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Yiğit A, Köktürk M, Yıldırım S, Nazlı D, Kılıççıoğlu M, Şahin A, Atamanalp M, Ozhan G, Menges N, Alak G. Effect of boramidic acid modified carbon nanotubes on neurological, morphological and physiological responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174614. [PMID: 38992354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the potential toxicological effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), their modifications with ethylenediamine (ED) and boric acid (BA) on aquatic organisms. Specifically, the research focused on the morphological, physiological, and histopathological-immuno-histochemical responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae, via applying different concentrations of CNTs, CNT-ED, and CNT-ED-BA (Control, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L). The results indicated that 20 mg/L CNT nanoparticles were toxic to zebrafish larvae, with mortality rates increasing with CNT and CNT-ED concentrations, reaching 36.7 % at the highest CNT concentration. The highest dose caused considerable degeneration, necrosis, DNA damage, and apoptosis, as evidenced by histopathological and immunohistochemical tests. In contrast, despite their high concentration, CNT-ED-BA nanoparticles exhibited low toxicity. Behavioral studies revealed that CNT and CNT-ED nanoparticles had a more significant impact on sensory-motor functions compared to CNT-ED-BA nanoparticles. These findings suggest that modifying the nanosurface with boric acid, resulting in boramidic acid, can reduce the toxicity induced by CNT and CNT-ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aybek Yiğit
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Tuzluca Vocational School, Igdir University, TR-76000 Igdir, Türkiye.
| | - Mine Köktürk
- Department of Organic Agriculture Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Igdir University, TR-76000 Igdir, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye; Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Kyrgyzstan-Türkiye Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Dilek Nazlı
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Türkiye; Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova 35340, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Metin Kılıççıoğlu
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Şahin
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova 35340, Izmir, Türkiye; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Güneş Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova 35340, Izmir, Türkiye; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Nurettin Menges
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42100 Konya, Türkiye; Science Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42100 Konya, Türkiye.
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
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Zhao Z, Meng Q, Sun TZ, Zhu B. Mannose modified targeted immersion vaccine delivery system improves protective immunity against Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi). Vaccine 2024; 42:2886-2894. [PMID: 38519342 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is an effective method to prevent viral diseases. However, the biological barrier prevents the immersion vaccine from achieving the best effect without adding adjuvants and carriers. Researches on the targeted presentation technology of vaccines with nanocarriers are helpful to develop immersion vaccines for fish that can break through biological barriers and play an effective role in fish defense. In our study, functionally modified single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used as carriers to construct a targeted immersion vaccine (SWCNTs-M-MCP) with mannose modified major capsid protein (MCP) to target antigen-presenting cells (APCs), against iridovirus diseases. After bath immunization, our results showed that SWCNTs-M-MCP induced the presentation process and uptake of APCs, triggering a powerful immune response. Moreover, the highest relative percent survival (RPS) was 81.3% in SWCNTs-M-MCP group, which was only 41.5% in SWCNTs-MCP group. Altogether, this study indicates that the SWCNTs-based targeted immersion vaccine induces strong immune response and provided an effective protection against iridovirus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Shenzhen Vaccine Biotechnology Co., Ltd, B618, Virtual University Experimental Platform Building, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Tian-Zi Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Rele S, Thakur CK, Khan F, Baral B, Saini V, Karthikeyan C, Moorthy NSHN, Jha HC. Curcumin coating: a novel solution to mitigate inherent carbon nanotube toxicity. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:24. [PMID: 38526738 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are inert structures with high aspect ratios that are widely used as vehicles for targeted drug delivery in cancer and many other diseases. They are largely non-toxic in nature however, when cells are exposed to these nanotubes for prolonged durations or at high concentrations, they show certain adverse effects. These include cytotoxicity, inflammation, generation of oxidative stress, and genotoxicity among others. To combat such adverse effects, various moieties can be attached to the surface of these nanotubes. Curcumin is a known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytoprotective compound derived from a medicinal plant called Curcuma longa. In this study, we have synthesized and characterized Curcumin coated-lysine functionalized MWCNTs and further evaluated the cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect of Curcumin coating on the surface of MWCNTs. The results show a significant decrease in the level of inflammatory molecules like IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNFα and NFκB in cells exposed to Curcumin-coated MWCNTs as compared to the uncoated ones at both transcript and protein levels. Further, compared to the uncoated samples, there is a reduction in ROS production and upregulation of antioxidant enzyme-Catalase in the cells treated with Curcumin-coated MWCNTs. Curcumin coating also helped in recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential in the cells exposed to MWCNTs. Lastly, cells exposed to Curcumin-coated MWCNTs showed reduced cell death as compared to the ones exposed to uncoated MWCNTs. Our findings suggest that coating of Curcumin on the surface of MWCNTs reduces its ability to cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Rele
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, 453552, India
| | - Chanchal Kiran Thakur
- Cancept Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India
| | - Fatima Khan
- Cancept Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India
| | - Budhadev Baral
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, 453552, India
| | - Vaishali Saini
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, 453552, India
| | - Chandrabose Karthikeyan
- Cancept Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India
| | - N S Hari Narayana Moorthy
- Cancept Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India.
