects, based on different human observational studies, a diet rich in garlic is not consistently associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION Independent of the impact of garlic consumption on colorectal cancer initiation and promotion in humans, its constituents might be good candidates for future conventional and/or complementary therapies, based on their diverse mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Oravetz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adelina-Violeta Todea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Elena Rakosy-Tican
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, "Babes-Bolyai" University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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25
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Nicolay JP, Melchers S, Albrecht JD, Assaf C, Dippel E, Stadler R, Wehkamp U, Wobser M, Zhao J, Burghaus I, Schneider S, Gülow K, Goerdt S, Schürch CM, Utikal JS, Krammer PH. Dimethyl fumarate treatment in relapsed and refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a multicenter phase 2 study. Blood 2023; 142:794-805. [PMID: 37217183 PMCID: PMC10644069 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) are limited and curative approaches are lacking. Furthermore, relapses and drug induced side effects are major challenges in the therapeutic management of patients with CTCL, creating an urgent need for new and effective therapies. Pathologic constitutive NF-κB activity leads to apoptosis resistance in CTCL cells and, thus, represents a promising therapeutic target in CTCL. In a preclinical study we showed the potential of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) to block NF-κB and, specifically, kill CTCL cells. To translate these findings to applications in a clinical setting, we performed a multicentric phase 2 study evaluating oral DMF therapy in 25 patients with CTCL stages Ib to IV over 24 weeks (EudraCT number 2014-000924-11/NCT number NCT02546440). End points were safety and efficacy. We evaluated skin involvement (using a modified severity weighted assessment tool [mSWAT]), pruritus, quality of life, and blood involvement, if applicable, as well as translational data. Upon skin analysis, 7 of 23 (30.4%) patients showed a response with >50% reduction in the mSWAT score. Patients with high tumor burden in the skin and blood responded best to DMF therapy. Although not generally significant, DMF also improved pruritus in several patients. Response in the blood was mixed, but we confirmed the NF-κB-inhibiting mechanism of DMF in the blood. The overall tolerability of the DMF therapy was very favorable, with mostly mild side effects. In conclusion, our study presents DMF as an effective and excellently tolerable therapeutic option in CTCL to be further evaluated in a phase 3 study or real-life patient care as well as in combination therapies. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02546440.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. Nicolay
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim/ University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Melchers
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim/ University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jana D. Albrecht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim/ University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Chalid Assaf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Edgar Dippel
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwigshafen Medical Center, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Stadler
- University Clinic for Dermatology, Johannes Wesling Medical Center, Minden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wehkamp
- Department of Dermatology, Campus Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marion Wobser
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ina Burghaus
- Clinical Study Coordination Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karsten Gülow
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sergij Goerdt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim/ University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian M. Schürch
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jochen S. Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim/ University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter H. Krammer
- Department of Immunogenetics D030, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Tom A, Jacob J, Mathews M, Rajagopal R, Alfarhan A, Barcelo D, Narayanankutty A. Synthesis of Bis-Chalcones and Evaluation of Its Effect on Peroxide-Induced Cell Death and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytokine Production. Molecules 2023; 28:6354. [PMID: 37687181 PMCID: PMC10488834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites are important sources of biologically active compounds with wide pharmacological potentials. Among the different classes, the chalcones form integral pharmacologically active agents. Natural chalcones and bis-chalcones exhibit high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various experiments. Studies are also underway to explore more biologically active bis-chalcones by chemical synthesis of these compounds. In this study, the effects of six synthetic bis-chalcones were evaluated in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6); further, the anti-inflammatory potentials were studied in lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in macrophages. The synthesized bis-chalcones differ from each other first of all by the nature of the aromatic cores (functional group substitution, and their position) and by the size of a central alicycle. The exposure of IEC-6 cells to peroxide radicals reduced the cell viability; however, pre-treatment with the bis-chalcones improved the cell viability in these cells. The mechanism of action was observed to be the increased levels of glutathione and antioxidant enzyme activities. Further, these bis-chalcones also inhibited the LPS-stimulation-induced inflammatory cytokine production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Overall, the present study indicated the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory abilities of synthetic bis-chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alby Tom
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College Devagiri (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, Kerala, India;
| | - Jisha Jacob
- Molecular Microbial Ecology Lab, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College Devagiri (Autonomous), Calicut 680555, Kerala, India;
| | - Manoj Mathews
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph’s College Devagiri (Autonomous), Calicut 680555, Kerala, India;
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.R.); (A.A.)
