1
|
Miutescu B, Dhir V. Training and quality indicators in interventional endoscopic ultrasound. Dig Endosc 2024. [PMID: 39021062 DOI: 10.1111/den.14881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has transformed the landscape of minimally invasive gastrointestinal procedures, necessitating specialized training for proficiency in interventional EUS (iEUS). This study evaluates the effectiveness of iEUS training, focusing on learning curves, success rates, and the associated risks in various procedures, aiming to recommend practices for standardizing training and ensuring competency. Key metrics such as procedure type, learning curve for proficiency, success rates, and risk of adverse events were analyzed to establish benchmarks for training programs. Proficiency in pancreatic fluid collection drainage was achieved after 20-30 procedures, with a 100% success rate and a complication rate ranging from 1.5 to 80%. Gallbladder drainage required 19 cases to reach an 86% success rate, with adverse events reported in 19% of cases. Choledocoduodenostomy mastery was observed after approximately 100 cases, with postintervention pancreatitis affecting 5.3-6.6% of all cases. Hepaticogastrostomy showed a 93% success rate after 33 cases, with a 24.8% adverse event rate. Hepaticoenterostomy reached 100% success beyond the 40th patient, with a 20% rate of postsurgical strictures. Pancreatic duct drainage achieved 89% technical and 87% clinical success after 27 cases, with 12-15% adverse events. Gastro-enteric anastomosis required 25 cases for proficiency and approximately 40 cases for mastery, with 5.5% immediate and 1% late adverse events. iEUS training outcomes vary significantly across different procedures, highlighting the importance of structured, procedure-specific training programs to achieve proficiency. These findings provide a foundation for developing universal competency benchmarks in iEUS, facilitating consistent and effective training worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Miutescu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chantarojanasiri T, Siripun A, Pinyotheppratarn R, Kongkam P, Pausawasdi N, Ratanachu-ek T. Revolution of hands-on model for interventional EUS: How to make a training model. Endosc Ultrasound 2024; 13:76-82. [PMID: 38947748 PMCID: PMC11213597 DOI: 10.1097/eus.0000000000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
EUS interventions have an increasing role in the treatment for hepatobiliary-pancreatic diseases. However, the procedure itself is not frequently performed, needs expertise, and carries a high risk of complications. With these limitations, the hands-on practice model is very important for the endoscopist in training for EUS intervention. There have been various hands-on models for EUS interventions, ranging from in vivo living pig model to all-synthetic model. Although a living model provides realistic sensation, the preparation is complex and increases concerns for zoonotic issues. All-synthetic models are easier to prepare and store but not realistic and still need the room for improvement. Hybrid ex vivo model is more widely available and provides various training procedures but still needs special preparation for the porcine tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaporn Chantarojanasiri
- The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE), Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rajavithi hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aroon Siripun
- The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bangkok Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Pradermchai Kongkam
- The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE), Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nonthalee Pausawasdi
- The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE), Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thawee Ratanachu-ek
- The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Rajavithi hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miutescu B, Dhir V. Impact and assessment of training models in interventional endoscopic ultrasound. Dig Endosc 2024; 36:59-73. [PMID: 37634116 DOI: 10.1111/den.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Interventional endoscopic ultrasound (IEUS) has gained significant popularity in recent years because of its diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. The proper training of endoscopists is critical to ensure safe and effective procedures. This review study aims to assess the impact of different training models on the competence of trainees performing IEUS. Eight studies that evaluated simulators for IEUS were identified in the medical literature. Various training models have been used, including the EASIE-R, Mumbai EUS, EUS Magic Box, EndoSim, Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy model, and an ex vivo porcine model (HiFi SAM). The trainees underwent traditional didactic lectures, hands-on training using simulators, and direct supervision by experienced endoscopists. The effectiveness of these models has been evaluated based on objective and subjective parameters such as technical proficiency, operative time, diagnostic success, and participant feedback. As expected, the majority of skills were improved after the training sessions concluded, although the risk of bias is high in the absence of external validation. It is difficult to determine the ideal simulator among the existing ones because of the wide variation between them in terms of costs, reusability, design, fidelity of anatomical structures and feedback, and types of procedures performed. There is a need for a standardized approach for the evaluation of IEUS simulators and the ways skills are acquired by trainees, as well as a clearer definition of the key personal attributes necessary for developing a physician into a skilled endoscopist capable of performing basic and advanced therapeutic EUS interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Miutescu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Experience-Related Factors in the Success of Beginner Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: A Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062393. [PMID: 36983393 PMCID: PMC10051516 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has become comparable to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and is now considered a first-line intervention for certain biliary obstructions. Although analysis of experience-related factors may help achieve better outcomes and contribute to its wider adoption, no concrete evidence exists regarding the required operator or institutional experience levels. This study aimed to analyze experience-related factors at beginner multicenters. Patients who underwent EUS-BD using self-expandable metal stents and/or dedicated plastic stents during the study period (up to the first 25 cases since introducing the technique) were retrospectively enrolled from seven beginner institutions and operators. Overall, 90 successful (technical success without early adverse events) and 22 failed (technical failure and/or early adverse events) cases were compared. EUS-BD-related procedures conducted at the time of applicable EUS-BD by each institution/operator were evaluated. The number of institution-conducted EUS-BD procedures (≥7) and operator-conducted EUS screenings (≥436), EUS-guided fine-needle aspirations (FNA) (≥93), and EUS-guided drainages (≥13) significantly influenced improved EUS-BD outcomes (p = 0.022, odds ratio [OR], 3.0; p = 0.022, OR, 3.0; p = 0.022, OR, 3.0; and p = 0.028, OR, 2.9, respectively). Our threshold values, which significantly divided successful and failed cases, were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and may provide useful approximate indications for successful EUS-BD.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rai P, Udawat P, Chowdhary SD, Gunjan D, Samanta J, Bhatia V, Singla V, Mukewar S, Mehta N, Achanta CR, Dalal A, Sahu MK, Balekuduru A, Bale A, Basha J, Philip M, Rana S, Puri R, Lakhtakia S, Dhir V. Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy of India Consensus Guidelines on Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Part I (Indications, Outcomes, Comparative Evaluations, Training). JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractEndoscopic management of bile duct obstruction is a key aspect in gastroenterology practice and has evolved since the first description of biliary cannulation by McCune et al in 1968. Over many decades, the techniques and accessories have been refined and currently, the first-line management for extrahepatic biliary obstruction is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP). However, even in expert hands the success rate of ERCP reaches up to 95%. In almost 4 to 16% cases, failure to cannulate the bile duct may necessitate other alternatives such as surgical bypass or more commonly percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). While surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality, PTBD has a very high reintervention and complication rate (∼80%) and poor quality of life. Almost parallelly, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has come a long way from a mere diagnostic tool to a substantial therapeutic option in various pancreatico-biliary diseases. Biliary drainage using EUS-guidance (EUS-BD) has gained momentum since the first report published by Giovannini et al in 2001. The concept of accessing the bile duct through a different route than the papilla, circumventing the shortcomings of PTBD and sometimes bypassing the actual obstruction have enthused a lot of interest in this novel strategy. The three key methods of EUS-BD entail transluminal, antegrade, and rendezvous approach. Over the past decade, with growing experience, EUS-BD has been found to be equivalent to ERCP or PTBD for malignant obstruction with better success rates.EUS-BD, albeit, is not devoid of adverse events and can carry fatal adverse events. However, neither the technique of EUS-BD, nor the accessories and stents for EUS-BD have been standardized.Additionally, different countries and regions have different availability of the accessories making generalizability a difficult task. Thus, technical aspects of this evolving therapy need to be outlined. For these reasons, the Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy India deemed it appropriate to develop technical consensus statements for performing safe and successful EUS-BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveer Rai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Udawat
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, School of EUS, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Deepak Gunjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayanta Samanta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikram Bhatia
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Singla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Nilay Mehta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zydus Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Chalapathi Rao Achanta
- Department of Gastroenterology, KIMS ICON Hospital, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Dalal
- Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sahu
- Institute of GI Sciences, Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa, India
| | - Avinash Balekuduru
- Department of Gastroenterology, MS Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhijit Bale
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jahangir Basha
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mathew Philip
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lisie Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Surinder Rana
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Puri
- Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences, Medanta Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sundeep Lakhtakia
