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Mendarte-Alquisira C, Ferrera-Cerrato R, Mendoza-López MR, Alarcón A. Biochemical responses of Echinochloa polystachya inoculated with a Trichoderma consortium during the removal of a pyrethroid-based pesticide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38825879 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2357641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The biochemical response of plants exposed to pesticides and inoculated with microorganisms is of great importance to explore cleaning up strategies for contaminated sites with pyrethroid-based pesticides. We evaluated the effects of a Trichoderma consortium on the biochemical responses of Echinochloa polystachya plants during the removal of a pyrethroid-based pesticide. Plants were inoculated or not with the Trichoderma consortium and exposed to commercial pesticide H24®, based on pyrethroids. Pesticide application resulted in significant reduction in root protein content (58%), but enhanced content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in shoots, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in shoots and roots, and catalase (CAT) activity in roots. Inoculation of Trichoderma consortium in E. polystachya exposed to the pesticide resulted in increased protein content in roots and MDA content in shoots (2-fold). Trichoderma consortium improved protein content and SOD activity (140-fold) in plants. Fungal inoculation increased the removal (97.9%) of the pesticide in comparison to the sole effect of plants (33.9%). Results allow further understanding about the responses of the interaction between plants and root-associated fungi to improving the assisted-phytoremediation of solid matrices contaminated with organic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato
- Microbiología de Suelos, Postgrado de Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, México
| | | | - Alejandro Alarcón
- Microbiología de Suelos, Postgrado de Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, México
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Temel Y. Effects of Arbutin on Potassium Bromate-Induced Erythrocyte Toxicity in Rats: Biochemical Evaluation of Some Metabolic Enzyme Activities In Vivo and In Vitro. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36581-36587. [PMID: 37810665 PMCID: PMC10552105 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibitory effect of potassium bromate on the pentose phosphate pathway and intracellular antioxidant systems enzymes (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)) and the role of arbutin in ameliorating this inhibition were investigated. In the in vivo phase of the study, Wistar Albino rats (28 male adults) were randomly divided into four groups. Control (n = 7): isotonic serum (0.5 mL, i.p), potassium bromate group (n = 7): potassium bromate (100 mg/kg), arbutin group (n = 7): arbutin (i.p.) (50 mg/kg/day), potassium bromate + arbutin, and Group (n = 7): potassium bromate (100 mg/kg) + arbutin (50 mg/kg/day) (i.p). The results of in vivo study showed that the activities of G6PD, 6PGD, GR, and TrxR enzymes were strongly inhibited in potassium bromate groups (p < 0.05). It was determined that GST enzyme activity decreased in the potassium bromate group, but this decrease was not statistically significant compared to the control group (p ⩾ 0.05). A statistically significant increase was found in G6PD, 6PGD, GST, and TrxR enzyme activities in the arbutin group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The increase in GR enzyme activity was not statistically significant (p ⩾ 0.05). The potassium bromate + arbutin group's enzyme activity increased in comparison to the potassium bromate group and was discovered to be closer to the control group. It was found that potassium bromate inhibited the 6PGD enzyme obtained from rat erythrocyte tissues with IC50 = 346 μM value and Ki = 434.4 μM ± 6.1 value, and the inhibition was noncompetitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Temel
- Solhan
Health Services Vocational School, Bingöl
University, Bingöl12000, Turkey
- Faculty
of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol12000, Turkiye
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3
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Masoud HMM, Helmy MS, Darwish DA, Ibrahim MA. Purification, characterization, and enzyme kinetics of a glutathione S transferase from larvae of the camel tick Hyalomma dromedarii. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:28. [PMID: 36884105 PMCID: PMC9995618 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione s-transferases (GSTs) perform an essential role in detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds via their conjugation to reduce glutathione. RESULTS A GST enzyme, designated tick larvae glutathione S transferase (TLGST), was purified from larvae of the camel tick Hyalomma dromedarii via ammonium sulfate precipitation, glutathione-Sepharose affinity column and Sephacryl S-300 chromatography. TLGST-specific activity was found to be 1.56 Umg-1 which represents 39 folds and 32.2% recovery. The molecular weight of TLGST purified from camel tick larvae was found as 42 kDa by gel filtration. TLGST has a pI value of 6.9 and was found a heterodimeric protein of 28 and 14 kDa subunits as detected on SDS-PAGE. The Lineweaver-Burk plot calculated the km for CDNB to be 0.43 mM with Vmax value of 9.2 Umg-1. TLGST exhibited its optimal activity at pH 7.9. Co2+, Ni2+ and Mn2+ increased the activity of TLGST while Ca2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+ inhibited it. TLGST was inhibited by cumene hydroperoxide, p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, lithocholic acid, hematin, triphenyltin chloride, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (pCMB), N-p-Tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK), iodoacetamide, EDTA and quercetin. pCMB inhibited TLGST competitively with Ki value of 0.3 mM. CONCLUSIONS These findings will help to understand the various physiologic conditions of ticks and targeting TLGST could be significant tool for development of prospective vaccines against ticks as a bio-control strategy to overcome the rapid grows in pesticide-resistant tick populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M M Masoud