| | - Damia Barcelo
- Water and Soil Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Idaea-Csic, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College Devagiri (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, Kerala, India;
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27
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Lee SC, Shen CY, Wang WH, Lee YP, Liang KW, Chou YH, Tyan YS, Hwang JJ. Synergistic Effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 Combines with Ionizing Radiation on CT26/ luc Colon Carcinoma Cells and Tumor-Bearing Animal Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1188. [PMID: 37764996 PMCID: PMC10535731 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The local tumor control rate of colon cancer by radiotherapy is unsatisfactory due to recurrence and radioresistance. Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), a panoxadiol saponin, possesses various antitumor effects. METHODS CT26/luc murine colon carcinoma cells and a CT26/luc tumor-bearing animal model were used to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Rh2 combined with ionizing radiation and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Rh2 caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in CT26/luc cells; however, when combined with ionizing radiation, the cells were arrested at the G2/M phase. Rh2 was found to suppress the activity of NF-κB induced by radiation by inhibiting the MAPK pathway, consequently affecting the expression of effector proteins. In an in vivo study, the combination treatment significantly increased tumor growth delay time and overall survival. Furthermore, the combination treatment significantly reduced NF-κB and NF-κB-related effector proteins, along with PD-1 receptor expression. Additionally, Rh2 administration led to increased levels of interleukin-12, -18, and interferon-γ in the mice's sera. Importantly, biochemical analysis revealed no toxicities associated with Rh2 alone or combined with radiation. CONCLUSIONS The combination of Rh2 with radiation may have potential as an alternative to improve the therapeutic efficacy of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Chih Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Chao-Yu Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Wei-Hsun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50044, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Po Lee
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei Branch, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Keng-Wei Liang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Sheng Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Jeng-Jong Hwang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (K.-W.L.)
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28
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Abo-Zaid OAR, Moawed FSM, Barakat WEM, Ghobashy MM, Ahmed ESA. Antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil polymeric nanogel synthesized by gamma radiation on a rat model of colon carcinoma: a proposed mechanism. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:138. [PMID: 37493814 PMCID: PMC10371941 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is associated with multifaceted challenges and poor pharmacokinetics. Accordingly, our study was designed to prepare 5-FU nanogel as a new form of the colon cancer chemotherapeutic drug 5-FU using polyacrylic acid and gelatin hybrid nanogel as efficient drug carriers. Alongside the in vivo chemotherapeutic evaluation, the anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic efficacy were carried out for 5-FU nanogel against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 20 mg/kg) and γ-radiation (4 Gy)-prompted colon dysplasia in rats compared to 5-FU. The morphology and size of 5-FU nanogel were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) in addition to cytotoxicity assay. The expression of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR); Toll-like receptor2 (TLR2)/nuclear factor kappa B), adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream autophagy-related genes in addition to apoptotic markers were measured in colon tissues. Results: 5-FU nanogel reduced the levels of the TLR2/ NF-κβ as well as the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Moreover, it promoted autophagy through the activation of the AMPK and its downstream targets which consequently augmented the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Conclusion: Collectively, these data might strengthen the therapeutic potential of 5-FU nanogel which can be used as an antitumor product for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma A R Abo-Zaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Wael E M Barakat
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa S A Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Gan T, Yu J, He J. miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA: targeted molecules with therapeutic promises in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:293. [PMID: 37477725 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is primarily recognized as a respiratory pathogen that causes community-acquired pneumonia, which can lead to acute upper and lower airway inflammation and extrapulmonary syndrome. Refractory pneumonia caused by MP can cause severe complications and even be life-threatening, particularly in infants and the elderly. It is well-known that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represented by miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs have been manifested to be widely involved in the regulation of gene expression. Growing evidence indicates that these ncRNAs have distinct differentiated expression in MP infection and affect multiple biological processes, playing an indispensable role in the initiation and promotion of MP infection. However, the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of MP infection remain unclear. This article reviews the mechanisms by which miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs mediate MP infection, such as inflammatory responses, apoptosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Focusing on miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs associated with MP infection could provide new insights into this disease's early diagnosis and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gan
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jun He
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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30
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Luo Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Gao Q, Gong T, Feng Y, Wu D, Zheng X, Zhang G, Wang H. Aloe-emodin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by promoting apoptosis via regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Virol J 2023; 20:158. [PMID: 37468960 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02126-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute infectious haemorrhagic fever of pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Aloe-emodin (Ae) is an active ingredient of Chinese herbs with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of Ae against ASFV using Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Ae significantly inhibited ASFV replication. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed that ASFV infection activated the NF-κB signaling pathway in the early stage and the apoptosis pathway in the late stage. Ae significantly downregulated the expression levels of MyD88, phosphor-NF-κB p65, and pIκB proteins as well as the mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with ASFV, thereby inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway induced by ASFV. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that Ae significantly increased the percentage of ASFV-induced apoptotic cells. Additionally, Ae promoted apoptosis by upregulating the expression levels of cleaved-caspase3 and Bax proteins and downregulating the expression levels of Bcl-2 proteins. This suggests that Ae promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, resulting in inhibition of ASFV replication. These findings have further improved therapeutic reserves for the prevention and treatment of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo Luo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongzhi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510462, China.
- African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, PR China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China.
- Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Alem D, Yang X, Beato F, Sarcar B, Tassielli AF, Dai R, Hogenson TL, Park MA, Jiang K, Cai J, Yuan Y, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Tan AC, Fleming JB, Xie H. Translational relevance of SOS1 targeting for KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1025-1037. [PMID: 37042566 PMCID: PMC10330439 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
It has been challenging to target mutant KRAS (mKRAS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and other malignancies. Recent efforts have focused on developing inhibitors blocking molecules essential for KRAS activity. In this regard, SOS1 inhibition has arisen as an attractive approach for mKRAS CRC given its essential role as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for this GTPase. Here, we demonstrated the translational value of SOS1 blockade in mKRAS CRC. We used CRC patient-derived organoids (PDOs) as preclinical models to evaluate their sensitivity to SOS1 inhibitor BI3406. A combination of in silico analyses and wet lab techniques was utilized to define potential predictive markers for SOS1 sensitivity and potential mechanisms of resistance in CRC. RNA-seq analysis of CRC PDOs revealed two groups of CRC PDOs with differential sensitivities to SOS1 inhibitor BI3406. The resistant group was enriched in gene sets involving cholesterol homeostasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and TNF-α/NFκB signaling. Expression analysis identified a significant correlation between SOS1 and SOS2 mRNA levels (Spearman's ρ 0.56, p < 0.001). SOS1/2 protein expression was universally present with heterogeneous patterns in CRC cells but only minimal to none in surrounding nonmalignant cells. Only SOS1 protein expression was associated with worse survival in patients with RAS/RAF mutant CRC (p = 0.04). We also found that SOS1/SOS2 protein expression ratio >1 by immunohistochemistry (p = 0.03) instead of KRAS mutation (p = 1) was a better predictive marker to BI3406 sensitivity of CRC PDOs, concordant with the significant positive correlation between SOS1/SOS2 protein expression ratio and SOS1 dependency. Finally, we showed that GTP-bound RAS level underwent rebound even in BI3406-sensitive PDOs with no change of KRAS downstream effector genes, thus suggesting upregulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor as potential cellular adaptation mechanisms to SOS1 inhibition. Taken together, our results show that high SOS1/SOS2 protein expression ratio predicts sensitivity to SOS1 inhibition and support further clinical development of SOS1-targeting agents in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alem
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Francisca Beato
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Bhaswati Sarcar
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandra F Tassielli
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ruifan Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Tara L Hogenson
- Department of Oncology, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret A Park
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Pathology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Martin E Fernandez-Zapico
- Department of Oncology, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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32
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AbdulHussein AH, Al-Taee MM, Radih ZA, Aljuboory DS, Mohammed ZQ, Hashesh TS, Riadi Y, Hadrawi SK, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by triptolide. Biofactors 2023; 49:718-735. [PMID: 36876465 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a hot topic issue in cancer research and therapy. Although cancer therapy including radiotherapy and anti-cancer drugs can kill malignant cells within the tumor, cancer cells can develop a wide range of mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of anti-cancer agents. Cancer cells may provide some mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and escape from apoptosis and attack by the immune system. Furthermore, cancer cells may resist senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death by modulating several critical genes. The development of these mechanisms leads to resistance to anti-cancer drugs and also radiotherapy. Resistance to therapy can increase mortality and reduce survival following cancer therapy. Thus, overcoming mechanisms of resistance to cell death in malignant cells can facilitate tumor elimination and increase the efficiency of anti-cancer therapy. Natural-derived molecules are intriguing agents that may be suggested to be used as an adjuvant in combination with other anticancer drugs or radiotherapy to sensitize cancer cells to therapy with at least side effects. This paper aims to review the potential of triptolide for inducing various types of cell death in cancer cells. We review the induction or resistance to different cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis following the administration of triptolide. We also review the safety and future perspectives for triptolide and its derivatives in experimental and human studies. The anticancer potential of triptolide and its derivatives may make them effective adjuvants for enhancing tumor suppression in combination with anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salema K Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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33
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Wu G, Wu F, Zhou YQ, Lu W, Hu FL, Fan X. Silencing of TRAF5 enhances necroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting LTBR-mediated NF-κB signaling. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15551. [PMID: 37366426 PMCID: PMC10290833 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with poor prognosis and high mortality. This study aimed to explore the oncogenic mechanisms of TRAF5 in HCC and provide a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC. Methods Human HCC cell lines (HepG2, HuH7, SMMC-LM3, and Hep3B), normal adult liver epithelial cells (THLE-2), and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) were utilized. Cell transfection was performed for functional investigation. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect mRNA expression of TRAF5, LTBR, and NF-κB and protein expression of TRAF5, p-RIP1(S166)/RIP1, p-MLKL(S345)/MLKL, LTBR, and p-NF-κB/NF-κB. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays. Cell survival, necrosis, and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342/PI double staining. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were performed to determine the interaction between TRAF5 and LTBR. A xenograft model was established to validate the role of TRAF5 in HCC. Results TRAF5 knockdown inhibited HCC cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion, and survival but enhanced necroptosis. Additionally, TRAF5 is correlated with LTBR and TRAF5 silencing down-regulated LTBR in HCC cells. LTBR knockdown inhibited HCC cell viability, while LTBR overexpression eliminated the effects of TRAF5 deficiency on inhibiting HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. LTBR overexpression abolished the promotive function of TRAF5 knockdown on cell necroptosis. LTBR overexpression undid the suppressive effect of TRAF5 knockdown on NF-κB signaling in HCC cells. Moreover, TRAF5 knockdown suppressed xenograft tumor growth, inhibited cell proliferation, and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. Conclusions TRAF5 deficiency facilitates necroptosis in HCC by suppressing LTBR-mediated NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beilun Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medical, Ningbo, China
