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Comorbidities in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Comprehensive Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:2233-2247. [PMID: 36115913 PMCID: PMC9483356 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss, affecting 85% of men and 40% of women. Androgenetic alopecia is a disease caused by multiple factors, such as genetics, hormones, and systemic diseases; however, the exact cause remains undetermined. Recent studies have found that it is associated with a high incidence of endocrine diseases and other comorbidities. It may not only be a skin disease but also an early signal of underlying systemic diseases. Effective management requires timely diagnosis and treatment initiation. However, in current clinical practice, androgenetic alopecia is still not fully understood or treated. Recognizing the true physical, social, and emotional burden of androgenic alopecia, as well as its associated comorbidities, is the first step in improving the prognosis of affected patients. This review aimed to gather the known pathological factors and provide a reference for clinical physicians to understand androgenetic alopecia and its comorbidities in depth, thereby enabling early recognition of the underlying systemic diseases and providing timely treatment.
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Chen HK, Lin MC. Psychotropic drug prescription patterns and their predictors among older adult patients with schizophrenia in a tertiary-referral psychiatric hospital. TAIWANESE JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_16_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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McPhie ML, Bridgman AC, Kirchhof MG. A Review of Skin Disease in Schizophrenia. Dermatology 2020; 237:248-261. [PMID: 32759610 DOI: 10.1159/000508868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a debilitating neuropsychiatric condition that affects 0.5% of the North American population. Skin disease in schizophrenia has not been well described. Identifying skin diseases that are commonly comorbid with schizophrenia may help clinicians address the burden of skin disease in patients with schizophrenia. SUMMARY We conducted a nonsystematic review of the literature to identify skin diseases that may be associated with schizophrenia. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO for articles published in English from December 2000 through April 2020 using the key words "skin disease" or "dermatological" or "dermatology" and "schizophrenia." Based on our results, we further refined the search terms to include more specific skin diseases. Schizophrenia appears to be associated with a number of skin diseases, including inflammatory dermatoses, autoimmune diseases, and certain genodermatoses. Limitations include being a nonsystematic review and the relative paucity of more rigorous clinical research using longitudinal study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L McPhie
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Mark G Kirchhof
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,
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Mavrogiorgou P, Mersmann C, Gerlach G, Herpertz S, Juckel G. Skin Diseases in Patients with Primary Psychiatric Disorders. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:157-162. [PMID: 32093459 PMCID: PMC7046994 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The few psychodermatological studies of primary psychiatric populations so far suggest that parasitic-infectious skin diseases are the most common dermatological comorbidity in more than 70% of psychiatric patients, which should be studied here in a large data bank outside dermatological treatment facilities. METHODS In a descriptive-explorative and retrospective study, more than 17,000 patients with primary psychiatric disorders were examined to investigate dermatological comorbidities. RESULTS The proportion of patients with primary mental disorders and additional dermatological disease was 1.24% (n=212). Here, psoriasis (35.4%) and atopic dermatitis (22.6%) were the most frequent dermatological diseases among these 212 patients. Infectious-parasitic skin diseases were present in 13.2% of comorbid patients. The most common mental disorder was a depressive illness, seen in 42.5% (n=90) of patients. CONCLUSION Our results confirmed the frequent association of depression with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, indicating the need for the early detection and treatment of such comorbid patients. In contrast, psychiatric inpatients do not appear to suffer from predominantly infectious-parasitic dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Mavrogiorgou
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Corinna Mersmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gabriele Gerlach
- Department of Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephan Herpertz
- Department of Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL-Universitätsklinikum, Bochum, Germany
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Tzur Bitan D, Berzin D, Cohen A. Hidradenitis suppurativa and schizophrenia: a nationwide cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:574-579. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Tzur Bitan
- Department of Behavioral Sciences Ariel University Ariel Israel
- Shalvata Mental Health Center Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - D. Berzin