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. .,Proteome Research Laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and Centers of Excellence, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Helmy
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.,Proteome Research Laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and Centers of Excellence, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Darwish
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.,Proteome Research Laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and Centers of Excellence, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ibrahim
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.,Proteome Research Laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and Centers of Excellence, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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4
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Karaytuğ MO, Balcı N, Türkan F, Gürbüz M, Demirkol ME, Namlı Z, Tamam L, Gülçin İ. Piperazine derivatives with potent drug moiety as efficient acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23259. [PMID: 36419212 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cholinesterases catalyze the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), a naturally occurring neurotransmitter, into choline and acetic acid, allowing the nervous system to function properly. In the human body, cholinesterases come in two types, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE; E.C.3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; E.C.3.1.1.8). Both cholinergic enzyme inhibitors are essential in the biochemical processes of the human body, notably in the brain. On the other hand, GSTs are found all across nature and are the principal Phase II detoxifying enzymes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Specific isozymes are identified as therapeutic targets because they are overexpressed in various malignancies and may have a role in the genesis of other diseases such as neurological disorders, multiple sclerosis, asthma, and especially cancer cell. Piperazine chemicals have a role in many biological processes and have fascinating pharmacological properties. As a result, therapeutically effective piperazine research is becoming more prominent. Half maximal inhibition concentrations (IC50 ) of piperazine derivatives were found in ranging of 4.59-6.48 µM for AChE, 4.85-8.35 µM for BChE, and 3.94-8.66 µM for GST. Also, piperazine derivatives exhibited Ki values of 8.04 ± 5.73-61.94 ± 54.56, 0.24 ± 0.03-32.14 ± 16.20, and 7.73 ± 1.13-22.97 ± 9.10 µM toward AChE, BChE, and GST, respectively. Consequently, the inhibitory properties of the AChE/BChE and GST enzymes have been compared to Tacrine (for AChE and BChE) and Etacrynic acid (for GST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Onur Karaytuğ
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Balcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Gürbüz
- St. Elisabeth KrankenhausKlinik Fur Psychiatrie Und, Psychotherapie, Hattingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Emin Demirkol
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Namlı
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Lut Tamam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Demir Y, Türkeş C, Küfrevioğlu Öİ, Beydemir Ş. Molecular Docking Studies and the Effect of Fluorophenylthiourea Derivatives on Glutathione-Dependent Enzymes. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200656. [PMID: 36538730 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious problem affecting the health of all human societies. Chemotherapy refers to the use of drugs to kill cancer or the origin of cancer. In the past three decades, researchers have studied about proteins and their roles in the production of cancer cells. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of enzymes that play a key role in cellular detoxification, protecting against reactive electrophiles attacks, including chemotherapeutic agents. Glutathione reductase (GR) is an important antioxidant enzyme involved in protecting the cell against oxidative stress. In this current study, GST and GR enzymes were purified from human erythrocytes using affinity chromatography. GR was obtained with a specific activity of 5.95 EU/mg protein and a 52.38 % yield. GST was obtained with a specific activity of 4.88 EU/mg protein and a 74.88 % yield. The effect of fluorophenylthiourea derivatives on the purified enzymes was investigated. Afterward, KI values were found to range from 23.04±4.37 μM-59.97±13.45 μM for GR and 7.22±1.64 μM-41.24±2.55 μM for GST. 1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)thiourea was showed the best inhibition effect for both GST and GR enzymes. The relationships of inhibitors with 3D structures of GST and GR were explained by molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, 75700, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, 24100, Turkey
| | | | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, 26470, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11230, Turkey
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6