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, 453552, India.
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Redhwan MAM, M G H, Samaddar S, Hard SAAA, Yadav V, Mukherjee A, Kumar R. Small interference (RNAi) technique: Exploring its clinical applications, benefits and limitations. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14039. [PMID: 37309221 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small interference RNA (siRNA) has emerged as the most desired method for researchers and clinicians who wish to silence a specific gene of interest and has been extensively developed as a therapeutic agent. This review points to collecting all clinical trials on siRNA and understanding its benefits, pharmacokinetics and safety by reading articles published in the last 5 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Searching in the PubMed database using 'siRNA' and 'in vivo' with limits to articles published in the previous 5 years, article type 'clinical trials' and language 'English' to acquire papers on in vivo studies on siRNA approaches. Features of siRNA clinical trials registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ were analysed. RESULTS So far, 55 clinical studies have been published on siRNA. Many published clinical trials on siRNA showed tolerability, safety and effectiveness in treating cancers like breast, lung, colon, and other organs and other diseases like viral infections and hereditary diseases. Many different routes of administration can silence many genes at the same time. Limitations and uncertainties associated with siRNA treatment include the effectiveness of cellular uptake, precise targeting of the intended tissue or cell and prompt elimination from the body. CONCLUSIONS The siRNA or RNAi method will be one of the most critical and influential techniques to fight against many different diseases. Although the RNAi approach has certain advantages, it also has limitations concerning clinical applications. Overcoming these limitations remains a daunting challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moqbel Ali Moqbel Redhwan
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
- Basic Science Research Center (Off-Campus), KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hariprasad M G
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
- Basic Science Research Center (Off-Campus), KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Suman Samaddar
- BGS GIMS Research Institute, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sumaia Abdulbari Ahmed Ali Hard
- Basic Science Research Center (Off-Campus), KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Apurbo Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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Tardast Z, Iranbakhsh A, Ebadi M, Oraghi Ardebili Z. Carboxylic acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) improved production of atropine in callus of Datura inoxia by influencing metabolism, gene regulation, and DNA cytosine methylation; an in vitro biological assessment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107975. [PMID: 37634333 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Atropine is a well-known tropane alkaloid commonly employed in medicine class called anticholinergics. This study intends to address biochemical and molecular responses of Datura inoxia calluses to fortifying culture medium with carboxylic acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs). The application of MWCNTs influenced callogenesis performance and biomass in a dose-dependent manner. The MWCNT at 5 mgL-1 resulted in the highest biomass of calluses by 57%. While, MWCNTs at high concentrations were accompanied by cytotoxicity. On the other hand, MWCNTs at concentrations above 100 mgL-1 exhibited cytotoxicity, decreased callogenesis performance, and reduced Atropine biosynthesis. The MWCNTs increased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and catalase enzymes. The concentrations of proline and soluble phenols displayed upward trends in response to using MWCNTs. According to the HPLC assessment, enriching culture medium with MWCNTs at 5 mgL-1 elicited Atropine production in calluses by 64%. The quantitative PCR assessment referred to the upregulation in the transcription of the PAL gene. The expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and putrescine N-methyltransferase 1 (PMT) genes were also upregulated in calluses cultured in a medium supplemented with MWCNTs. Methylation Sensitive Amplification Polymorphism (MSAP) technique indicated that employing MWCNTs altered the DNA methylation profile, reflecting epigenetic modification. Overall, engineering plant cells with MWCNTs as a nano-elicitor can be suggested for large-scale synthesis of industrially-valuable secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tardast
