1
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Hemasa A, Spry C, Mack M, Saliba KJ. Mutation of the Plasmodium falciparum Flavokinase Confers Resistance to Roseoflavin and 8-Aminoriboflavin. ACS Infect Dis 2024. [PMID: 38920250 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The riboflavin analogues, roseoflavin and 8-aminoriboflavin, inhibit malaria parasite proliferation by targeting riboflavin utilization. To determine their mechanism of action, we generated roseoflavin-resistant parasites by in vitro evolution. Relative to wild-type, these parasites were 4-fold resistant to roseoflavin and cross-resistant to 8-aminoriboflavin. Whole genome sequencing of the resistant parasites revealed a missense mutation leading to an amino acid change (L672H) in the gene coding for a putative flavokinase (PfFK), the enzyme responsible for converting riboflavin into the cofactor flavin mononucleotide (FMN). To confirm that the L672H mutation is responsible for the phenotype, we generated parasites with the missense mutation incorporated into the PfFK gene. The IC50 values for roseoflavin and 8-aminoriboflavin against the roseoflavin-resistant parasites created through in vitro evolution were indistinguishable from those against parasites in which the missense mutation was introduced into the native PfFK. We also generated two parasite lines episomally expressing GFP-tagged versions of either the wild-type or mutant forms of PfFK. We found that PfFK-GFP localizes to the parasite cytosol and that immunopurified PfFK-GFP phosphorylated riboflavin, roseoflavin, and 8-aminoriboflavin. The L672H mutation increased the KM for roseoflavin, explaining the resistance phenotype. Mutant PfFK is no longer capable of phosphorylating 8-aminoriboflavin, but its antiplasmodial activity against resistant parasites can still be antagonized by increasing the extracellular concentration of riboflavin, consistent with it also inhibiting parasite growth through competitive inhibition of PfFK. Our findings, therefore, are consistent with roseoflavin and 8-aminoriboflavin inhibiting parasite proliferation by inhibiting riboflavin phosphorylation and via the generation of toxic flavin cofactor analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Hemasa
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Christina Spry
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Matthias Mack
- Institute for Technical Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim 68163, Germany
| | - Kevin J Saliba
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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2
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Santos MPF, de Souza Junior EC, Villadóniga C, Vallés D, Castro-Sowinski S, Bonomo RCF, Veloso CM. Proteases: Importance, Immobilization Protocols, Potential of Activated Carbon as Support, and the Importance of Modifying Supports for Immobilization. BIOTECH 2024; 13:13. [PMID: 38804295 PMCID: PMC11130871 DOI: 10.3390/biotech13020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Although enzymes have been used for thousands of years, their application in industrial processes has gained importance since the 20th century due to technological and scientific advances in several areas, including biochemistry [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Pereira Flores Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microrganismos (PPGBBM), Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil;
| | - Evaldo Cardozo de Souza Junior
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.J.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Carolina Villadóniga
- Laboratório de Biocatalisadores e suas Aplicações, Instituto de Química Biológica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (C.V.); (D.V.); (S.C.-S.)
| | - Diego Vallés
- Laboratório de Biocatalisadores e suas Aplicações, Instituto de Química Biológica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (C.V.); (D.V.); (S.C.-S.)
| | - Susana Castro-Sowinski
- Laboratório de Biocatalisadores e suas Aplicações, Instituto de Química Biológica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade da República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (C.V.); (D.V.); (S.C.-S.)
| | - Renata Cristina Ferreira Bonomo
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.J.); (C.M.V.)
| | - Cristiane Martins Veloso
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), BR 415, km 04, s/n, Itapetinga 45700-000, Bahia, Brazil; (E.C.d.S.J.); (C.M.V.)