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, School of EUS, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kitagawa K, Mitoro A, Minami R, Nagamatsu S, Ozutsumi T, Fujinaga Y, Nishimura N, Sawada Y, Namisaki T, Akahane T, Kaji K, Tomooka F, Asada S, Kaneko M, Yoshiji H. Efficacy of a dedicated plastic stent in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy during the learning curve: cumulative multi-center experience. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:296-303. [PMID: 36073949 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2118557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Currently, there are no reports on the learning curve of endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) using dedicated plastic stents. Therefore, we evaluated the outcomes of EUS-HGS using dedicated plastic stents at tertiary referral centers during the initial development phase of EUS-HGS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was strictly prioritized over EUS-HGS. Twenty-three consecutive patients treated using EUS-HGS with a 7-Fr dedicated plastic stent over 4 years beginning in 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS The most common primary disease was pancreatic cancer, and the most common reason for difficulty in ERCP was duodenal obstruction, followed by surgically altered anatomy. The overall technical success rate of EUS-HGS was 95.7% (22/23). One failed case was converted to EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy. The clinical success rate was 90.9% (20/22). Adverse events (AEs) related to the procedure were observed in four (17.4%) patients, including mild biliary peritonitis in three (13.0%) and mild cholangitis in one (4.3%) patient; all patients received conservative therapy. No serious AEs, such as stent migration, bleeding, or gastrointestinal perforation, were observed. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) was observed in eight (34.8%) patients. Of these, HGS stent replacement was performed in four patients, and other treatments were performed in the remaining four patients. Another four (17.4%) patients did not develop RBO but underwent periodic HGS stent replacement. CONCLUSIONS EUS-HGS using a dedicated plastic stent was performed safely even in its initial phase of introduction. The approach using this stent can be useful in case of ERCP failure for biliary decompression because of the high feasibility and low risk of serious adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koh Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Akira Mitoro
- Division of Endoscopy, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryuki Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tenri Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Nagamatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Yukihisa Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiko Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Namisaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kaji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Tomooka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shohei Asada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Miki Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun Z, Wong YH, Yeong CH. Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Low-Cost Models in Medical Education and Clinical Practice. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:464. [PMID: 36838164 PMCID: PMC9959835 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
3D printing has been increasingly used for medical applications with studies reporting its value, ranging from medical education to pre-surgical planning and simulation, assisting doctor-patient communication or communication with clinicians, and the development of optimal computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols. This article presents our experience of utilising a 3D-printing facility to print a range of patient-specific low-cost models for medical applications. These models include personalized models in cardiovascular disease (from congenital heart disease to aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and coronary artery disease) and tumours (lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and biliary disease) based on CT data. Furthermore, we designed and developed novel 3D-printed models, including a 3D-printed breast model for the simulation of breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and calcified coronary plaques for the simulation of extensive calcifications in the coronary arteries. Most of these 3D-printed models were scanned with CT (except for the breast model which was scanned using MRI) for investigation of their educational and clinical value, with promising results achieved. The models were confirmed to be highly accurate in replicating both anatomy and pathology in different body regions with affordable costs. Our experience of producing low-cost and affordable 3D-printed models highlights the feasibility of utilizing 3D-printing technology in medical education and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Science, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
- School of Medicine and Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Yin How Wong
- School of Medicine and Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine and Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chantarojanasiri T, Siripun A, Kongkam P, Pausawasdi N, Ratanachu-ek T. Three-year evaluation of a novel, nonfluoroscopic, all-artificial model for EUS-guided biliary drainage training for the impact to practice: A prospective observational study (with videos). Endosc Ultrasound 2023; 12:96-103. [PMID: 36861508 PMCID: PMC10134934 DOI: 10.4103/eus-d-21-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) required a dedicated training. We developed and evaluated a nonfluoroscopic, all-artificial training model known as Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Model 2 (TAGE-2) for the training of EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) and EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS). We hypothesize that trainers and trainees would appreciate the ease of the nonfluoroscopy model and increase their confidence to start their real procedures in humans. Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated the TAGE-2 launched in two international EUS hands-on workshops and have followed trainees for 3 years to see long-term outcomes. After completing the training procedure, the participants answered questionnaires to assess their immediate satisfaction of the models in and also the impact of these models on their clinical practice 3 years after the workshop. Results A total of 28 participants used the EUS-HGS model and 45 participants used the EUS-CDS model. The EUS-HGS model was rated as excellent by 60% of beginners and 40% by experienced and the EUS-CDS model was rated as excellent by 62.5% of beginners and 57.2% of experienced. The majority of trainees (85.7%) have started the EUS-BD procedure in humans without additional training in other models. Conclusion Our nonfluoroscopic, all-artificial model for EUS-BD training is convenient to be used with good-to-excellent satisfaction scored by the participants in most aspects. It can help the majority of trainees start their procedures in humans without additional training in other models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaporn Chantarojanasiri
- Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Thailand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aroon Siripun
- Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Thailand
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bangkok Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pradermchai Kongkam
- Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Excellence Center for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Hospital and Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pancreas Research Unit, and Tropical Medicine Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nonthalee Pausawasdi
- Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thawee Ratanachu-ek
- Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Thailand
- Digestive Endoscopy Training Center, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miyazawa M, Aikawa M, Takashima J, Kobayashi H, Ohnishi S, Ikada Y. Pitfalls and promises of bile duct alternatives: A narrative review. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5707-5722. [PMID: 36338889 PMCID: PMC9627420 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i39.5707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliodigestive anastomosis between the extrahepatic bile duct and the intestine for bile duct disease is a gastrointestinal reconstruction that abolishes duodenal papilla function and frequently causes retrograde cholangitis. This chronic inflammation can cause liver dysfunction, liver abscess, and even bile duct cancer. Although research has been conducted for over 100 years to directly repair bile duct defects with alternatives, no bile duct substitute (BDS) has been developed. This narrative review confirms our understanding of why bile duct alternatives have not been developed and explains the clinical applicability of BDSs in the near future. We searched the PubMed electronic database to identify studies conducted to develop BDSs until December 2021 and identified studies in English. Two independent reviewers reviewed studies on large animals with 8 or more cases. Four types of BDSs prevail: Autologous tissue, non-bioabsorbable material, bioabsorbable material, and others (decellularized tissue, 3D-printed structures, etc.). In most studies, BDSs failed due to obstruction of the lumen or stenosis of the anastomosis with the native bile duct. BDS has not been developed primarily because control of bile duct wound healing and regeneration has not been elucidated. A BDS expected to be clinically applied in the near future incorporates a bioabsorbable material that allows for regeneration of the bile duct outside the BDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Miyazawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Mizonokuch Hospital, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan
| | - Masayasu Aikawa
- Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama 350-1298, Japan
| | - Junpei Takashima
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Mizonokuch Hospital, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Mizonokuch Hospital, Kanagawa 213-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ohnishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshito Ikada
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ganapathy A, Chen D, Elumalai A, Albers B, Tappa K, Jammalamadaka U, Hoegger MJ, Ballard DH. Guide for starting or optimizing a 3D printing clinical service. Methods 2022; 206:41-52. [PMID: 35964862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has applications in many fields and has gained substantial traction in medicine as a modality to transform two-dimensional scans into three-dimensional renderings. Patient-specific 3D printed models have direct patient care uses in surgical and procedural specialties, allowing for increased precision and accuracy in developing treatment plans and guiding surgeries. Medical applications include surgical planning, surgical guides, patient and trainee education, and implant fabrication. 3D printing workflow for a laboratory or clinical service that produces anatomic models and guides includes optimizing imaging acquisition and post-processing, segmenting the imaging, and printing the model. Quality assurance considerations include supervising medical imaging expert radiologists' guidance and self-implementing in-house quality control programs. The purpose of this review is to provide a workflow and guide for starting or optimizing laboratories and clinical services that 3D-print anatomic models or guides for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aravinda Ganapathy
- School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - David Chen
- School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Anusha Elumalai
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Brian Albers
- 3D Printing Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Karthik Tappa
- Anatomic 3D Printing and Visualization Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Mark J Hoegger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - David H Ballard
- School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dhir V, Shah R, Udawat P. Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Interventions. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022; 32:507-525. [PMID: 35691694 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary interventions have evolved to become an integral part of advanced gastrointestinal endoscopy units. EUS-guided biliary drainage is an accepted alternative for patients with failed ERCP or altered surgical anatomy. The potential advantages of EUS-guided interventions include choice of biliary access from stomach or duodenum, choice of stent exit in stomach and duodenum, and possibility of avoiding traversing through the obstruction. A variety of procedures have been described depending on the level of obstruction. Maximum evidence is available for distal malignant obstruction, and more studies are needed for hilar obstruction and benign indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dhir
- Division of Endosonography, Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital-A Fortis Associate, Mumbai 400016, India.
