1
|
Faubion SL, Park RK, Lichtenhan JT, Jennings SG. Effects of contralateral noise on envelope-following responses, auditory-nerve compound action potentials, and otoacoustic emissions measured simultaneously. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 155:1813-1824. [PMID: 38445988 PMCID: PMC10919957 DOI: 10.1121/10.0025137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed whether the effects of contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) are consistent with eliciting the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex for measurements sensitive to outer hair cell (otoacoustic emissions, OAEs), auditory-nerve (AN; compound action potential, CAP), and brainstem/cortical (envelope-following response, EFR) function. The effects of CAS were evaluated for simultaneous measurement of OAEs, CAPs, and EFRs in participants with normal hearing. Clicks were presented at 40 or 98 Hz in three ipsilateral noise conditions (no noise, 45 dB SPL, and 55 dB SPL). For the no noise condition, CAS suppressed or enhanced EFR amplitudes for 40- and 98-Hz clicks, respectively, while CAS had no significant effect on CAP amplitudes. A follow-up experiment using slower rates (4.4-22.2 Hz) assessed whether this insignificant CAS effect on CAPs was from ipsilateral MOC stimulation or AN adaptation; however, CAS effects remained insignificant despite favorable signal-to-noise ratios. CAS-related enhancements of EFR and CAP amplitudes in ipsilateral noise were not observed, contrary to the anti-masking effect of the MOC reflex. EFR and OAE suppression from CAS were not significantly correlated. Thus, the effects of CAS on EFRs may not be solely mediated by the MOC reflex and may be partially mediated by higher auditory centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L Faubion
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, 390 South, 1530 East, BEHS 1201, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Ryan K Park
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, 390 South, 1530 East, BEHS 1201, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Jeffery T Lichtenhan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Skyler G Jennings
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, 390 South, 1530 East, BEHS 1201, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
M B, Swathi C, Shameer S. Estimation of efferent inhibition and speech in noise perception on vocal musicians and music sleepers: A comparative study. J Otol 2023; 18:91-96. [PMID: 37153705 PMCID: PMC10159755 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
|
3
|
Cheng FY, Xu C, Gold L, Smith S. Rapid Enhancement of Subcortical Neural Responses to Sine-Wave Speech. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:747303. [PMID: 34987356 PMCID: PMC8721138 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.747303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The efferent auditory nervous system may be a potent force in shaping how the brain responds to behaviorally significant sounds. Previous human experiments using the frequency following response (FFR) have shown efferent-induced modulation of subcortical auditory function online and over short- and long-term time scales; however, a contemporary understanding of FFR generation presents new questions about whether previous effects were constrained solely to the auditory subcortex. The present experiment used sine-wave speech (SWS), an acoustically-sparse stimulus in which dynamic pure tones represent speech formant contours, to evoke FFRSWS. Due to the higher stimulus frequencies used in SWS, this approach biased neural responses toward brainstem generators and allowed for three stimuli (/bɔ/, /bu/, and /bo/) to be used to evoke FFRSWSbefore and after listeners in a training group were made aware that they were hearing a degraded speech stimulus. All SWS stimuli were rapidly perceived as speech when presented with a SWS carrier phrase, and average token identification reached ceiling performance during a perceptual training phase. Compared to a control group which remained naïve throughout the experiment, training group FFRSWS amplitudes were enhanced post-training for each stimulus. Further, linear support vector machine classification of training group FFRSWS significantly improved post-training compared to the control group, indicating that training-induced neural enhancements were sufficient to bolster machine learning classification accuracy. These results suggest that the efferent auditory system may rapidly modulate auditory brainstem representation of sounds depending on their context and perception as non-speech or speech.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yin Cheng
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Lisa Gold
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Spencer Smith
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jennings SG. The role of the medial olivocochlear reflex in psychophysical masking and intensity resolution in humans: a review. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:2279-2308. [PMID: 33909513 PMCID: PMC8285664 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00672.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the putative role of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex in psychophysical masking and intensity resolution in humans. A framework for interpreting psychophysical results in terms of the expected influence of the MOC reflex is introduced. This framework is used to review the effects of a precursor or contralateral acoustic stimulation on 1) simultaneous masking of brief tones, 2) behavioral estimates of cochlear gain and frequency resolution in forward masking, 3) the buildup and decay of forward masking, and 4) measures of intensity resolution. Support, or lack thereof, for a role of the MOC reflex in psychophysical perception is discussed in terms of studies on estimates of MOC strength from otoacoustic emissions and the effects of resection of the olivocochlear bundle in patients with vestibular neurectomy. Novel, innovative approaches are needed to resolve the dissatisfying conclusion that current results are unable to definitively confirm or refute the role of the MOC reflex in masking and intensity resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skyler G Jennings