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3
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Jekal S, Sa M, Chu YR, Kim CG, Noh J, Kim J, Kim HY, Oh WC, Otgonbayar Z, Yoon CM. A Study on Enhanced Electrorheological Performance of Plate-like Materials via Percolation Gel-like Effect. Gels 2023; 9:891. [PMID: 37998981 PMCID: PMC10671164 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of plate-like materials to induce a percolation gel-like effect in electrorheological (ER) fluids is sparsely documented. Hence, we dispersed plate-like materials, namely natural mica, synthetic mica, and glass, as well as their pulverized particles, in various concentrations in silicone oil to form ER fluids. Subsequently, the rheological properties of the fluids were evaluated and compared to identify the threshold concentration for percolating a gel-like state. The shear stress and viscoelastic moduli under zero-field conditions confirmed that plate-like materials can be used to induce percolation gel-like effects in ER fluids. This is because of the high aspect ratio of the materials, which enhances their physical stability. In practical ER investigations, ER fluids based on synthetic mica (30.0 wt%) showed the highest yield stress of 516.2 Pa under an electric field strength of 3.0 kV mm-1. This was attributed to the formation of large-cluster networks and additional polarization induced by the ions. This study provides a practical approach for developing a new type of gel-like ER fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jekal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Sa
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ryong Chu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Gyo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungchul Noh
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Material Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Yeong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chun Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan-Si 31962, Republic of Korea
| | - Zambaga Otgonbayar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
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4
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Chatzigeorgiou S, Jílková J, Korecká L, Janyšková R, Hermannová M, Šimek M, Čožíková D, Slováková M, Bílková Z, Bobek J, Černý Z, Čihák M, Velebný V. Preparation of hyaluronan oligosaccharides by a prokaryotic beta-glucuronidase: Characterization of free and immobilized forms of the enzyme. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 317:121078. [PMID: 37364952 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Popularity of hyaluronan (HA) in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, led to the investigation and development of new HA-based materials, with enzymes playing a key role. Beta-D-glucuronidases catalyze the hydrolysis of a beta-D-glucuronic acid residue from the non-reducing end of various substrates. However, lack of specificity towards HA for most beta-D-glucuronidases, in addition to the high cost and low purity of those active on HA, have prevented their widespread application. In this study, we investigated a recombinant beta-glucuronidase from Bacteroides fragilis (rBfGUS). We demonstrated the rBfGUS's activity on native, modified, and derivatized HA oligosaccharides (oHAs). Using chromogenic beta-glucuronidase substrate and oHAs, we characterized the enzyme's optimal conditions and kinetic parameters. Additionally, we evaluated rBfGUS's activity towards oHAs of various sizes and types. To increase reusability and ensure the preparation of enzyme-free oHA products, rBfGUS was immobilized on two types of magnetic macroporous bead cellulose particles. Both immobilized forms of rBfGUS demonstrated suitable operational and storage stabilities, and their activity parameters were comparable to the free form. Our findings suggest that native and derivatized oHAs can be prepared using this bacterial beta-glucuronidase, and a novel biocatalyst with enhanced operational parameters has been developed with a potential for industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Chatzigeorgiou
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Jílková
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Korecká
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Janyšková
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | | | - Matej Šimek
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Čožíková
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Slováková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bobek
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, České mládeže 8, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná sq. 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Černý
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
| | - Matouš Čihák
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Velebný
- Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 56102 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic
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5
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Butiuk AP, Martos MA, Hours RA. Mycelium-bound chlorogenate hydrolase of Aspergillus niger AKU 3302 as a stable immobilized biocatalyst. J Biosci Bioeng 2023:S1389-1723(23)00140-8. [PMID: 37311683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CHase catalyzes chlorogenic acid (CGA) hydrolysis to yield equimolar quinic (QA) and caffeic (CA) acids, products of high value and keen industrial interest. We proposed the preparation and characterization of the nonviable mycelium of Aspergillus niger AKU 3302 containing a cell-associated CHase (CHase biocatalyst) for application in hydrolyzing the CGA from yerba mate residues to produce QA and CA. When the vegetative mycelium was heated at 55 °C for 30 min, no loss of CHase activity occurred, but vegetative mycelial growth and spore germination ended. The CHase biocatalyst did not limit mass transfer above 100 strokes min-1. The reaction rate increased with catalyst loading and was kinetically controlled. The CHase biocatalyst exhibited suitable biochemical properties (optimum pH 6.5 at 50 °C) and high thermal stability (remaining stable at up to 50 °C for 8 h). The cations in yerba mate extracts did not affect CHase activity. We observed no apparent loss in the activity of the CHase biocatalyst after even 11 batch cycles of continuous use. The biocatalyst retained 85% of its initial activity after 25 days of storage at pH 6.5 and 5 °C. When a yerba mate extract was passed through a glass column packed with the biocatalyst, an effective bioconversion of CGA into CA and QA occurred. CHase activity produced a natural biocatalysis with considerable operational and storage stability; which capability, being a novel biotechnological process, can be used in the bioconversion of CGA from yerba mate residues into CA and QA at a substantially reduced cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Butiuk
- School of Exact, Chemical and Life Sciences, Misiones National University, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
| | - María Alicia Martos
- School of Exact, Chemical and Life Sciences, Misiones National University, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Roque Alberto Hours
- Research and Development Center for Industrial Fermentation (CINDEFI; UNLP, CONICET La Plata), School of Science, La Plata National University, 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technological University-La Plata Regional Faculty (UTN-FRLP), 60 y 124, La Plata, Argentina
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6
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Abdel Wahab WA, Mostafa FA, Ahmed SA, Saleh SAA. Statistical optimization of enzyme cocktail production using Jew's mallow stalks residues by a new isolate Aspergillus flavus B2 via statistical strategy and enzymes characterization. J Biotechnol 2023; 367:89-97. [PMID: 37028558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the production of the enzyme cocktail by the isolated fungi Aspergillus flavus B2 (GenBank accession number OL655454) using agricultural and industrial (AI) residues as the sole substrate. Of all the AI residues tested, Jew's mallow stalk was the best inducer substrate for enzyme cocktail production without adding any nutrients. Statistical optimization using Response Surface Methodology enhanced the production by 5.45, 5.20, and 3.34-fold, respectively for pectinase, xylanase, and CMCase. Optimum temperature, activation energy (Ea), and activation energy for denaturation (Ed) were determined. Michaelis constant (Km) for CMCase, xylanase, and pectinase enzyme was 1.82, 1.23, and 1.05mg/mL, respectively. Maximum reaction rate (Vmax) was 4.67, 5.29, and 17.13U/mL, respectively for CMCase, xylanase, and pectinase. Thermal stability revealed that pectinase, CMCase, and xylanase enzymes retained 64.7, 61.8, and 53.2% residual activities after incubation for 1h at 50 °C. Half-life time (t0.5) of pectinase, CMCase, and xylanase at 50 °C were 189.38, 129.8, and 127.89min, respectively. Thermodynamics of the produced enzymes enthalpy (ΔH⁎d), free energy (ΔG⁎d), and entropy (ΔS⁎d) were determined at 40, 50, and 60°C. In the presence of EDTA (5mM), CMCase, xylanase, and pectinase retained 69.5, 66.2, and 41.2%, respectively of their activity. This work is significant for the valorization of AI residues and the production of value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Abdel Wahab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 12622.