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Saman S, Chen CC, Malak N, Khan A, Nasreen N, Khan A, Niaz S, Rehman G, Rodriguez-Vivas RI, Cossío-Bayúgar R. Ethanolic Extracts of Datura innoxia Have Promising Acaricidal Activity against Rhipicephalus microplus as It Blocks the Glutathione S-Transferase Activity of the Target Tick. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010118. [PMID: 36672859 PMCID: PMC9859338 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhipicephalus microplus is a major bovine ectoparasite that negatively impacts the cattle industry. The acaricidal activity of Datura innoxia ethanolic plant extract against R. microplus, compared with trichlorfon, was examined using the adult immersion test (AIT), and larval packet test (LPT). In vitro acaricidal activity of the selected plant extract against R. microplus engorged females was evaluated at different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL), and was the same for AIT and LPT. It was further supported by in silico molecular docking of D. innoxia's 21 phytochemicals against the R. microplus Glutathione S-transferases (RmGST) protein's three-dimensional (3D) structure predicted by the trRosetta server. The modeled 3D structure was then evaluated and confirmed with PROCHECK, ERRAT, and Verify3D online servers. To predict the binding mechanisms of these compounds, molecular docking was performed using Auto dock Vina software, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were used to investigate the protein atom's dynamic motion. D. innoxia has a relatively higher inhibitory effect on oviposition (from 9.81% to 45.37%) and total larval mortality (42.33% at 24 h and 93.67% at 48 h) at 40 mg/mL. Moreover, the docking results showed that the chemicals norapoatropine and 7-Hydroxyhyoscyamine have strong interactions with active site residues of the target protein, with a docking score of -7.3 and -7.0 Kcal/mol, respectively. The current work also provided a computational basis for the inhibitors of Glutathione S-transferases that were studied in this research work, and this new knowledge should aid in creating new and effective acaricidal chemicals. Furthermore, this plant extract's acaricide activity and its effect on oviposition and larval mortality were established in this work for the first time, indicating the possible use of this extract in the management of ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Saman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Nosheen Malak
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Nasreen Nasreen
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Adil Khan
- Department of Zoology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24631, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Sadaf Niaz
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Gauhar Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Roger I. Rodriguez-Vivas
- Departamento de Salud Animal y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida 97000, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Raquel Cossío-Bayúgar
- Departamento de Artropodología, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Disciplinarias en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Boulevard Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Jiutepec 62574, Morelos, Mexico
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7
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Balcı N, Şakiroğlu H, Türkan F, Bursal E. In vitro and in silico enzyme inhibition effects of some metal ions and compounds on glutathione S-transferase enzyme purified from Vaccinium arctostapylous L. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11587-11593. [PMID: 34351836 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1960893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione s-transferase (GST) is a class of enzymes that performs a wide array of biological functions. However, GST enzymes are most famously known for their roles in catalyzing the conjugation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to electrophilic centers on a wide variety of substrates to induce water-solubility to compounds as a protective antioxidant mechanism against toxic substances. In the present study, in vitro inhibition effects of coumarin, ascorbic acid, sodium sulfide, sodium azide, citric acid compounds, and Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Mg2+ metal ions against GST enzyme were determined. For this aim, the GST enzyme was purified from Vaccinium arctostapylous L. using the glutathione-agarose affinity chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration steps. The respective metals and chemical compounds were used at different concentrations for measuring their in vitro GST activity effects. The Ki values of these agents were determined as 0.450 ± 0.13, 15.05 ± 7.05, 0.009 ± 0.001, 0.022 ± 0.006, 0.120 ± 0.36, 0.150 ± 0.06, 0.223 ± 0.03, 0.002 ± 0.0003, and 0.136 ± 0.06 mM, respectively. Finally, the molecular docking interactions of the compounds with the GST target enzyme were evaluated using Autodock Tools-1.5.6. The effective molecular interactions of coumarin, citric acid, ascorbic acid, and sodium sulfide with GST target enzyme were found with their binding lowest energy affinities -4.62, -3.04, -2.53, and -1.67 kcal/mol, respectively.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Balcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halis Şakiroğlu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey
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Turan N, Buldurun K, Türkan F, Aras A, Çolak N, Murahari M, Bursal E, Mantarcı A. Some metal chelates with Schiff base ligand: synthesis, structure elucidation, thermal behavior, XRD evaluation, antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition, and molecular docking studies. Mol Divers 2021; 26:2459-2472. [PMID: 34743300 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Schiff bases are well-known compounds for having significant biological properties. In this study, a new Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes were synthesized, and their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities were evaluated. The new Schiff base ligand was synthesized with the condensation reaction of 6-tert-butyl 3-ethyl 2-amino-4,5-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine-3,6(7H)-dicarboxylate and 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde compounds. Fe(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) metal complexes of the novel Schiff base ligand were synthesized and characterized. The purity and molecular formula of the synthesized compounds were identified with elemental analysis, infrared, ultraviolet-visible, mass spectrophotometry, powder XRD, magnetic and thermal measurements. The Schiff base acted as a three dentate chelate. The analytical and spectroscopic data suggested an octahedral geometry for the complexes. The in vitro antioxidant method studies elucidated a more effective antioxidant character of the Schiff base ligand than its metal complexes but a less effective antioxidant potential than the standard antioxidant compounds. The enzyme inhibition potentials of the synthesized compounds for AChE, BChE, and GST enzymes were determined by in vitro enzyme activity methods. The Schiff base ligand was discovered to be the best inhibitor for the AChE and BChE with the values of 7.13 ± 0.84 µM and 5.75 ± 1.03 µM Ki, respectively. Moreover, the Fe(II) complex displayed the best Ki value as 9.37 ± 1.06 µM for the GST enzyme. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out to see the structural interactions of the compounds. The metal complexes demonstrated better binding affinities with the AChE, BChE, and GST enzymes than the Schiff base ligand. This study identified a potential Schiff base molecule against both AChE and BChE targets to further investigate for in vivo and safety evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, 49250, Muş, Turkey.
| | - Kenan Buldurun
- Department of Food Processing, Technical Science Vocational School, Muş Alparslan University, 49250, Muş, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, 76000, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Abdulmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Igdır University, 76100, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Naki Çolak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hitit University, 19100, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Manikanta Murahari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Muş Alparslan University, 49250, Muş, Turkey
| | - Asim Mantarcı
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, 49250, Muş, Turkey
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Taslimi P, Işık M, Türkan F, Durgun M, Türkeş C, Gülçin İ, Beydemir Ş. Benzenesulfonamide derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors: biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 39:5449-5460. [PMID: 32691682 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1790422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamide derivatives exhibit a wide biological activity and can function as potential medical molecules in the development of a drug. Studies have reported that the compounds have an effect on many enzymes. In this study, the derivatives of amine sulfonamide (1i-11i) were prepared with reduced imine compounds (1-11) with NaBH4 in methanol. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by spectral data and analytical. The effect of the synthesized derivatives on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and α-glycosidase (α-GLY) enzymes were determined. For the AChE and α-GLY, the most powerful inhibition was observed on 10 and 10i series with KI value in the range 2.26 ± 0.45-3.57 ± 0.97 and 95.73 ± 13.67-102.45 ± 11.72 µM, respectively. KI values of the series for GST were found in the range of 22.76 ± 1.23-49.29 ± 4.49. Finally, the compounds have a stronger inhibitor in lower concentrations by the attachment of functional electronegative groups such as two halogens (-Br and -CI), -OH to the benzene ring and -SO2NH2. The crystal structures of AChE, α-GLY, and GST in complex with selected derivatives 4 and 10 show the importance of the functional moieties in the binding modes within the receptors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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10
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Effect of polyphenols extracted from Punica granatum and Acacia saligna plants on glutathione S-transferase of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus) annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae). J Parasit Dis 2021; 45:524-538. [PMID: 34295051 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are hematophageal ectoparasites that transport major pathogens around the world. Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are involved in resistance to acaricide and redox balancing during the life cycle of the tick. The inhibition of tick GST enzymes by certain phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids and tannins, can be a promising approach to tick control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Punica granatum red peel and Acacia saligna leaf extracts on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus GST activity in order to reduce the resistance of cattle to acaricide. The results showed that P. granatum ethanol extract (70%) contained the highest total phenol content (350 ± 1.2 μM GAE g-1), the highest condensed tannin content (270 ± 1.3 μM CE g-1) and the highest hydrolysable tannin content (70 ± 5.0 μM TAE g-1). Adult immersion test with a dosage of 100 mg ml-1 of A. saligna ethanol extracts had a significant mortality of 50% and 75% after 24 h and 96 h, respectively (p < 0.01). A simple and reproducible procedure was established to purify the whole R. annulatus GST (wRaGST) while a full-length cDNA of GST was cloned from a cDNA library of the local Egyptian cattle tick R. (B.) annulatus (rRaGST). Aqueous extracts of P. granatum inhibited both wRaGST and rRaGST with values of IC50 = 0.114 and 0.07 µg ml-1, respectively, compared to A. saligna extracts (IC50 values = 2.08 and 1.35 µg ml, respectively). These inhibitory effects were attributed to the presence of a high tannin concentration (≥ 80%). HPLC analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid and catechin in both extracts, in addition to the rutin, which was only observed in A. saligna extracts. The addition of a tannin inhibitor, polyethylene glycol, suggested the existence of other phenolic compounds in combination with catechins responsible for inhibiting the activity of these extracts. Non-competitive behaviour of catechins may be helpful in preventing, or at least delaying, the development of chemical acaricide resistance in R. annulatus.