| | - Fangping Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Qing Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beilun Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medical, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenwen Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lin Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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34
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Iyer AS, Shaik MR, Raufman JP, Xie G. The Roles of Zinc Finger Proteins in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10249. [PMID: 37373394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite colorectal cancer remaining a leading worldwide cause of cancer-related death, there remains a paucity of effective treatments for advanced disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development of colorectal cancer include altered cell signaling and cell cycle regulation that may result from epigenetic modifications of gene expression and function. Acting as important transcriptional regulators of normal biological processes, zinc finger proteins also play key roles in regulating the cellular mechanisms underlying colorectal neoplasia. These actions impact cell differentiation and proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, homeostasis, senescence, and maintenance of stemness. With the goal of highlighting promising points of therapeutic intervention, we review the oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles of zinc finger proteins with respect to colorectal cancer tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya S Iyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mohammed Rifat Shaik
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center Midtown Campus, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Guofeng Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Orlandi G, Roncucci L, Carnevale G, Sena P. Different Roles of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Development of Human Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10201. [PMID: 37373349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major life-threatening malignancy, despite numerous therapeutic and screening attempts. Apoptosis and autophagy are two processes that share common signaling pathways, are linked by functional relationships and have similar protein components. During the development of cancer, the two processes can trigger simultaneously in the same cell, causing, in some cases, an inhibition of autophagy by apoptosis or apoptosis by autophagy. Malignant cells that have accumulated genetic alterations can take advantage of any alterations in the apoptotic process and as a result, progress easily in the cancerous transformation. Autophagy often plays a suppressive role during the initial stages of carcinogenicity, while in the later stages of cancer development it can play a promoting role. It is extremely important to determine the regulation of this duality of autophagy in the development of CRC and to identify the molecules involved, as well as the signals and the mechanisms behind it. All the reported experimental results indicate that, while the antagonistic effects of autophagy and apoptosis occur in an adverse environment characterized by deprivation of oxygen and nutrients, leading to the formation and development of CRC, the effects of promotion and collaboration usually involve an auxiliary role of autophagy compared to apoptosis. In this review, we elucidate the different roles of autophagy and apoptosis in human CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Roncucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
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36
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Meškytė EM, Pezzè L, Bartolomei L, Forcato M, Bocci IA, Bertalot G, Barbareschi M, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Bisio A, Bicciato S, Baltriukienė D, Ciribilli Y. ETV7 reduces inflammatory responses in breast cancer cells by repressing the TNFR1/NF-κB axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:263. [PMID: 37041130 PMCID: PMC10089821 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor ETV7 is an oncoprotein that is up-regulated in all breast cancer (BC) types. We have recently demonstrated that ETV7 promoted breast cancer progression by increasing cancer cell proliferation and stemness and was also involved in the development of chemo- and radio-resistance. However, the roles of ETV7 in breast cancer inflammation have yet to be studied. Gene ontology analysis previously performed on BC cells stably over-expressing ETV7 demonstrated that ETV7 was involved in the suppression of innate immune and inflammatory responses. To better decipher the involvement of ETV7 in these signaling pathways, in this study, we identified TNFRSF1A, encoding for the main receptor of TNF-α, TNFR1, as one of the genes down-regulated by ETV7. We demonstrated that ETV7 directly binds to the intron I of this gene, and we showed that the ETV7-mediated down-regulation of TNFRSF1A reduced the activation of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, in this study, we unveiled a potential crosstalk between ETV7 and STAT3, another master regulator of inflammation. While it is known that STAT3 directly up-regulates the expression of TNFRSF1A, here we demonstrated that ETV7 reduces the ability of STAT3 to bind to the TNFRSF1A gene via a competitive mechanism, recruiting repressive chromatin remodelers, which results in the repression of its transcription. The inverse correlation between ETV7 and TNFRSF1A was confirmed also in different cohorts of BC patients. These results suggest that ETV7 can reduce the inflammatory responses in breast cancer through the down-regulation of TNFRSF1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Marija Meškytė
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laura Pezzè
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Alia Therapeutics, s.r.l., Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Bartolomei
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Adelaide Bocci
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Institut für Zellbiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Unità Operativa Multizonale di Anatomia Patologica, APSS, Trento, Italy
- Centre for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mattia Barbareschi
- Unità Operativa Multizonale di Anatomia Patologica, APSS, Trento, Italy
- Centre for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Bisio
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daiva Baltriukienė
- Department of Biological Models, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Yari Ciribilli
- Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Genetics, Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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Cai X, Yang H, Pan Y, Wen Y, Huang C, Li R. Circ_0060967 contributes to colorectal cancer progression by sponging miR-1184 to up-regulate SRC proto-oncogene. Arab J Gastroenterol 2023:S1687-1979(23)00010-2. [PMID: 37045727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with cancer pathogenesis. The purpose of our current study was to explore the role and mechanism of circ_0060967 in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. PATIENTS AND METHODS Human CRC specimens and paired healthy tissues were used to examine variable expression. The expression of circ_0060967 and microRNA (miR)-1184 was examined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. The protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, BCL2-associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax), proto-oncogene nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src (SRC), nuclear factor-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), phosphorylated-IκBα (p-IκBα), RELA proto-oncogene, nuclear factor-κB subunit (p65), and phosphorylated-p65 (p-p65) were determined by western blot. Proliferation and motility of HCT-116 and SW480 CRC cells were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were used to determine the binding relation between miR-1184 and circ_0060967 or SRC. Animal studies were used to detect the role of circ_0060967 in CRC cell tumorigenicity. RESULTS Circ_0060967 abundance was enhanced in human CRC tissue samples versus paired normal colorectal tissues and in HCT-116 and SW480 CRC cells versus normal HCO cells. Decreased expression of circ_0060967 could suppress cell growth, motility, and invasiveness of CRC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0060967 sponged miR-1184, and miR-1184 targeted SRC. Furthermore, we also found circ_0060967 affected cell growth by modulating miR-1184/SRC axis in CRC. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a novel circ_0060967/miR-1184/SRC regulatory cascade in affecting CRC cell malignant behaviors, which can have a broad effect on the field of molecularly targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingrui Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yinglian Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yang Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chengmou Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