| | - Faten A Mostafa
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 12622.
| | - Samia A Ahmed
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 12622.
| | - Shireen A A Saleh
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 12622.
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7
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Zhang W, Liu R, Yang X, Nian B, Hu Y. Immobilization of laccase on organic—inorganic nanocomposites and its application in the removal of phenolic pollutants. Front Chem Sci Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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8
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Abdella MAA, Ahmed SA, Hassan ME. Protease immobilization on a novel activated carrier alginate/dextrose beads: Improved stability and catalytic activity via covalent binding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123139. [PMID: 36621737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Protease from Bacillus thuringiensis strain-MA8 was successfully immobilized onto activated Alginate/dextrose (Alg/dex) beads as a new carrier with immobilization yield 77.6 %. The carrier was characterized using Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transforms infrared spectrophotometer at every step of the immobilization process. Immobilized protease showed an increase of 10 °C in the optimum temperature compared to the free enzyme. However, the optimum pH for both the free and the Alg/dex/protease was found to be 8. The lower activation energy and deactivation rate constant and the higher half-life time and D-value confirm that the new Alg/dex carrier is suitable for promoting enzyme stability. The raise in thermal stability is also shown by the increased deactivation energy of the Alg/dex/protease compared to its free form by 1.47-fold. Likewise, the enzyme immobilization enhancement of Alg/dex/protease was accompanied by a marked increase in enthalpy and Gibbs free energy. The negative entropy for both free and Alg/dex/protease indicates that the enzyme is more stable in thermal deactivation. The Km and Vmax for the Alg/dex/protease were 2.05 and 1.22-times greater than the free form. Furthermore, Alg/dex/protease displayed good reusability as it retained 92.7 and 52.4 % of its activity after 8 and 12 hydrolysis cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A A Abdella
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug industries research institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Samia A Ahmed
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug industries research institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt..
| | - Mohamed E Hassan
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug industries research institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.; Centre of Excellence, Encapsulation Nanobiotechnology Group, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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9
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Bakar B, Birhanlı E, Ulu A, Boran F, Yeşilada Ö, Ateş B. Immobilization of Trametes trogii laccase on polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated magnetic nanoparticles for biocatalytic degradation of textile dyes. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2023.2173006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Bakar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emre Birhanlı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Filiz Boran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Özfer Yeşilada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biotechnology Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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Kolak S, Birhanlı E, Boran F, Bakar B, Ulu A, Yeşilada Ö, Ateş B. Tailor-made novel electrospun polycaprolactone/polyethyleneimine fiber membranes for laccase immobilization: An all-in-one material to biodegrade textile dyes and phenolic compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137478. [PMID: 36513203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In spite of many works on the biodegradation of textile dyes and phenolic compounds, we propose a new, inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and sustainable material based on electrospun fiber and immobilized laccase. The polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) electrospun fibers were optimized and prepared by electrospinning technique according to the operational parameters like PCL concentration (12 wt%), PEI concentration (10 wt%), voltage (16 kV), needle tip-collector distance (20 cm), and injection speed (0.7 mL/h). Next, characterization studies were performed to investigate the morphology and structure of the electrospun fibers without and with laccase. The crude laccase was obtained by cultivating the white rot fungus T. trogii (TT), and T. versicolor (TV). The resulting electrospun fibers showed a smooth surface with a mean diameter of around 560 nm, and larger diameters were observed after laccase immobilization. According to the results, immobilization increased the stability properties of laccase such as storage, and operational. For instance, the residual activity of the PCL/PEI/TTL and PCL/PEI/TVL after 10 repeated cycles, was 33.2 ± 0.2% and 26.0 ± 0.9%, respectively. After 3 weeks of storage, they retained around 30% of their original activity. Moreover, the PCL/PEI/TTL and PCL/PEI/TVL were found to possess high decolorization yield to remove Orange II and Malachite Green textile dyes from solutions imitating polluted waters. Among them, the PCL/PEI/TTL exhibited the highest decolorization efficiencies of Orange II and Malachite Green after 8 continuous uses at pH 5 and a temperature of 50 °C, reaching over 86%, and 46%, respectively. Moreover, PCL/PEI/TTL and PCL/PEI/TVL effectively degraded the 2,6-dichlorophenol phenolic compound at an optimal pH and temperature range and exhibited maximum removal efficiency of 52.6 ± 0.1% and 64.5 ± 7.6%, respectively. Our approach combines the advantageous properties of electrospun fiber material and immobilization strategy for the efficient use of industrial scale important enzymes such as laccase in various enzymatic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kolak
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emre Birhanlı
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Filiz Boran
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Büşra Bakar
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Özfer Yeşilada
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
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11
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Carbohydrate microcapsules tailored and grafted for covalent immobilization of glucose isomerase for pharmaceutical and food industries. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:175-189. [PMID: 36482052 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan is one of the most common carbohydrates utilised in the entrapment industry to immobilise cells and enzymes. However, it lacks functionality. Carrageenan has been grafted to produce fructose by covalently immobilising glucose isomerase (GI). Fructose is one of the most widely used sweeteners in beverages, food production, and the pharmaceutical business. Up to 91.1 U g-1 gel beads are immobilised by the grafted beads. Immobilized GI has a Vmax of 13.8 times that of the free enzyme. pH of immobilized GI was improved from 6.5-7 to 6-7.5 that means more stability in wide pH range. Also, optimum temperature was improved and become 65-75 °C while it was at 70 °C for free enzyme. The immovability and tolerance of the gel beads immobilised with GI over 15 consecutive cycles were demonstrated in a reusability test, with 88 percent of the enzyme's original activity retained, compared to 60 percent by other authors. These findings are encouraging for high-fructose corn syrup producers.