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11
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12
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Boy S, Türkan F, Beytur M, Aras A, Akyıldırım O, Karaman HS, Yüksek H. Synthesis, design, and assessment of novel morpholine-derived Mannich bases as multifunctional agents for the potential enzyme inhibitory properties including docking study. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104524. [PMID: 33317836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesized Schiff Bases were reacted with formaldehyde and secondary amine such as 2,6-dimethylmorpholine to afford N-Mannich bases through the Mannich reaction. 3-Substitued-4-(4-hydroxybenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (4) were treated with 2,6-dimethylmorpholine in the presence of formaldehyde to synthesize eight new 1-(2,6-dimethylmorpholino-4-yl-methyl)-3-substitued-4-(4-hydroxybenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (4a-h). The structures of the synthesized eight new compounds were characterized using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-MS spectroscopic methods. Synthesized compounds inhibitory activity determined against the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes with Ki values in the range 25.23-42.19 µM for AChE, 19.37-34.22 µM for BChE, and 21.84-41.14 µM for GST, respectively. Binding scores of most active inhibitors against AChE, BChE, and GST enzymes were detected as -10.294 kcal/mol, -9.562 kcal/mol, and -7.112 kcal/mol, respectively. The hydroxybenzylidene moiety of the most active inhibitors caused to inhibition of the enzymes through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songül Boy
- Atatürk Vocational College of Health Service, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76000, Turkey
| | - Murat Beytur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
| | - Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76100, Turkey.
| | - Onur Akyıldırım
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars 36000, Turkey
| | - Halide Sedef Karaman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Haydar Yüksek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
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The interaction methylene blue and glutathione-S-transferase purified from human erythrocytes. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-020-00030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Turhan K, Pektaş B, Türkan F, Tuğcu FT, Turgut Z, Taslimi P, Karaman HS, Gulcin I. Novel benzo[b]xanthene derivatives: Bismuth(III) triflate‐catalyzed one‐pot synthesis, characterization, and acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S‐transferase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000030. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Turhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Davutpasa CampusYildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Begüm Pektaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Davutpasa CampusYildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health ServicesIgdir University Iğdır Turkey
| | - Fatma T. Tuğcu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Davutpasa CampusYildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Zuhal Turgut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Davutpasa CampusYildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceBartin University Bartin Turkey
| | - Halide S. Karaman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
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Türkan F, Calimli MH, Kanberoğlu GS, Karaman M. Inhibition effects of isoproterenol, chlorpromazine, carbamazepine, tamoxifen drugs on glutathione S-transferase, cholinesterases enzymes and molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3277-3284. [PMID: 32362189 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1763200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have been a very crucial issue for pharmacological treatments of several disasters. Herein, we investigated inhibition effects of Tamoxifen (TAM), Isoprenaline (ISO), Chlorpromazines (CPZ) and Carbamazepine (CBZ) on GST, AChE, BChE and then molecular structures and active sides of the tested drugs by molecular docking process. The enzyme activity results showed that nearly the whole tested drugs inhibited GST, BChE, AChE efficiently. Chlorpromazine was found to be the best inhibitor for the GST enzyme and the Ki value of this drug was found to be 42.83 ± 8.52 nM. Besides, Isoproterenol drug with the Ki value of 51.80 ± 9.44 nM was found to be the most effective inhibitor on the AChE enzyme. Molecular docking studies showed that the receptor-binding sites of GST, AChE, and BChE were found to 1.069, 1.090, and 1.15 of Sitecore and 0.992, 1.113, and 1.217 of Dscore, respectively. The method was validated by doing validation studies and these validations revealed that re-docked ligands located a very closed position with co-crystallized ligand into the active site for all receptors. Calculation studies for determining the possible enzyme inhibition mechanism with the used drugs revealed that amino and aromatic ring in the structure of the drugs used are effective in inhibition reactions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Muhammet Karaman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Turkey
