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Ndayishimiye C, Tambor M, Behmane D, Dimova A, Dūdele A, Džakula A, Erasti B, Gaál P, Habicht T, Hroboň P, Murauskienė L, Palicz T, Scîntee SG, Šlegerová L, Vladescu C, Dubas-Jakóbczyk K. Factors Influencing Health Care Providers Payment Reforms in Central and Eastern European Countries. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241287626. [PMID: 39344025 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241287626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries have recently implemented reforms to health care provider payment systems, which include changing payment methods and related systems such as contracting, management information systems, and accountability mechanisms. This study examines factors influencing provider payment reforms implemented since 2010 in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. A four-stage mixed methods approach was used: developing a theoretical framework and data collection form using existing literature, mapping payment reforms, consulting with national health policy experts, and conducting a comparative analysis. Qualitative analysis included inductive thematic analysis and deductive approaches based on an existing health policy model, distinguishing context, content, process, and actors. We analyzed 27 payment reforms that focus mainly on hospitals and primary health care. We identified 14 major factor themes influencing those reforms. These factors primarily related to the policy process (pilot study, coordination of implementation systems, availability of funds, IT systems, training for providers, reform management) and content (availability of performance indicators, use of clinical guidelines, favorability of the payment system for providers, tariff valuation). Two factors concerned the reform context (political willingness or support, regulatory framework, and bureaucracy) and two were in the actors' dimension (engagement of stakeholders, capacity of stakeholders). This study highlights that the content and manner of implementation (process) of a reform are crucial. Stakeholder involvement and their capacities could influence every dimension of the reform cycle. The nine countries analyzed share similarities in barriers and facilitators, suggesting the potential for cross-country learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Péter Gaál
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureș, Romania
| | - Triin Habicht
- World Health Organization Barcelona Office for Health Systems Financing, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pavel Hroboň
- Advance Healthcare Management Institute, Prague, Czechia
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristian Vladescu
- National Institute of Health Services Management, Bucharest, Romania
- University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania
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Rossi LP, Granger BB, Bruckel JT, Crabbe DL, Graven LJ, Newlin KS, Streur MM, Vadiveloo MK, Walton-Moss BJ, Warden BA, Volgman AS, Lydston M. Person-Centered Models for Cardiovascular Care: A Review of the Evidence: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023; 148:512-542. [PMID: 37427418 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in the United States and globally. Disease burden continues to escalate despite technological advances associated with improved life expectancy and quality of life. As a result, longer life is associated with multiple chronic cardiovascular conditions. Clinical guidelines provide recommendations without considering prevalent scenarios of multimorbidity and health system complexities that affect practical adoption. The diversity of personal preferences, cultures, and lifestyles that make up one's social and environmental context is often overlooked in ongoing care planning for symptom management and health behavior support, hindering adoption and compromising patient outcomes, particularly in groups at high risk. The purpose of this scientific statement was to describe the characteristics and reported outcomes in existing person-centered care delivery models for selected cardiovascular conditions. We conducted a scoping review using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase.com, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through Ovid, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2010 to 2022. A range of study designs with a defined aim to systematically evaluate care delivery models for selected cardiovascular conditions were included. Models were selected on the basis of their stated use of evidence-based guidelines, clinical decision support tools, systematic evaluation processes, and inclusion of the patient's perspective in defining the plan of care. Findings reflected variation in methodological approach, outcome measures, and care processes used across models. Evidence to support optimal care delivery models remains limited by inconsistencies in approach, variation in reimbursement, and inability of health systems to meet the needs of patients with chronic, complex cardiovascular conditions.
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Sagan A, Karanikolos M, Gałązka-Sobotka M, McKee M, Rozkrut M, Kowalska-Bobko I. The Devil Is in the Data: Can Regional Variation in Amenable Mortality Help to Understand Changes in Health System Performance in Poland? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4129. [PMID: 35409812 PMCID: PMC8998952 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of health systems to health is commonly assessed using levels of amenable mortality. Few such studies exist for Poland, with analyses of within-the-country patterns being particularly scarce. The aim of this paper is to analyse differences in amenable mortality levels and trends across Poland's regions using the most recent data and to gain a more nuanced understanding of these differences and possible reasons behind them. This can inform future health policy decisions, particularly when it comes to efforts to improve health system performance. We used national and regional mortality data to construct amenable mortality rates between 2002 and 2019. We found that the initially observed decline in amenable mortality stagnated between 2014 and 2019, something not seen elsewhere in Europe. The main driver behind this trend is the change in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality. However, we also found that there is a systematic underreporting of IHD as a cause of death in Poland in favour of heart failure, which makes analysis of health system performance using amenable mortality as an indicator less reliable. We also found substantial geographical differences in amenable mortality levels and trends across Poland, which ranged from -3.3% to +8.1% across the regions in 2014-2019. These are much bigger than variations in total mortality trends, ranging from -1.5% to -0.2% in the same period, which suggests that quality of care across regions varies substantially, although some of this effect is also a coding artefact. This means that interpretation of health system performance indicators is not straightforward and may prevent implementation of policies that are needed to improve population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sagan
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (M.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Marina Karanikolos
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (M.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Gałązka-Sobotka
- Institute of Healthcare Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Martin McKee
- European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (M.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Monika Rozkrut
- Department of Econometrics and Statistics, Institute of Economics and Finance, University of Szczecin, 70-453 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Iwona Kowalska-Bobko
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland;
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