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12
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Mechri S, Allala F, Bouacem K, Hasnaoui I, Gwaithan H, Chalbi TB, Saalaoui E, Asehraou A, Noiriel A, Abousalham A, Hacene H, Bouanane-Darenfed A, Le Roes-Hill M, Jaouadi B. Preparation, characterization, immobilization, and molecular docking analysis of a novel detergent-stable subtilisin-like serine protease from Streptomyces mutabilis strain TN-X30. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1326-1342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Preparation and characterization of sugilite glass from basalt for α -amylase immobilization, statistical optimization of the immobilization process and description of free and immobilized enzyme. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09960. [PMID: 35874060 PMCID: PMC9305367 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial α-amylase was immobilized on sugilite from modified basalt rock as a new carrier. A set of glass compositions based on sugilite formula KNa2M2Li3Si12O30 (M = Al or Mn or Fe) were prepared. The glasses were prepared through melting–quenching technique and samples of glass were converted to glass ceramic. Among the tested glasses and glass ceramic only sugilite glass based on M = Fe (BSF) give promising results. The sugilite BSF glass was characterized using DSC analysis, FTIR absorption, and SEM. The sugilite glass revealed high thermal resistant till ∼770 °C. Under optimized conditions of the Central composite design, the immobilization yield improved by 4.7-fold. The affinity to starch increased after enzyme immobilization by 4.3-fold. The lower rate of deactivation constant and the increase of t½ and D-value confirm the suitability of BSF and immobilization method in enhancing enzyme stability. The improvement in thermostability of immobilized α-amylase was judged by the change in thermodynamic parameters. In conclusion, the prepared sugilite BSF glass can be utilized as a new carrier suitable for stabilization of α-amylase enzyme by immobilization. Lemon peels induced α-amylase production by isolated Rhizobium sp. strain A1. Using basalt as raw material for sugilite glass synthesis as new immobilization carriers. Sugilite BSF glass the suitable carrier was characterized by DSC, FTIR and SEM. Central composite design increased immobilization yield by 4.7–fold. Thermal and thermodynamic properties emphasize increased stability upon immobilization.
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dos Santos KP, Rios NS, Labus K, Gonçalves LRB. Co-immobilization of lipase and laccase on agarose-based supports via layer-by-layer strategy: effect of diffusional limitations. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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A Positive Effect of Magnetic Field on the Catalytic Activity of Immobilized L-Asparaginase: Evaluation of its Feasibility. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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16
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Birhanlı E, Noma SAA, Boran F, Ulu A, Yeşilada Ö, Ateş B. Design of laccase-metal-organic framework hybrid constructs for biocatalytic removal of textile dyes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133382. [PMID: 34954196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to present a simple and effective carrier matrix to immobilize laccase as opposed to complex and tedious immobilization processes and also to use it in the removal of textile dyes. For this purpose, Cobalt (Co) and Copper (Cu) based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared and laccase was immobilized on two different MOFs via encapsulation. The characterization outcomes showed that laccase was well immobilized into MOF supports. Optimum pH and temperature were found for Lac/Co-MOF (pH 4.5 at 50 °C) and Lac/Cu-MOF (pH 5.0 at 50 °C). The Km (0.03 mM) and Vmax (97.4 μmol/min) values of Lac/Cu-MOF were lower than those of Lac/Co-MOF (Km = 0.13 mM, Vmax = 230.7 μmol/min). The immobilized laccases showed good reusability as well as improved resistance to temperature denaturation and high storage stability. For instance, the Lac/Co-MOF and Lac/Cu-MOF retained more than 58% activity after 4 weeks of storage at room temperature. Meanwhile, Lac/Co-MOF and Lac/Cu-MOF maintained 56.5% and 55.8% of their initial activity, respectively, after 12 reuse cycles. Moreover, thermal deactivation kinetic studies of immobilized laccases displayed lower k value, higher t1/2, and enhancement of thermodynamic parameters, which means better thermostability. Finally, the decolorization activities for the Lac/Co-MOF were 78% and 61% at the 5th cycle for Reactive Blue 171 and Reactive Blue 198, respectively. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the MOFs are more sustainable and beneficial support for laccase immobilization and they can be efficient for removing textile dyes from industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Birhanlı
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Samir Abbas Ali Noma
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Filiz Boran
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Özfer Yeşilada
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Inönü University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
