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Wang L, Hu X, Liu H, Zhao S, Guo L, Han J, Liu T. Functional Brain Networks Underlying Auditory Saliency During Naturalistic Listening Experience. IEEE Trans Cogn Dev Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/tcds.2020.3025947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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2
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Yihang D, Chao S, Ke N. Model study of target discrimination in concurrent auditory events. COGNITIVE COMPUTATION AND SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.1049/ccs2.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Du Yihang
- National Academy of Chinese Theater Arts New Media Arts Department Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Design and Arts Beijing China
| | - Sun Chao
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Design and Arts Beijing China
| | - Niu Ke
- Collaborative Innovation Center for HSR Driver Health and Safety Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College Henan China
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3
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Lu Y, Wang M, Yao L, Shen H, Wu W, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Chen M, Liu H, Peng R, Liu M, Chen S. Auditory attention decoding from electroencephalography based on long short-term memory networks. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Regev M, Simony E, Lee K, Tan KM, Chen J, Hasson U. Propagation of Information Along the Cortical Hierarchy as a Function of Attention While Reading and Listening to Stories. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:4017-4034. [PMID: 30395174 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
How does attention route information from sensory to high-order areas as a function of task, within the relatively fixed topology of the brain? In this study, participants were simultaneously presented with 2 unrelated stories-one spoken and one written-and asked to attend one while ignoring the other. We used fMRI and a novel intersubject correlation analysis to track the spread of information along the processing hierarchy as a function of task. Processing the unattended spoken (written) information was confined to auditory (visual) cortices. In contrast, attending to the spoken (written) story enhanced the stimulus-selective responses in sensory regions and allowed it to spread into higher-order areas. Surprisingly, we found that the story-specific spoken (written) responses for the attended story also reached secondary visual (auditory) regions of the unattended sensory modality. These results demonstrate how attention enhances the processing of attended input and allows it to propagate across brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor Regev
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erez Simony
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel.,Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Katherine Lee
- Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kean Ming Tan
- School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Janice Chen
- Department of Psychology & Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Uri Hasson
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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5
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Lemaitre G, Pyles JA, Halpern AR, Navolio N, Lehet M, Heller LM. Who's that Knocking at My Door? Neural Bases of Sound Source Identification. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:805-818. [PMID: 28052922 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When hearing knocking on a door, a listener typically identifies both the action (forceful and repeated impacts) and the object (a thick wooden board) causing the sound. The current work studied the neural bases of sound source identification by switching listeners' attention toward these different aspects of a set of simple sounds during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning: participants either discriminated the action or the material that caused the sounds, or they simply discriminated meaningless scrambled versions of them. Overall, discriminating action and material elicited neural activity in a left-lateralized frontoparietal network found in other studies of sound identification, wherein the inferior frontal sulcus and the ventral premotor cortex were under the control of selective attention and sensitive to task demand. More strikingly, discriminating materials elicited increased activity in cortical regions connecting auditory inputs to semantic, motor, and even visual representations, whereas discriminating actions did not increase activity in any regions. These results indicate that discriminating and identifying material requires deeper processing of the stimuli than discriminating actions. These results are consistent with previous studies suggesting that auditory perception is better suited to comprehend the actions than the objects producing sounds in the listeners' environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lemaitre
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - John A Pyles
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Andrea R Halpern
- Bucknell University, Department of Psychology, Lewisburg 17837, PA, USA
| | - Nicole Navolio
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew Lehet
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Laurie M Heller
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Felix RA, Gourévitch B, Portfors CV. Subcortical pathways: Towards a better understanding of auditory disorders. Hear Res 2018; 362:48-60. [PMID: 29395615 PMCID: PMC5911198 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a significant problem that affects at least 15% of the population. This percentage, however, is likely significantly higher because of a variety of auditory disorders that are not identifiable through traditional tests of peripheral hearing ability. In these disorders, individuals have difficulty understanding speech, particularly in noisy environments, even though the sounds are loud enough to hear. The underlying mechanisms leading to such deficits are not well understood. To enable the development of suitable treatments to alleviate or prevent such disorders, the affected processing pathways must be identified. Historically, mechanisms underlying speech processing have been thought to be a property of the auditory cortex and thus the study of auditory disorders has largely focused on cortical impairments and/or cognitive processes. As we review here, however, there is strong evidence to suggest that, in fact, deficits in subcortical pathways play a significant role in auditory disorders. In this review, we highlight the role of the auditory brainstem and midbrain in processing complex sounds and discuss how deficits in these regions may contribute to auditory dysfunction. We discuss current research with animal models of human hearing and then consider human studies that implicate impairments in subcortical processing that may contribute to auditory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Felix
- School of Biological Sciences and Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - Boris Gourévitch
- Unité de Génétique et Physiologie de l'Audition, UMRS 1120 INSERM, Institut Pasteur, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75015, Paris, France; CNRS, France
| | - Christine V Portfors
- School of Biological Sciences and Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA.