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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Vijayalakshmi V, Sadanandan B, Anjanapura RV. In vitro comparative cytotoxic assessment of pristine and carboxylic functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on LN18 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23283. [PMID: 36541368 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been used in biomedical applications due to their ability to enter the cells. Carboxylic functionalization of MWCNT (MWCNT-COOH) is used to mitigate the toxicity of MWCNTs. Our study focuses on comparing the toxicity of MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH on the neuronal cells, LN18. Concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 µg ml-1 were used for the study, and cytotoxicity was determined at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation. Cell viability was assessed by Trypan Blue, MTT, and Live dead cell assays, and the oxidative stress produced was determined by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Lipid peroxidation assays. MWCNT-COOH showed higher cell viability than MWCNT for 20 and 40 µg ml-1 at 24 and 48 h. This was also visually observed in the live dead cell imaging. However, at 48 h, the morphology of the cells appeared more stretched for all the concentrations of MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH in comparison to the control. A significant amount of ROS production can also be observed at the same concentration and time. Viability and oxidative stress results together revealed that MWCNT-COOH is less toxic when compared to MWCNT at longer incubation periods and higher concentrations. However, otherwise, the effect of both are comparable. A concentration of 5-10 µg ml-1 is ideal while using MWCNT and MWCNT-COOH as the toxicity is negligible. These findings can further be extended to various functionalizations of MWCNT for wider applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bindu Sadanandan
- Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu V Anjanapura
- Department of Chemistry, Jain Deemed-to-be University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, BLDE (Deemed-to-be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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7
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Yahyavi M, Badalkhani-Khamseh F, Hadipour NL. Folic acid functionalized carbon nanotubes as pH controlled carriers of fluorouracil: Molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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da Costa Siqueira JT, Reis AC, Lopes JML, Ladeira LO, Viccini LF, de Mello Brandão H, Munk M, de Sousa SM. Chromosomal aberrations and changes in the methylation patterns of Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) exposed to carbon nanotubes. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-023-01325-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Hong H, Lu Y, Zhu X, Wu Q, Jin L, Jin Z, Wei X, Ma G, Yu H. Cytotoxicity of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts: A combined experimental and computational study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159273. [PMID: 36209887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs), such as halocetamides (HAcAms), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and halonitromethanes (HNMs), are emerging DBPs in drinking water. They are more toxic than currently regulated DBPs, attracting more attention to their toxic effects and mechanism. In this study, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells were employed to explore the cytotoxicity of 29 N-DBPs. The influence of molecular structures and different halogenations on cytotoxicity has been comparatively analyzed. As toxicity is the downstream of chemico-biological interactions, the thiol reactivity of 29 N-DBPs has thus been evaluated by using glutathione (GSH) as a model nucleophile, which is the most prevalent cellular thiol and acts as an antioxidant to protect cells by detoxifying electrophilic compounds. Results show that the cytotoxicity of N-DBPs follows by the order of HAcAms > HANs > HNMs, which is different from their reactivity with GSH (the median of kGSH ranks as HNMs > HAcAms > HANs). However, a significant correlation (p < 0.001) between log kGSH and log IC50 (concentration causing 50% inhibition) has been respectively observed for HAcAms and HANs subset and HNMs subset, indicating such chemical reaction is a probable trigger for these DBPs to result in cytotoxicity. Finally, two separate quantitative structure - activity relationship (QSAR) models based on HANs & HAcAms subset and HNMs subset have been developed for estimating IC50 values. The good statistical performance makes the models possible to quickly and accurately predict IC50 values of other N-DBPs, providing basic data for their health risk assessment and greatly reducing in vivo and in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachang Hong
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Yuchen Lu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Lingmin Jin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wei
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Guangcai Ma
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Avenue 688, 321004 Jinhua, China.