| | - Rucai Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Zhu M, Sun Y, Bai H, Wang Y, Yang B, Wang Q, Kuang H. Effects of saponins from Chinese herbal medicines on signal transduction pathways in cancer: A review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1159985. [PMID: 37063281 PMCID: PMC10090286 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1159985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a serious threat to human health, and the search for safe and effective drugs for its treatment has aroused interest and become a long-term goal. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM), an ancient science with unique anti-cancer advantages, has achieved outstanding results in long-term clinical practice. Accumulating evidence shows that saponins are key bioactive components in TCM and have great research and development applications for their significant role in the treatment of cancer. Saponins are a class of glycosides comprising nonpolar triterpenes or sterols attached to hydrophilic oligosaccharide groups that exert antitumor effects by targeting the NF-κB, PI3Ks-Akt-mTOR, MAPK, Wnt-β-catenin, JAK-STAT3, APMK, p53, and EGFR signaling pathways. Presently, few advances have been made in physiological and pathological studies on the effect of saponins on signal transduction pathways involved in cancer treatment. This paper reviews the phytochemistry and extraction methods of saponins of TCM and their effects on signal transduction pathways in cancer. It aims to provide theoretical support for in-depth studies on the anticancer effects of saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Haodong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiuhong Wang, ; Haixue Kuang,
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiuhong Wang, ; Haixue Kuang,
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Olajide M, Abdul-Hammed M, Bello IA, Adedotun IO, Afolabi TI. Identification of potential inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (TS) (PDB ID: 6QXH) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF–κB) (PDB ID: 1A3Q) from Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) towards the development of new therapeutic drugs against colorectal cancer (CRC). PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most deadly cancer globally. Drug resistance and attendant side effects make the available standard anti-colorectal cancer drugs against target receptors inefficient. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants are safer, cheaper, effective, and heal diseases from the cellular level. This study is aimed at identifying potential inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (TS) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF–κB) target receptors from Capsicum annuum towards the development of new therapeutic drugs against colorectal cancer via in silico approach. One hundred and fifty (150) ligands previously reported from Capsicum annuum were downloaded from the PubChem database and were subjected to chemo-informatics analyses such as ADMET, drug-likeness, oral bioavailability, bioactivity, and PASS prediction to ascertain their therapeutic and safety profile before docking. The ligands that passed the analyses were docked against TS and NF–κB in duplicate using a creditable docking tool (PyRx). Raltitrexed and emetine were used as the standard drug inhibitors for TS and NF–κB, respectively. The results obtained from this study showed that feruloyl-beta-D-glucose (8.45 kcal/mol), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (−8.40 kcal/mol), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (−7.89 kcal/mol), feruloyl hexoside (−7.40 kcal/mol), O-glucopyranoside (−7.55 kcal/mol), and quercetin (−7.00 kcal/mol) shared the same binding pocket with TS while feruloyl-beta-D-glucose (−7.00 kcal/mol), chlorogenic acid (−6.90 kcal/mol), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (−6.90 kcal/mol) and feruloyl hexoside (−6.50 kcal/mol) shared the same pocket with NF–κB. These compounds were selected as best hits due to their excellent inhibitory efficiency and chemoinformatic profiles. Thus, the compounds may function as prospective lead compounds for developing a new anti-colorectal cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monsurat Olajide
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Along Ogbomoso Ilorin Expressway, Ladoke Akintola University Of Technology , Ogbomoso , Oyo , 210214 , Nigeria
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Ogbomoso , Oyo State , Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Crescent University Abeokuta , Abeokuta , Ogun State , Nigeria
| | - Misbaudeen Abdul-Hammed
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Along Ogbomoso Ilorin Expressway, Ladoke Akintola University Of Technology , Ogbomoso , Oyo , 210214 , Nigeria
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Ogbomoso , Oyo State , Nigeria
| | - Isah Adewale Bello
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Along Ogbomoso Ilorin Expressway, Ladoke Akintola University Of Technology , Ogbomoso , Oyo , 210214 , Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Olaide Adedotun
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Ogbomoso , Oyo State , Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Irapada Afolabi
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science , Ogbomoso , Oyo State , Nigeria
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Ben Hamouda S, Essafi-Benkhadir K. Interplay between Signaling Pathways and Tumor Microenvironment Components: A Paradoxical Role in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065600. [PMID: 36982677 PMCID: PMC10057671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has become an important part of colorectal cancer (CRC) research. Indeed, it is now accepted that the invasive character of a primary CRC is determined not only by the genotype of the tumor cells, but also by their interactions with the extracellular environment, which thereby orchestrates the development of the tumor. In fact, the TME cells are a double-edged sword as they play both pro- and anti-tumor roles. The interaction of the tumor-infiltrating cells (TIC) with the cancer cells induces the polarization of the TIC, exhibiting an antagonist phenotype. This polarization is controlled by a plethora of interconnected pro- and anti-oncogenic signaling pathways. The complexity of this interaction and the dual function of these different actors contribute to the failure of CRC control. Thus, a better understanding of such mechanisms is of great interest and provides new opportunities for the development of personalized and efficient therapies for CRC. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways linked to CRC and their implication in the development or inhibition of the tumor initiation and progression. In the second part, we enlist the major components of the TME and discuss the complexity of their cells functions.
