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Sağlam M, Kılıç İH, Zer Y. Investigation of SCCmec Types using the Real Time PCR Method in Cefoxitin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. Indian J Med Microbiol 2024; 50:100649. [PMID: 38876184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen that can cause many community and hospital-acquired infections. This study was conducted to investigate the SCCmec gene types responsible for methicillin resistance in MRSA isolates isolated from hospitalised patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS MRSA isolates isolated from samples sent from various clinics to Gaziantep University Hospital Microbiology Laboratory between March 2021-January 2022 were included in the study. Bacteria were identified using by VITEK 2 automated system. Cefoxitin (FOX) resistance was determined by the disc diffusion method according to EUCAST standards. Cefoxitin resistance was confirmed by the Penicillin Binding Protein 2' latex agglutination test. Types of mecA, mecC, coa, nuc, Panton Valentin Leukocidin (PVL), ccrC2, class A mec, SCCmec types in isolates detected as MRSA were investigated by real-time PCR. RESULTS In this study, 116 isolates meeting the study criteria were examined. By detecting the nuc and coa genes in all isolates by PCR, the phenotypic identification of S.aureus was confirmed. While the mecA gene was detected in all MRSA isolates, no mecC gene was detected in any isolates. Detected SCCmec types were as follows; SCCmec Type 1 (2.6%), Type II (28.4%), Type III (12.9%), Type IVa (11.2%), Type IVb (3.4%), Type IVc (3.4%), Type IVg (12.1%), Type V (0.9%), Type VII (4.3%), Type VIII (18.1%), Type IX (0.9%), Type XII (1.7%). On the other hand, SCCmec Type VI, X, XI and XIII were not found in any isolate. It was determined that four of the MRSA isolates (3.4%) carried the PVL gene that two (50%) of these were found in SCCmec Type VIII. CONCLUSION Monitoring of FOX resistance is an effective and safe method for determination of MRSA isolates. The change in the mec gene causes resistance, which should be monitored regularly with molecular methods. Our study is the first study in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sağlam
- Gaziantep University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, 27310 Şehitkamil/Gaziantep, Turkey,.
| | - İbrahim Halil Kılıç
- Gaziantep University Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Zer
- Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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Koga S, Takazono T, Kido T, Muramatsu K, Tokutsu K, Tokito T, Okuno D, Ito Y, Yura H, Takeda K, Iwanaga N, Ishimoto H, Sakamoto N, Yatera K, Izumikawa K, Yanagihara K, Fujino Y, Fushimi K, Matsuda S, Mukae H. Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Use of Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Agents for Aspiration Pneumonia in Older Patients Using a Nationwide Japanese Administrative Database. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1905. [PMID: 37630465 PMCID: PMC10456764 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies indicated potential harm from empirical broad-spectrum therapy. A recent study of hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia suggested that empirical anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) therapy was associated with an increased risk of death and other complications. However, limited evidence supports empirical anti-MRSA therapy for older patients with aspiration pneumonia. In a nationwide Japanese database, patients aged ≥65 years on admission with aspiration pneumonia were analyzed. Patients were divided based on presence of respiratory failure and further sub-categorized based on their condition within 3 days of hospital admission, either receiving a combination of anti-MRSA agents and other antibiotics, or not using MRSA agents. An inverse probability weighting method with estimated propensity scores was used. Out of 81,306 eligible patients, 55,098 had respiratory failure, and 26,208 did not. In the group with and without respiratory failure, 0.93% and 0.42% of the patients, respectively, received anti-MRSA agents. In patients with respiratory failure, in-hospital mortality (31.38% vs. 19.03%, p < 0.001), 30-day mortality, and 90-day mortality were significantly higher, and oxygen administration length was significantly longer in the anti-MRSA agent combination group. Anti-MRSA agent combination use did not improve the outcomes in older patients with aspiration pneumonia and respiratory failure, and should be carefully and comprehensively considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Koga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takazono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takashi Kido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Muramatsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Tokutsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Takatomo Tokito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwanaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Noriho Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Izumikawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yanagihara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyusyu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Takeuchi M, Teshima M, Okubo S, Aoki S. In silico