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Design of double functionalized carbon nanotube for amphotericin B and genetic material delivery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21114. [PMID: 36476955 PMCID: PMC9729229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were successively functionalized with phospholipid DSPE-PEG carboxylic acid, and then, with ethylenediamine (EDA), to obtain double functionalized single wall carbon nanotube (DFSWCNT). Then, DFSWCNT was applied as a carrier for delivering amphotericin B (Amb) and EGFP plasmid. FSWCNT's concentration obtained via UV-visible analysis was 0.99 mg/mL. The TGA analysis results provided the lost weights of DSPE-PEG-COOH, EDA, Amb and SWCNT impurities. XPS results showed that carbon atoms' percentage decreased during the functionalization processes from 97.2% (SWCNT) to 76.4% (FSWCNT) and 69.9% (DFSWNCT). Additionally, the oxygen atoms' percentage increased from 2.3% (SWCNT) to 21% and 22.5% for FSWCNT and DFSWCNT, respectively. New bonds such as C-N and N-C=O appeared in the synthesized nanocarrier. The IG/ID ratio in Raman analysis decreased from 7.15 (SWCNT) to 4.08 (FSWCNT). The amount of Amb released to phosphate buffer saline medium was about 33% at pH = 5.5 and 75% at pH = 7.4 after 48 h. CCK8 results confirmed that the toxicity of functionalized SWCNT had decreased. In a 2:1 ratio of DFSWCNT/EGFP plasmid, the cell viability (87%) and live transfected cells (56%) were at their maximum values. The results indicate that carbon nanotubes have the potential to be applied as drug/gene delivery systems with outstanding properties such as high loading capacity and easy penetration to cell membrane.
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Sharma R, Tomar S, Puri S, Wangoo N. Self-Assembled Peptide Hydrogel for Accelerated Wound Healing: Impact of N-Terminal and C-Terminal Modifications. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200499. [PMID: 36177524 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Wound dressings are required to provide a moist environment for wounds, protect against invading infections, expedite tissue regeneration, and improve wound healing efficiency. Developing biomaterials with all aforesaid properties is still a big challenge. However, peptide-based hydrogels have the potential to overcome these challenges as they are biocompatible, biodegradable as well as have the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix and provide an appropriate moist environment which is important for wound healing. With this in mind, we report the preparation and comparison of three hexapeptide-based hydrogels, LIVAGD, with the aim to understand the importance of the N-terminal protecting group as well as the C-terminal amino acid substitution on its various biological efficacies. Fmoc and acetyl groups were used for N-terminal peptide protection, while aspartic acid was substituted with lysine at the C-terminus. The resulting peptide-based hydrogels were compared. Fmoc peptide-based hydrogels exhibited efficient anti-inflammatory action along with improved biocompatibility while lysine provided enhanced antibacterial effect to the hydrogel. Additionally, in vivo efficacy was examined using a mouse model, and Fmoc hydrogels demonstrated an improved wound healing ability with ∼40 % faster healing rate in comparison to the reported acetylated peptide hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Centre for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shruti Tomar
- Centre for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Centre for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering & Technology (U.I.E.T.), Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nishima Wangoo
- Department of Applied Sciences, University Institute of Engineering & Technology (U.I.E.T.), Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
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Singh R, Kumar S. Cancer Targeting and Diagnosis: Recent Trends with Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132283. [PMID: 35808119 PMCID: PMC9268713 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer belongs to a category of disorders characterized by uncontrolled cell development with the potential to invade other bodily organs, resulting in an estimated 10 million deaths globally in 2020. With advancements in nanotechnology-based systems, biomedical applications of nanomaterials are attracting increasing interest as prospective vehicles for targeted cancer therapy and enhancing treatment results. In this context, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently garnered a great deal of interest in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment due to various factors such as biocompatibility, thermodynamic properties, and varied functionalization. In the present review, we will discuss recent advancements regarding CNT contributions to cancer diagnosis and therapy. Various sensing strategies like electrochemical, colorimetric, plasmonic, and immunosensing are discussed in detail. In the next section, therapy techniques like photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, drug targeting, gene therapy, and immunotherapy are also explained in-depth. The toxicological aspect of CNTs for biomedical application will also be discussed in order to ensure the safe real-life and clinical use of CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Singh
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China;
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
- Correspondence:
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Analysis of Nanomaterials on Biological and Environmental Systems and New Analytical Methods for Improved Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116331. [PMID: 35683010 PMCID: PMC9181213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancing field of nanoscience has produced lower mass, smaller size, and expanded chemical composition nanoparticles over recent years. These new nanoparticles have challenged traditional analytical methods of qualification and quantification. Such advancements in nanoparticles and nanomaterials have captured the attention of toxicologists with concerns regarding the environment and human health impacts. Given that nanoparticles are only limited by size (1–100 nm), their chemical and physical characteristics can drastically change and thus alter their overall nanotoxicity in unpredictable ways. A significant limitation to the development of nanomaterials is that traditional regulatory and scientific methods used to assess the biological and environmental toxicity of chemicals do not generally apply to the assessment of nanomaterials. Significant research effort has been initiated, but much more is still needed to develop new and improved analytical measurement methods for detecting and quantitating nanomaterials in biological and environmental systems.