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Probing the molecular toxic mechanism of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with glutathione transferase Phi8 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Toxicological effects of some antiparasitic drugs on equine liver glutathione S-Transferase enzyme activity. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 180:113048. [PMID: 31887670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are antiparasitic drugs having an extensive application field like agriculture, medicine, and especially in veterinary medicine. In this study, we report the effect of some benzimidazole drugs such as ricobendazole (RBZ), thiabendazole (TBZ), albendazole (ALBA) and oxfendazole (OFZ) on glutathione s-transferase (GST) enzyme activity. The kinetics studies, IC50 and Ki values of the tested drugs on GSTs enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained ranking of IC50 values were found to be approximately RBZ (53.31 μM, r2: 0.9778) < OFZ (57.75 μM, r2: 0.9630) < ALBA (63.00 μM, r2: 0.9443) < TBZ (69.30 μM, r2: 0.9491). And the obtained ranking of Ki values of the tested drugs (RBZ, TBZ, ALBA, and OFZ) for GSTs enzyme activity was found to be approximately 26.37 ± 2.96, 44.01 ± 5.74, 39.82 ± 3.98 and 30.14 ± 3.03 μM, respectively. Experimental results showed that tested the benzimidazoles drugs have some significant inhibitory effect on GSTs enzyme activity. And also, it was determined that RBZ, ALBA, OFZ are competitive inhibition, but TBZ is non-competitive inhibitors on GSTs enzyme activity. RBZ drug showed the best inhibitory effect with the lowest Ki value.
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Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of glutathione S-transferase from the Antarctic yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 167:105518. [PMID: 31669543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gene for glutathione S-transferase (GST) in Antarctic sea-ice yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and named RmGST. Sequence analysis showed that the RmGST gene contained a 843 bp open reading frame, which encoded 280 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 30.4 kDa and isoelectric point of 5.40. RmGST has the typical C- and N-terminal double domains of glutathione S-transferase. Recombinant RmGST (rRmGST) was expressed in E. coli to produce heterologous protein that had a high specific activity of 60.2 U/mg after purification. The apparent Km values of rRmGST for glutathione and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene were 0.35 mM and 0.40 mM, respectively. Optimum enzyme activity was measured at 35 °C and at pH 7.0 and complete inactivation was observed after incubation at 55 °C for 60 min rRmGST tolerated high salt concentrations (1.0 M NaCl) and was stable at pH 3.0. Additionally, the recombinant protein nearly kept whole activity in Hg2+ and Mn2+, and could tolerate Ca2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Cd2+, EDTA, thiourea, urea, Tween-80, H2O2 and Triton X-100. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that relative expression of the GST gene was significantly increased under Cu2+ and low temperature stress. These results indicate that rRmGST is a typical low thermostable enzyme, while its other characteristics, heavy metal and low temperature tolerance, might be related to its Antarctic home environment.
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Türkan F, Huyut Z, Huyut MT, Calimli MH. In vivo biochemical evaluations of some β-lactam group antibiotics on glutathione reductase and glutathione S- transferase enzyme activities. Life Sci 2019; 231:116572. [PMID: 31207309 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether some of the cephalosporin group antibiotics have inhibition effects on GR and GST enzymes with important functions in the metabolic pathway. METHODS In this study, some selected cephalosporin group antibiotics on GST and GR enzyme was carried out using 96 rats. 16 groups (16 × 6) were created from these rats, divided to another 4 groups (4 × 24). The resulting groups were named as sham groups, cefazolin groups, cefuroxime groups and cefoperazone groups, respectively. The antibiotics used were injected to cefazolin, cefuroxime and cefoperazone groups. The inhibition effects of the antibiotics were measured in the different time intervals (1st, 3th, 5th, 7th). The statistical investigation of the results was performed using the SPSS software program. RESULTS Results revealed the complex effects of the tested substances on GR and GST activity at different time intervals and in different tissues (p < 0.05). This indicated that the tested substances could be exposed to different interactions in vivo. CONCLUSION The tested antibiotics showed some significant inhibition effects on the GST and GR enzyme activity in some tissues of brain, eye and muscle. The interaction of enzyme - the drug is a key factor to highlight the toxicological mechanism. For this reason, the results obtained from in vivo experiments are crucial to explane the physiological properties of the enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey.
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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