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Lu Y, Liu J, Li B, Wang H, Wang F, Wang S, Wu H, Han H, Hua Y. Spatial patterns of noise-induced inner hair cell ribbon loss in the mouse mid-cochlea. iScience 2024; 27:108825. [PMID: 38313060 PMCID: PMC10835352 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian cochlea, moderate acoustic overexposure leads to loss of ribbon-type synapse between the inner hair cell (IHC) and its postsynaptic spiral ganglion neuron (SGN), causing a reduced dynamic range of hearing but not a permanent threshold elevation. A prevailing view is that such ribbon loss (known as synaptopathy) selectively impacts the low-spontaneous-rate and high-threshold SGN fibers contacting predominantly the modiolar IHC face. However, the spatial pattern of synaptopathy remains scarcely characterized in the most sensitive mid-cochlear region, where two morphological subtypes of IHC with distinct ribbon size gradients coexist. Here, we used volume electron microscopy to investigate noise exposure-related changes in the mouse IHCs with and without ribbon loss. Our quantifications reveal that IHC subtypes differ in the worst-hit area of synaptopathy. Moreover, we show relative enrichment of mitochondria in the surviving SGN terminals, providing key experimental evidence for the long-proposed role of SGN-terminal mitochondria in synaptic vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200125, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Laboratory of Brain Atlas and Brain-inspired Intelligence, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200125, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Shengxiong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200125, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Hua Han
- Laboratory of Brain Atlas and Brain-inspired Intelligence, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunfeng Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200125, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai 200125, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
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O'Sullivan JDB, Bullen A, Mann ZF. Mitochondrial form and function in hair cells. Hear Res 2023; 428:108660. [PMID: 36525891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hair cells (HCs) are specialised sensory receptors residing in the neurosensory epithelia of inner ear sense organs. The precise morphological and physiological properties of HCs allow us to perceive sound and interact with the world around us. Mitochondria play a significant role in normal HC function and are also intricately involved in HC death. They generate ATP essential for sustaining the activity of ion pumps, Ca2+ transporters and the integrity of the stereociliary bundle during transduction as well as regulating cytosolic calcium homoeostasis during synaptic transmission. Advances in imaging techniques have allowed us to study mitochondrial populations throughout the HC, and how they interact with other organelles. These analyses have identified distinct mitochondrial populations between the apical and basolateral portions of the HC, in which mitochondrial morphology appears determined by the physiological processes in the different cellular compartments. Studies in HCs across species show that ototoxic agents, ageing and noise damage directly impact mitochondrial structure and function resulting in HC death. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying this mitochondrial sensitivity, and how their morphology relates to their function during HC death, requires that we first understand this relationship in the context of normal HC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D B O'Sullivan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K
| | - Anwen Bullen
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1×8EE, U.K.
| | - Zoë F Mann
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, U.K.
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Lysakowski A, Govindaraju AC, Raphael RM. Structural and functional diversity of mitochondria in vestibular/cochlear hair cells and vestibular calyx afferents. Hear Res 2022; 426:108612. [PMID: 36223702 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria supply energy in the form of ATP to drive a plethora of cellular processes. In heart and liver cells, mitochondria occupy over 20% of the cellular volume and the major need for ATP is easily identifiable - i.e., to drive cross-bridge recycling in cardiac cells or biosynthetic machinery in liver cells. In vestibular and cochlear hair cells the overall cellular mitochondrial volume is much less, and mitochondria structure varies dramatically in different regions of the cell. The regional demands for ATP and cellular forces that govern mitochondrial structure and localization are not well understood. Below we review our current understanding of the heterogeneity of form and function in hair cell mitochondria. A particular focus of this review will be on regional specialization in vestibular hair cells, where large mitochondria are found beneath the cuticular plate in close association with the striated organelle. Recent findings on the role of mitochondria in hair cell death and aging are covered along with potential therapeutic approaches. Potential avenues for future research are discussed, including the need for integrated computational modeling of mitochondrial function in hair cells and the vestibular afferent calyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lysakowski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 512, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.