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Salehpour M, Saadati Z, Asadi L. Potential application of Al and Si doped carbon nanotubes for metronidazole detection: A theoretical study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Red Wine Oxidation Characterization by Accelerated Ageing Tests and Cyclic Voltammetry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121943. [PMID: 34943046 PMCID: PMC8750522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain information on the oxidative behavior of red wines, oxygen consumption rates and electrochemical changes (cyclic voltammetry) were measured for nine red wines subject to three different accelerated ageing tests: chemical (with hydrogen peroxide), enzymatic (with laccase from Trametes versicolor), and temperature (at 60 °C). Oxidative behavior depended both on the wine sample and accelerated ageing test type. A good correlation was observed between electrochemical parameters of charges for reference/non-oxidized wines, in accordance with their antioxidant capacity, and the variation of charges after enzymatic and temperature tests, meaning that cyclic voltammetry could be used in order to predict these two oxidation tests and reflect the wine sensitivity towards respective oxidation targets. However, it was not possible to predict wine chemical oxidation test based on hydrogen peroxide from the electrochemical measurements.
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16
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Motloung MP, Mofokeng TG, Ojijo V, Ray SS. A review on the processing–morphology–property relationship in biodegradable polymer composites containing carbon nanotubes and nanofibers. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mpho Phillip Motloung
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Tladi Gideon Mofokeng
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Vincent Ojijo
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI‐CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
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17
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Diel JC, Franco DSP, Igansi AV, Cadaval TRS, Pereira HA, Nunes IDS, Basso CW, Alves MDCM, Morais J, Pinto D, Dotto GL. Green synthesis of carbon nanotubes impregnated with metallic nanoparticles: Characterization and application in glyphosate adsorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131193. [PMID: 34139444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as support material for the impregnation of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) produced by green synthesis. The influences of the plant extracts (pomegranate (Punica Granatum), Eucalyptus, and pecan (Carya illinoinensis, leaves), metal species (copper and iron), metallic concentrations, and type of functionalization (OH and COOH) on the characteristics of the obtained materials were studied. The precursor and impregnated MWCNTs were characterized through X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, point of charge, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All the synthesized materials were tested as adsorbents to remove glyphosate (GLY) in an aqueous medium. The MWCNTs were resistant to withstand the synthesis process, preserving its structure and morphological characteristics. The copper and iron on the surface of MWCNTS confirm the successful synthesis and impregnation of the MNPs. The MWCNTs impregnated with high metallic concentrations showed favorable adsorption of GLY. The adsorption capacity and percentage of removal were 21.17 mg g-1 and 84.08%, respectively, for the MWCNTs impregnated with iron MNPs using the pecan leaves as a reducing agent. The results indicated that an advanced adsorbent for GLY could be obtained by green synthesis, using MWCNTs as precursors and pecan leaves as a reducing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia C Diel
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Dison S P Franco
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Andrei V Igansi
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Brazil.
| | - Tito R S Cadaval
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande-FURG, Brazil.
| | | | - Isaac Dos S Nunes
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Charles W Basso
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Brazil.
| | | | - Jonder Morais
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Brazil.
| | - Diana Pinto
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Colombia; Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Lima, Peru.
| | - Guilherme L Dotto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Brazil; Chemical Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, Brazil.