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Chen JF, Wu SW, Shi ZM, Hu B. Traditional Chinese medicine for colorectal cancer treatment: potential targets and mechanisms of action. Chin Med 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36782251 PMCID: PMC9923939 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with complex pathogenesis, it is prone to metastasis, and its development involves abnormalities in multiple signaling pathways. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy remain the main treatments for CRC, but improvement in the overall survival rate and quality of life is urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of preventing and treating CRC. It could affect CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance by regulating multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptors, p53, TGF-β, mTOR, Hedgehog, and immunomodulatory signaling pathways. In this paper, the main signaling pathways and potential targets of TCM and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC were systematically summarized, providing a theoretical basis for treating CRC with TCM and new ideas for further exploring the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new anti-CRC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Chen
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wei Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Man Shi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Low-Molecular-Weight β-1,3-1,6-Glucan Derived from Aureobasidium pullulans Exhibits Anticancer Activity by Inducing Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020529. [PMID: 36831065 PMCID: PMC9953391 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
β-glucan, a plant polysaccharide, mainly exists in plant cell walls of oats, barley, and wheat. It is attracting attention due to its high potential for use as functional foods and pharmaceuticals. We have previously reported that low-molecular-weight Aureobasidium pullulans-fermented β-D-glucan (LMW-AP-FBG) could inhibit inflammatory responses by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. Bases on previous results, the objective of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of LMW-AP-FBG in BALB/c mice intracutaneously transplanted with CT-26 colon cancer cells onto their backs. Daily intraperitoneal injections of LMW-AP-FBG (5 mg/kg) for two weeks significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice bearing CT-26 tumors by reducing tumor proliferation and inducing apoptosis as compared to phosphate buffer-treated control mice. In addition, LMW-AP-FBG treatment reduced the viability of CT-26 cells in a dose-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis with loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased activated caspases. Taken together, LMW-AP-FBG exhibits anticancer properties both in vivo and in vitro.
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Li C, Geng C. GLIS Family Zinc Finger 3 Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression by Inducing Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion, and Activating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:209-218. [PMID: 36724950 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) puts a great threat to women's health. GLIS family zinc finger 3 (GLIS3) belongs to the GLI transcription factor family and acts as a critical factor in cancer progression. Nevertheless, the part of GLIS3 played in TNBC is not known. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining analysis displayed that GLIS3 was highly expressed in TNBC tissues. The effect of GLIS3 on the malignant phenotype of TNBC was tested in two different cell lines according to GLIS3 regulation. Upregulation of GLIS3 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cell lines, whereas the knockdown of GLIS3 suppressed these tumor activities. Inhibition of GLIS3 induced TNBC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, study as immunofluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway activated by GLIS3 played an important role in TNBC cells' malignant phenotype. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated that GLIS3 acts as a crucial element in TNBC progression via activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Accordingly, above mentioned findings indicated that modulation of GLIS3 expression is a potential tactic to interfere with the progression of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Li
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center for Breast Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University.,The Second Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital
| | - Cuizhi Geng
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center for Breast Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Breast Cancer in Hebei
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Heck KA, Lindholm HT, Niederdorfer B, Tsirvouli E, Kuiper M, Flobak Å, Lægreid A, Thommesen L. Characterisation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines through Proteomic Profiling of Their Extracellular Vesicles. Proteomes 2023; 11:proteomes11010003. [PMID: 36648961 PMCID: PMC9844407 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers, driven by several factors including deregulations in intracellular signalling pathways. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized protein-packaged particles released from cells, which are present in liquid biopsies. Here, we characterised the proteome landscape of sEVs and their cells of origin in three CRC cell lines HCT116, HT29 and SW620 to explore molecular traits that could be exploited as cancer biomarker candidates and how intracellular signalling can be assessed by sEV analysis instead of directly obtaining the cell of origin itself. Our findings revealed that sEV cargo clearly reflects its cell of origin with proteins of the PI3K-AKT pathway highly represented in sEVs. Proteins known to be involved in CRC were detected in both cells and sEVs including KRAS, ARAF, mTOR, PDPK1 and MAPK1, while TGFB1 and TGFBR2, known to be key players in epithelial cancer carcinogenesis, were found to be enriched in sEVs. Furthermore, the phosphopeptide-enriched profiling of cell lysates demonstrated a distinct pattern between cell lines and highlighted potential phosphoproteomic targets to be investigated in sEVs. The total proteomic and phosphoproteomics profiles described in the current work can serve as a source to identify candidates for cancer biomarkers that can potentially be assessed from liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Heck
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard T. Lindholm
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Barbara Niederdorfer
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirini Tsirvouli
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Kuiper
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åsmund Flobak
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St. Olav’s University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Lægreid
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Liv Thommesen
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence:
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MCPIP1 Suppresses the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Through Negative Regulation of K63-Linked Ubiquitylation of TRAF6 in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:96-107. [PMID: 36076064 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is an important precipitating factor for the inception and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most common tumors worldwide. As a pro-apoptotic transcription factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) has been closely associated with many tumor types. In the present study, the expression of MCPIP1 was firstly discovered reduced in CRC tissues and correlated with poor patient prognosis. The decreased expression was caused by promoter hypermethylation. Overexpressed MCPIP1 was found to inhibit the proliferative and migratory abilities of CRC cells, whereas knockdown of MCPIP1 produced the opposite result. The subsequent investigation demonstrated that MCPIP1 exerted its "anti-cancer" effect by suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway through negative regulation of K63-linked ubiquitylation of TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Therefore, our results indicate a prognostic marker for CRC and a theoretical basis for MCPIP1 as a treatment.