and
in vitro
Identification of Compounds with Dual Pharmacological Activity against Metionyl‐tRNA Synthetase and Isoleucyl‐tRNA Synthetase of
Staphylococcus aureus. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masamune Takeuchi
- Department of Bioscience & Bioinformatics Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 Kawadu Iizuka Fukuoka Japan. (Shunsuke Aoki
| | - Mio Teshima
- Department of Bioscience & Bioinformatics Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 Kawadu Iizuka Fukuoka Japan. (Shunsuke Aoki
| | - Saya Okubo
- Department of Bioscience & Bioinformatics Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 Kawadu Iizuka Fukuoka Japan. (Shunsuke Aoki
| | - Shunsuke Aoki
- Department of Bioscience & Bioinformatics Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 Kawadu Iizuka Fukuoka Japan. (Shunsuke Aoki
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Patil S, Dong S, Sharma D, Lopes BS, Hanafiah A, Chen X, Wen F. Molecular Epidemiology and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant MRSA ST398 and ST239 in Himachal Pradesh, India. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:2339-2348. [PMID: 37125211 PMCID: PMC10134341 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s409037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of severe and difficult-to-treat infections in humans and animals. We aimed to identify the predominant lineages of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Himachal Pradesh, India, to understand the genomic epidemiology along with the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Methods We isolated 250 S. aureus from two district hospitals in Himachal Pradesh, India. Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were subjected to MLST, SCCmec typing, and resistance as well as virulence determinants were determined by PCR and sequencing. Bio-typing was also performed for source tracking. Results A 17.6% (44/250) of isolates were classified as MRSA by both the MRSA detection kit and disc diffusion methods. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of MRSA isolates (n = 44) showed high resistance to oxacillin (77.27%), erythromycin (77.27%), tetracycline (75%), cefoxitin (65.9%), and gentamicin (61.36%), while low resistance was observed for teicoplanin (36.36%), vancomycin and levofloxacin (31.81%) and fusidic acid (18.18%). All isolates were sensitive to linezolid, quinupristin-dulfopristin, dalbavancin, and cefazoline. The SCCmec-II was observed in 20.45% of isolates, SCCmec-I in 11.36%, SCCmec-III in 9%, SCCmec-IV in 40.9% and SCCmec-V in 18.18%. The mecA gene was present in all isolates (n = 44) and 50% also had the vanA gene. 35% of isolates had the lukS-PV/lukf-PV toxin gene and 11.36% had the co-existence of mecA, vanA, and lukS-PV/lukf-PV. The major strain was ST398 (39%) followed by ST239 (27%), ST217 (16%), ST121 (11%), and ST338 (7%). The MRSA isolates produced staphylokinase and β-hemolysis but were negative for bovine plasma coagulation tests. In Conclusion The predominant MRSA clones in Himachal Pradesh, India, were hospital-associated multi-drug resistant-MRSA ST239 with PVL and community-associated MRSA ST398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Patil
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Devender Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Himachal Dental College, Sundar Nagar, Himachal Pradesh, India
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bruno Silvester Lopes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, DL1 1HG, UK
| | - Alfizah Hanafiah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Paediatric Research Institute, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Feiqiu Wen, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-755-83009888, Email
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Zhong J, Wei M, Yang C, Yin Y, Bai Y, Li R, Gu L. Molecular Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clinical Characteristics of Different Sites of Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:1485-1497. [PMID: 36945681 PMCID: PMC10024868 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s401998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Since community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was recognized, the molecular epidemiology of CA-MRSA in China has been diverse. It is unclear whether different sites of CA-MRSA infection differ in antimicrobial resistance and clinical characteristics. The purpose of this study was to identify the molecular types, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of CA-MRSA strains and to analyze the clinical characteristics of different sites of CA-MRSA infection. Methods 26 CA-MRSA strains were screened from Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from 2014 to 2022. SCCmec type, MLST type, spa type, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), hemolysin α (Hla), phenolic soluble regulatory protein α (PSMα), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), and enterotoxin (SE) A to E were detected by PCR and gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and the clinical features of CA-MRSA infection cases were collected for statistical analysis. Results The predominant type of CA-MRSA was ST59-t437-IV. New non-epidemic types, SCCmec VII, were also found. PVL was seen in 65.4% of CA-MRSA strains and TSST-1 was only be detected in 3.8% of CA-MRSA strain which caused poor prognosis. There were three types of infections: pneumonia (61.5%), infective endocarditis (7.7%), and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) (30.8%). CA-MRSA pneumonia cases were secondary to influenza infection (37.5%). Patients with CA-MRSA-associated infective endocarditis were more likely to have underlying cardiac diseases. Patients with CA-MRSA-associated SSTIs were more likely to have a history of diabetes mellitus, and strains in this group were more susceptible to erythromycin and clindamycin. Conclusion ST59-t437-IV was the primary CA-MRSA type in our research and in China. We proposed that TSST-1 might be one of the indicators to predict the severity and prognosis of CA-MRSA infection. Different sites of CA-MRSA infection had difference in antibiotics susceptibility testing and underlying diseases of patients. It could provide a new perspective on treating different types of CA-MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Montelongo C, Mores CR, Putonti C, Wolfe AJ, Abouelfetouh A. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus Clinical Isolates from Egypt. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0241321. [PMID: 35727037 PMCID: PMC9431571 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02413-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus are a global concern. This is true in the Middle East, where increasingly resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus strains have been detected. While extensive surveys have revealed the prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant staphylococci in Europe, Asia, and North America, the population structure of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci recovered from patients and clinical settings in Egypt remains uncharacterized. We performed whole-genome sequencing of 56 S. aureus and 10 S. haemolyticus isolates from Alexandria Main University Hospital; 46 of the S. aureus genomes and all 10 of the S. haemolyticus genomes carry mecA, which confers methicillin resistance. Supplemented with additional publicly available genomes from the other parts of the Middle East (34 S. aureus and 6 S. haemolyticus), we present the largest genomic study to date of staphylococcal isolates from the Middle East. These genomes include 20 S. aureus multilocus sequence types (MLST), including 3 new ones. They also include 9 S. haemolyticus MLSTs, including 1 new one. Phylogenomic analyses of each species' core genome largely mirrored those of the MLSTs, irrespective of geographical origin. The hospital-acquired spa t037/ST239-SCCmec III/MLST CC8 clone represented the largest clade, comprising 22% of the S. aureus isolates. Like S. aureus genome surveys of other regions, these isolates from the Middle East have an open pangenome, a strong indicator of gene exchange of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes with other reservoirs. Our genome analyses will inform antibiotic stewardship and infection control plans in the Middle East. IMPORTANCE Staphylococci are understudied despite their prevalence within the Middle East. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is endemic to hospitals in Egypt, as are other antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus and S. haemolyticus. To provide insight into the strains circulating in Egypt, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 56 S. aureus and 10 S. haemolyticus isolates from Alexandria Main University Hospital. Through analysis of these genomes, as well as all available S. aureus and S. haemolyticus genomes from the Middle East (n = 40), we were able to produce a picture of the diversity in this region more complete than those afforded by traditional molecular typing strategies. For example, we identified 4 new MLSTs. Most strains harbored genes associated with multidrug resistance, toxin production, biofilm formation, and immune evasion. These data provide invaluable insight for future antibiotic stewardship and infection control within the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Montelongo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Carine R. Mores
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Catherine Putonti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alan J. Wolfe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Alaa Abouelfetouh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alamein International University, Alamein, Egypt