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Nickel-Functionalized Chitosan for the Oriented Immobilization of Histidine-Tagged Enzymes: A Promising Support for Food Bioprocess Applications. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Khan S, Babadaei MMN, Hasan A, Edis Z, Attar F, Siddique R, Bai Q, Sharifi M, Falahati M. Enzyme-polymeric/inorganic metal oxide/hybrid nanoparticle bio-conjugates in the development of therapeutic and biosensing platforms. J Adv Res 2021; 33:227-239. [PMID: 34603792 PMCID: PMC8463903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because enzymes can control several metabolic pathways and regulate the production of free radicals, their simultaneous use with nanoplatforms showing protective and combinational properties is of great interest in the development of therapeutic nano-based platforms. However, enzyme immobilization on nanomaterials is not straightforward due to the toxic and unpredictable properties of nanoparticles in medical practice. Aim of review In fact, because of the ability to load enzymes on nano-based supports and increase their renewability, scientific groups have been tempted to create potential therapeutic enzymes in this field. Therefore, this study not only pays attention to the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of diseases by enzyme-nanoparticle (NP) bio-conjugate (abbreviated as: ENB), but also considers the importance of nanoplatforms used based on their toxicity, ease of application and lack of significant adverse effects on loaded enzymes. In the following, based on the published reports, we explained that the immobilization of enzymes on polymers, inorganic metal oxide and hybrid compounds provide hopes for potential use of ENBs in medical activities. Then, the use of ENBs in bioassay activities such as paper-based or wearing biosensors and lab-on-chip/microfluidic biosensors were evaluated. Finally, this review addresses the current challenges and future perspective of ENBs in biomedical applications. Key scientific concepts of review This literature may provide useful information regarding the application of ENBs in biosensing and therapeutic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Zehra Edis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Food Toxicology, Research Center of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
| | - Rabeea Siddique
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Mohammadi-Mahani H, Badoei-dalfard A, Karami Z. Synthesis and characterization of cross-linked lipase-metal hybrid nanoflowers on graphene oxide with increasing the enzymatic stability and reusability. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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20
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Thermophilic iron containing type superoxide dismutase from Cohnella sp. A01. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:373-385. [PMID: 34329665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) (EC 1.15.1.1) are well known antioxidant enzymes that play critical roles in cellular defenses of living organisms against harmful superoxide radicals during oxidative stress. This study details on cloning, biochemical and functional characterization of an iron containing type superoxide dismutase (SOD) from a novel thermophilic bacteria Cohnella sp. A01 (CaSOD). The secondary and three dimensional structure of the protein were predicted. CaSOD gene was subsequently cloned into pET-26b(+) expression vector and expression of the recombinant protein (rCaSOD) was optimized in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and the purified recombinant SOD showed a single band with an apparent molecular weight of 26 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The half-life and thermodynamic parameters including ΔH⁎, ΔS⁎, and ΔG⁎ were 187 min at 60 °C, 7.3 kJ.mol-1, -76.8 kJ.mol-1.°K-1, and 84.1 kJ.mol-1, respectively. The rCaSOD exhibited catalytic activity in a very broad range of pH (6.0-10.0) and temperatures (35-75 °C), as well as stability in a broad pH range, from 3.0 to 11.0, and wide range of temperature, different concentrations of detergent agents, metal ions, organic solvents and other chemicals. The results suggest that this novel enzyme could be used for various industrial applications in cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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21
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Thermodynamics, kinetics and optimization of catalytic behavior of polyacrylamide-entrapped carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) for prospective industrial use. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2417-2427. [PMID: 34274989 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of free and polyacrylamide-immobilized CMCase were analyzed. The maximum immobilization yield of 34 ± 1.7% was achieved at 11% acrylamide. The enthalpy of activation (ΔH) of free and immobilized enzyme was found to be 13.61 and 0.29 kJ mol-1, respectively. Irreversible inactivation energy of free and immobilized CMCase was 96.43 and 99.01 kJ mol-1, respectively. Similarly, the enthalpy of deactivation (ΔHd) values for free and immobilized enzyme were found to be in the range of 93.51-93.76 kJ mol-1 and 96.08-96.33 kJ mol-1, respectively. Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) increased from 1.267 ± 0.06 to 1.5891 ± 0.07 mg ml-1 and the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) value decreased (8319.47 ± 416 to 5643.34 ± 282 U ml-1 min-1) after immobilization. Due to wide pH and temperature stability profile with sufficient reusing efficiency up to three successive cycles, the immobilized CMCase might be useful for various industrial processes.