| | - Rahul Shah
- Division of Endosonography, Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital-A Fortis Associate, Mumbai 400016, India
| | - Priyanka Udawat
- Division of Endosonography, Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital-A Fortis Associate, Mumbai 400016, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dhir V, Udawat P, Shah R, Alahari A. Evaluation of an all-in-one hybrid model (EUS Magic Box) for stepwise teaching and training in multiple interventional EUS procedures. Endosc Int Open 2022; 10:E634-E643. [PMID: 35571462 PMCID: PMC9106440 DOI: 10.1055/a-1784-3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims While multiple interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided procedures have evolved over the past two decades, there is no model that allows for training in all of these procedures. We aimed to develop and validate an all-in-one hybrid model for stepwise learning in multiple EUS interventions. Methods A hybrid model was created utilizing a pig esophagus and stomach, a silicon-based duodenum and pancreato-biliary system, a pseudocyst, and biopsy targets. This model was designed to provide hands-on training in multiple interventional EUS procedures, such as EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB), biliary drainage (BD), pancreatic duct drainage (PD), pseudocyst drainage (PSD), and gastro-enterostomy (GE). Thirty-six trainees underwent training on this model over 6 days, in two batches. Lumen apposing metal stents were used for PSD and GE. Trainees were assessed for objective criteria of technical difficulties. Subjective assessment by trainees was done via a questionnaire. Results All the trainees were able to complete the requisite steps for all the procedures under supervision. On subjective assessment, 30 trainees (83 %) graded the model as good or excellent. A total of 107 technical difficulties were noted (scope position 55, duct puncture 27, guidewire-related problems 25). Time taken to complete the requisite steps of biopsy, PSD, and GE (10.5 minutes; range 3.5 to 22) was significantly less than that for BD and PD (28 minutes; range 17 to 40) ( P < 0.001). Conclusions The hybrid model provided training for multiple EUS interventions with good acceptance by trainees. Stepwise mentoring with the possibility of performing multiple procedures in a single model with or without X-ray could prove useful in conference as well as institutional settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dhir
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of EUS, Institute of Digestive & Liver Care, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Udawat
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of EUS, Institute of Digestive & Liver Care, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of EUS, Institute of Digestive & Liver Care, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Aruna Alahari
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of EUS, Institute of Digestive & Liver Care, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Development and validation of a novel porcine bile duct dilation model for EUS training. Endosc Int Open 2022; 10:E679-E685. [PMID: 35571467 PMCID: PMC9106431 DOI: 10.1055/a-1784-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Image-guided minimally invasive techniques have transformed the management of malignant and benign bile duct obstructions. These evolving techniques are being widely adopted and applied and hands-on training using high quality models is required to improve the proficiency of practitioners. This experimental study aimed to validate an in vivo porcine model created to simulate bile duct dilation for interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) hands-on training curriculums. Materials and methods Thirty-six porcine models were involved and the procedures were performed in an experimental hybrid operating room under general anesthesia. Animals underwent endoscopic duodenal papilla clipping with several hemostatic metallic clips. After a survival period of 24 to 48 hours, the models with effective intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct dilatation were included in the hands-on training. Trainees and faculty were given structured evaluations of the model realism and usefulness. Results Extrahepatic bile duct and gallbladder dilation was achieved in all 36 of the models, and in 11 of the 36 models, a treatable intrahepatic duct dilatation was achieved. During the hands-on training, EUS-guided biliary drainage, EUS-guided transgastric gallbladder drainage, and EUS through-the-needle microbiopsy forceps procedures were feasible. Overall, 75 % of the experts and trainees evaluated the training as excellent. Conclusions We present a minimally invasive, reliable and time- effective model of extrahepatic dilation suitable for interventions. The model was less effective for intrahepatic ducts, which should be considered if intrahepatic biliary dilation is required for training.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cornejo J, Cornejo-Aguilar JA, Vargas M, Helguero CG, Milanezi de Andrade R, Torres-Montoya S, Asensio-Salazar J, Rivero Calle A, Martínez Santos J, Damon A, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Quintero-Consuegra MD, Umaña JP, Gallo-Bernal S, Briceño M, Tripodi P, Sebastian R, Perales-Villarroel P, De la Cruz-Ku G, Mckenzie T, Arruarana VS, Ji J, Zuluaga L, Haehn DA, Paoli A, Villa JC, Martinez R, Gonzalez C, Grossmann RJ, Escalona G, Cinelli I, Russomano T. Anatomical Engineering and 3D Printing for Surgery and Medical Devices: International Review and Future Exponential Innovations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6797745. [PMID: 35372574 PMCID: PMC8970887 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6797745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has recently gained importance in the medical industry, especially in surgical specialties. It uses different techniques and materials based on patients' needs, which allows bioprofessionals to design and develop unique pieces using medical imaging provided by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, the Department of Biology and Medicine and the Department of Physics and Engineering, at the Bioastronautics and Space Mechatronics Research Group, have managed and supervised an international cooperation study, in order to present a general review of the innovative surgical applications, focused on anatomical systems, such as the nervous and craniofacial system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, genitourinary system, and musculoskeletal system. Finally, the integration with augmented, mixed, virtual reality is analyzed to show the advantages of personalized treatments, taking into account the improvements for preoperative, intraoperative planning, and medical training. Also, this article explores the creation of devices and tools for space surgery to get better outcomes under changing gravity conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Cornejo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, La Molina, Lima 15024, Peru
- Department of Medicine and Biology & Department of Physics and Engineering, Bioastronautics and Space Mechatronics Research Group, Lima 15024, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Rafhael Milanezi de Andrade
- Robotics and Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alvaro Rivero Calle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez Santos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Aaron Damon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Juan Pablo Umaña
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Instituto de Cardiología-Fundación Cardioinfantil, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | | | - Manolo Briceño
- Villamedic Group, Lima, Peru
- Clínica Internacional, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Raul Sebastian
- Department of Surgery, Northwest Hospital, Randallstown, MD, USA
| | | | - Gabriel De la Cruz-Ku
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jiakai Ji
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Laura Zuluaga
- Department of Urology, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Albit Paoli
- Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Cristians Gonzalez
- Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut of Image-Guided Surgery (IHU-Strasbourg), Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Gabriel Escalona
- Experimental Surgery and Simulation Center, Department of Digestive Surgery, Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ilaria Cinelli
- Aerospace Human Factors Association, Aerospace Medical Association, VA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Deshmane S, Kendre P, Mahajan H, Jain S. Stereolithography 3D printing technology in pharmaceuticals: a review. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:1362-1372. [PMID: 34663145 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1994990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology is an innovative tool used in manufacturing medical devices, producing alloys, replacing biological tissues, producing customized dosage forms and so on. Stereolithography (SLA), a 3D printing technique, is very rapid and highly accurate and produces finished products of uniform quality. 3D formulations have been optimized with a perfect tool of artificial intelligence learning techniques. Complex designs/shapes can be fabricated through SLA using the photopolymerization principle. Different 3DP technologies are introduced and the most promising of these, SLA, and its commercial applications, are focused on. The high speed and effectiveness of SLA are highlighted. The working principle of SLA, the materials used and applications of the technique in a wide range of different sectors are highlighted in this review. An innovative idea of 3D printing customized pharmaceutical dosage forms is also presented. SLA compromises several advantages over other methods, such as cost effectiveness, controlled integrity of materials and greater speed. The development of SLA has allowed the development of printed pharmaceutical devices. Considering the present trends, it is expected that SLA will be used along with conventional methods of manufacturing of 3D model. This 3D printing technology may be utilized as a novel tool for delivering drugs on demand. This review will be useful for researchers working on 3D printing technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Deshmane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Malvihir, India
| | - Prakash Kendre
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Malvihir, India