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18
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Pramanik S, Mohanto S, Manne R, Rajendran RR, Deepak A, Edapully SJ, Patil T, Katari O. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System: The Magic Bullet for the Treatment of Chronic Pulmonary Diseases. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3671-3718. [PMID: 34491754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary diseases encompass different persistent and lethal diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cystic fibrosis (CF), asthma, and lung cancers that affect millions of people globally. Traditional pharmacotherapeutic treatment approaches (i.e., bronchodilators, corticosteroids, chemotherapeutics, peptide-based agents, etc.) are not satisfactory to cure or impede diseases. With the advent of nanotechnology, drug delivery to an intended site is still difficult, but the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties can accomplish targeted therapeutic delivery. Based on their surface, size, density, and physical-chemical properties, nanoparticles have demonstrated enhanced pharmacokinetics of actives, achieving the spotlight in the drug delivery research field. In this review, the authors have highlighted different nanoparticle-based therapeutic delivery approaches to treat chronic pulmonary diseases along with the preparation techniques. The authors have remarked the nanosuspension delivery via nebulization and dry powder carrier is further effective in the lung delivery system since the particles released from these systems are innumerable to composite nanoparticles. The authors have also outlined the inhaled particle's toxicity, patented nanoparticle-based pulmonary formulations, and commercial pulmonary drug delivery devices (PDD) in other sections. Recently advanced formulations employing nanoparticles as therapeutic carriers for the efficient treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases are also canvassed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy Jalpaiguri, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Road, Hospital Para, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal 735101, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Pharmacy Institute, Majhitar, East Sikkim 737176, India.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Ravi Manne
- Quality Control and Assurance Department, Chemtex Environmental Lab, 3082 25th Street, Port Arthur, Texas 77642, United States
| | - Rahul R Rajendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600128, India
| | - Sijo Joy Edapully
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, NIT campus, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India.,Corporate Head Office, HLL Lifecare Limited, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695012, India
| | - Triveni Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Oly Katari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
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19
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Immobilization of cellulase on magnetized multiwall carbon nanotubes (m-MWCNTs) synthesized via eco-friendly (water-based) method. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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de Carvalho Lima EN, Diaz RS, Justo JF, Castilho Piqueira JR. Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Carbon Nanotubes in Vaccine Development. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5411-5435. [PMID: 34408416 PMCID: PMC8367085 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanobiotechnology have allowed the utilization of nanotechnology through nanovaccines. Nanovaccines are powerful tools for enhancing the immunogenicity of a specific antigen and exhibit advantages over other adjuvant approaches, with features such as expanded stability, prolonged release, decreased immunotoxicity, and immunogenic selectivity. We introduce recent advances in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to induce either a carrier effect as a nanoplatform or an immunostimulatory effect. Several studies of CNT-based nanovaccines revealed that due to the ability of CNTs to carry immunogenic molecules, they can act as nonclassical vaccines, a quality not possessed by vaccines with traditional formulations. Therefore, adapting and modifying the physicochemical properties of CNTs for use in vaccines may additionally enhance their efficacy in inducing a T cell-based immune response. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to renew and awaken interest in and knowledge of the safe use of CNTs as adjuvants and carriers in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elidamar Nunes de Carvalho Lima
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Justo
- Electronic Systems Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castilho Piqueira
- Telecommunication and Control Engineering Department, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Zare H, Ahmadi S, Ghasemi A, Ghanbari M, Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M, Karimi M, Webster TJ, Hamblin MR, Mostafavi E. Carbon Nanotubes: Smart Drug/Gene Delivery Carriers. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1681-1706. [PMID: 33688185 PMCID: PMC7936533 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s299448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (such as their high surface to volume ratios, enhanced conductivity and strength, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, optical properties, etc.) have led to their consideration to serve as novel drug and gene delivery carriers. CNTs are effectively taken up by many different cell types through several mechanisms. CNTs have acted as carriers of anticancer molecules (including docetaxel (DTX), doxorubicin (DOX), methotrexate (MTX), paclitaxel (PTX), and gemcitabine (GEM)), anti-inflammatory drugs, osteogenic dexamethasone (DEX) steroids, etc. In addition, the unique optical properties of CNTs have led to their use in a number of platforms for improved photo-therapy. Further, the easy surface functionalization of CNTs has prompted their use to deliver different genes, such as plasmid DNA (PDNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) as gene delivery vectors for various diseases such as cancers. However, despite all of these promises, the most important continuous concerns raised by scientists reside in CNT nanotoxicology and the environmental effects of CNTs, mostly because of their non-biodegradable state. Despite a lack of widespread FDA approval, CNTs have been studied for decades and plenty of in vivo and in vitro reports have been published, which are reviewed here. Lastly, this review covers the future research necessary for the field of CNT medicine to grow even further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Zare
- Advances Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Ghanbari
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, MA, Iran
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Applied Biotechnology Research Centre, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, MA, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Centre, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, MA, Iran