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Ali AO, Abdalla MS, Shahein YE, Shokeer A, Sharada HM, Ali KA. Grafted carrageenan: alginate gel beads for catalase enzyme covalent immobilization. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:341. [PMID: 34221812 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new matrix formulation was devised for catalase immobilization. Carrageenan-alginate beads different ratios were developed and soaked into different ratios of CaCl2-KCl as a hardening solution. The best formulation for loading capacity was selected, treated with polyethylene imine followed by glutaraldehyde and further studied. The best concentration of catalase for immobilization was 300U/ml and the best loading time was 6 h. The catalytic properties increased after immobilization and the immobilized catalase achieved optimum activity at a temperature range of 30-50 °C that was compared to the optimum activity of free catalase which occurred at 40 °C. Higher catalytic activity of immobilized catalase occurred at alkaline pHs than the free one which achieved optimum catalytic activity at neutral pH. A comparison between the kinetic parameters of immobilized and free catalase showed variation. The K M and Vmax of the immobilized catalase were 2.4 fold and six times higher than those of free catalase. The results of the study indicate that the formulated matrix can be used as a good matrix for catalase enzyme in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali O Ali
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
- Advanced Matrial and Nanotechnology Group, Center of Excellence for Advanced Science, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohga S Abdalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795 Egypt
| | - Yasser E Shahein
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Abeer Shokeer
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Hayat M Sharada
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795 Egypt
| | - Korany A Ali
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Centre, El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
- Advanced Matrial and Nanotechnology Group, Center of Excellence for Advanced Science, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
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23
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Ardila-Leal LD, Monterey-Gutiérrez PA, Poutou-Piñales RA, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE, Galindo JF, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM. Recombinant laccase rPOXA 1B real-time, accelerated and molecular dynamics stability study. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:37. [PMID: 34088291 PMCID: PMC8178886 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are multi-copper oxidoreductases with great biotechnological importance due to their high oxidative potential and utility for removing synthetic dyes, oxidizing phenolic compounds, and degrading pesticides, among others. Methods A real-time stability study (RTS) was conducted for a year, by using enzyme concentrates from 3 batches (L1, L3, and L4). For which, five temperatures 243.15, 277.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K were assayed. Using RTS data and the Arrhenius equation, we calculated the rPOXA 1B accelerated stability (AS). Molecular dynamics (MD) computational study results were very close to those obtained experimentally at four different temperatures 241, 278, 298, and 314 K. Results In the RTS, 101.16, 115.81, 75.23, 46.09, 5.81, and 4.83% of the relative enzyme activity were recovered, at respective assayed temperatures. AS study, showed that rPOXA 1B is stable at 240.98 ± 5.38, 277.40 ± 1.32 or 297.53 ± 3.88 K; with t1/2 values of 230.8, 46.2, and 12.6 months, respectively. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters supported the high stability of rPOXA 1B, with an Ed value of 41.40 KJ mol− 1, a low variation of KM and Vmax, at 240.98 ± 5.38, and 297.53 ± 3.88 K, and ∆G values showing deactivation reaction does not occur. The MD indicates that fluctuations in loop, coils or loops with hydrophilic or intermediate polarity amino acids as well as in some residues of POXA 1B 3D structure, increases with temperature; changing from three fluctuating residues at 278 K to six residues at 298 K, and nine residues at 314 K. Conclusions Laccase rPOXA 1B demonstrated experimentally and computationally to be a stable enzyme, with t1/2 of 230.8, 46.2 or 12.6 months, if it is preserved impure without preservatives at temperatures of 240.98 ± 5.38, 277.40 ± 1.32 or 297.53 ± 3.88 K respectively; this study could be of great utility for large scale producers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00698-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidy D Ardila-Leal
- Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ). Bogotá, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
| | - Pedro A Monterey-Gutiérrez
- Vicerrectoría Académica. Universidad Antonio Nariño, Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Educación Matemática, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
| | - Raúl A Poutou-Piñales
- Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ). Bogotá, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
| | - Balkys E Quevedo-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
| | - Johan F Galindo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
| | - Aura M Pedroza-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ). Bogotá, Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y de Suelos, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Bogotá, D.C, Colombia
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Rawat HK, Soni H, Suryawanshi RK, Choukade R, Prajapati BP, Kango N. Exo-inulinase production from Aspergillus fumigatus NFCCI 2426: purification, characterization, and immobilization for continuous fructose production. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1778-1790. [PMID: 33884619 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus was found to produce thermostable exo-inulinase (EC 3.8.1.80; 38 U/ml) on inulin-rich infusions. Exo-inulinase (14.6 U/mg) was immobilized on glutaraldehyde activated Ca-alginate beads for continuous generation of fructose by hydrolyzing sucrose, chicory, and dandelion substrates. Immobilization of enzyme was confirmed by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The exo-inulinase was purified using ion-exchange (1.30-folds) and size-exclusion chromatography (2.71-folds). The purified exo-inulinase showed 64 kDa band on gel and was optimally active at 60 °C and pH 6.0. Kinetic constants, Km and Vmax of purified exo-inulinase, were 5.88 mM and 1.66 µM/min, respectively, and its relative activity was found to be enhanced (125.8%) in the presence of calcium ion. Immobilized preparation was utilized for continuous generation of fructose from chicory juice (26 to 70%) and dandelion root extracts (16 to 24%) by recycling upto five cycles, respectively. In comparison to other sweeteners, such as sucrose, fructose is considered as a healthy alternative. The present study demonstrated the use of immobilized exo-inulinase in continuous generation of fructose from some underutilized plant sources that can be used in food industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Thermostable exo-inulinase produced by A. fumigatus was immobilized on calcium alginate matrix and was employed for continuous hydrolysis of chicory juice and dandelion root extract for generation of fructose syrup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kumar Rawat