| | - Hitendra Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Shirish Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Malvihir, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Giovannini
- Department of Medico-Surgical, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koo CS, Anastassiades CP, Ho KY. Changing perspectives in the training of endoscopic ultrasonography in Asia. JGH Open 2021; 5:1114-1118. [PMID: 34621995 PMCID: PMC8485406 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Training of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in Asia faces challenges of the ever-increasing demand for skills to handle a growing range of both diagnostic and interventional EUS procedures, and a continual shortage of EUS training programs. To keep up with the pace of development in EUS, more short-term EUS programs have been conducted across Asia in recent years. In this aspect, the Asian EUS Group (AEG) has taken the lead to fast-track the dissemination of EUS knowledge and skills across Asia through its multinational network of training centers. AEG's programs are brought to wherever there is demand. Its versatile modular structure allows the program to be easily customized and scaled up or down to align to local needs, making it highly adaptable to the changing and varying needs in different countries. Even with the current pandemic situation, it has been able to continue its training efforts through the use of technology, including webinars, and live case demonstration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Sian Koo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Hospital Singapore
| | | | - Khek-Yu Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Hospital Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dhir V, Udawat P, Shah R, Alahari A. Feasibility of an EUS e-training course with live cases. Endosc Int Open 2021; 9:E1291-E1296. [PMID: 34447878 PMCID: PMC8383075 DOI: 10.1055/a-1482-8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims One-on-one endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) mentorship was not possible at most institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We decided to test the feasibility of structured training in EUS with virtual e-classes with live cases. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a virtual EUS training course with objective end points. Patients and methods Twenty-one trainees were trained on a virtual platform over 16 classes of 90 minutes each, over 3 months. The virtual training screen had two equal parts, one showing the endoscopist's hand movements, and another the resultant EUS display. The course curriculum included EUS anatomy of the mediastinum, pancreatico-biliary region and rectum. The assessment was done on videos of procedures performed by trainees. Results Twenty trainees performed 251 EUS procedures (range 8-25, mean 12.5 ± 4.9) at their institutions. At the end of the course, all students (100 %) could maneuver the echo-endoscope through to the duodenum. Fifteen trainees sent a video for final assessment. The successful specified area identification rates were 12 of 15 (80 %) for the subcarinal space, 10 of15 (66.6 %) for the head of the pancreas, 10 of 15 (66.6 %) for the common bile duct, and nine of 15 (60 %) for the tail of pancreas. The success rate of ability to get appropriate windows was 10 of 15 (67 %) for the subcarinal space, eight of 15 (53.3 %) for the head of the pancreas, seven of 15 (46.6 %) for the common bile duct and six of 15 (40 %) for the tail of pancreas. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions A virtual EUS training course with live cases appears feasible. It allows the possibility of training a large number of students. Further evaluation is needed, especially of virtual assessment methods and training benchmarks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, Sl Raheja Hospital – School of EUS, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Udawat
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, Sl Raheja Hospital – School of EUS, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Shah
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, Sl Raheja Hospital – School of EUS, Mumbai, India
| | - Aruna Alahari
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, Sl Raheja Hospital – School of EUS, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Michiels C, Jambon E, Sarrazin J, Boulenger de Hauteclocque A, Ricard S, Grenier N, Faessel M, Bos F, Bernhard JC. [Comprehensive review of 3D printing use in medicine: Comparison with practical applications in urology]. Prog Urol 2021; 31:762-771. [PMID: 34154961 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, 3D printing has evolved rapidly. This has resulted in an increasing number of scientific publications reporting on the medical use of 3D printing. These applications can range from patient information, preoperative planning, education, or 3D printing of patient-specific surgical implants. The objective of this review was to give an overview of the different applications in urology and other disciplines based on a selection of publications. METHODS In the current narrative review the Medline database was searched to identify all the related reports discussing the use of 3D printing in the medical field and more specifically in Urology. 3D printing applications were categorized so they could be searched more thoroughly within the Medline database. RESULTS Three-dimensional printing can help improve pre-operative patient information, anatomy and medical trainee education. The 3D printed models may assist the surgeon in preoperative planning or become patient-specific surgical simulation models. In urology, kidney cancer surgery is the most concerned by 3D printing-related publications, for preoperative planning, but also for surgical simulation and surgical training. CONCLUSION 3D printing has already proven useful in many medical applications, including urology, for patient information, education, pre-operative planning and surgical simulation. All areas of urology are involved and represented in the literature. Larger randomized controlled studies will certainly allow 3D printing to benefit patients in routine clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Michiels
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - E Jambon
- Service d'imagerie et radiologie interventionnelle, CHU Bordeaux, France.
| | - J Sarrazin
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - A Boulenger de Hauteclocque
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - S Ricard
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Réseau français de recherche sur le cancer du rein UroCCR, Bordeaux, France
| | - N Grenier
- Service d'imagerie et radiologie interventionnelle, CHU Bordeaux, France
| | - M Faessel
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - F Bos
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - J C Bernhard
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Réseau français de recherche sur le cancer du rein UroCCR, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
DE Angelis CG, Rizza S, Rizzi F, Debernardi-Venon W, Caronna S, Gaia S, Bruno M. Training in advanced bilio-pancreatic endoscopy. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2021; 68:121-132. [PMID: 33793163 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.21.02869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As the clinical applications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) take more and more root in everyday practice and these endoscopic procedures become increasingly more complex and interventional with a higher chance for complications, the demand for expert bilio-pancreatic endoscopists continues to increase. In response to this growing need, specific postgraduate fellowships have been developed, however the standardization of training programs and the assessment of the achieved competence still remains an open debate. ERCP and EUS competency often requires training beyond the scope of a standard GI fellowship program, which lasts at least 1-2 years, and there are some differences in the way to face the issues of advanced bilio-pancreatic endoscopy training between Europe, America and the Asian regions. Today there is no role for the self-teaching of ERCP and EUS through trial and error without supervision and, in the near future, it is necessary to critically revise current training guidelines, to establish a standardized curriculum for advanced bilio-pancreatic endoscopists and to implement universally validated skill assessment tools, able to ensure constant and targeted feedback to trainees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio G DE Angelis
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
| | - Stefano Rizza
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Felice Rizzi
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Wilma Debernardi-Venon
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Caronna
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Gaia
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Bruno
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tan X, Li D, Jeong M, Yu T, Ma Z, Afat S, Grund KE, Qiu T. Soft Liver Phantom with a Hollow Biliary System. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:2139-2149. [PMID: 33594636 PMCID: PMC8455397 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatobiliary interventions are regarded as difficult minimally-invasive procedures that require experience and skills of physicians. To facilitate the surgical training, we develop a soft, high-fidelity and durable liver phantom with detailed morphology. The phantom is anatomically accurate and feasible for the multi-modality medical imaging, including computer tomography (CT), ultrasound, and endoscopy. The CT results show that the phantom resembles the detailed anatomy of real livers including the biliary ducts, with a spatial root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.7 ± 0.7 mm and 0.9 ± 0.2 mm for the biliary duct and the liver outer shape, respectively. The sonographic signals and the endoscopic appearance highly mimic those of the real organ. An electric sensing system was developed for the real-time quantitative tracking of the transhepatic puncturing needle. The fabrication method herein is accurate and reproducible, and the needle tracking system offers a robust and general approach to evaluate the centesis outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhou Tan
- Cyber Valley Research Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Cyber Valley Research Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Micro Nano and Molecular Systems Lab, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Moonkwang Jeong