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Liu J, Wang S, Lu Y, Wang H, Wang F, Qiu M, Xie Q, Han H, Hua Y. Aligned Organization of Synapses and Mitochondria in Auditory Hair Cells. Neurosci Bull 2021; 38:235-248. [PMID: 34837647 PMCID: PMC8975952 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed great functional and structural heterogeneity in the ribbon-type synapses at the basolateral pole of the isopotential inner hair cell (IHC). This feature is believed to be critical for audition over a wide dynamic range, but whether the spatial gradient of ribbon morphology is fine-tuned in each IHC and how the mitochondrial network is organized to meet local energy demands of synaptic transmission remain unclear. By means of three-dimensional electron microscopy and artificial intelligence-based algorithms, we demonstrated the cell-wide structural quantification of ribbons and mitochondria in mature mid-cochlear IHCs of mice. We found that adjacent IHCs in staggered pairs differ substantially in cell body shape and ribbon morphology gradient as well as mitochondrial organization. Moreover, our analysis argues for a location-specific arrangement of correlated ribbon and mitochondrial function at the basolateral IHC pole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Artificial Intelligence, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408 China ,grid.507732.4CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Shengxiong Wang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Putuo People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China
| | - Yan Lu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.412523.3Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, 200125 China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.412523.3Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China ,grid.412987.10000 0004 0630 1330Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, 200125 China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125 China
| | - Miaoxin Qiu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Putuo People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060 China
| | - Qiwei Xie
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Research Base of Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124 China
| | - Hua Han
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Artificial Intelligence, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yunfeng Hua
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200125, China. .,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, 200125, China.
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Lesus J, Arias K, Kulaga J, Sobkiv S, Patel A, Babu V, Kambalyal A, Patel M, Padron F, Mozaffari P, Jayakumar A, Ghatalah L, Laban N, Bahari R, Perkins G, Lysakowski A. Why study inner ear hair cell mitochondria? HNO 2019; 67:429-433. [PMID: 30969353 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-019-0662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In several systems of the body (muscle, liver, nerves), new studies have examined the internal structure of mitochondria and brought to light striking new findings about how mitochondria are constructed and how their structure affects cell function. In the inner ear field, however, we have little structural knowledge about hair cell and supporting cell mitochondria, and virtually none about mitochondrial subtypes or how they function in health and disease. The need for such knowledge is discussed in this short review.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lesus
- Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 512, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Arias
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Kulaga
- Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 512, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Sobkiv
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Patel
- Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 512, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V Babu
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Kambalyal
- Dept. of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Patel
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F Padron
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - P Mozaffari
- Dept. of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Jayakumar
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L Ghatalah
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N Laban
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Bahari
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - G Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research (NCMIR), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Lysakowski
- Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood St., M/C 512, 60612, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Dept. of Otolaryngology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Bullen A, West T, Moores C, Ashmore J, Fleck RA, MacLellan-Gibson K, Forge A. Association of intracellular and synaptic organization in cochlear inner hair cells revealed by 3D electron microscopy. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2529-40. [PMID: 26045447 PMCID: PMC4510854 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ways in which cell architecture is modelled to meet cell function is a poorly understood facet of cell biology. To address this question, we have studied the cytoarchitecture of a cell with highly specialised organisation, the cochlear inner hair cell (IHC), using multiple hierarchies of three-dimensional (3D) electron microscopy analyses. We show that synaptic terminal distribution on the IHC surface correlates with cell shape, and the distribution of a highly organised network of membranes and mitochondria encompassing the infranuclear region of the cell. This network is juxtaposed to a population of small vesicles, which represents a potential new source of neurotransmitter vesicles for replenishment of the synapses. Structural linkages between organelles that underlie this organisation were identified by high-resolution imaging. Taken together, these results describe a cell-encompassing network of membranes and mitochondria present in IHCs that support efficient coding and transmission of auditory signals. Such techniques also have the potential for clarifying functionally specialised cytoarchitecture of other cell types. Summary: 3D electron microscopy reconstructs the highly organised structure of the infranuclear region of the cochlear inner hair cell, which supports synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Bullen
- Centre for Auditory Research, UCL Ear Institute, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Timothy West
- Centre for Auditory Research, UCL Ear Institute, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Carolyn Moores
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Jonathan Ashmore
- Centre for Auditory Research, UCL Ear Institute, London WC1X 8EE, UK Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | | | - Andrew Forge
- Centre for Auditory Research, UCL Ear Institute, London WC1X 8EE, UK