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hemant Soni
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
- Division of Microbiology, Central Ayurveda Research Institute (CARI), Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Suryawanshi
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ritumbhara Choukade
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bhanu Pratap Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
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Production and immobilization of β-galactosidase isolated from Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC2190 by entrapment method using agar-agar organic matrix. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2198-2224. [PMID: 33686627 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC2190 was isolated from soil around a cattle shed area, which was capable of producing intracellular β-galactosidase. Partially purified β-galactosidase was immobilized by entrapment method in agar-agar gel matrix. Agar-agar entrapped beads were prepared by dropping the enzyme-agar solution to ice-cooled toluene-chloroform ((3:1 (v/v)). 45.88±0.11% activity of partially purified β-galactosidase was retained after immobilization (bead shape). Maximum immobilization yield was observed in the presence of 2.5% agar-agar concentration. After immobilization, optimum temperature required for the enzyme-substrate reaction was shifted from 50 to 60 °C and the optimum reaction time was shifted from 15 to 25 min. The optimum pH for both free and immobilized β-galactosidase was pH 7. Free enzyme showed lower activation energy in comparison with the immobilized one. For free as well as immobilized β-galactosidase thermal deactivation, rate constant (kd) increased with increasing temperature while the values of decimal reduction time (D-values) and half-lives (t1/2) decreased. Immobilization process increased the t1/2 and D-values of β-galactosidase while it decreased the kd. Thermostability of immobilized β-galactosidase was higher as they showed higher enthalpy (ΔΗ0) and Gibb's free energy (ΔG0)value than those of the free β-galactosidase. The negative entropy (ΔS0) of free and immobilized β-galactosidase established that both were in a more ordered state within the temperature range (50 to 70 °C) studied. Immobilized β-galactosidase was able to retain 51.65±1.61% of its initial activity after 7 batches of enzyme-substrate reaction. Immobilized β-galactosidase showed 78.09±3.69% of its initial activity even after 40 days of storage at 4 °C.
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Chauhan JV, Mathukiya RP, Singh SP, Gohel SD. Two steps purification, biochemical characterization, thermodynamics and structure elucidation of thermostable alkaline serine protease from Nocardiopsis alba strain OM-5. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:39-50. [PMID: 33316342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Nocardiopsis alba strain OM-5 showed maximum protease production in submerged culture. The OM-5 protease was purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The purified protease of 68 kDa showed maximum activity (3312 ± 1.64 U/mL) at 70 °C and was quite stable at 80 °C up to 4 M NaCl (w/v) at pH 9. The purified protease showed significant activity and stability in different cations, denaturing agents, metal ions, and osmolytes. The thermodynamic parameters including deactivation rate constant (Kd) and half lives (t1/2) at 50-80 °C were in the range of 2.50 × 10-3 to 5.50 × 10-3 and 277.25-111.25 min respectively at 0-4 M NaCl. The structural stability of the OM-5 protease under various harsh conditions was elucidated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy followed by K2D3 analysis revealed that the native structure of OM-5 protease was stable even in sodium dodecyl sulfate and Tween 20 indicated by increased α-helices content assisted with decreased β-sheets content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagruti V Chauhan
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Riddhi P Mathukiya
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Sangeeta D Gohel
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India.
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Ashkan Z, Hemmati R, Homaei A, Dinari A, Jamlidoost M, Tashakor A. Immobilization of enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials: An update. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:708-721. [PMID: 33232698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use in various industries, enzyme's instability and non-reusability limit their applications which can be overcome by immobilization. The nature of the enzyme's support material and method of immobilization affect activity, stability, and kinetics properties of enzymes. Here, we report a comparative study of the effects of inorganic support materials on immobilized enzymes. Accordingly, immobilization of enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials significantly improved thermal and pH stability. Furthermore, immobilizations of enzymes on the materials mainly increased Km values while decreased the Vmax values of enzymes. Immobilized enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials showed the increase in ΔG value, and decrease in both ΔH and ΔS values. In contrast to weak physical adsorption immobilization, covalently-bound and multipoint-attached immobilized enzymes do not release from the support surface to contaminate the product and thus the cost is decreased while the product quality is increased. Nevertheless, nanomaterials can enter the environment and increase health and environmental risks and should be used cautiously. Altogether, it can be predicated that hybrid support materials, directed immobilization methods, site-directed mutagenesis, recombinant fusion protein technology, green nanomaterials and trailor-made supports will be used increasingly to produce more efficient immobilized industrial enzymes in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ali Dinari
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jamlidoost
- Department of Virology, Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Biochemical characterization of extracellular fructosyltransferase from Aspergillus oryzae IPT-301 immobilized on silica gel for the production of fructooligosaccharides. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 43:43-59. [PMID: 33025334 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extracellular fructosyltransferase (FTase, E.C.2.4.1.9) from Aspergillus oryzae IPT-301 was immobilized on silica gel by adsorption and biochemically characterized aiming at its application in the transfructosylation reaction of sucrose for the production of fructooligossaccarides (FOS). RESULTS The transfructosylation activity (AT) was maximized by the experimental design in function of the reaction pHs and temperatures. The AT of the immobilized enzyme showed the kinetics behavior described by the Hill model. The immobilized FTase showed reuse capacity for six consecutive reaction cycles and higher pH and thermal stability than the soluble enzyme. CONCLUSION These results suggest a high potential of application of silica gel as support for FTase immobilization aiming at FOS production.