- Cyber Valley Research Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tingting Yu
- Cyber Valley Research Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Micro Nano and Molecular Systems Lab, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zhichao Ma
- Micro Nano and Molecular Systems Lab, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Saif Afat
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karl-Enrst Grund
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tian Qiu
- Cyber Valley Research Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. .,Micro Nano and Molecular Systems Lab, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Coles-Black J, Bolton D, Chuen J. Accessing 3D Printed Vascular Phantoms for Procedural Simulation. Front Surg 2021; 7:626212. [PMID: 33585550 PMCID: PMC7873568 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.626212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: 3D printed patient-specific vascular phantoms provide superior anatomical insights for simulating complex endovascular procedures. Currently, lack of exposure to the technology poses a barrier for adoption. We offer an accessible, low-cost guide to producing vascular anatomical models using routine CT angiography, open source software packages and a variety of 3D printing technologies. Methods: Although applicable to all vascular territories, we illustrate our methodology using Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAAs) due to the strong interest in this area. CT aortograms acquired as part of routine care were converted to representative patient-specific 3D models, and then printed using a variety of 3D printing technologies to assess their material suitability as aortic phantoms. Depending on the technology, phantoms cost $20–$1,000 and were produced in 12–48 h. This technique was used to generate hollow 3D printed thoracoabdominal aortas visible under fluoroscopy. Results: 3D printed AAA phantoms were a valuable addition to standard CT angiogram reconstructions in the simulation of complex cases, such as short or very angulated necks, or for positioning fenestrations in juxtarenal aneurysms. Hollow flexible models were particularly useful for device selection and in planning of fenestrated EVAR. In addition, these models have demonstrated utility other settings, such as patient education and engagement, and trainee and anatomical education. Further study is required to establish a material with optimal cost, haptic and fluoroscopic fidelity. Conclusion: We share our experiences and methodology for developing inexpensive 3D printed vascular phantoms which despite material limitations, successfully mimic the procedural challenges encountered during live endovascular surgery. As the technology continues to improve, 3D printed vascular phantoms have the potential to disrupt how endovascular procedures are planned and taught.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasamine Coles-Black
- 3dMedLab, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason Chuen
- 3dMedLab, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has emerged as an alternative to ERCP for distal biliary obstruction in expert hands. Various routes for EUS-guided access in distal biliary obstruction include EUS choledochoduodenostomy, EUS-guided rendezvous, and EUS-antegrade (EUS-AG) stent placement. While percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and ERCP are established modalities in management of malignant hilar biliary obstruction, the role of EUS-BD is emerging. Various methods of drainage in hilar obstruction include EUS hepaticogastrostomy, EUS hepaticoduodenostomy, EUS-guided bridging stent placement, and combined ERCP and EUS-guided biliary drainage. In this review, we discuss the role of EUS-BD in malignant hilar biliary obstruction with the currently available evidence, along with the limitations and challenges to the use of this modality in management of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Sundaram
- Department of Digestive Diseases and Clinical Nutrition, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Williams MA, Smillie RW, Richard M, Cosker TDA. Producing 3D printed high‐fidelity retroperitoneal models from in vivo patient data: The Oxford Method. J Anat 2020; 237:1177-1184. [DOI: 10.1111/joa.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Williams
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Robert W. Smillie
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | | | - Thomas D. A. Cosker
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Smillie RW, Williams MA, Richard M, Cosker T. Producing three-dimensional printed models of the hepatobiliary system from computed tomography imaging data. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 103:41-46. [PMID: 32964727 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macroscopic anatomy has traditionally been taught using cadaveric material, lectures and a variety of additional resources including online modules and anatomical models. Traditional plastic models are effective educational tools yet they have significant drawbacks such as a lack of anatomical detail, a lack of texturisation and cost. Three-dimensional printed models stand to solve these problems and widen access to high-quality anatomical teaching. This paper outlines the use of three-dimensional multiplanar imaging (computed tomography) in the development of an accurate model of the hepatobiliary system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Computed tomography scans were used to construct a virtual three-dimensional model of the hepatobiliary system. This was printed locally as a full-size colour model. We give a complete account of the process and software used. DISCUSSION This study is among the first of a series in which we will document the newly formed Oxford Library of Anatomy. This series will provide the methodology for the production of three-dimensional models from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, and the library will provide a complete collection of the most complex anatomical areas. We hope that these models will form an important adjunct in teaching anatomy to medical students and surgical trainees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Smillie
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Williams
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - M Richard
- 3D LifePrints, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - T Cosker
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gallagher P, Smith R, Sheppard G. Use of three-dimensional printing for simulation in ultrasound education: a scoping review. BMJ SIMULATION & TECHNOLOGY ENHANCED LEARNING 2020; 7:410-413. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjstel-2020-000663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThere is a significant learning curve when teaching ultrasonography to medical trainees; task trainers can help learners to bridge this gap and develop their skills. Three-dimensional printing technology has the potential to be a great tool in the development of such simulators.
ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to identify what 3D-printed models have been used in ultrasound education to date, how they were created and the pros and limitations involved.DesignResearchers searched three online databases to identify 3D-printed ultrasound models used in medical education.ResultsTwelve suitable publications were identified for inclusion in this review. The models from included articles simulated largely low frequency and/or high stakes events, with many models simulating needle guidance procedures. Most models were created by using patient imaging data and a computer-aided design software to print structures directly or print casting molds. The benefits of 3D-printed educational trainers are their low cost, reproducibility, patient specificity and accuracy. The current limitations of this technology are upfront investments and a lack of optimisation of materials.ConclusionsThe use of 3D-printed ultrasound task trainers is in its infancy, and more research is needed to determine whether or not this technology will benefit medical learners in the future.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bati AH, Guler E, Ozer MA, Govsa F, Erozkan K, Vatansever S, Ersin MS, Elmas ZN, Harman M. Surgical planning with patient-specific three-dimensional printed pancreaticobiliary disease models - Cross-sectional study. Int J Surg 2020; 80:175-183. [PMID: 32622058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been increasingly used in medical applications with the creation of accurate patient-specific 3D printed models in medical imaging data. This study has been planned based on the fact that research on 3D printing in pancreaticobiliary disease is limited due to lack of studies on validation of model accuracy. METHODS This is an innovative study where general surgery residents are presented 5 distinct hepatopancreatobiliary disease scenarios to generate a perception and required to compare their perception level of these cases with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), 3D images and 1:1 solid models that the pathology, diverse diagnosis and presurgery diagnosis stages can be observed. This study is single-centered. RESULTS The dilated pancreaticobiliary intervention based on scenarios for general surgery residency was more original since there was no prior study that includes both model building and the evaluation of the perception created by the model. Five scenarios provided qualitative assessment with results showing the usefulness of 3D models when used as clinical tools in preoperative planning, simulation of interventional procedures, surgical education, and training. The perception level in the 3D model, MRCP (Z: 3.854, p: 0.000) and the 3D image (Z: 2.865, p: 0.004) was higher; likewise, the 3D-STL image was higher compared to the MRCP image (Z: 3.779, p: 0.000). All subspecialists agree that 3D models provided better understanding of dilated pancreaticobiliary pathoanatomy and improved surgical planning. CONCLUSIONS A thoroughly outlined genuine patient situation layout aimed for general surgery training can be installed and monitored with the support of 3D printing technology of this study. This can be utilized to develop the comprehension of pathoanatomical variations of complex pancreaticobiliary illness and to adopt a surgical approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mehmet Asim Ozer
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Turkey
| | - Figen Govsa
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Turkey.