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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22
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Jampilek J, Kralova K. Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1059. [PMID: 33668271 PMCID: PMC7956197 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth. In addition to the well-known crystallographic modifications such as graphite and diamond, other allotropic carbon modifications such as graphene-based nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes have recently come to the fore. These carbon nanomaterials can be designed to help deliver or target drugs more efficiently and to innovate therapeutic approaches, especially for cancer treatment, but also for the development of new diagnostic agents for malignancies and are expected to help combine molecular imaging for diagnosis with therapies. This paper summarizes the latest designed drug delivery nanosystems based on graphene, graphene quantum dots, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, mainly for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kralova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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23
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Ahamed A, Liang L, Lee MY, Bobacka J, Lisak G. Too small to matter? Physicochemical transformation and toxicity of engineered nTiO 2, nSiO 2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124107. [PMID: 33035908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) refer to a relatively novel class of materials that are increasingly prevalent in various consumer products and industrial applications - most notably for their superlative physicochemical properties when compared with conventional materials. However, consumer products inevitably degrade over the course of their lifetime, releasing ENMs into the environment. These ENMs undergo physicochemical transformations and subsequently accumulate in the environment, possibly leading to various toxic effects. As a result, a significant number of studies have focused on identifying the possible transformations and environmental risks of ENMs, with the objective of ensuring a safe and responsible application of ENMs in consumer products. This review aims to consolidate the results from previous studies related to each stage of the pathway of ENMs from being embodied in a product to disintegration/transformation in the environment. The scope of this work was defined to include the five most prevalent ENMs based on recent projected production market data, namely: nTiO2, nSiO2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg. The review focuses on: (i) models developed to estimate environmental concentrations of ENMs; (ii) the possible physicochemical transformations; (iii) cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects specific to each ENM selected; and (iv) a discussion to identify potential gaps in the studies conducted and recommend areas where further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Ahamed
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Lili Liang
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore
| | - Ming Yang Lee
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Grzegorz Lisak
- Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141 Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Voltammetric Behavior, Flavanol and Anthocyanin Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Skins and Seeds during Ripening ( Vitis vinifera var. Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090800. [PMID: 32867242 PMCID: PMC7554950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin and seed grape extracts of three red varieties (Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah) at different stages of ripening were studied for their total phenolic content (TPC) by using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and for their total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by using spectrophotometric and electrochemical assays. Flavanol and anthocyanin compositions were also investigated using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Results showed that seeds had the highest phenolic content and the highest antioxidant potential compared to skins at all stages of ripening. The highest TPC and TAC values were measured in seeds at close to veraison and veraison ripening stages. In skins, the highest values were found at the green stage, it was in accordance with the flavanols content. The voltammetric measurements were carried out using disposable single walled carbon nanotubes modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SWCNT-SPCE). Three peaks on voltammograms were obtained at different oxidation potentials. The first anodic peak that oxidized at a low potential describes the oxidation of ortho-dihydroxy phenols and gallate groups, the second peak corresponds to the malvidin anthocyanins oxidation and the second oxidation of flavonoids. The third voltammetric peak could be due to phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid or the second oxidation of malvidin anthocyanins. The high linear correlation was observed between antioxidant tests and flavanols in skins (0.86 ≤ r ≤ 0.94), while in seeds, 'r' was higher between electrochemical parameters and flavanols (0.64 ≤ r ≤ 0.8).
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25
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Far-reaching advances in the role of carbon nanotubes in cancer therapy. Life Sci 2020; 257:118059. [PMID: 32659368 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer includes a group of diseases involving unregulated cell growth with the potential to invade or expand to other parts of the body, resulting in an estimate of 9.6 million deaths worldwide in 2018. Manifold studies have been conducted to design more efficacious techniques for cancer therapy due to the inadequacy of conventional treatments including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. With the advances in the biomedical applications of nanotechnology-based systems, nanomaterials have gained increasing attention as promising vehicles for targeted cancer therapy and optimizing treatment outcomes. Owing to their outstanding thermal, electrical, optical and chemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been profoundly studied to explore the various perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. The current study aims to review the role of CNTs whether as a carrier or mediator in cancer treatment for enhancing the efficacy as well as the specificity of therapy and reducing adverse side effects. This comprehensive review indicates that CNTs have the capability to be the next generation nanomaterials to actualize noninvasive targeted eradication of tumors. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the consequences of their biomedical application before the transition into clinical trials, since possible adverse effects of CNTs on biological systems have not been clearly understood.
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Yahyavi M, Badalkhani-Khamseh F, L. Hadipour N. Adsorption behavior of pristine, Al-, and Si-doped carbon nanotubes upon 5-fluorouracil. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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