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Kishani Farahani R, Soleimanpour S, Golmohammadi M, Soleimanpour-lichaei HR. PIWIL2 Regulates the Proliferation, Apoptosis and Colony Formation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 21:e3176. [PMID: 36811102 PMCID: PMC9938935 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2022.307054.3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Tumor cells proliferation and apoptosis inhibition are the mechanisms through which the Colorectal Cancer (CRC) progression, metastasis and chemoresistance are promoted pathologically, offering clinical advantages for characterizing their molecular regulators. Objectives In this study, to unravel the role of PIWIL2 as a potential CRC oncogenic regulator, we examined the effect of its overexpression on proliferation, apoptosis and colony formation of SW480 colon cancer cell line. Material and Methods Established SW480-P (overexpression of PIWIL2) and SW480-control (SW480-empty vector) cell lines were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS with 1% penicillin-streptomycin. The total DNA and RNA was extracted for further experiments. Real-Time PCR and western blotting assay were performed to measure the differential expression of proliferation associated genes including the expression of cell cycle and anti-apoptotic genes as well as Ki-67 and PIWIL2 in both cell lines. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, doubling time assay and the colony formation rate of transfected cells was measured with the 2D colony formation assay. Results At the molecular level, PIWIL2 overexpression was associated with significant up-regulation of cyclin D1, STAT3, BCL2-L1, BCL2-L2 and Ki-67 genes. MTT and doubling time assay showed that PIWIL2 expression induced time-related effects on proliferation rate of SW480 cells. Moreover, SW480-P cells had markedly greater capacity to form colonies. Conclusions PIWIL2 plays important roles to promote cancer cell proliferation and colonization via the cell cycle acceleration and inhibition of apoptosis, the mechanisms through which this gene seems to contribute to CRC development, metastasis and chemoresistance, hence potentially highlighting PIWIL2 targeted therapy as a valuable tool for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kishani Farahani
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Reza Soleimanpour-lichaei
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Novoa C, Salazar P, Cisternas P, Gherardelli C, Vera-Salazar R, Zolezzi JM, Inestrosa NC. Inflammation context in Alzheimer's disease, a relationship intricate to define. Biol Res 2022; 55:39. [PMID: 36550479 PMCID: PMC9784299 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates. Importantly, Aβ and tau species are able to activate astrocytes and microglia, which release several proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), together with reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), triggering neuroinflammation. However, this inflammatory response has a dual function: it can play a protective role by increasing Aβ degradation and clearance, but it can also contribute to Aβ and tau overproduction and induce neurodegeneration and synaptic loss. Due to the significant role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AD, several inflammatory mediators have been proposed as AD markers, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, Iba-1, GFAP, NF-κB, TLR2, and MHCII. Importantly, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as NSAIDs has emerged as a potential treatment against AD. Moreover, diseases related to systemic or local inflammation, including infections, cerebrovascular accidents, and obesity, have been proposed as risk factors for the development of AD. In the following review, we focus on key inflammatory processes associated with AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Novoa
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Salazar
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Cisternas
- grid.499370.00000 0004 6481 8274Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Camila Gherardelli
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Vera-Salazar
- grid.412179.80000 0001 2191 5013Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Escuela de Kinesiología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan M. Zolezzi
- grid.442242.60000 0001 2287 1761Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile ,grid.442242.60000 0001 2287 1761Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
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GMEB2 Promotes the Growth of Colorectal Cancer by Activating ADRM1 Transcription and NF-κB Signalling and Is Positively Regulated by the m 6A Reader YTHDF1. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246046. [PMID: 36551532 PMCID: PMC9776391 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are frequently aberrantly reactivated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, as a transcription factor, the role of GMEB2 in cancer is still unclear, and further studies are needed. Here, we aimed to identify the function and mechanism of GMEB2 in regulating the malignant progression of CRC. GMEB2 was found to be highly expressed in online data analyses. We demonstrated that GMEB2 was markedly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in CRC cells and tissues. GMEB2 knockdown inhibited CRC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, as a transcription factor, GMEB2 transactivated the ADRM1 promoter to increase its transcription. Rescue experiments showed that ADRM1 downregulation partially reversed the promoting effects of GMEB2 on CRC growth in vitro. Moreover, the GMEB2/ADRM1 axis induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB, thus activating NF-κB signalling. Finally, we further revealed that YTHDF1 recognized and bound to the m6A site on GMEB2 mRNA, which enhanced its stability. Taken together, our findings reveal the crucial role and regulatory mechanism of GMEB2 in CRC for the first time and provide a novel potential therapeutic target for CRC therapy.