| | - Kamil Erozkan
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Safa Vatansever
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muhtar Sinan Ersin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ballard DH, Wake N, Witowski J, Rybicki FJ, Sheikh A. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) 3D Printing Special Interest Group (SIG) clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: abdominal, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal conditions. 3D Print Med 2020; 6:13. [PMID: 32514795 PMCID: PMC7278118 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-020-00065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medical 3D printing has demonstrated value in anatomic models for abdominal, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal conditions. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides appropriateness criteria for abdominal, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal 3D printing indications. Methods A literature search was conducted to identify all relevant articles using 3D printing technology associated with a number of abdominal pathologic processes. Each included study was graded according to published guidelines. Results Evidence-based appropriateness guidelines are provided for the following areas: intra-hepatic masses, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, biliary stenosis, biliary stones, gallbladder pathology, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, splenic disease, gastric pathology, small bowel pathology, colorectal cancer, perianal fistula, visceral trauma, hernia, abdominal sarcoma, abdominal wall masses, and intra-abdominal fluid collections. Conclusion This document provides initial appropriate use criteria for medical 3D printing in abdominal, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David H Ballard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Nicole Wake
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jan Witowski
- 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21, 31-501, Krakow, Poland
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Oh D, Ligresti D, Seo DW. Novel swine biliary dilatation model with temperature-controlled endobiliary radiofrequency ablation: An effective tool for training in EUS-guided biliary drainage. Endosc Ultrasound 2020; 9:245-251. [PMID: 32675461 PMCID: PMC7528997 DOI: 10.4103/eus.eus_34_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is used as a rescue method after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. However, it is considered a technically challenging procedure. Phantoms and ex vivo biliary dilatation models have been used to enhance the learning of EUS-BD, but they provide a limited level of realism. The aim of this study was to develop a swine biliary dilatation model that uses temperature-controlled endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (EB-RFA) for training in EUS-BD. Materials and Methods: Target temperature-controlled (80°C at 7 or 10 W for 60–120 s) EB-RFA was performed on seven pigs. Two weeks after the EB-RFA, EUS examination was performed to confirm biliary dilatation, and EUS-BD was then attempted by performing a hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) or cholecystogastrostomy (CGS). Results: Twelve sessions of EB-RFA (11 at the distal common bile duct [CBD] and one at the proximal CBD) were successfully performed on the seven pigs. There were no immediate postprocedural adverse events. Two weeks after the procedures, clinical signs of jaundice were observed in all the pigs. EUS examination revealed massive intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary dilatations in all the pigs, and EUS-BD was attempted in the same session. HGS was performed on six pigs. Technical success was achieved in five of the six pigs (83.3%). Technical failure in HGS occurred during the stent deployment, and CGS was successfully performed on one pig. Conclusions: Our study shows that EB-RFA is an effective minimally invasive method for creating biliary dilatation models. It may be considered suitable for training in EUS-BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dario Ligresti
- Endoscopy Service, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Dong-Wan Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jovani M, Ichkhanian Y, Vosoughi K, Khashab MA. EUS-guided biliary drainage for postsurgical anatomy. Endosc Ultrasound 2019; 8:S57-S66. [PMID: 31897381 PMCID: PMC6896432 DOI: 10.4103/eus.eus_53_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ERCP is the mainstay of therapy for pancreatobiliary diseases in patients with native upper gastrointestinal (UGI) anatomy. However, when UGI anatomy is surgically altered, standard ERCP becomes technically challenging or not possible. In such instances, EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has been increasingly employed by advanced endoscopists as a safe and effective method of access to the biliary tree. In this study, we review the technical aspects and outcomes of EUS-BD in patients with surgical UGI anatomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manol Jovani
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yervant Ichkhanian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kia Vosoughi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mouen A Khashab
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Bangeas P, Tsioukas V, Papadopoulos VN, Tsoulfas G. Role of innovative 3D printing models in the management of hepatobiliary malignancies. World J Hepatol 2019; 11:574-585. [PMID: 31388399 PMCID: PMC6669192 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i7.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has recently emerged as a new technique in various liver-related surgical fields. There are currently only a few systematic reviews that summarize the evidence of its impact. In order to construct a systematic literature review of the applications and effects of 3D printing in liver surgery, we searched the PubMed, Embase and ScienceDirect databases for relevant titles, according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. We retrieved 162 titles, of which 32 met the inclusion criteria and are reported. The leading application of 3D printing in liver surgery is for preoperative planning. 3D printing techniques seem to be beneficial for preoperative planning and educational tools, despite their cost and time requirements, but this conclusion must be confirmed by additional randomized controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bangeas
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Vassilios Tsioukas
- Department of School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Tsoulfas
- Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Isayama H, Nakai Y, Itoi T, Yasuda I, Kawakami H, Ryozawa S, Kitano M, Irisawa A, Katanuma A, Hara K, Iwashita T, Fujita N, Yamao K, Yoshida M, Inui K. Clinical practice guidelines for safe performance of endoscopic ultrasound/ultrasonography-guided biliary drainage: 2018. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2019; 26:249-269. [PMID: 31025816 PMCID: PMC7064894 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound/ultrasonography‐guided biliary drainage (EUS‐BD) is a relatively new modality for biliary drainage after failed or difficult transpapillary biliary cannulation. Despite its clinical utility, EUS‐BD can be complicated by severe adverse events such as bleeding, perforation, and peritonitis. The aim of this paper is to provide practice guidelines for safe performance of EUS‐BD as well as safe introduction of the procedure to non‐expert centers. The guidelines comprised patient–intervention–comparison–outcome‐formatted clinical questions (CQs) and questions (Qs), which are background statements to facilitate understanding of the CQs. A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Statement, evidence level, and strength of recommendation were created according to the GRADE system. Four committees were organized: guideline creation, expert panelist, evaluation, and external evaluation committees. We developed 13 CQs (methods, device selection, supportive treatment, management of adverse events, education and ethics) and six Qs (definition, indication, outcomes and adverse events) with statements, evidence levels, and strengths of recommendation. The guidelines explain the technical aspects, management of adverse events, and ethics of EUS‐BD and its introduction to non‐expert institutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Isayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yousuke Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawakami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shomei Ryozawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kitano
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Irisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akio Katanuma
- Center for Gastroenterology, Teine-Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuji Iwashita
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Yamao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Narita Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Inui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
A Prototype Educational Model for Hepatobiliary Interventions: Unveiling the Role of Graphic Designers in Medical 3D Printing. J Digit Imaging 2019; 31:133-143. [PMID: 28808803 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-017-0012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of medical three-dimensional (3D) printing, in addition to 3D reconstruction from cross-sectional imaging, graphic design plays a role in developing and/or enhancing 3D-printed models. A custom prototype modular 3D model of the liver was graphically designed depicting segmental anatomy of the parenchyma containing color-coded hepatic vasculature and biliary tree. Subsequently, 3D printing was performed using transparent resin for the surface of the liver and polyamide material to develop hollow internal structures that allow for passage of catheters and wires. A number of concepts were incorporated into the model. A representative mass with surrounding feeding arterial supply was embedded to demonstrate tumor embolization. A straight narrow hollow tract connecting the mass to the surface of the liver, displaying the path of a biopsy device's needle, and the concept of needle "throw" length was designed. A connection between the middle hepatic and right portal veins was created to demonstrate transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. A hollow amorphous structure representing an abscess was created to allow the demonstration of drainage catheter placement with the formation of pigtail tip. Percutaneous biliary drain and cholecystostomy tube placement were also represented. The skills of graphic designers may be utilized in creating highly customized 3D-printed models. A model was developed for the demonstration and simulation of multiple hepatobiliary interventions, for training purposes, patient counseling and consenting, and as a prototype for future development of a functioning interventional phantom.