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7
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Evaluation of selective attention in patients with misophonia. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 85:303-309. [PMID: 29673780 PMCID: PMC9442865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Misophonia is characterized by the aversion to very selective sounds, which evoke a strong emotional reaction. It has been inferred that misophonia, as well as tinnitus, is associated with hyperconnectivity between auditory and limbic systems. Individuals with bothersome tinnitus may have selective attention impairment, but it has not been demonstrated in case of misophonia yet. Objective To characterize a sample of misophonic subjects and compare it with two control groups, one with tinnitus individuals (without misophonia) and the other with asymptomatic individuals (without misophonia and without tinnitus), regarding the selective attention. Methods We evaluated 40 normal-hearing participants: 10 with misophonia, 10 with tinnitus (without misophonia) and 20 without tinnitus and without misophonia. In order to evaluate the selective attention, the dichotic sentence identification test was applied in three situations: firstly, the Brazilian Portuguese test was applied. Then, the same test was applied, combined with two competitive sounds: chewing sound (representing a sound that commonly triggers misophonia), and white noise (representing a common type of tinnitus which causes discomfort to patients). Results The dichotic sentence identification test with chewing sound, showed that the average of correct responses differed between misophonia and without tinnitus and without misophonia (p = 0.027) and between misophonia and tinnitus (without misophonia) (p = 0.002), in both cases lower in misophonia. Both, the dichotic sentence identification test alone, and with white noise, failed to show differences in the average of correct responses among the three groups (p ≥ 0.452). Conclusion The misophonia participants presented a lower percentage of correct responses in the dichotic sentence identification test with chewing sound; suggesting that individuals with misophonia may have selective attention impairment when they are exposed to sounds that trigger this condition.
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Rinne T, Muers RS, Salo E, Slater H, Petkov CI. Functional Imaging of Audio-Visual Selective Attention in Monkeys and Humans: How do Lapses in Monkey Performance Affect Cross-Species Correspondences? Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:3471-3484. [PMID: 28419201 PMCID: PMC5654311 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-species correspondences and differences in how attention modulates brain responses in humans and animal models are poorly understood. We trained 2 monkeys to perform an audio–visual selective attention task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), rewarding them to attend to stimuli in one modality while ignoring those in the other. Monkey fMRI identified regions strongly modulated by auditory or visual attention. Surprisingly, auditory attention-related modulations were much more restricted in monkeys than humans performing the same tasks during fMRI. Further analyses ruled out trivial explanations, suggesting that labile selective-attention performance was associated with inhomogeneous modulations in wide cortical regions in the monkeys. The findings provide initial insights into how audio–visual selective attention modulates the primate brain, identify sources for “lost” attention effects in monkeys, and carry implications for modeling the neurobiology of human cognition with nonhuman animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu Rinne
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ross S Muers
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Salo
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heather Slater
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher I Petkov
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Ahn MH, Hong SK, Min BK. The absence of resting-state high-gamma cross-frequency coupling in patients with tinnitus. Hear Res 2017; 356:63-73. [PMID: 29097049 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a psychoacoustic phantom perception of currently unknown neuropathology. Despite a growing number of post-stimulus tinnitus studies, uncertainty still exists regarding the neural signature of tinnitus in the resting-state brain. In the present study, we used high-gamma cross-frequency coupling and a Granger causality analysis to evaluate resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) data in healthy participants and patients with tinnitus. Patients with tinnitus lacked robust frontal delta-phase/central high-gamma-amplitude coupling that was otherwise clearly observed in healthy participants. Since low-frequency phase and high-frequency amplitude coupling reflects inter-regional communication during cognitive processing, and given the absence of frontal modulation in patients with tinnitus, we hypothesized that tinnitus might be related to impaired prefrontal top-down inhibitory control. A Granger causality analysis consistently showed abnormally pronounced functional connectivity of low-frequency activity in patients with tinnitus, possibly reflecting a deficiency in large-scale communication during the resting state. Moreover, different causal neurodynamics were characterized across two subgroups of patients with tinnitus; the T1 group (with higher P300 amplitudes) showed abnormal frontal-to-auditory cortical information flow, whereas the T2 group (with lower P300 amplitudes) exhibited abnormal auditory-to-frontal cortical information control. This dissociation in resting-state low-frequency causal connectivity is consistent with recent post-stimulus observations. Taken together, our findings suggest that maladaptive neuroplasticity or abnormal reorganization occurs in the auditory default mode network of patients with tinnitus. Additionally, our data highlight the utility of resting-state EEG for the quantitative diagnosis of tinnitus symptoms and the further characterization of tinnitus subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Ahn
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Sung Kwang Hong
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Department of Otolaryngology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Kyong Min
