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Phonlamai A, Kingkaew T, Prajanket P, Sakdapetsiri C, Krajangsang S, Kitpreechavanich V, Lomthong T. Raw starch degrading alkaline α-amylase from Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02: Production, characterization, and its potential for application as a detergent additive. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300653. [PMID: 38212247 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02, a newly isolated strain from cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) rhizosphere soil in Thailand, showed maximum raw starch degrading enzyme (RSDE) activity at 252.3 ± 9.32 U/mL with cassava starch and peptone at 5.0 and 3.0 g/L, respectively. 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and phylogenetic tree analyses indicated that the TSCCA02 strain was closely related to G. kaustophilus. The crude RSDE had optimal activity at 60°C and pH 9.0. This enzyme degraded various kinds of starch including potato starch, cassava starch, rice flour, corn starch, glutinous rice flour, and wheat flour to produce sugar syrup at 60°C, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The major end products of starch hydrolysis were maltose and maltotriose with a small amount of glucose, confirming this enzyme as an α-amylase. The enzyme improved the washing efficiency of cotton fabric with commercial detergent. Results indicated the potential of alkaline α-amylase produced from a new isolate of G. kaustophilus TSCCA02 for application as a detergent additive on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausawadee Phonlamai
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Khlong Hok, Thailand
| | - Thananya Kingkaew
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Khlong Hok, Thailand
| | - Pradabrat Prajanket
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Khlong Hok, Thailand
| | - Chatsuda Sakdapetsiri
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukhumaporn Krajangsang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Watthana, Thailand
| | | | - Thanasak Lomthong
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Khlong Hok, Thailand
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Saha SP, Ghosh S, Mazumdar D, Ghosh S, Ghosh D, Sarkar MM, Roy S. Valorization of banana peel into α-amylase using one factor at a time (OFAT) assisted artificial neural network (ANN) and its partial purification, characterization, and kinetics study. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Wang Y, Wang C, Chen Y, Cui M, Wang Q, Guo P. Heterologous Expression of a Thermostable α-Galactosidase from Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius Isolated from the Lignocellulolytic Microbial Consortium TMC7. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:749-760. [PMID: 35637170 PMCID: PMC9628905 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2201.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
α-Galactosidase is a debranching enzyme widely used in the food, feed, paper, and pharmaceuticals industries and plays an important role in hemicellulose degradation. Here, T26, an aerobic bacterial strain with thermostable α-galactosidase activity, was isolated from laboratory-preserved lignocellulolytic microbial consortium TMC7, and identified as Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius. The α-galactosidase, called T26GAL and derived from the T26 culture supernatant, exhibited a maximum enzyme activity of 0.4976 IU/ml when cultured at 60°C and 180 rpm for 2 days. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the α-galactosidase T26GAL belongs to the GH36 family. Subsequently, the pET-26 vector was used for the heterologous expression of the T26 α-galactosidase gene in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The optimum pH for α-galactosidase T26GAL was determined to be 8.0, while the optimum temperature was 60°C. In addition, T26GAL demonstrated a remarkable thermostability with more than 93% enzyme activity, even at a high temperature of 90°C. Furthermore, Ca2+ and Mg2+ promoted the activity of T26GAL while Zn2+ and Cu2+ inhibited it. The substrate specificity studies revealed that T26GAL efficiently degraded raffinose, stachyose, and guar gum, but not locust bean gum. This study thus facilitated the discovery of an effective heat-resistant α-galactosidase with potent industrial application. Meanwhile, as part of our research on lignocellulose degradation by a microbial consortium, the present work provides an important basis for encouraging further investigation into this enzyme complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China,College of Biology and Pharmacy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yonglun Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China,College of Biology and Pharmacy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P.R. China
| | - MingYu Cui
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China,College of Biology and Pharmacy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, P.R. China,College of Biology and Pharmacy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-15007195863 Fax: +86-27-87380137 E-mail:
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Al-Amri A, Al-Ghamdi MA, Khan JA, Altayeb HN, Alsulami H, Sajjad M, Baothman OA, Nadeem MS. Escherichia coli expression and characterization of α-amylase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans DSM-465. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e239449. [PMID: 34105678 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.239449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha amylase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of starch is a ubiquitous enzyme with tremendous industrial applications. A 1698 bp gene coding for 565 amino acid amylase was PCR amplified from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans DSM-465, cloned in pET21a (+) plasmid, expressed in BL21 (DE3) strain of E. coli and characterized. The recombinant enzyme exhibited molecular weight of 63 kDa, optimum pH 8, optimum temperature 70°C, and KM value of 157.7µM. On pilot scale, the purified enzyme efficiently removed up to 95% starch from the cotton fabric indicating its desizing ability at high temperature. 3D model of enzyme built by Raptor-X and validated by Ramachandran plot appeared as a monomer having 31% α-helices, 15% β-sheets, and 52% loops. Docking studies have shown the best binding affinity of enzyme with amylopectin (∆G -10.59). According to our results, Asp 232, Glu274, Arg448, Glu385, Asp34, Asn276, and Arg175 constitute the potential active site of enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Amri
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Al-Ghamdi
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - J A Khan
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H N Altayeb
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Alsulami
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Sajjad
- University of the Punjab, School of Biological Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - O A Baothman
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Nadeem