Collapse
|
35
|
Bohl MA, Zhou JJ, Mooney MA, Repp GJ, Cavallo C, Nakaji P, Chang SW, Turner JD, Kakarla UK. The Barrow Biomimetic Spine: effect of a 3-dimensional-printed spinal osteotomy model on performance of spinal osteotomies by medical students and interns. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY 2019; 5:58-65. [PMID: 31032439 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2019.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background The Schwab osteotomy grading scale-a unified osteotomy classification system created in 2014 by Schwab et al.-is one of many concepts in spine surgery that require detailed knowledge of 3-dimensional (3D) anatomy. 3D-printed spine models have demonstrated increasing utility in spine surgery as they more quickly communicate information on complex 3D anatomical relationships than planar imaging or 2-dimensional images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of a custom, 3D-printed spine model to help surgical trainees understand and perform the Schwab osteotomy grading scale. Methods Eight participants were randomized into 2 groups: group 1 received written instructional materials about the Schwab osteotomy grading scale, whereas group 2 received both written materials and a 3D-printed model of the spine with osteotomy regions demarcated. All participants were administered written and practical examinations. Results The group randomized to receive the 3D-printed model performed significantly better on both the written assessment (mean score, 7.75±0.50 vs. 5.75±0.50, P=0.023) and the practical examination (mean score, 1.75±0.32 vs. 1.08±0.09, P=0.025) than the group that received only written instructions. Conclusions Our results support the conclusion that this 3D-printed spine model is an effective adjunct to help early surgical trainees understand the Schwab osteotomy grading scale. Participants who received the model in addition to the source manuscript demonstrated improved theoretical knowledge and better performance on practical tests of complex spinal osteotomies. Similar models are likely to have utility in surgical training programs and as patient education models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Bohl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - James J Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Michael A Mooney
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Garrett J Repp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Claudio Cavallo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Peter Nakaji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Steve W Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jay D Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - U Kumar Kakarla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Allan A, Kealley C, Squelch A, Wong YH, Yeong CH, Sun Z. Patient-specific 3D printed model of biliary ducts with congenital cyst. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:86-93. [PMID: 30788249 PMCID: PMC6351815 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2018.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D printing has shown great promise in medical applications, with increasing reports in liver diseases. However, research on 3D printing in biliary disease is limited with lack of studies on validation of model accuracy. In this study, we presented our experience of creating a realistic 3D printed model of biliary ducts with congenital cyst. Measurements of anatomical landmarks were compared at different stages of model generation to determine dimensional accuracy. METHODS Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images of a patient diagnosed with congenital cyst in the common bile duct with dilated hepatic ducts were used to create the 3D printed model. The 3D printed model was scanned on a 64-slice CT scanner using the similar abdominal CT protocol. Measurements of anatomical structures including common hepatic duct (CHD), right hepatic duct (RHD), left hepatic duct (LHD) and the cyst at left to right and anterior to posterior dimensions were performed and compared between original CT images, the standard tessellation language (STL) image and CT images of the 3D model. RESULTS The 3D printing model was successfully generated with replication of biliary ducts and cyst. Significant differences in measurements of these landmarks were found between the STL and the original CT images, and the CT images of the 3D printed model and the original CT images (P<0.05). Measurements of the RHD and LHD diameters from the original CT images were significantly larger than those from the CT images of 3D model or STL file (P<0.05), while measurements of the CHD diameters were significantly smaller than those of the other two datasets (P<0.05). No significant differences were reached in measurements of the CHD, RHD, LHD and the biliary cyst between CT images of the 3D printed model and STL file (P=0.08-0.98). CONCLUSIONS This study shows our experience in producing a realistic 3D printed model of biliary ducts and biliary cyst. The model was found to replicate anatomical structures and cyst with high accuracy between the STL file and the CT images of the 3D model. Large discrepancy in dimensional measurements was noted between the original CT and STL file images, and the original CT and CT images of the 3D model, highlighting the necessity of further research with inclusion of more cases of biliary disease to validate accuracy of 3D printed biliary models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amee Allan
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Kealley
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Squelch
- Discipline of Exploration Geophysics, Western Australian School of Mines, Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Computational Image Analysis Group, Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yin How Wong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Teoh AYB, Dhir V, Kida M, Yasuda I, Jin ZD, Seo DW, Almadi M, Ang TL, Hara K, Hilmi I, Itoi T, Lakhtakia S, Matsuda K, Pausawasdi N, Puri R, Tang RS, Wang HP, Yang AM, Hawes R, Varadarajulu S, Yasuda K, Ho LKY. Consensus guidelines on the optimal management in interventional EUS procedures: results from the Asian EUS group RAND/UCLA expert panel. Gut 2018; 67:1209-1228. [PMID: 29463614 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) procedures are gaining popularity and the most commonly performed procedures include EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocyst, EUS-guided biliary drainage, EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage and EUS-guided celiac plexus ablation. The aim of this paper is to formulate a set of practice guidelines addressing various aspects of the above procedures. METHODS Formulation of the guidelines was based on the best scientific evidence available. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness methodology (RAM) was used. Panellists recruited comprised experts in surgery, interventional EUS, interventional radiology and oncology from 11 countries. Between June 2014 and October 2016, the panellists met in meetings to discuss and vote on the clinical scenarios for each of the interventional EUS procedures in question. RESULTS A total of 15 statements on EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocyst, 15 statements on EUS-guided biliary drainage, 12 statements on EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage and 14 statements on EUS-guided celiac plexus ablation were formulated. The statements addressed the indications for the procedures, technical aspects, pre- and post-procedural management, management of complications, and competency and training in the procedures. All statements except one were found to be appropriate. Randomised studies to address clinical questions in a number of aspects of the procedures are urgently required. CONCLUSIONS The current guidelines on interventional EUS procedures are the first published by an endoscopic society. These guidelines provide an in-depth review of the current evidence and standardise the management of the procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Y B Teoh
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mitsuhiro Kida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara City, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Zhen Dong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wan Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Majid Almadi
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ida Hilmi
- Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sundeep Lakhtakia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Koji Matsuda
- St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Nonthalee Pausawasdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rajesh Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive and Hepatobiliary Sciences Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - Raymond S Tang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hsiu-Po Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng-qu, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Hawes
- Center for Interventional Endoscopy, Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Shyam Varadarajulu
- Center for Interventional Endoscopy, Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Kenjiro Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saxena P, Khashab MA. First-line EUS-guided biliary drainage or ERCP in patients with biliary obstruction and in situ duodenal stent? Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 88:76-78. [PMID: 29935629 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2018.04.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Saxena
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mouen A Khashab
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Waschke KA, Coyle W. Advances and Challenges in Endoscopic Training. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:1985-1992. [PMID: 29454788 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.11.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges of the current era is ensuring that endoscopic training is accomplished effectively in the face of multiple competing demands. As health care delivery evolves, with rising patient complexity and increasing productivity requirements, there is mounting pressure on the time available for training in the clinical setting. The practice of endoscopy itself continues to expand to include increasingly complex procedures (eg, therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and peroral endoscopic myotomy) that require dedicated endoscopy training. The rapid pace of progress in the field of endoscopy means that the demand for endoscopy training is not limited to the formal period of training, but instead spans the spectrum to include physicians already in practice. In light of recent advances in our understanding of endoscopy training, this review will serve to highlight the current state of affairs with respect to endoscopic training and how we can consider approaching these challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Waschke
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Walter Coyle
- Gastroenterology Division, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ballard DH, Trace AP, Ali S, Hodgdon T, Zygmont ME, DeBenedectis CM, Smith SE, Richardson ML, Patel MJ, Decker SJ, Lenchik L. Clinical Applications of 3D Printing: Primer for Radiologists. Acad Radiol 2018; 25:52-65. [PMID: 29030285 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing refers to a number of manufacturing technologies that create physical models from digital information. Radiology is poised to advance the application of 3D printing in health care because our specialty has an established history of acquiring and managing the digital information needed to create such models. The 3D Printing Task Force of the Radiology Research Alliance presents a review of the clinical applications of this burgeoning technology, with a focus on the opportunities for radiology. Topics include uses for treatment planning, medical education, and procedural simulation, as well as patient education. Challenges for creating custom implantable devices including financial and regulatory processes for clinical application are reviewed. Precedent procedures that may translate to this new technology are discussed. The task force identifies research opportunities needed to document the value of 3D printing as it relates to patient care.