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex provides efferent feedback from the brainstem to cochlear outer hair cells. Physiologic studies have demonstrated that the MOC reflex is involved in "unmasking" of signals-in-noise at the level of the auditory nerve; however, its functional importance in human hearing remains unclear. DESIGN This study examined relationships between pre-neural measurements of MOC reflex strength (click-evoked otoacoustic emission inhibition; CEOAE) and neural measurements of speech-in-noise encoding (speech frequency following response; sFFR) in four conditions (Quiet, Contralateral Noise, Ipsilateral Noise, and Ipsilateral + Contralateral Noise). Three measures of CEOAE inhibition (amplitude reduction, effective attenuation, and input-output slope inhibition) were used to quantify pre-neural MOC reflex strength. Correlations between pre-neural MOC reflex strength and sFFR "unmasking" (i.e. response recovery from masking effects with activation of the MOC reflex in time and frequency domains) were assessed. STUDY SAMPLE 18 young adults with normal hearing. RESULTS sFFR unmasking effects were insignificant, and there were no correlations between pre-neural MOC reflex strength and sFFR unmasking in the time or frequency domain. CONCLUSION Our results do not support the hypothesis that the MOC reflex is involved in speech-in-noise neural encoding, at least for features that are represented in the sFFR at the SNR tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Smith
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - B Cone
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lucchetti F, Deltenre P, Avan P, Giraudet F, Fan X, Nonclercq A. Generalization of the primary tone phase variation method: An exclusive way of isolating the frequency-following response components. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 144:2400. [PMID: 30404467 DOI: 10.1121/1.5063821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The primary tone phase variation (PTPV) technique combines selective sub-averaging with systematic variation of the phases of multitone stimuli. Each response component having a known phase relationship with the stimulus components phases can be isolated in the time domain. The method was generalized to the frequency-following response (FFR) evoked by a two-tone (f 1 and f 2) stimulus comprising both linear and non-linear, as well as transient components. The generalized PTPV technique isolated each spectral component present in the FFR, including those sharing the same frequency, allowing comparison of their latencies. After isolation of the envelope component f 2 - f 1 from its harmonic distortion 2f 2 - 2f 1 and from the transient auditory brainstem response, a computerized analysis of instantaneous amplitudes and phases was applied in order to objectively determine the onset and offset latencies of the response components. The successive activation of two generators separated by 3.7 ms could be detected in all (N = 12) awake adult normal subjects, but in none (N = 10) of the sleeping/sedated children with normal hearing thresholds. The method offers an unprecedented way of disentangling the various FFR subcomponents. These results open the way for renewed investigations of the FFR components in both human and animal research as well as for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lucchetti
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive CP403/22, Brugmann Hospital, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Brussels, B1060, Belgium
| | - Paul Deltenre
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Sensorielle et Cognitive CP403/22, Brugmann Hospital, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Brussels, B1060, Belgium
| | - Paul Avan
- Laboratory of Neurosensory Biophysics Unité mixte de recherche, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale 1107, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, F63001, France
| | - Fabrice Giraudet
- Laboratory of Neurosensory Biophysics Unité mixte de recherche, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale 1107, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38 Clermont-Ferrand, Cedex 1, F63001, France
| | - Xiaoya Fan
- Bio-, Electro- and Mechanical Systems CP165/56, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50 Brussels, B1050, Belgium
| | - Antoine Nonclercq
- Bio-, Electro- and Mechanical Systems CP165/56, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50 Brussels, B1050, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lopez-Poveda EA. Olivocochlear Efferents in Animals and Humans: From Anatomy to Clinical Relevance. Front Neurol 2018; 9:197. [PMID: 29632514 PMCID: PMC5879449 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olivocochlear efferents allow the central auditory system to adjust the functioning of the inner ear during active and passive listening. While many aspects of efferent anatomy, physiology and function are well established, others remain controversial. This article reviews the current knowledge on olivocochlear efferents, with emphasis on human medial efferents. The review covers (1) the anatomy and physiology of olivocochlear efferents in animals; (2) the methods used for investigating this auditory feedback system in humans, their limitations and best practices; (3) the characteristics of medial-olivocochlear efferents in humans, with a critical analysis of some discrepancies across human studies and between animal and human studies; (4) the possible roles of olivocochlear efferents in hearing, discussing the evidence in favor and against their role in facilitating the detection of signals in noise and in protecting the auditory system from excessive acoustic stimulation; and (5) the emerging association between abnormal olivocochlear efferent function and several health conditions. Finally, we summarize some open issues and introduce promising approaches for investigating the roles of efferents in human hearing using cochlear implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique A Lopez-Poveda
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|