- King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Shilova AV, Maksimov AY, Maksimova YG. Isolation and Identification of Alkalitolerant Bacteria with Hydrolytic Activity from a Soda Sludge Storage. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Soy S, Nigam VK, Sharma SR. Enhanced production and biochemical characterization of a thermostable amylase from thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus icigianus BITSNS038. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2021.2002549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snehi Soy
- Department of Bio-Engineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Nigam
- Department of Bio-Engineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shubha Rani Sharma
- Department of Bio-Engineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Akanbi TO, Ji D, Agyei D. Revisiting the scope and applications of food enzymes from extremophiles. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13475. [PMID: 32996180 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms from extreme environments tend to undergo various adaptations due to environmental conditions such as extreme pH, temperature, salinity, heavy metals, and solvents. Thus, they produce enzymes with unique properties and high specificity, making them useful industrially, particularly in the food industries. Despite these enzymes' remarkable properties, only a few instances can be reported for actual exploitation in the food industry. This review's objectives are to highlight the properties of these enzymes and their prospects in the food industry. First, an introduction to extremophilic organisms is presented, followed by the categories and application of food enzymes from extremophiles. Then, the unique structural features of extremozymes are shown. This review also covers the prospective applications of extremozymes in the food industry in a broader sense, including degradation of toxins, deconstruction of polymers into monomers, and catalysis of multistep processes. Finally, the challenges in bioprocessing of extremozymes and applications in food are presented. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Enzymes are important players in food processing and preservation. Extremozymes, by their nature, are ideal for a broad range of food processing applications, particularly those that require process conditions of extreme pH, temperature, and salinity. As the global food industry grows, so too will grow the need to research and develop food products that are diverse, safe, healthy, and nutritious. There is also the need to produce food in a sustainable way that generates less waste or maximizes waste valorization. We anticipate that extremozymes can meet some of the research and development needs of the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo O Akanbi
- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Dawei Ji
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Najar IN, Thakur N. A systematic review of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus: their evolution, current taxonomic status and major applications. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2020; 166:800-816. [PMID: 32744496 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The genus Geobacillus, belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, is one of the most important genera and comprises thermophilic bacteria. The genus Geobacillus was erected with the taxonomic reclassification of various Bacillus species. Taxonomic studies of Geobacillus remain in progress. However, there is no comprehensive review of the characteristic features, taxonomic status and study of various applications of this interesting genus. The main aim of this review is to give a comprehensive account of the genus Geobacillus. At present the genus acomprises 25 taxa, 14 validly published (with correct name), nine validly published (with synonyms) and two not validly published species. We describe only validly published species of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus. Vegetative cells of Geobacillus species are Gram-strain-positive or -variable, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, obligately thermophilic and chemo-organotrophic. Growth occurs in the pH range 6.08.5 and a temperature of 37-75 °C. The major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15:o, iso-C16:0 and iso-C17:o. The main menaquinone type is MK-7. The G-+C content of the DNA ranges between 48.2 and 58 mol%. The genus Geobacillus is widely distributed in nature, being mostly found in many extreme locations such as hot springs, hydrothermal vents, marine trenches, hay composts, etc. Geobacillus species have been widely exploited in various industrial and biotechnological applications, and thus are promising candidates for further studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Nabi Najar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Gangtok - 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Nagendra Thakur
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong, Gangtok - 737102, Sikkim, India
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Burhanoğlu T, Sürmeli Y, Şanlı-Mohamed G. Identification and characterization of novel thermostable α-amylase from Geobacillus sp. GS33. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:578-585. [PMID: 32693140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of a thermostable α-amylase from Geobacillus sp. GS33 was investigated. The recombinant α-amylase was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (λDE) and purified via anion exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The purified α-amylase had a molecular weight of about 60 kDa, and was active in a broad range of pH 3-10 and temperature (40-90 °C) with maximum activity at pH 7-8 and 60 °C. The enzyme retained 50% residual activity at 65 °C, but only 20% at 85 °C after 16 h. At pH 9 and pH 7, the residual activity at 65 °C was 50% and 30%, respectively. The enzyme was remarkably activated by Co2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, PMSF, DTT, and Triton X-100, but partially inhibited by Cu2+, methanol, hexane, ethanol, acetone, SDS, and Tween 20. A molecular phylogeny analysis showed that the enzyme's amino acid sequence had the closest connection with an α-amylase from Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp. stromboliensis nov. 3D-structure-based amino acid sequence alignments revealed that the three catalytic residues (D217, E246, D314) and the four Ca2+ ion coordination residues (N143, E177, D186, H221) were conserved in α-amylase from Geobacillus sp. GS33. The temperature stability and neutral pH optimum suggest that the enzyme may be useful for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tülin Burhanoğlu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430 İzmir, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sürmeli
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430 İzmir, Turkey; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Şanlı-Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430 İzmir, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430 İzmir, Turkey.
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Onat B, Rosales-Solano H, Pawliszyn J. Development of a Biocompatible Solid Phase Microextraction Thin Film Coating for the Sampling and Enrichment of Peptides. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9379-9388. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Onat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1 Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1 Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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