- School of Medicine Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Be'er Sheva Israel
| | - A.D. Cohen
- Chief Physician's Office Clalit Health Services Tel Aviv Israel
- Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care Faculty of Health Sciences Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev Be'er Sheva Israel
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Lin CE, Chung CH, Chen LF, Chien WC, Chou PH. The Impact of Antidepressants on the Risk of Developing Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan. J Clin Sleep Med 2019; 15:1233-1241. [PMID: 31538594 PMCID: PMC6760393 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been reported inconsistently, and the association between antidepressant use and the risk of developing OSA in patients with PTSD has not been previously studied. Therefore, we used the Longitudinal National Health Insurance Database (LHID) to investigate the impact of PTSD and antidepressant use on the risk of OSA development. METHODS Identified from the LHID, 2,316 individuals aged ≥ 18 years with PTSD, but with no history of OSA, and 23,160 control individuals matched for age, sex, obesity and index date were enrolled between 2000 and 2015 and followed up until the end of 2015 to identify the development of OSA. A two-tailed Bonferroni-corrected P < .00038 (.05/13) was considered statistically significant as we examined 13 antidepressants. RESULTS Individuals with PTSD had increased risk of developing OSA (adjusted hazard ratio 4.672, 95% confidence interval 2.246-9.787, P < .001) after adjusting for demographic data, medical comorbidities, and medication. Treatment with antidepressants was not significantly associated with an increased risk of developing OSA compared to no antidepressant treatment. CONCLUSIONS Asian patients with PTSD had increased risk of developing OSA, and treatment with antidepressants did not play a key role in increasing the risk of OSA development. Further studies are required to investigate the underlying mechanisms of PTSD and the roles of antidepressants on the risk of developing OSA. CITATION Lin C-E, Chung C-H, Chen L-F, Chien W-C, Chou P-H. The impact of antidepressants on the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea in posttraumatic stress disorder: a nationwide cohort study in taiwan. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019;15(9):1233-1241.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-En Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fen Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Biological Optimal Imaging Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Lu Y, Zhou Z, Mo L, Guo Q, Peng X, Hu T, Zhou X, Ren B, Xu X. Fluphenazine antagonizes with fluconazole but synergizes with amphotericin B in the treatment of candidiasis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6701-6709. [PMID: 31201451 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans causes a high mortality rate in immunocompromised individuals, but the increased drug resistance challenges the current antifungal therapeutics. Fluphenazine (FPZ), a commonly used antipsychotic medication, can induce the expression of drug efflux pumps in C. albicans and, thus, may interfere with the therapeutic efficacy of antifungals, such as fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (AmB). Here, we investigated the combined effects of FLC/FPZ and AmB/FPZ against C. albicans in vitro and in a systemic candidiasis mouse model. The antifungal activity of FLC was significantly reduced when supplemented with FPZ. The inhibitory effects of FLC on the expression of the Candida virulence-related genes ALS3 and HWP1 were antagonized by FPZ. However, FPZ enhanced the susceptibility of C. albicans to AmB and further downregulated the expression of ALS3 and HWP1 in a synergistic manner with AmB. FPZ also enhanced the gene expression of ERG11, a key gene of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that has been associated with the activities of both FLC and AmB. In our mammalian infection model, mice treated with FLC/FPZ showed notably poor living status and increased fungal burden in their kidneys and brains compared with those treated with FLC alone. Conversely, the combined application of AmB/FPZ significantly improved the survival rate, attenuated the weight loss and reduced the organ fungal burdens of the infected mice. These data suggest that FPZ antagonized the therapeutic efficacy of FLC but enhanced the antifungal activity of AmB in the treatment of candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Longyi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, 3rd Section of Ren Min Nan Rd., Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Barrimi M, Aalouane R, Mernissi FZ, Ziat H, Rammouz I. Manifestations dermatologiques chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie : étude transversale sur 12 mois. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2015.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Freudenreich O, Huffman JC, Sharpe M, Beach SR, Celano CM, Chwastiak LA, Cohen MA, Dickerman A, Fitz-Gerald MJ, Kontos N, Mittal L, Nejad SH, Niazi S, Novak M, Philbrick K, Rasimas JJ, Shim J, Simpson SA, Walker A, Walker J, Wichman CL, Zimbrean P, Söllner W, Stern TA. Updates in Psychosomatic Medicine: 2014. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2015; 56:445-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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