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Role of Bioaerosols on the Short-Distance Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Chicken Farm Environment. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010081. [PMID: 35052958 PMCID: PMC8773248 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a dynamic and tenacious pathogenic bacterium which is prevalent in livestock farming environments. This study investigated the possibility of MRSA spread via bioaerosol transmission from an indoor chicken farm environment to outdoors downwind (up to 50 m). The concentration of total airborne bacteria colony formation units (CFUs) was decreased with increasing sampling distance ranging from 9.18 × 101 to 3.67 × 103 per air volume (m3). Among the 21 MRSA isolates, 15 were isolated from indoor chicken sheds and exposure square areas, whereas 6 were isolated from downwind bioaerosol samples. Molecular characterization revealed that all of them carried the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) VIII, and they were remarkably linked with the hospital-associated MRSA group. Spa typing analysis determined that all MRSA isolates belonged to spa type t002. Virulence analysis showed that 100% of total isolates possessed exfoliative toxin A (eta), whereas 38.09% and 23.80% strains carried exfoliative toxin B (etb) and enterotoxin A (entA). Additionally, all of these MRSA isolates carried multidrug resistance properties and showed their resistance against chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. In addition, chi-squared statistical analysis displayed a significant distributional relationship of gene phenotypes between MRSA isolates from chicken farm indoor and downwind bioaerosol samples. The results of this study revealed that chicken farm indoor air might act as a hotspot of MRSA local community-level outbreak, wherein the short-distance dispersal of MRSA could be supported by bioaerosols.
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Suleiman A, Ademola O, Olalekan O. Constellation of methicillin-resistant genomic islands (SCCmec) among nasal meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/afmnai38-25349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The apprehensiveness for the knowledge vacuum on existential threat of nasal carriage of pvl+ healthcare-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) strains amongst subjects in hospitals have led us to pursue a grasp on the constellation of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types and pvl gene among mecA positive MRSA nasal strains. This was accomplished by phenotypic (catalase, coagulase, Microgen staph ID, ORSAB) and genotypic (polymerase chain reaction) biotyping techniques. All the mecA+ strains harboured the SCCmec gene; SCCmec type I prevailed in 43.75% and pvl was found in 42.1% of the isolates. Dual carriage of mecA and pvl genes occurred in six (37.5%, n = 6/16) strains. Overall, majority of the mecA+ MRSA strains documented in this study carried SCCmec elements of the HA genotype with a hint of community-acquired (CA)genotype suggesting a possible coexistence of both HA-MRSA and community-acquiredhealthcare-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains. Consequently, the implementation of methodical surveillance is needed for the evaluation of potential shifts in directionality of (HA-MRSA/CA-MRSA) pvl+ MRSA clones in our hospitals for effective and prudent antimicrobial stewardship.
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Amin DHM, Guler E, Baddal B. Prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates at a university hospital in Northern Cyprus: a pilot study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:490. [PMID: 33081819 PMCID: PMC7576721 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a healthcare problem worldwide. There are no reports on the virulence characteristics of MRSA in Northern Cyprus (NC). This study aimed to determine the presence of pvl among MRSA isolates from patients admitted to a university hospital in NC using molecular methods. Fifty S. aureus strains were included in this study. BD Phoenix automated identification system was used for bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Methicillin resistance was confirmed by disc diffusion assay. Presence of nuc and mecA genes was tested by multiplex PCR. Detection of pvl gene was performed by single-target PCR. Results Out of 50 S. aureus isolates identified as MRSA by BD Phoenix system, 3 were susceptible to cefoxitin with disc diffusion assay and were confirmed as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). All isolates (n = 50, 100%) tested positive for the presence nuc gene and 68% (n = 34/50) were mecA positive. pvl was detected in 27.7% (n = 13/47) of the MRSA isolates. Among PVL-positive MRSA isolates, 69.2% (9/13) were inpatients. PVL-MRSA was more common in isolates from deep tracheal aspirate (30.8%, 4/13) and abscess/wound (23.1%, 3/13). This represents the first study of PVL presence among MRSA in hospital setting in NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyar Hameed M Amin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emrah Guler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Buket Baddal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus. .,Microbial Pathogenesis Research Group, DESAM Institute, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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