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29
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Lipase immobilization on ceramic supports: An overview on techniques and materials. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 42:107581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Tarrahimofrad H, Meimandipour A, Arjmand S, Beigi Nassiri M, Jahangirian E, Tavana H, Zamani J, Rahimnahal S, Aminzadeh S. Structural and biochemical characterization of a novel thermophilic Coh01147 protease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234958. [PMID: 32574185 PMCID: PMC7310833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteases play an essential role in living organisms and represent one of the largest groups of industrial enzymes. The aim of this work was recombinant production and characterization of a newly identified thermostable protease 1147 from thermophilum indigenous Cohnella sp. A01. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that protease 1147 is closely related to the cysteine proteases from DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI superfamily, with the conserved catalytic tetrad. Structural prediction using MODELLER 9v7 indicated that protease 1147 has an overall α/β sandwich tertiary structure. The gene of protease 1147 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21. The recombinant protease 1147 appeared as a homogenous band of 18 kDa in SDS-PAGE, which was verified by western blot and zymography. The recombinant protein was purified with a yield of approximately 88% in a single step using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Furthermore, a rapid one-step thermal shock procedure was successfully implemented to purify the protein with a yield of 73%. Using casein as the substrate, Km, and kcat, kcat/Km values of 13.72 mM, 3.143 × 10−3 (s-1), and 0.381 (M-1 S-1) were obtained, respectively. The maximum protease activity was detected at pH = 7 and 60°C with the inactivation rate constant (kin) of 2.10 × 10–3 (m-1), and half-life (t1/2) of 330.07 min. Protease 1147 exhibited excellent stability to organic solvent, metal ions, and 1% SDS. The protease activity was significantly enhanced by Tween 20 and Tween 80 and suppressed by cysteine protease specific inhibitors. Docking results and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation revealed that Tween 20 interacted with protease 1147 via hydrogen bonds and made the structure more stable. CD and fluorescence spectra indicated structural changes taking place at 100°C, very basic and acidic pH, and in the presence of Tween 20. These properties make this newly characterized protease a potential candidate for various biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agriculture Science and Natural Resources University Khouzestan, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Amir Meimandipour
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Arjmand
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadtaghi Beigi Nassiri
- Department of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agriculture Science and Natural Resources University Khouzestan, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Jahangirian
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Javad Zamani
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Rahimnahal
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agriculture Science and Natural Resources University Khouzestan, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
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31
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Abstract
We describe a general method for the entrapment of enzymes within bulk metallic gold. This is a new approach for the immobilization of enzymes on metals, which is commonly carried out by 2D adsorption or covalent biding, that is, the enzyme is in contact with the metal at a specific contact zone of the enzyme, while most of the rest of it remains exposed to the environment. The 3D metallic encaging of the enzymes is quite different: the enzyme is in contact with the metallic cage walls all around it and is well protected inside. The porous nature of the metallic matrix enables substrate molecules to diffuse inside, reach the active site, and let product molecules diffuse out. The generality of the approach was proven by the successful entrapment of five enzymes representing different classes and different bio- and medical applications: l-asparaginase (Asp), collagenase, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), laccase and glucose oxidase (GOx). GOx–gold conjugates have been of particular interest in the literature. The main challenge we had to solve was how to keep the enzyme active in the process of gold-synthesis from its cation – this required careful tailoring of reaction conditions, which are detailed in the paper. The gold entrapped enzymes gain thermal stability and protectability against harsh conditions. For instance, we could keep Asp alive at the extreme pH of 13, which normally kills the enzyme instantly. The entrapped enzymes obey the Michaelis–Menten kinetics, and activation energies were determined. Good recyclability for eight cycles was found. Multi-enzymatic reactions by combinations of the off-the-shelf bioactive enzyme@gold powders are possible, as demonstrated for the classical detection of GOx activity with HRP. Detailed material characterization and proposed mechanisms for the 3D protectability of the enzymes are provided. The new enzyme immobilization method is of wide potential uses in medicine, biotechnology, bio-fuel cells and enzymatic (electro)sensing applications. We describe a general method for the entrapment of enzymes within bulk metallic gold.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Baruch-Shpigler
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - David Avnir
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
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