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Rochais C, Sébilleau M, Houdebine M, Bec P, Hausberger M, Henry S. A novel test for evaluating horses' spontaneous visual attention is predictive of attention in operant learning tasks. Naturwissenschaften 2017; 104:61. [PMID: 28681089 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-017-1480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Attention is described as the ability to process selectively one aspect of the environment over others. In this study, we characterized horses' spontaneous attention by designing a novel visual attention test (VAT) that is easy to apply in the animal's home environment. The test was repeated over three consecutive days and repeated again 6 months later in order to assess inter-individual variations and intra-individual stability. Different patterns of attention have been revealed: 'overall' attention when the horse merely gazed at the stimulus and 'fixed' attention characterized by fixity and orientation of at least the visual and auditory organs towards the stimulus. The individual attention characteristics remained consistent over time (after 6 months, Spearman correlation test, P < 0.05). The validity of this novel test as a predictor of individual attentional skills was assessed by comparing the results, for the same horses, with those obtained in both a 'classical' experimental attention test the 'five-choice serial reaction time task' (5-CSRTT) and a work situation (lunge working context). Our results revealed that (i) individual variations remained consistent across tests and (ii) the VAT attention measures were not only predictive of attentional skills but also of learning abilities. Differences appeared however between the first day of testing and the following test days: attention structure on the second day was predictive of learning abilities, attention performances in the 5-CSRRT and at work. The VAT appears as a promising easy-to-use tool to assess animals' attention characteristics and the impact of different factors of variation on attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rochais
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR 6552-Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine-EthoS-CNRS, Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France.
| | - M Sébilleau
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR 6552-Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine-EthoS-CNRS, Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
| | - M Houdebine
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR 6552-Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine-EthoS-CNRS, Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
| | - P Bec
- CNRS, UMR 6552 -Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine-EthoS-Université de Rennes 1, Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
| | - M Hausberger
- CNRS-UMR 6552, Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine Université de Rennes 1, Université de Caen Normandie, 263 avenue du général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - S Henry
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR 6552-Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine-EthoS-CNRS, Université de Caen Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
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11
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Baghdadi G, Towhidkhah F, Rostami R. Left and right reaction time differences to the sound intensity in normal and AD/HD children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 97:240-244. [PMID: 28483244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Right hemisphere, which is attributed to the sound intensity discrimination, has abnormality in people with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). However, it is not studied whether the defect in the right hemisphere has influenced on the intensity sensation of AD/HD subjects or not. In this study, the sensitivity of normal and AD/HD children to the sound intensity was investigated. METHODS Nineteen normal and fourteen AD/HD children participated in the study and performed a simple auditory reaction time task. Using the regression analysis, the sensitivity of right and left ears to various sound intensity levels was examined. RESULTS The statistical results showed that the sensitivity of AD/HD subjects to the intensity was lower than the normal group (p < 0.0001). Left and right pathways of the auditory system had the same pattern of response in AD/HD subjects (p > 0.05). However, in control group the left pathway was more sensitive to the sound intensity level than the right one (p = 0.0156). CONCLUSIONS It can be probable that the deficit of the right hemisphere has influenced on the auditory sensitivity of AD/HD children. The possible existent deficits of other auditory system components such as middle ear, inner ear, or involved brain stem nucleuses may also lead to the observed results. The development of new biomarkers based on the sensitivity of the brain hemispheres to the sound intensity has been suggested to estimate the risk of AD/HD. Designing new technique to correct the auditory feedback has been also proposed in behavioral treatment sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Baghdadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Towhidkhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Rostami
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Feature-Selective Attention Adaptively Shifts Noise Correlations in Primary Auditory Cortex. J Neurosci 2017; 37:5378-5392. [PMID: 28432139 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3169-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory environments often contain an overwhelming amount of information, with both relevant and irrelevant information competing for neural resources. Feature attention mediates this competition by selecting the sensory features needed to form a coherent percept. How attention affects the activity of populations of neurons to support this process is poorly understood because population coding is typically studied through simulations in which one sensory feature is encoded without competition. Therefore, to study the effects of feature attention on population-based neural coding, investigations must be extended to include stimuli with both relevant and irrelevant features. We measured noise correlations (rnoise) within small neural populations in primary auditory cortex while rhesus macaques performed a novel feature-selective attention task. We found that the effect of feature-selective attention on rnoise depended not only on the population tuning to the attended feature, but also on the tuning to the distractor feature. To attempt to explain how these observed effects might support enhanced perceptual performance, we propose an extension of a simple and influential model in which shifts in rnoise can simultaneously enhance the representation of the attended feature while suppressing the distractor. These findings present a novel mechanism by which attention modulates neural populations to support sensory processing in cluttered environments.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although feature-selective attention constitutes one of the building blocks of listening in natural environments, its neural bases remain obscure. To address this, we developed a novel auditory feature-selective attention task and measured noise correlations (rnoise) in rhesus macaque A1 during task performance. Unlike previous studies showing that the effect of attention on rnoise depends on population tuning to the attended feature, we show that the effect of attention depends on the tuning to the distractor feature as well. We suggest that these effects represent an efficient process by which sensory cortex simultaneously enhances relevant information and suppresses irrelevant information.