Collapse
|
41
|
Langridge B, Momin S, Coumbe B, Woin E, Griffin M, Butler P. Systematic Review of the Use of 3-Dimensional Printing in Surgical Teaching and Assessment. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2018; 75:209-221. [PMID: 28729190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of 3-dimensional (3D) printing in medicine has rapidly expanded in recent years as the technology has developed. The potential uses of 3D printing are manifold. This article provides a systematic review of the uses of 3D printing within surgical training and assessment. METHODS A structured literature search of the major literature databases was performed in adherence to PRISMA guidelines. Articles that met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were appraised with respect to the key objectives of the review and sources of bias were analysed. RESULTS Overall, 49 studies were identified for inclusion in the qualitative analysis. Heterogeneity in study design and outcome measures used prohibited meaningful meta-analysis. 3D printing has been used in surgical training across a broad range of specialities but most commonly in neurosurgery and otorhinolaryngology. Both objective and subjective outcome measures have been studied, demonstrating the usage of 3D printed models in training and education. 3D printing has also been used in anatomical education and preoperative planning, demonstrating improved outcomes when compared to traditional educational methods and improved patient outcomes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS 3D printing technology has a broad range of potential applications within surgical education and training. Although the field is still in its relative infancy, several studies have already demonstrated its usage both instead of and in addition to traditional educational methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheikh Momin
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Coumbe
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evelina Woin
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Charles Wolfson Center for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter Butler
- Charles Wolfson Center for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dhir V, Itoi T, Pausawasdi N, Khashab MA, Perez-Miranda M, Sun S, Park DH, Iwashita T, Teoh AYB, Maydeo AP, Ho KY. Evaluation of a novel, hybrid model (Mumbai EUS II) for stepwise teaching and training in EUS-guided biliary drainage and rendezvous procedures. Endosc Int Open 2017; 5:E1087-E1095. [PMID: 29250585 PMCID: PMC5659871 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) and rendezvous (EUS-RV) are acceptable rescue options for patients with failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, there are limited training opportunities at most centers owing to low case volumes. The existing models do not replicate the difficulties encountered during EUS-BD. We aimed to develop and validate a model for stepwise learning of EUS-BD and EUS-RV, which replicates the actual EUS-BD procedures. METHODS A hybrid model was created utilizing pig esophagus and stomach, with a synthetic duodenum and biliary system. The model was objectively assessed on a grade of 1 - 4 by two experts. Twenty-eight trainees were given initial training with didactic lectures and live procedures. This was followed by hands-on training in EUS-BD and EUS-RV on the hybrid model. Trainees were assessed for objective criteria of technical difficulties. RESULTS Both the experts graded the model as very good or above for all parameters. All trainees could complete the requisite steps of EUS-BD and EUS-RV in a mean time of 11 minutes (8 - 18 minutes). Thirty-six technical difficulties were noted during the training (wrong scope position, 13; incorrect duct puncture, 12; guidewire related problems, 11). Technical difficulties peaked for EUS-RV, followed by hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) and choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) (20, 9, and 7, P = 0.001). At 10 days follow-up, nine of 28 trainees had successfully performed three EUS-RV and seven EUS-BD procedures independently. CONCLUSIONS The Mumbai EUS II hybrid model replicates situations encountered during EUS-RV and EUS-BD. Stepwise mentoring improves the chances of success in EUS-RV and EUS-BD procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Dhir
- Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences – Endoscopy and Endosonography, Global Hospitals, Parel, Mumbai, India,Corresponding author Vinay Dhir, MD Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences – Endoscopy and EndosonographyGlobal HospitalsParelMumbai 400012India+91-22-22804769
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Siyu Sun
- Medicine, Sheng Jing Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - Do Hyun Park
- Asan Medical Center – Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Anthony Y. B. Teoh
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong – Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amit P. Maydeo
- Digestive Diseases Center, Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences, Global Hospitals, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Khek Yu Ho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Saumoy M, Kahaleh M. Progress in Endoscopic Ultrasonography: Training in Therapeutic or Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasonography. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2017; 27:749-758. [PMID: 28918810 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound is a rapidly expanding field, requiring training beyond the 3-year gastroenterology fellowship and at least an additional year in a structured advanced endoscopy fellowship program with mentorship from an expert at a sufficiently high-volume center. Simulation models can provide initial instruction on technique and increase familiarity with the rapidly changing devices. Trainees must also be given a graduated level of independence to perform each step and, eventually, be able to practice on a variety of endoscopic targets. With structured competency markers, trainees can learn methods to maximize success and minimize the risk of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Saumoy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 1305 York Avenue, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Michel Kahaleh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 1305 York Avenue, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cho CM. Training in Endoscopy: Endoscopic Ultrasound. Clin Endosc 2017; 50:340-344. [PMID: 28783919 PMCID: PMC5565040 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2017.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been recently established as an indispensable modality for the diagnosis and management of pancreatobiliary and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. EUS proficiency requires both cognitive and technical abilities, including an understanding of the appropriate indications, the performance of appropriate evaluations before and after the procedure, and the management of procedure-related complications. An increasing demand for skills to handle a growing range of interventional EUS procedures and a continual shortage of EUS training programs are two major obstacles for EUS training. Acquiring the skills necessary to comprehend and conduct EUS often requires training beyond the scope of a standard GI fellowship program. In addition to traditional formal EUS training and preceptorships, regular short-term intensive EUS training programs that provide training at various levels may help EUS practitioners improve and maintain EUS-related knowledges and skills. Theoretical knowledge can be acquired from lectures, textbooks, atlases, slides, videotapes, digital video discs, interactive compact discs, and websites. Informal EUS training is generally based on 1- or 2-day intensive seminars, including didactic lectures, skills demonstrated by expert practitioners through live video-streaming of procedures, and hands-on learning using animal or phantom models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Madácsy L, Kaltsidis H. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided extraluminal drainage: Novel concepts, challenges and future directions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL INTERVENTION 2017. [DOI: 10.18528/gii160020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- László Madácsy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, University of Szeged, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Harry Kaltsidis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Printed Materials for Simulation by Computed Tomography and Ultrasound Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 12:182-188. [DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
47
|
Itoi T, Dhir V, Moon JH. EUS-guided biliary drainage: moving into a new era of biliary drainage. Gastrointest Endosc 2017; 85:915-917. [PMID: 28411761 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Baldota Institute of Digestive Sciences, Global Hospitals, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Jong H Moon
- Digestive Disease Center, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon/Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wong JYY, Kongkam P, Ho KY. Training in endoscopic ultrasonography: An Asian perspective. Dig Endosc 2017; 29:512-516. [PMID: 28066947 DOI: 10.1111/den.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Training of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in Asia faces two major challenges: (i) the ever-increasing demand for skills to handle a growing range of interventional EUS procedures; and (ii) a continual shortage of EUS training programs. As the therapeutic application of EUS continues to expand, the need to train more new endosonographers and upgrade skills of existing ones has become more critical than ever before. A formal fellowship to acquire EUS knowledge and skills in an advanced endoscopy center has always been perceived as the best way of training novices, but such opportunities remain limited in most Asian countries. To keep up with the pace of development in EUS, more short-term EUS programs have been conducted across Asia in recent years. Such programs are generally intensive and may combine didactic lectures, live-case demonstrations, and hands-on training on phantoms, or live animal models for teaching. Although not as rigorous as conventional full-time EUS fellowships, such short-term programs are not necessarily inferior in quality. With courses offered from basic to advanced levels, and at regular intervals, busy practising endoscopists have the flexibility to attend the course that best matches their individual levels of experience, learn at their own pace and acquire EUS knowledge and skills over as many courses as desired. This open-ended progressive learning model is more agile than established fixed-term learning models and is expected to adapt better to future needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Y Y Wong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pradermchai Kongkam
- Endoscopic Ultrasound Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khek Yu Ho
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Maple JT, Pannala R, Abu Dayyeh BK, Aslanian HR, Enestvedt BK, Goodman A, Komanduri S, Manfredi M, Navaneethan U, Parsi MA, Smith ZL, Thosani N, Sullivan SA, Banerjee S. Interventional EUS (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2017; 85:465-481. [PMID: 28117034 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
50
|
Biliary bypass redux: lessons for the therapeutic endoscopist from the archives of surgery. Gastrointest Endosc 2017; 85:428-432. [PMID: 28089036 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|