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Xu Y, Xu H, Wang X, Wen H, Guan H, Gao F, Xu H, Jing W, Li J, Mei Y, Li W, Chen Q, Liu F, Cui H. Network-Based Elaboration of the Efficacy of the Dachangshu (BL25) and Tianshu (ST25) Points in the Treatment of Functional Constipation in Children through Inflammation, Adipocytokine, or Leptin Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5315927. [PMID: 36523422 PMCID: PMC9747304 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5315927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Constipation commonly occurs during childhood, and more than 95% of cases are classified as functional constipation. If not effectively treated, 20% of patients with childhood constipation can continue to exhibit symptoms into adulthood, which seriously affects their mental health and quality of life. The main feature of acupuncture or acupoint stimulation, a special branch of traditional Chinese medicine, is the selection of different acupoints for different diseases, and many worthy guidelines have been established for matching acupoints. The back-shu and front-mu point combination adheres to an important acupoint compatibility law that has been used since its proposal 2,500 years ago but has not yet been verified by the modern evidence-based experiments. This study focused on the back-shu and front-mu point combination using the Dachangshu (BL25) and Tianshu (ST25) points as examples to explore possible research methods for network acupoint-based stimulation based on existing evidence and to elucidate the mechanisms induced by BL25 and ST25 in the treatment of functional constipation in children (FCC). The study found that BL25 and ST25 have 20 common targets, namely, AQP8, DRD2, VIP, TAC1, IL6R, TNF, FOS, KIT, CHAT, HTR3A, GAS8, SOD3, TRPV1, MPO, CALCA, IL1B, P2RX7, NPY2R, IL10RA, and TPH1, and these targets may provide a strategy for the combined usage of BL25 and ST25. In addition, BL25 and ST25 can affect FCC treatment through inflammation-relatedTh17-cell differentiation, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Adipocytokines or leptin may also comprise the mechanism through which BL25 and ST25 regulate FCC. In addition, BL25 and ST25 regulate FCC through 13 core targets, namely, NFKBIA, RELA, TNF, IKBKB, IRAK1, TLR4, MYD88, TNFRSF1A, IL1R1, TLR2, IL1B, TRAF6, and TNFRSF1B. In short, this study provides new ideas and methods for studying the mechanism of acupuncture points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- School of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Hanying Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Xinna Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Hongjuan Wen
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Huifang Guan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Fa Gao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Jing Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Chongqing Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Weibin Li
- Chongqing Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Qixiong Chen
- Chongqing Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Chongqing Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Hongtao Cui
- Chongqing Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
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Dobre M, Trandafir B, Milanesi E, Salvi A, Bucuroiu I, Vasilescu C, Niculae AM, Herlea V, Hinescu ME, Constantinescu G. Molecular profile of the NF-κB signalling pathway in human colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5966-5975. [PMID: 36433652 PMCID: PMC9753446 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with inflammation processes that involve the overactivation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. The characterization of the NF-κB expression profile in CRC is an important topic since the suppression of NF-κB represents a potential therapeutic approach. In this study, we assessed the expression levels of 84 NF-κB-related genes in paired tumoral (T) and peritumoral (PT) tissues from 18 CRC patients and 18 normal colonic mucosae, and the expression levels of three miRNAs targeting the most dysregulated genes revealed by the case-control analysis. Comparing the gene expression profile of T and controls, 60 genes were dysregulated. The comparison of T and PT revealed 17 dysregulated genes in the tumoral tissues, with IL1B, CXCL8, IL1A, and CSF2 being the most upregulated. Notably, through a bioinformatics analysis, the differential gene expression of 11 out of the 17 genes was validated on a larger cohort of 308 CRC patients compared with 41 controls. Moreover, a decrease in the levels of RELA, NOD1, CASP8, BCL2L1, ELK1, and IKBKB was identified in poorly differentiated tumours compared to moderately differentiated tumours. The analysis of the three miRNAs targeting IL1B, CXCL8, IL1A, and CSF2 showed that miR-182-5p was upregulated in T compared with PT, whereas miR-10b-5p was downregulated in T compared with PT and control tissues. Our results may contribute to the design of new experimental therapeutic strategies based on endogenous molecules, such as miRNAs, to target the genetic key players of the NF- κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dobre
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | - Bogdan Trandafir
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | - Alessandro Salvi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Ioana Alina Bucuroiu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - Catalin Vasilescu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Andrei Marian Niculae
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania,Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | | | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania,Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - Gabriel Constantinescu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Clinical Emergency Hospital BucharestBucharestRomania
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