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13
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Itatani N, Klump GM. Animal models for auditory streaming. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:rstb.2016.0112. [PMID: 28044022 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sounds in the natural environment need to be assigned to acoustic sources to evaluate complex auditory scenes. Separating sources will affect the analysis of auditory features of sounds. As the benefits of assigning sounds to specific sources accrue to all species communicating acoustically, the ability for auditory scene analysis is widespread among different animals. Animal studies allow for a deeper insight into the neuronal mechanisms underlying auditory scene analysis. Here, we will review the paradigms applied in the study of auditory scene analysis and streaming of sequential sounds in animal models. We will compare the psychophysical results from the animal studies to the evidence obtained in human psychophysics of auditory streaming, i.e. in a task commonly used for measuring the capability for auditory scene analysis. Furthermore, the neuronal correlates of auditory streaming will be reviewed in different animal models and the observations of the neurons' response measures will be related to perception. The across-species comparison will reveal whether similar demands in the analysis of acoustic scenes have resulted in similar perceptual and neuronal processing mechanisms in the wide range of species being capable of auditory scene analysis.This article is part of the themed issue 'Auditory and visual scene analysis'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Itatani
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg M Klump
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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14
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Top-down and bottom-up neurodynamic evidence in patients with tinnitus. Hear Res 2016; 342:86-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Schmälzle R, Häcker FEK, Honey CJ, Hasson U. Engaged listeners: shared neural processing of powerful political speeches. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2015; 10:1137-43. [PMID: 25653012 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Powerful speeches can captivate audiences, whereas weaker speeches fail to engage their listeners. What is happening in the brains of a captivated audience? Here, we assess audience-wide functional brain dynamics during listening to speeches of varying rhetorical quality. The speeches were given by German politicians and evaluated as rhetorically powerful or weak. Listening to each of the speeches induced similar neural response time courses, as measured by inter-subject correlation analysis, in widespread brain regions involved in spoken language processing. Crucially, alignment of the time course across listeners was stronger for rhetorically powerful speeches, especially for bilateral regions of the superior temporal gyri and medial prefrontal cortex. Thus, during powerful speeches, listeners as a group are more coupled to each other, suggesting that powerful speeches are more potent in taking control of the listeners' brain responses. Weaker speeches were processed more heterogeneously, although they still prompted substantially correlated responses. These patterns of coupled neural responses bear resemblance to metaphors of resonance, which are often invoked in discussions of speech impact, and contribute to the literature on auditory attention under natural circumstances. Overall, this approach opens up possibilities for research on the neural mechanisms mediating the reception of entertaining or persuasive messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schmälzle
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany,
| | - Frank E K Häcker
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Uri Hasson
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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16
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Nourski KV, Steinschneider M, Oya H, Kawasaki H, Howard MA. Modulation of response patterns in human auditory cortex during a target detection task: an intracranial electrophysiology study. Int J Psychophysiol 2014; 95:191-201. [PMID: 24681353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Selective attention enhances cortical activity representing an attended sound stream in human posterolateral superior temporal gyrus (PLST). It is unclear, however, what mechanisms are associated with a target detection task that necessitates sustained attention (vigilance) to a sound stream. We compared responses elicited by target and non-target sounds, and to sounds presented in a passive-listening paradigm. Subjects were neurosurgical patients undergoing invasive monitoring for medically refractory epilepsy. Stimuli were complex tones, band-limited noise bursts and speech syllables. High gamma cortical activity (70-150 Hz) was examined in all subjects using subdural grid electrodes implanted over PLST. Additionally, responses were measured from depth electrodes implanted within Heschl's gyrus (HG) in one subject. Responses to target sounds recorded from PLST were increased when compared to responses elicited by the same sounds when they were not-targets, and when they were presented during passive listening. Increases in high gamma activity to target sounds occurred during later portions (after 250 ms) of the response. These increases were related to the task and not to detailed stimulus characteristics. In contrast, earlier activity that did not vary across conditions did represent stimulus acoustic characteristics. Effects observed on PLST were not noted in HG. No consistent effects were noted in the averaged evoked potentials in either cortical region. We conclude that task dependence modulates later activity in PLST during vigilance. Later activity may represent feedback from higher cortical areas. Study of concurrently recorded activity from frontoparietal areas is necessary to further clarify task-related modulation of activity on PLST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Nourski
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | | | - Hiroyuki Oya
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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