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Meyer Zum Gottesberge AM, Hansen S. The collagen receptor DDR1 co-localizes with the non-muscle myosin IIA in mice inner ear and contributes to the cytoarchitecture and stability of motile cells. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 358:729-36. [PMID: 25307162 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a tyrosine kinase receptor activated by native collagen. DDRs regulate cell adhesion, migration and various other cell functions. Deletion of the DDR1 gene in mice is associated with a severe decrease in auditory function and substantial structural alterations in a heterogeneous group of cells, including cells containing actin/myosin contractile elements, e.g., outer hair cells (OHCs) (Meyer zum Gottesberge et al. Lab Invest, 88: 27-37, 2008). The non-muscle myosin heavy chain isoform IIA (NM-IIA), encoded by MYH9, is implicated in the regulation of cell spreading, cellular reshaping and movement and cell migration and adhesion. In this study, we identify DDR1 and NM-IIA co-localization in the type III fibrocytes (tension fibrocytes) of the spiral ligament, the OHCs and the stereocilia of both OHCs and inner hair cells. We show for the first time that DDR1 malfunction causes OHC deformation and the separation of the lateral wall, the location of the cellular motor responsible for the electromotile property, explicitly in those regions showing DDR1 and NM-IIA co-localization. On the basis of our results, we propose that DDR1 acts in concert with proteins of the actin/myosin complex to maintain mechanical forces in the inner ear and to stabilize OHC cellular shape for proper auditory signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Meyer Zum Gottesberge
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, No. 23.12, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany,
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Revelo NH, Kamin D, Truckenbrodt S, Wong AB, Reuter-Jessen K, Reisinger E, Moser T, Rizzoli SO. A new probe for super-resolution imaging of membranes elucidates trafficking pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:591-606. [PMID: 24862576 PMCID: PMC4033769 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201402066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
mCLING is a novel membrane probe for the study of membrane trafficking with demonstrated value in both live and fixed cells across a wide range of biological systems. The molecular composition of the organelles involved in membrane recycling is difficult to establish as a result of the absence of suitable labeling tools. We introduce in this paper a novel probe, named membrane-binding fluorophore-cysteine-lysine-palmitoyl group (mCLING), which labels the plasma membrane and is taken up during endocytosis. It remains attached to membranes after fixation and permeabilization and can therefore be used in combination with immunostaining and super-resolution microscopy. We applied mCLING to mammalian-cultured cells, yeast, bacteria, primary cultured neurons, Drosophila melanogaster larval neuromuscular junctions, and mammalian tissue. mCLING enabled us to study the molecular composition of different trafficking organelles. We used it to address several questions related to synaptic vesicle recycling in the auditory inner hair cells from the organ of Corti and to investigate molecular differences between synaptic vesicles that recycle actively or spontaneously in cultured neurons. We conclude that mCLING enables the investigation of trafficking membranes in a broad range of preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia H Revelo
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany International Max Planck Research School for Neurosciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Kamin
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Truckenbrodt
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany International Max Planck Research School for Molecular Biology, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aaron B Wong
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany International Max Planck Research School for Neurosciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Reuter-Jessen
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Reisinger
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Moser
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology; European Neuroscience Institute; and InnerEarLab and Molecular Biology of Cochlear Neurotransmission Group, Department of Otolaryngology; University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany Collaborative Research Center 889 and Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
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Kamin D, Revelo NH, Rizzoli SO. FM dye photo-oxidation as a tool for monitoring membrane recycling in inner hair cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88353. [PMID: 24505482 PMCID: PMC3914975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Styryl (FM) dyes have been used for more than two decades to investigate exo- and endocytosis in conventional synapses. However, they are difficult to use in the inner hair cells of the auditory pathway (IHCs), as FM dyes appear to penetrate through mechanotransducer channels into the cytosol of IHCs, masking endocytotic uptake. To solve this problem we applied to IHCs the FM dye photo-oxidation technique, which renders the dyes into electron microscopy markers. Photo-oxidation allowed the unambiguous identification of labeled organelles, despite the presence of FM dye in the cytosol. This enabled us to describe the morphologies of several organelles that take up membrane in IHCs, both at rest and during stimulation. At rest, endosome-like organelles were detected in the region of the cuticular plate. Larger tubulo-cisternal organelles dominated the top and nuclear regions. Finally, the basal region, where the IHC active zones are located, contained few labeled organelles. Stimulation increased significantly membrane trafficking in the basal region, inducing the appearance of labeled vesicles and cistern-like organelles. The latter were replaced by small, synaptic-like vesicles during recovery after stimulation. In contrast, no changes in membrane trafficking were induced by stimulation in the cuticular plate region or in the top and nuclear regions. We conclude that synaptic vesicle recycling takes place mostly in the basal region of the IHCs. Other organelles participate in abundant constitutive membrane trafficking throughout the rest of the IHC volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Kamin
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- STED Microscopy of Synaptic Function, European Neuroscience Institute, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (SOR); (DK)
| | - Natalia H. Revelo
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- STED Microscopy of Synaptic Function, European Neuroscience Institute, Göttingen, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School Neurosciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O. Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (SOR); (DK)
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